PL2254579T3 - Zastosowanie związków wiążących się do ligandów receptora sigma do leczenia bólu neuropatycznego powstającego w konsekwencji chemioterapii - Google Patents

Zastosowanie związków wiążących się do ligandów receptora sigma do leczenia bólu neuropatycznego powstającego w konsekwencji chemioterapii

Info

Publication number
PL2254579T3
PL2254579T3 PL09712762T PL09712762T PL2254579T3 PL 2254579 T3 PL2254579 T3 PL 2254579T3 PL 09712762 T PL09712762 T PL 09712762T PL 09712762 T PL09712762 T PL 09712762T PL 2254579 T3 PL2254579 T3 PL 2254579T3
Authority
PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
chemotherapy
consequence
treatment
neuropathic pain
receptor ligands
Prior art date
Application number
PL09712762T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
José Manuel BAEYENS-CABRERA
Helmut H. Buschmann
José-Miguel Vela-Hernandez
Daniel Zamanillo-Castanedo
Francisco Rafael NIETO-LÓPEZ
Original Assignee
Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP08384001A external-priority patent/EP2090311A1/en
Application filed by Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. filed Critical Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A.
Publication of PL2254579T3 publication Critical patent/PL2254579T3/pl

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A61K31/137—Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A61K31/4453—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine only substituted in position 1, e.g. propipocaine, diperodon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A61K31/451—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine having a carbocyclic group directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. glutethimide, meperidine, loperamide, phencyclidine, piminodine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A61K31/4515—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine having a butyrophenone group in position 1, e.g. haloperidol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/454—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pimozide, domperidone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/46—8-Azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane; Derivatives thereof, e.g. atropine, cocaine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
    • A61K31/5415—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. phenothiazine, chlorpromazine, piroxicam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/02—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for peripheral neuropathies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • A61P29/02—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID] without antiinflammatory effect

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Rheumatology (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
PL09712762T 2008-02-18 2009-02-17 Zastosowanie związków wiążących się do ligandów receptora sigma do leczenia bólu neuropatycznego powstającego w konsekwencji chemioterapii PL2254579T3 (pl)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08384001A EP2090311A1 (en) 2008-02-18 2008-02-18 Use of compounds binding to the sigma receptor ligands for the treatment of neuropathic pain developing as a consequence of chemotherapy
EP08008682 2008-05-08
EP09712762.5A EP2254579B1 (en) 2008-02-18 2009-02-17 Use of compounds binding to the sigma receptor ligands for the treatment of neuropathic pain developing as a consequence of chemotherapy
PCT/EP2009/001109 WO2009103487A1 (en) 2008-02-18 2009-02-17 Use of compounds binding to the sigma receptor ligands for the treatment of neuropathic pain developing as a consequence of chemotherapy

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
PL2254579T3 true PL2254579T3 (pl) 2018-08-31

Family

ID=40790823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PL09712762T PL2254579T3 (pl) 2008-02-18 2009-02-17 Zastosowanie związków wiążących się do ligandów receptora sigma do leczenia bólu neuropatycznego powstającego w konsekwencji chemioterapii

