PL112363B1 - Diesel engine - Google Patents

Diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
PL112363B1
PL112363B1 PL1977197647A PL19764777A PL112363B1 PL 112363 B1 PL112363 B1 PL 112363B1 PL 1977197647 A PL1977197647 A PL 1977197647A PL 19764777 A PL19764777 A PL 19764777A PL 112363 B1 PL112363 B1 PL 112363B1
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
cylinder
injector
combustion chamber
piston
diameter
Prior art date
Application number
PL1977197647A
Other languages
Polish (pl)
Original Assignee
Berliet Automobiles
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Berliet Automobiles filed Critical Berliet Automobiles
Publication of PL112363B1 publication Critical patent/PL112363B1/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0669Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0696W-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder wall
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/02Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0618Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
    • F02B23/0621Squish flow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/066Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray the injector being located substantially off-set from the cylinder centre axis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Opis patentowy opublikowano: 15.01.1982 112363 CZYTELNIA Int. Cl.2 F02M 61/14 F02B 23/06 Twórca wynalazku Uprawniony z patentu: Automobiles M. Berliet, Lyon (Francja) Silnik wysokoprezny Przedmioitem wynalazku jest silnik wysokoprez¬ ny z dwoma zaworami na jeden cylinder.Znane sa czterosuwowe silniki wysokoprezne z dwoma zaworami na jeden cylinder i z komora spalania umieszczona w tloku. Sa orne podzielone na trzy grupy: Pierwisiza grupuje silniki stare, których wytwa¬ rzanie praktycznie zaniklo. Posiadaja one wtrys¬ kiwacze usytuowane z boku mimosrodowo, majace wylot bezposrednio w koimorze spalania, badz w tloku, którego denko nie jest plaskie, albo który ma kanal wlotowy do komory, która nie jest ob¬ rotowa, badz w glowicy, cylindra, która ma kanal posredni laczacy wtryskiwacz z komora usytuo¬ wana w tloku. Komora spalania < nie -jest wtedy calkowicie wbudowana 'w tlok. v Druga i trzecia grupuje najczesciej silniki z komora wbudowana w tlok, wytwarzane obecnie najczesciej.Silniki drugiej grupy maja komcfry spalania o duzej srednicy i niewielkiej glebokosci, usytuo¬ wane w denku tloka, polaczone z wtryskiwaoza- mi usytuowanymi w poblizu osi cylindrów, przy¬ czyni kazdy wtryskiwacz podaje kilka strumieni rozdzielonych na obwodzie odpowiadajacej mu ko¬ mory. Osiagi tych silników sa bardzo dobre, gdyz maja dobra sprawnosc przy malym zuzyciu pa¬ liwa w calym stosowanym zakresie d nizsze tem¬ peratury w strefach krytycznych. Zimne silniki 10 15 20 25 maja dobry rozruch i malo zanieczyszczaja po¬ wietrze ze wzgledu na mala ilosc spalin.Z drugiej strony, kazdy wtryskiwacz jest usy¬ tuowany bardzo blisko otworów ssacych i wyde¬ chowych w glowicy cylindra, tak, ze glowica cy¬ lindra ma konstrukcje stosunkowo zwarta, w któ¬ rej trudino jest izasitosowac dostatecznie duze prze^ wody, przez które przeplywa woda chlodzaca.Trzecia grupa dotyczy silników nazywanych „z wtryskiwaczem sciennym". Silniki te maja w den¬ ku tioka, stosunkowo glebokie komory^spalania z dosyc ograniezonyim przewezeniem, na ogól obro¬ towe, ale zawieraja niekiedy niewielki kanal ulat¬ wiajacy przejscie strumienia paliwa do komory spalania. Wtryskiwacze kierujac strumienie w spo¬ sób rozkladajacy je na powierzchni komory spala¬ nia, stad sa nazwane jako wtryskiwacze seden- . ne.Kazdy wtryskiwacz, moze bez przeszkód poda¬ wac pewna liczbe strumieni, mniejsza od liofcby strumieni podawanych w silniku drugiej grupy, .ponadto jest on znacznie przesuniety miimosrodo- wo do osi odpowiadajacego mu cylindra. Silniki te maja wiec korzystniej rozmieszczone wtryski¬ wacze, a wiec latwiej dostepne, jest to korzystne dla dokonywania konserwacji i napraw oraz do umieszczenia w glowicy przewodów o duzej sred¬ nicy, do obiegu wody chlodzacej. 