PL235630B1 - Method for producing moulded periclase-perovskite-spinel products for the refractory lining - Google Patents
Method for producing moulded periclase-perovskite-spinel products for the refractory liningInfo
- Publication number
- PL235630B1 PL235630B1 PL410849A PL41084914A PL235630B1 PL 235630 B1 PL235630 B1 PL 235630B1 PL 410849 A PL410849 A PL 410849A PL 41084914 A PL41084914 A PL 41084914A PL 235630 B1 PL235630 B1 PL 235630B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- spinel
- amount
- mass
- weight
- calcium zirconate
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- DJOYTAUERRJRAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(n-methyl-4-nitroanilino)acetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCN(C)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 DJOYTAUERRJRAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011010 synthetic spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910016341 Al2O3 ZrO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULGYAEQHFNJYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Ca] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ca] ULGYAEQHFNJYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 calcium aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Description
Opis wynalazku Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób wytwarzania wyrobów formowanych peryklazowo--perowskitowo-spinelowych na wy?o?enia ogniotrwa?e znajduj?cych zastosowanie w przemy?le hutniczym z przeznaczeniem do budowy obmurzy urz?dze? cieplnych pracuj?cych w wysokich temperaturach, mi?dzy innymi w przemy?le cementowym, wapienniczym, chemicznym, ceramicznym i innych. Description of the invention The subject of the invention is a method of producing periclase-perovskite-spinel molded products for refractory lining used in the metallurgical industry for the purpose of building brickworking devices. thermal systems operating at high temperatures, among others in the cement, lime, chemical, ceramic and other industries.
Znany jest powszechnie sposób wytwarzania wyrobów zasadowych na bazie magnezji spiekanej i topionej i/lub spineli oraz w?gla przeznaczonych na obmurza urz?dze? cieplnych pracuj?cych mi?dzy innymi w przemys?ach cementowym, wapienniczym, szklarskim, stalowym i innych. Wyroby ogniotrwa?e nara?one s? na dzia?anie wysokich temperatur, które przekraczaj? 1600°C, nag?e zmiany temperatury i silne oddzia?ywania korozyjne. Przez d?ugi okres czasu w obiektach cieplnych instalowano wyroby magnezjowo-chromitowe, jednak ich wykorzystanie ograniczone zosta?o ze wzgl?du na tworzenie si? toksycznego chromu (VI) w ?rodowisku pracy. Alternatyw? stanowi? wyroby magnezjowo-w?glowe, magnezjowo-spinelowe i magnezjowo-cyrkonowe, przy czym wspó?czynnik rozszerzalno?ci cieplnej MgO, C i MgAl2O4 znacznie si? ró?ni?. Ponadto w?giel charakteryzuje si? bardzo ma?? zwil?alno?ci? przez ciek?y metal i ?u?le. Wprowadzenie do wyrobów magnezjowych mi?dzy innymi C, MgAl2O4 i ZrO2 poprawia ich odporno?? korozyjn? oraz pozwala na otrzymanie korzystnej mikrostruktury determinuj?cej odporno?? wyrobów na nag?e zmiany temperatury. Przyk?adem mo?e by? spinel w?a?ciwy wprowadzany do wyrobów w ró?nej formie: przez dodatek AI2O3 - formowanie si? spinelu in situ b?d? jako wcze?niej spiekany lub topiony i wprowadzany na etapie mieszania sk?adników. There is a commonly known method of producing basic products based on sintered and fused magnesia and / or spinels and coal intended for brickwork in industrial devices. heating systems working, among others, in the cement, lime, glass, steel and other industries. Refractory products are exposed to to the effects of high temperatures, which exceed 1600 ° C, sudden temperature changes and strong corrosive effects. For a long period of time, magnesia-chromite products were installed in thermal facilities, but their use was limited due to the formation of Toxic chromium (VI) in the work environment. An alternative? states? magnesia-carbon, magnesia-spinel and magnesia-zirconium products, with the thermal expansion coefficient of MgO, C and MgAl2O4 significantly increasing differ. In addition, coal is characterized by very little ?? wetness? through liquid metal and slag. The introduction to magnesia products, inter alia, C, MgAl2O4 and ZrO2 improves their resistance? corrosive and allows to obtain a favorable microstructure determining the resistance to product to sudden changes in temperature. An example could be specific spinel introduced into articles in various forms: by the addition of Al2O3 - formation of spinel in situ will be as previously sintered or melted and introduced in the step of mixing the ingredients.
