PL20769B1

PL20769B1 - The method of producing granular mixed fertilizers.

Info

Publication number: PL20769B1
Application number: PL20769A
Authority: PL
Filing date: 1933-09-25
Publication date: 1934-12-31

Description

Znane sa sposoby wytwarzania granu¬ lowanych nawozów mieszanych, skladaja¬ cych sie z azotanu amonowego i weglanu lub fosforanu wapniowego, przez rozpyla¬ nie stopu, zawierajacego te skladniki i pew¬ na ilosc wody. Sposoby te posiadaja pew¬ ne wady, z których wymienic mozna na- przyklad koniecznosc stosowania stosun¬ kowo wysokiej temperatury, w której ulat¬ nia sie weglan amonu, tworzacy sie wsku¬ tek reakcji weglanu wapnia z azotanem a- monu, co powoduje duze straty azotu. Po¬ za tern duza lepkosc stopu nie dozwala na odpowiednie jego rozpylenie, a rozpylone krople zbyt szybko krzepna, co powoduje tworzenie sie ziarn nieodpowiedniego ksztaltu oraz bardzo róznej wielkosci.Obecnie stwierdzono, ze mozna unik¬ nac wyzej wspomnianych niedogodnosci, jesli do mieszaniny azotanu amonowego ze sproszkowanym weglanem lub fosforanem wapniowym dodac odpowiedniego topnika.Przez dodanie topnika obniza sie tempera¬ ture krzepniecia mieszaniny, to tez mozna stosowac nizsze temperatury dla utrzyma¬ nia stopu w stanie cieklym i zmniejszyc przez to straty azotu, poza tern dodatek topnika zmniejsza lepkosc stopu i powodu¬ je opóznienie jego krzepniecia tak, ze przy rozpylaniu zdazy on sie uformowac w jed- *) Wlascicielka patentu oswiadczyla, ze wynalazca jest J. Stefan Pawlikowski w Moscicach.nakowfc i rtegularne krople, które, krzepnac nastepnie, daja jednakowe kuliste ziarna. ^n^cModa^itA^ topników nie powin¬ na przekraczaKS20^'caSej mieszaniny. Ja¬ ko topniki moina stosowac sole potasowe lub sole wapiiiowców, lacznie z magnezem, w postaci chlorków, azotanów i zwiazków podobnych, badz pojedynczo, badz zmie¬ szane ze soba. Ciala te mozna wprowadzac do mieszaniny w dowolnym stanie skupie¬ nia: stalym, stopionym lub w roztworze.Topniki wspomniane mozna równiez wy¬ twarzac w samej mieszaninie, dodajac do niej substancyj, reagujacych z jednym lub kilkoma skladnikami mieszaniny.Moze sie zdarzyc, ze dodatek topnika spowoduje zwiekszenie wlasnosci higrosko- pijnych stopu; aby tego uniknac, nalezy przed ostateczna przeróbka stopu na goto¬ wy produkt, dodac do niego odpowiednich zwiazków chemicznych, które tworza ze skladnikami topnika ciala trudnorozpu- szczalne lub nierozpuszczalne, a tern sa¬ mem zmniejszaja higroskopijnosc pro¬ duktu. PLThere are known methods of producing granular mixed fertilizers consisting of ammonium nitrate and carbonate or calcium phosphate by spraying an alloy containing these ingredients and a certain amount of water. These methods have disadvantages, for example the need to use a relatively high temperature at which the ammonium carbonate volatilizes, which is formed by the reaction of calcium carbonate with ammonium nitrate, which causes large losses. nitrogen. Moreover, the high viscosity of the melt does not allow it to be properly atomized, and the sprayed droplets solidify too quickly, which causes the formation of grains of inappropriate shape and very different sizes. It has now been found that the above-mentioned disadvantages can be avoided if ammonium nitrate is mixed with with powdered carbonate or calcium phosphate, add a suitable flux. By adding the flux, the freezing point of the mixture is lowered, and lower temperatures can be used to keep the melt liquid and thus reduce nitrogen losses, in addition to the addition of flux, the melt viscosity is reduced and cause its clotting to be delayed so that when sprayed it has a chance to form into one *) The proprietor of the patent stated that the inventor is J. Stefan Pawlikowski in Moscice. The method of the fluxes should not exceed 20% of the total mixture. As fluxing agents, potassium salts or the salts of paraphernalia may be used, including magnesium, in the form of chlorides, nitrates and the like, either individually or mixed with each other. These bodies can be introduced into the mixture in any state of aggregation: solid, molten or in solution. The mentioned poles can also be made in the mixture itself by adding substances that react with one or more components of the mixture. It may happen that the addition the flux will increase the hygroscopic properties of the alloy; In order to avoid this, before the final processing of the alloy into the finished product, it is necessary to add to it appropriate chemical compounds, which form with the flux components hardly dissolving or insoluble bodies, and the same reduce the hygroscopicity of the product. PL

Claims

Patent claims. 1. A method for the production of granular mixed fertilizers, consisting of ammonium nitrate and carbonate or calcium phosphate, characterized by adding to a cold or hot, dry, relatively wet mixture of ingredients, bodies that have the ability to lower the melting point of the mixture , in amounts not exceeding 20% of the total mixture.

2. The method according to claim The method of claim 1, wherein the fluxes are potassium salts or alkaline earth salts, including magnesium, in the form of chlorides, nitrates and the like, alone or in a mixture.

3. The method according to p. 1 and 2, the significant point is that the fluxes are introduced into the ready mixture or to the individual components of the mixture in any state (solid, molten or in solution).

4. The method according to p. 1- and 3, the significant fact that the flux is formed in the mixture itself by the addition of substances which react chemically with one or more of the ingredients in the mixture.

5. The method according to p. 1-4, a significant tern, that is added to the alloy containing the flux, immediately prior to the final processing of the alloy, a suitable amount of a body or bodies which, when chemically reacting with the flux, form insoluble or insoluble bonds. United Nitrogen Factories in Moscice and Chorzów. Deputy: M. Skrzypkowski, patent attorney. 4) L. Boguslawski and Ski ruk, Warszawa U. PL