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (2) US20110052723A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP2254579B1 (pl)
JP (1) JP5859207B2 (pl)
KR (1) KR20110008166A (pl)
CN (1) CN101951908A (pl)
AU (1) AU2009217031B2 (pl)
BR (1) BRPI0908217A2 (pl)
CA (1) CA2712640A1 (pl)
DK (1) DK2254579T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2665042T3 (pl)
HU (1) HUE036546T2 (pl)
MX (1) MX2010009026A (pl)
PL (1) PL2254579T3 (pl)
PT (1) PT2254579T (pl)
RU (1) RU2537226C2 (pl)
WO (1) WO2009103487A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2116539A1 (en) 2008-04-25 2009-11-11 Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. 1-aryl-3-aminoalkoxy-pyrazoles as sigma ligands enhancing analgesic effects of opioids and attenuating the dependency thereof
GB0907973D0 (en) * 2009-05-08 2009-06-24 Modern Biosciences Plc Combination therapy
EP2353591A1 (en) 2010-02-04 2011-08-10 Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. Sigma ligands for potentiating the analgesic effect of opioids and opiates in post-operative pain and attenuating the dependency thereof
EP2353598A1 (en) * 2010-02-04 2011-08-10 Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. Sigma ligands for use in the prevention and/or treatment of postoperative pain
EP2388005A1 (en) 2010-05-21 2011-11-23 Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. Sigma ligands for the prevention and/or treatment of emesis induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy
EP2415471A1 (en) 2010-08-03 2012-02-08 Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. Use of sigma ligands in opioid-induced hyperalgesia
WO2012064150A2 (ko) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-18 한국생명공학연구원 벤프로페린 유도체를 유효성분으로 함유하는 혈관신생-관련 질환의 예방 및 치료용 조성물
EP2524694A1 (en) 2011-05-19 2012-11-21 Laboratorios Del. Dr. Esteve, S.A. Use of sigma ligands in diabetes type-2 associated pain
DK2857037T3 (da) * 2012-05-31 2019-07-22 Univ Kinki Middel til forebyggelse og/eller behandling af perifere neuropatiske smerter forårsaget af anticancerlægemiddel
RU2506077C1 (ru) * 2013-01-25 2014-02-10 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Валента-Интеллект" Комбинация для профилактики, коррекции и терапии боли, связанной с нейродегенерацией или ассоциированной с соматоформными расстройствами
SG11201604480PA (en) 2013-12-17 2016-07-28 Esteve Labor Dr SEROTONIN-NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SNRIs) AND SIGMA RECEPTOR LIGANDS COMBINATIONS
JP6591431B2 (ja) * 2014-03-04 2019-10-16 ザ ユニヴァーシティー オブ ミシシッピ 侵害受容処理並びに記憶障害及び認知異常の病態生理学的研究におけるプローブとして高度に選択的なシグマ受容体リガンド及び放射性リガンド
WO2015135947A1 (en) * 2014-03-10 2015-09-17 Universite D'aix-Marseille Piperazine phenothiazine derivatives for treating spasticity
EP2985036A3 (en) * 2014-08-14 2016-03-09 Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. CYP2J2 antagonists in the treatment of pain
JP6851639B2 (ja) 2015-07-16 2021-03-31 ゾミクス バイオファーマ， インコーポレイテッド プラチナ薬剤の毒性の予防方法
EP3415143A1 (en) * 2017-06-16 2018-12-19 Kai-Uwe Kern Bromhexine for the treatment of pain
WO2019126739A1 (en) 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Shepherd Therapeutics, Inc. Pyrvinium pamoate anti-cancer therapies
CA3112679A1 (en) 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation Medicament for mitigating conditions and/or suppressing onset of peripheral neuropathy induced by anti-malignant tumor agent
KR20200046525A (ko) * 2018-10-24 2020-05-07 건국대학교 글로컬산학협력단 피렌페론 화합물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 취약 x 증후군 및 관련 발달 장애치료용 조성물
EP4302779A1 (en) * 2021-03-04 2024-01-10 Socium Inc. Cancer therapeutic agent
KR102942263B1 (ko) * 2021-11-05 2026-03-23 건국대학교 글로컬산학협력단 하이칸톤을 포함하는 우울장애 또는 신경염증질환의 예방 또는 치료용 조성물
US20250288591A1 (en) * 2022-05-02 2025-09-18 Undaunted Bio, Inc. Trimeprazine for use in treating trigeminal neuralgia and for reducing pain related thereto
KR20260108590A (ko) * 2023-11-01 2026-07-08 언던티드 바이오 인코포레이티드 삼차신경통과 연관된 통증 치료에서 사용하기 위한 트리메프라진