112 3633 112 363 4 Celem wynalazku jest ulepszenie silników tej ostatniej grupy.Silnik wysokoprezny wedlug wynalazku, ma wtryskiwacze paliwowe umieszczone w glowicy cy¬ lindra podajace co najmniej trzy sitrumienie pali- 5 wa w kierunku jedrnej komory spalania umiesz¬ czonej w denku tloka. Istota wynalazku polega na tym, ze kazdy wtryskiwacz jest umieszczony mi¬ mosrodowo w odpowiadajacym mu cylindrze w odleglosci od jego oisi co najmniej równej 0,15 10 srednicy cylindra, podczas gdy wysokosc komory spalania umieszczonej w denku tloka jest co naj¬ wyzej równa 0,55 maksymalnej srednicy tej .ko¬ mory. Kazdy wtryskiwacz podajacy co najmniej trzy strumienie, ma strefy uderzeniowe roizdzie- 15 lone wokól calej komory spalania wzdluz stozka, którego kat wierzcholkowy jest wiekszy od 90°C.Korzystnie, kazdy wtryskiwacz jest -umieszczo¬ ny mimosrodowo w odipowiadajacym mu cylind¬ rze, w odleglosci 0,18-^-0,3 srednicy cylindra, od 20 jego osi.Przedmiot wynalazku jest przedstawiony w przykladzie wykonania, na rysunku, na którym fig. 1 przedstawia cylinder silnika, w przekroju pionowym, fig. 2 — -cylinder w widoku z góry. 25 Na rysunkach przedstawiono cylinder silnika wedlug wynalazku, zawierajacy tuleje cylindrowa "1 polaczona z glowica 2, wewnatrz której znaj¬ duje sie wlot zamykany przez zawór 3 i wylot zamykany przez zawór 4, oraz wtryskiwacz 5. 30 Komora spalania 6 jest ograniczona od wew¬ natrz denkiem tloka 7, który przesuwa sie pio¬ nowo wewnatrz cylindra. Ta komora 6 jest toroi- dalna albo cylindryczna z ksztaltowa powierzchnia dna, o srednicy maksymalnej 8 i glebokosci lub 35. wysokosci maksymalnej 9.Cylinder ma srednice 10, a wtryskiwacz jest u- mieszezony mimosrodowo w odleglosci 11 od osi cylindra. Mimosrodowosc jest-miierzona w warun¬ kach wskazanych poprzednio. Wtryskiwacz 5 sluzy 40 do wtryskiwania trzech strumieni paliwa 12, któ¬ rych strefy zderzenia sa, rozdzielane wokól calej komory 6. Nowa cecha silnika jest to, ze ma wtrysk bezposredni polaczony z mimoisrodowym rozmieszczeniem wtryskiwaiozy. Ta nowosc jest *5 prosta do wyjasnienia przez nastepujace cechy konstrukcyjne takie, jak plaski tlok, komora spa¬ lania w ksztalcie bryly obrotowej umieszczona w tloku, mimosrodowe umieszczenie wtryskiwacza w cylindrze, wynoszace od 0,18 do 0,3 srednicy 10 cylindra.Glebokosc maksymalna 9 komory spalania 6 w denku tloka 7 jest mniejsza od 0,55 maksymalnej srednicy 8 tej komory.Próby wykazaly, ze ten silnik wysokoprezny wykazuje cechy co najmniej równe, a czasem wyzsze od cech silnika z wtryskiem bezposrednim jezeli chodzi o sprawnosc, male zuzycie paliwa, 'latwy rozruch, albo zmniejszone zanieczyszczenie powietrza, laczac te osiagi z lepszymi rozmieszcze¬ niem elementów w glowicy. W, efekcie, wtryski¬ wacz 5 jest dostatecznie daleko od zaworów 3 i 4 tak, ze mozna zastosowac przewody chlodzace o duzej srednicy dla przeplywu: wody, a dostep do wtrysikiwaezy jest laitwy.W ramach wynalazku mozna stosowac wtryski¬ wacze do wtryskiwania liczby strumieni paliwa róznej od trzech albo nadawac osiom wtryski- waozy pochylenie mniejsze lub wiejksze w sto¬ sunku do osi kazdego cylindra. PLThe patent description was published: January 15, 1982 112363 READING ROOM Int. Cl.2 F02M 61/14 F02B 23/06 Inventor of the invention Patent entitled: Automobiles M. Berliet, Lyon (France) Diesel engine The subject of the invention is a diesel engine with two valves on one cylinder. There are four-stroke diesel engines with two valves per cylinder and a combustion chamber located in the piston. They are divided into three groups: The first groups old engines, the production of which has practically disappeared. They have side injectors eccentrically, exiting directly in the combustion chamber, or in a piston whose bottom is not flat, or which has an inlet channel into a non-rotating chamber, or in the cylinder head, which has an intermediate channel connecting the injector with the chamber situated in the piston. The combustion chamber <is then completely built into the piston. v The second and third groups are the most common engines with a chamber built into the piston, which are the most frequently produced nowadays. makes each injector deliver several jets separated on the circumference of its corresponding chamber. The performance of these engines is very good as they have good efficiency with low fuel consumption throughout the range used and lower temperatures in the critical zones. Cold