Znany jest z ameryka?skiego opisu patentowego US4954463 sposób wytwarzania wyrobów magnezjowo-spinelowych, gdzie spinel (MgAl2O4) tworzy si? in situ. Materia? otrzymuje si? z magnezytu w ilo?ci 65-99% masowych o zawarto?ci MgO nie mniejszej ni? 92% masowych i kalcynowanego boksytu w ilo?ci 35-1% masowych o zawarto?ci AI2O3 nie mniejszej ni? 83% masowych i zawarto?ci SiO2 nie wi?kszej ni? 7% masowych, a zawarto?? krzemionki w mieszance nie mo?e przekracza? 4% masowych. Z otrzymanej mieszanki formuje si? kszta?tki, które wypala si? w zakresie temperatur1480-1760°C. There is known from the US patent description US4954463 a method for the production of magnesia-spinel products, where spinel (MgAl2O4) is formed in situ. Matter? you get from magnesite in an amount of 65-99% by weight with an MgO content of not less than 92% by mass and calcined bauxite in the amount of 35-1% by mass with Al2O3 content not less than 83% by mass and the SiO2 content not greater than 7% by mass, and the content of ?? silica in the mixture can not exceed? 4% by mass. The resulting mixture is formed into shapes that burn out in the temperature range 1480-1760 ° C.
Natomiast z ameryka?skiego opisu patentowego US5565390 znany jest sposób otrzymywania tworzywa ogniotrwa?ego na bazie MgO, które zawiera 3-23% masowych wcze?niej syntetyzowanego spinelu MgAl2O4 o zawarto?ci AI2O3 w ilo?ci 75-95% masowych. Spinel reaguje z AI2O3 i CaO tworz?c gliniany wapnia o stosunkowo niskiej temperaturze topnienia. Ogranicza to jego zastosowanie na przyk?ad jako sk?adnika tworzyw ogniotrwa?ych w strefie spiekania pieca obrotowego do produkcji klinkieru portlandzkiego. On the other hand, the US patent US5565390 discloses a method of obtaining a refractory material based on MgO, which contains 3-23% by weight of the previously synthesized MgAl2O4 spinel with an Al2O3 content of 75-95% by weight. Spinel reacts with Al2O3 and CaO to form relatively low melting calcium aluminates. This limits its use as, for example, a refractory component in the sintering zone of a rotary kiln for the production of Portland clinker.
W ameryka?skim opisie patentowym US 6261983 B1 ujawniono sposób wytwarzania tworzyw magnezjowo-spinelowych o wyd?u?onym czasie pracy, dobrych w?a?ciwo?ciach termomechanicznychi o zredukowanej tendencji do reagowania z tlenkiem wapnia obecnym w ?rodowisku pracy. Polega on na przebiegu powolnej lub opó?nionej reakcji spinelu, tlenku wapnia i tlenku cyrkonu, przy czym tlenek cyrkonu reaguje z tlenkiem wapnia obecnym w mieszaninie reakcyjnej tworz?c cyrkonian wapnia,a dodatek ZrO2 niweluje problemy zwi?zane z obecno?ci? spinelu w tworzywach ogniotrwa?ych. US Patent No. 6261983 B1 discloses a method of producing magnesia-spinel materials with an extended working time, good thermomechanical properties and with a reduced tendency to react with calcium oxide present in the working environment. It consists in the course of a slow or delayed reaction of spinel, calcium oxide and zirconium oxide, where the zirconium oxide reacts with the calcium oxide present in the reaction mixture to form calcium zirconate, and the addition of ZrO2 eliminates the problems related to the presence of spinel in refractory materials.
Z polskiego opisu patentowego PL 212579 B1 znany jest sposób wytwarzania zwartego tworzywa wysokoogniotrwa?ego z dolomitu o maksymalnej zawarto?ci domieszek 2%, b?d?cego ?ród?em CaO oraz MgO oraz z tlenku cyrkonu. Proces wypalania prowadzi si? jedno- lub dwustopniowo w zakresie temperatur 1200 do 1600°C. Otrzymane w ten sposób tworzywo sk?ada si? g?ównie z MgO i CaZrO3 oraz charakteryzuje si? ono korzystn? mikrostruktur?. The Polish patent specification PL 212579 B1 describes a method of producing a compact highly refractory material from dolomite with a maximum content of admixtures of 2%, being a source of CaO and MgO, and zirconium oxide. The firing process is carried out in one or two stages in the temperature range 1200 to 1600 ° C. The material obtained in this way consists of mainly from MgO and CaZrO3 and is characterized by it advantageous microstructure?
