PL137618B2 - Precipitation strengthened chromium-nickel steel - Google Patents

Precipitation strengthened chromium-nickel steel Download PDF

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Publication number
PL137618B2
PL137618B2 PL24986484A PL24986484A PL137618B2 PL 137618 B2 PL137618 B2 PL 137618B2 PL 24986484 A PL24986484 A PL 24986484A PL 24986484 A PL24986484 A PL 24986484A PL 137618 B2 PL137618 B2 PL 137618B2
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Poland
Prior art keywords
steel
chromium
nickel
nickel steel
manganese
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PL24986484A
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Polish (pl)
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PL249864A2 (en
Inventor
Stanislaw Pawlak
Stanislaw Zajac
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Inst Metallurgii Zeleza Imeni
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Priority to PL24986484A priority Critical patent/PL137618B2/en
Publication of PL249864A2 publication Critical patent/PL249864A2/en
Publication of PL137618B2 publication Critical patent/PL137618B2/en

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Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest stal wysokostopowa chromowo-nikiowa majaca po pelnej obróbce cieplnej strukture niskoweglowego martenzytu umocnionego czastkami faz miedzymetali¬ cznych. Po pelnej obróbce cieplnej w strukturze tej stali moze równiez wystepowac niewielka ilosc ferrytu i austenitu — do 15% kazdego ze skladników struktury. W praktyce przemyslowej znana jest stal chromowo-nikiowa umacniana wydzieleniowo w gatunku OH 15N7M2 J wedlug BN- 77/0631-11, zawierajaca w procentach masy: wegiel do 0,09%,chrom 14,0-16,0%, nikiel 6,5-7,5%, glin 0,75-1,50%, molibden 1,5-2,0%, siarka do 0,030%, fosfor do 0,040%, krzem 0,40-1,00% i manganu 0,50-1,00%. Wymieniona stal jak i inne stale tego typu zawiera znaczne ilosci niklu i molibdenu, a zawartosci krzemu i manganu sa ograniczone do ponizej 1%.Stal wedlug wynalazku posiada nastepujacy sklad chemiczny: wegiel 0,03-0,15%, chrom 11,0-15,5%, nikiel 3,0-6,0%, glin 0,5-1,5%, molibden, tytan, niobi tantal lacznie do 1,5%,siarka do 0,030%, fosfor do 0,040% oraz krzem 1,0-2,8%, mangan 0,5-3,5%, miedz do 3,5%, reszta zelazo i nieuniknione zanieczyszczenia.Zaleta stali wedlug wynalazku jest ograniczona zawartosc niklu i molibdenu w stosunku do stali OH 15 N 7 M 2 J i podwyzszone zawartosci krzemu i manganu oraz dodatek miedzi. Zawartosc niklu w stali wedlug wynalazku utrzymano jednak na poziomie powyzej 3%, gdyz jest on niezbed¬ nym skladnikiem glównej fazy umacniajacej stal, a mianowicie czastek miedzymetalicznych o wzorze chemicznym NiAl. Podwyzszone zawartosci krzemu i miedzi wnosza dodatkowy wklad w umocnienie stali przez wydzielanie. Wymienione pierwiastki oraz mangan maja równiez duze znaczenie dla stabilnosci strukturalnej stali, co omówiono ponizej. Dzieki odpowiedniemu dobo¬ rowi rodzaju i ilosci skladników stopowych stal wedlug wynalazku charakteryzuje sie wyzsza wytrzymaloscia i granica sprezystosci od stali OH 15N7M2J oraz jest od niej tansza.Bardzo istotna cecha stali wedlug wynalazku jest to, zejej sklad chemiczny moze byc uscislony w ten sposób, aby posiadala ona metastabilna strukture. Stal o metastabilnej strukturze charakte¬ ryzuje sie tym, ze po przesycaniu ma strukture zasadniczo austeniczna i ewentualnie niewielkie ilosci ferrytu i martenzytu, a po tak zwanej destabilizujacej obróbce cieplnej lub odksztalceniu plastycznym na zimno uzyskuje strukture zasadniczo martenzytyczna. Metastabilnosc stali jest2 137618 bardzo pozyteczna cecha dla technologii wytwarzania róznych wyrobów. Ceche te w stali wedlug wynalazku uzyskano przez precyzyjne zbilansowanie rodzaju i ilosci skladników austenitotwór- czych (C, Ni, Mn, Cu) i ferrotwórczych (Cr, Al, Si, Mo, Ti) przy uwzglednieniu dodatkowych wymagan, takich jak dobra odksztalcalnosc na goraco i na zimno oraz zdolnosc stali do umacnia¬ nia sie przez zgniot. Sklad chemiczny stali o metastabilnej charakterystyce jest nastepujacy: wegiel 0,05-0,15%, chrom 13-15,5%, nikiel 5-6,0%, glin 0,6-1,2%), molibden + tytan + niob + tantal do 1,5% osobno lub w kombinacji, siarka do 0,030%, fosfor do 0,040%, krzem 1,1-1,8%, mangan 1,7-3,5%, miedz 1,5-2,8%, reszta zelazo i nieuniknione zanieczyszczenia.Wyroby ze stali wedlug wynalazku uzyskuja szczególnie korzystne wlasnosci, gdy sa wytwa¬ rzane w procesach odksztalcania na zimno takich jak walcowanie, przeciaganie, tloczenie, wyobla- nie i inne. Wsród glównych zastosowan stali wymienic nalezy narzedzia pomiarowe, narzedzia do pracy na zimno, na przyklad pily tasmowe do drewna, sprezyny i elementy sprezyste na przyklad w krosnach rapierowych, wszelkiego rodzaju zatrzaski i przelaczniki. Korzystne wlasnosci wykazuja równiez wyroby odlewane oraz przerabiane plastycznie na goraco i obrabiane cieplnie. Szczególne zalety wykazuje stal wedlug wynalazku, gdy jest stosowana w srodowisku korozyjnym i w tempera¬ turach podwyzszonych do 750K, na przyklad w aparaturze chemicznej.Przyklad . Stal chromowo-niklowa umacniana wydzieleniowo zawierajaca w procentach masy: wegiel 0,073%, chrom 14,6%, nikiel 5,95%?, glin 0,69%, siarka0,016%, fosfor0,013%?, krzem 1,43%, mangan 1,78% i miedz 1,50%, odksztalcona plastycznie na zimno zgniotem 48%, a nastepnie starzona w temperaturze 723 K posiada nastepujace wlasnosci: Twardosc HVio 630, wytrzymalosc na rozciaganie Rm= 1 810MPa, granica plastycznosci Re= 1 750 MPa.Zastrzezenie patentowe Stal chromowo-niklowa umacniana wydzieleniowo, zawierajaca w % masy: wegiel 0,03- 0,15%, chrom 11,0-15,5%, nikiel 3,0-6,0%, glin 0,5-1,5%), molibdenu, tytanu, niobu i tantalu lacznie do 1,5%, siarke do 0,030%., fosfor doT3,040%, reszta zelazo i nieuniknione zaniecz}szczenia, znamienna tym, ze zawiera krzem 1,0-2,8%, mangan 0,5-3,5% oraz miedz do 3,5%.Pracownia Poligraficzna UP PRL. Naklad 100 egz.Cena 100 zl. PLThe subject of the invention is a high-alloy chromium-alloy steel having, after full heat treatment, a low-carbon martensite structure reinforced with particles of intermetallic phases. After complete heat treatment, the structure of this steel may also contain a small amount of ferrite and austenite - up to 15% of each constituent of the structure. In industrial practice, chromium-nickel precipitation hardened steel in the OH 15N7M2 J grade according to BN- 77 / 0631-11 is known, containing in percent by weight: carbon up to 0.09%, chromium 14.0-16.0%, nickel 6, 5-7.5%, aluminum 0.75-1.50%, molybdenum 1.5-2.0%, sulfur up to 0.030%, phosphorus up to 0.040%, silicon 0.40-1.00% and manganese 0, 50-1.00%. The said steel and other steels of this type contain significant amounts of nickel and molybdenum, and the contents of silicon and manganese are limited to less than 1%. The steel according to the invention has the following chemical composition: carbon 0.03-0.15%, chromium 11.0- 15.5%, nickel 3.0-6.0%, aluminum 0.5-1.5%, molybdenum, titanium, niobium tantalum in total up to 1.5%, sulfur up to 0.030%, phosphorus up to 0.040% and silicon 1 , 0-2.8%, manganese 0.5-3.5%, copper up to 3.5%, the rest iron and inevitable impurities. The advantage of the steel according to the invention is the limited content of nickel and molybdenum compared to the OH 15 N 7 M steel 2 J and increased contents of silicon and manganese and the addition of copper. According to the invention, the nickel content in the steel is kept above 3%, however, as it is an indispensable component of the main steel strengthening phase, namely intermetallic particles of the chemical formula NiAl. Increased silicon and copper contents make an additional contribution to the steel hardening by precipitation. The listed elements and manganese are also of great importance for the structural stability of the steel, as discussed below. Due to the appropriate selection of the type and amount of alloying elements, the steel according to the invention is characterized by a higher strength and elastic limit than the OH 15N7M2J steel and is cheaper than it. A very important feature of the steel according to the invention is that its chemical composition can be tightened in such a way that it had a metastable structure. A metastable steel structure is characterized by the fact that after supersaturation it