engines 10 15 20 25 start well and pollute the air very little due to the small amount of exhaust gas. On the other hand, each injector is positioned very close to the intake and exhaust openings in the cylinder head, so that the cylinder head is The cylinder is relatively compact in design, in which it is difficult to feed sufficiently large lines through which the cooling water flows. The third group relates to engines called "wall injector". These engines have relatively deep combustion chambers in the bottom of the thoker. with a completely enclosed passage, generally rotating, but sometimes contain a small channel facilitating the passage of the fuel stream into the combustion chamber. Each injector can deliver a certain number of jets without any problems, smaller than the number of jets fed in the engine of the second group, moreover Extruded eccentrically to the axis of the corresponding cylinder. These engines therefore have more advantageously arranged injectors, and therefore more easily accessible, which is advantageous for maintenance and repair and to be placed in the head of large diameter lines for the cooling water circuit. The object of the invention is to improve the engines of the latter group. The diesel engine according to the invention has fuel injectors placed in the cylinder head for feeding at least three fuel streams towards a single combustion chamber situated in the bottom of the piston. The essence of the invention consists in the fact that each injector is placed centered in the corresponding cylinder at a distance from its axis at least equal to 0.15 of the cylinder diameter, while the height of the combustion chamber located at the bottom of the piston is at most equal to 0, 55 of the maximum diameter of this chamber. Each injector, feeding at least three jets, has impingement zones distributed around the entire combustion chamber along a cone, the tip angle of which is greater than 90 ° C. Preferably, each injector is located eccentrically in a corresponding cylinder in distance 0.18 - ^ - 0.3 of the cylinder diameter from its 20th axis. The subject of the invention is shown in the example of embodiment, in which Fig. 1 shows the engine cylinder in vertical section, Fig. 2 - cylinder in view in advance. The drawings show an engine cylinder according to the invention, comprising a cylinder liner "1 connected to a head 2, inside which there is an inlet closed by valve 3 and an outlet closed by valve 4, and an injector 5. The combustion chamber 6 is limited on the inside. the piston head 7 which slides vertically inside the cylinder This chamber 6 is toroidal or cylindrical with a shaped bottom surface, with a maximum diameter of 8 and a depth or 35th maximum height 9. The cylinder has a diameter of 10 and the injector is - mixed eccentrically at a distance 11 from the cylinder axis. The eccentricity is measured under the conditions indicated previously. The injector 5 is used to inject three fuel jets 12, the impact zones of which are distributed around the entire chamber 6. A new feature of the engine is that it has direct injection combined with eccentric injection positioning. This novelty is * 5 easy to explain by the following design features such as flat piston, rotary solid combustion chamber in the piston, eccentric location of the injector in the cylinder, ranging from 0.18 to 0.3 of the diameter of the 10 cylinder, the maximum depth 9 of the combustion chamber 6 in the bottom of the piston 7 is less than 0.55 a maximum diameter of 8 of this chamber Trials have shown that this diesel engine exhibits characteristics at least equal to, and sometimes superior to, those of a direct injection engine in terms of efficiency, low fuel consumption, easy starting, or reduced air pollution, combining these performance with better arrangement of the elements in the head. As a result, the injector 5 is sufficiently distant from the valves 3 and 4 so that large diameter cooling lines can be used for the flow of: water, and the access to injection is easy. In the scope of the invention, injectors can be used to inject a number of jets. other than three fuels, or to make the injection axles more or less inclined in relation to the axis of each cylinder. PL