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL191496B1 (pl) * 1997-07-02 2006-05-31 Merck & Co Inc Odmiana polimorficzna 2-(R)-{1-(R) -[3,5-bis(trifluorometylo)-fenylo]etoksy} -3-(S)-(4-fluoro) fenylo-4-[3-(5-okso-1H,4H-1,2,4-triazolo)metylo] morfoliny, sposób jej wytwarzania, zawierająca ją kompozycja farmaceutyczna i jej zastosowanie
RU2218187C2 (ru) * 2002-02-11 2003-12-10 Ростовский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт Способ лечения болевого синдрома у онкологических больных
GB0206505D0 (en) * 2002-03-19 2002-05-01 Euro Celtique Sa Pharmaceutical combination
EP1635805A4 (en) * 2003-06-12 2007-08-08 Ms Science Corp SIGMA RECEPTOR LIGANDS FOR NEURONAL REGENERATION AND FUNCTIONAL RE-ESTABLISHMENT
EP1781272B1 (en) 2004-07-24 2017-09-06 Laboratorios Del Dr. Esteve, S.A. Use of compounds active on the sigma receptor for the treatment of mechanical allodynia
KR101352012B1 (ko) * 2004-08-27 2014-01-15 라보라토리오스 델 드라. 에스테브.에스.에이. 시그마 수용체 저해제
US20090325975A1 (en) 2005-07-15 2009-12-31 Helmut H Buschmann Use of compounds binding to the sigma receptor for the treatment of diabetes-associated pain
EP1761071A1 (de) * 2005-08-29 2007-03-07 Stueckler Gerd Verfahren zur Aufnahme eines Bildes und Digitalkamera
WO2007110221A1 (en) * 2006-03-27 2007-10-04 Wex Pharmaceuticals Inc. Use of sodium channel blockers for the treatment of neuropathic pain developing as a consequence of chemotherapy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110052723A1 (en) 2011-03-03
DK2254579T3 (en) 2018-04-09
PT2254579T (pt) 2018-04-16
ES2665042T3 (es) 2018-04-24
WO2009103487A1 (en) 2009-08-27
MX2010009026A (es) 2010-09-24
JP2011512338A (ja) 2011-04-21
AU2009217031A1 (en) 2009-08-27
RU2010138634A (ru) 2012-03-27
CN101951908A (zh) 2011-01-19
EP2254579B1 (en) 2018-01-10
JP5859207B2 (ja) 2016-02-10
EP2254579A1 (en) 2010-12-01
AU2009217031B2 (en) 2013-12-19
RU2537226C2 (ru) 2014-12-27
KR20110008166A (ko) 2011-01-26
HUE036546T2 (hu) 2018-07-30
BRPI0908217A2 (pt) 2015-08-25
US20170112829A1 (en) 2017-04-27
CA2712640A1 (en) 2009-08-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
HUE036546T2 (hu) Szigma-receptor ligandumokhoz kötõdõ vegyületek alkalmazása kemoterápia következményeként kifejlõdõ neuropátiás fájdalom kezelésére
ZA201006367B (en) Oxadiazoanthracene compounds for the treatment of diabetes
PL2137217T3 (pl) Sposoby hamowania wiązania endosialiny z ligandami
PL2334639T3 (pl) Sposoby wytwarzania związków aminosulfonowych
ZA201000585B (en) 6-amino-pyrimidine-4-carboxamide derivatives and related compounds which bind to the sphingosine 1-phosphate (s1p) receptor for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
PL2456457T3 (pl) Związki do inhibowania skurczu mięśni
GB0813740D0 (en) Therapeutic compounds
PL2143429T4 (pl) Zastosowanie cylastatyny do zmniejszania nefrotoksyczności różnych związków
GB0806794D0 (en) Therapeutic compounds
GB0804755D0 (en) Therapeutic compounds
GB0700194D0 (en) Humanisation of animals
IL197632A0 (en) Use of jam-c binding compounds
ZA201008222B (en) Process for the synthesis of arformoterol
ZA201100123B (en) Bromine-facilitated synthesis of fluoro-sulfur compounds
GB0819428D0 (en) Exothermic mixture
IL201075A0 (en) Methods of preparing imidazole-based compounds
PL2560956T3 (pl) Nowa synteza związków tiazolidynodionowych
IL226799A0 (en) Proline analogs as ligands for cannabinoid receptors for pain relief
IL225451A0 (en) A process for the synthesis of compounds containing a thio-triazolo group
GB2461789A8 (en) Additive for coating compounds
PL2603507T3 (pl) Synteza związków tiazolidynodionu
HK1151243A (en) Use of compounds binding to the sigma receptor ligands for the treatment of neuropathic pain developing as a consequence of chemotherapy
PL2603498T3 (pl) Nowa synteza związków tiazolidynodionu
GB0814997D0 (en) Processes for the preparation of compounds
GB0817857D0 (en) Compounds for the treatment of neoplasia