has a substantially austenitic structure and possibly small amounts of ferrite and martensite, and after so-called destabilizing heat treatment or cold deformation it obtains a substantially martensitic structure. The metastability of steel is2 137618 a very useful feature for the production technology of various products. The properties in the steel according to the invention were obtained by precisely balancing the type and quantity of austenite-forming components (C, Ni, Mn, Cu) and ferrous components (Cr, Al, Si, Mo, Ti), taking into account additional requirements, such as good hot formability and cold, and the ability of steel to harden by crushing. The chemical composition of steel with metastable characteristics is as follows: carbon 0.05-0.15%, chromium 13-15.5%, nickel 5-6.0%, aluminum 0.6-1.2%), molybdenum + titanium + niobium + tantalum up to 1.5% separately or in combination, sulfur up to 0.030%, phosphorus up to 0.040%, silicon 1.1-1.8%, manganese 1.7-3.5%, copper 1.5-2, 8%, the rest is iron and the inevitable impurities. Steel products according to the invention obtain particularly favorable properties when produced by cold deformation processes such as rolling, broaching, stamping, spinning and others. Among the main uses of steel are measuring tools, cold working tools, for example wood band saws, springs and resilient elements for example in rapier looms, all kinds of latches and switches. Advantageous properties are also shown by cast products, as well as hot-formed and heat-treated products. The steel according to the invention has particular advantages when used in a corrosive environment and at temperatures elevated up to 750K, for example in chemical equipment. Precipitation hardened chromium-nickel steel containing, in percent by weight: carbon 0.073%, chromium 14.6%, nickel 5.95%, aluminum 0.69%, sulfur 0.016%, phosphorus 0.013%, silicon 1.43% , manganese 1.78% and copper 1.50%, cold deformed by 48%, and then aged at a temperature of 723 K has the following properties: HVio 630 hardness, tensile strength Rm = 1,810MPa, yield strength Re = 1,750 MPa. Patent claim Chrome-nickel steel hardened by precipitation, containing in% by weight: carbon 0.03-0.15%, chromium 11.0-15.5%, nickel 3.0-6.0%, aluminum 0.5 -1.5%), molybdenum, titanium, niobium and tantalum in total up to 1.5%, sulfur up to 0.030%, phosphorus up to 3.040%, the rest iron and inevitable impurities, characterized by the fact that it contains silicon 1.0 -2.8%, manganese 0.5-3.5% and copper up to 3.5%. Printing studio of the PRL. Mintage 100 copies Price PLN 100. PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie patentowe Stal chromowo-niklowa umacniana wydzieleniowo, zawierajaca w % masy: wegiel 0,03- 0,15%, chrom 11,0-15,5%, nikiel 3,0-6,0%, glin 0,5-1,5%), molibdenu, tytanu, niobu i tantalu lacznie do 1,5%, siarke do 0,030%., fosfor doT3,040%, reszta zelazo i nieuniknione zaniecz}szczenia, znamienna tym, ze zawiera krzem 1,0-2,8%, mangan 0,5-3,5% oraz miedz do 3,5%. Pracownia Poligraficzna UP PRL. Naklad 100 egz. Cena 100 zl. PL1. Patent claim Chromium-nickel steel hardened by precipitation, containing in% by weight: carbon 0.03-0.15%, chromium 11.0-15.5%, nickel 3.0-6.0%, aluminum 0.5 -1.5%), molybdenum, titanium, niobium and tantalum in total up to 1.5%, sulfur up to 0.030%, phosphorus up to 3.040%, the rest iron and inevitable impurities, characterized by the fact that it contains silicon 1.0 -2.8%, manganese 0.5-3.5% and copper up to 3.5%. Printing workshop of the UP PRL. Mintage 100 copies. Price PLN 100. PL
PL24986484A 1984-10-02 1984-10-02 Precipitation strengthened chromium-nickel steel PL137618B2 (en)

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PL24986484A PL137618B2 (en) 1984-10-02 1984-10-02 Precipitation strengthened chromium-nickel steel

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PL24986484A PL137618B2 (en) 1984-10-02 1984-10-02 Precipitation strengthened chromium-nickel steel

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PL249864A2 PL249864A2 (en) 1985-08-13
PL137618B2 true PL137618B2 (en) 1986-07-31

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