Claims (2)

Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Silnik wysokoprezny z dwoma zaworami na jeden cylinder, którego kazdy wtryskiwacz jest umieszczony w glowicy cylindra podajac co naj¬ mniej trzy strumienie paliwa w kierunku jednej komory spalania umieszczonej w denku tloka, znamienny tym, ze kazdy wtryskiwacz jest u- mieszozony mimosrodowo w odpowiadajacym mu cylindrze (1) w odleglosci (11) od jego osi co naj¬ mniej równej 0,15 srednicy (ID) cylindra, podczas gdy wysokosc (9) komory spalania umieszczonej w denku tloka (7 jest co najwyzej równa 0,55 maksymalnej srednicy (8) tej komory, przy czym kazdy wtryskiwacz (5) podajacy co najmniej trzy strumienie, ma strefy uderzeniowe rozdzielone wokól calej koimory spalania wzdluz stozka, któ¬ rego kat wierzcholkowy jest wiekszy od 90°.Claims 1. Diesel engine with two valves for one cylinder, each injector located in the cylinder head, feeding at least three fuel jets towards one combustion chamber located in the piston bottom, characterized in that each injector is eccentrically mixed. in the corresponding cylinder (1) at a distance (11) from its axis at least equal to 0.15 of the diameter (ID) of the cylinder, while the height (9) of the combustion chamber located in the bottom of the piston (7 is at most 0.55 maximum diameter (8) of this chamber, each injector (5), feeding at least three jets, has impact zones distributed around the entire combustion chamber along a cone, the apex angle of which is greater than 90 °. 2. Silnik wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, ze kazdy wtryskiwacz (5) jest umieszczony mimosro¬ dowo w odpowiadajacym mu cylindrze, w odieg- fosci 0,18—0,3 srednicy (10) cylindra, od jego osi.112 363 __J PL2. Engine according to claim A method according to claim 1, characterized in that each injector (5) is arranged eccentrically in the corresponding cylinder within a distance of 0.18-0.3 of the diameter (10) of the cylinder from its axis.
PL1977197647A 1976-04-28 1977-04-26 Diesel engine PL112363B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7613462A FR2349745A1 (en) 1976-04-28 1976-04-28 FOUR-STROKE DIESEL ENGINE WITH DIRECT INJECTION, WITH EXCENTER INJECTOR

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
PL112363B1 true PL112363B1 (en) 1980-10-31

Family

ID=9172729

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PL1977197647A PL112363B1 (en) 1976-04-28 1977-04-26 Diesel engine

Country Status (13)

Country Link
JP (2) JPS52142109A (en)
BE (1) BE853793A (en)
CA (1) CA1087051A (en)
DE (1) DE2717694A1 (en)
ES (1) ES458170A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2349745A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1578457A (en)
IT (1) IT1077533B (en)
LU (1) LU77198A1 (en)
NL (1) NL7704528A (en)
PL (1) PL112363B1 (en)
PT (1) PT66427B (en)
SE (1) SE7704858L (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS582423A (en) * 1981-06-29 1983-01-08 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Cylinder injection system diesel engine
JPS59172226U (en) * 1983-05-04 1984-11-17 日産自動車株式会社 direct injection diesel engine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB852984A (en) * 1958-01-02 1960-11-02 Daimler Benz Ag Improvements relating to diesel engines with multi-jet injection
CH420723A (en) * 1963-02-28 1966-09-15 Tatra Np Internal combustion engine with a multi-hole nozzle
DE1260858B (en) * 1964-04-30 1968-02-08 Daimler Benz Ag Internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE7704858L (en) 1977-10-29
FR2349745B1 (en) 1981-08-21
NL7704528A (en) 1977-11-01
PT66427B (en) 1978-09-20
LU77198A1 (en) 1977-08-17
ES458170A1 (en) 1978-11-01
GB1578457A (en) 1980-11-05
PT66427A (en) 1977-05-01
JPS6163436U (en) 1986-04-30
DE2717694A1 (en) 1977-11-10
JPS52142109A (en) 1977-11-26
BE853793A (en) 1977-08-16
IT1077533B (en) 1985-05-04
FR2349745A1 (en) 1977-11-25
CA1087051A (en) 1980-10-07

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