Z publikacji: E. ?nie?ek i in.pt. „Tworzywa ogniotrwa?e z uk?adu cztero- sk?adnikowego CaO--MgO-AI2O3-ZrO2”, MATERIA?Y CERAMICZNE (CERAMIC MATERIALS), 65, 4, (2013), 476-480 znany jest sposób wytwarzania tworzyw, których g?ównymi sk?adnikami s? tlenek magnezu (MgO)w ilo?ci 66%-85% obj. i cyrkonian wapnia (CaZrO3) w ilo?ci 15% i 30% obj. oraz monoglinian wapnia (CaAl2O4) w ilo?ci 0-4% obj., spinel w?a?ciwy magnezowo-glinowy (MgAl2O4) w ilo?ci, 0%-4% obj.i cement glinowo-wapniowy w ilo?ci 0-4% obj. Zwi?zki te rozdrobniono do uziarnienia o medianie rozk?adu ziarnowego d0,5od 2,9 do 33,8 ?m i homogenizowano na sucho przez 2 h w cyrkonowym m?ynku wibracyjnym. Nast?pnie z mieszanki zaformowano walce o wymiarach ?50x50 mm pod ci?nieniem 45 MPa, które wypalano w temperaturze 1580°C, przetrzymuj?c je w tej temperaturze 10 godzin, a nast?pnie ch?odzono z piecem, przy czym mo?liwe jest wytworzenie tych tworzyw w procesie jednostopniowego spiekania w powy?szej temperaturze. From the publication: E.? Nie ?ek et al., Pp. "Refractory materials from the four-component CaO system - MgO-Al2O3-ZrO2", CERAMIC MATERIALS, 65, 4, (2013), 476-480 there is a known method of producing the main ingredients are magnesium oxide (MgO) in an amount of 66% -85% vol. and calcium zirconate (CaZrO3) in an amount of 15% and 30% vol. and calcium monoaluminate (CaAl2O4) in an amount of 0-4 vol%, magnesium aluminum spinel (MgAl2O4) in an amount, 0% -4 vol% and calcium aluminum cement in an amount 0-4 vol.% These compounds were ground to a particle size median distribution of d0.5 from 2.9 to 33.8 mm and dry homogenized for 2 h in a zirconium vibrating mill. Next, rolls with dimensions 50x50 mm were formed from the mixture under a pressure of 45 MPa, which were fired at a temperature of 1580 ° C, keeping them at this temperature for 10 hours, and then cooled with a furnace, It is possible to produce these materials in a single-stage sintering process at the above temperature.
Istota sposobu wytwarzania wyrobów peryklazowo-perowskitowo-spinelowych na wy?o?enia ogniotrwa?e, zawieraj?cych w swoim sk?adzie tlenek magnezu, cyrkonian wapnia oraz spinel magnezowo-glinowy, polegaj?cy na formowaniu kszta?tek ze zhomogenizowanej na sucho masy, które poddaje si? jednostopniowej obróbce cieplnej, polega na tym, ?e klinkier magnezjowy spiekany i/lub topiony o zawarto?ci MgO powy?ej 95% masowych we frakcjach ziarnowych z przedzia?u od 0 do 6 mm w ilo?ci 50-96% masowych miesza si? z wcze?niej syntetyzowanym drog? spiekania i/lub topienia cyrkonianem wapnia we frakcjach ziarnowych z przedzia?u od 0 do 5 mm w ilo?ci 1-30% masowych, ze spiekanym i/lub topionym syntetycznym spinelem, zawieraj?cym jako g?ówny sk?adnik fazowy MgAl2O4o uziarnieniu do 5 mm w ilo?ci 1-20% masowych oraz ze ?rodkiem wi???cym wprowadzanym w ilo?ci od 0 do 5% masowych, przy czy najpierw najgrubsze frakcje klinkieru magnezjowego miesza si? z gruboziarnistym cyrkonianem wapnia i syntetycznym spinelem, a nast?pnie wprowadza si? cz??? ?rodka wi???cego i pozosta?? cz??? drobnoziarnistego klinkieru magnezjowego, a potem pozosta?? cz??? ?rodka wi???cego, po czym z uzyskanej masy formuje si? kszta?tki pod ci?nieniem 80-200 MPa stosuj?c trzykrotne odpowietrzenie, które suszy si?, a nast?pnie poddaje obróbce cieplnej prowadzonej w zakresie temperatur 1600-1700°C. The essence of the method of producing periclase-perovskite-spinel products for refractory linings, containing magnesium oxide, calcium zirconate and magnesium-aluminum spinel, consisting in forming shapes from dry homogenized the mass that gives up one-stage heat treatment, consists in the fact that sintered and / or melted magnesia clinker with MgO content over 95% by mass in grain fractions ranging from 0 to 6 mm in an amount of 50-96% by mass mixes si? with the previously synthesized path sintering and / or melting with calcium zirconate in grain fractions ranging from 0 to 5 mm in an amount of 1-30% by weight, with a sintered and / or melted synthetic spinel containing MgAl2O4o as the main phase component grain size up to 5 mm in an amount of 1-20% by weight and with a binding agent introduced in an amount of 0 to 5% by weight, with the thickest fractions of magnesia clinker first mixed? with coarse calcium zirconate and synthetic spinel, then introduces part ??? Binding agent and the rest of the part ??? fine-grained magnesia clinker, and then the remaining ?? part ??? Binding agent, and then the resulting mass is formed into a the fittings are under pressure of 80-200 MPa, using triple deaeration, which is dried and then subjected to a heat treatment carried out in the temperature range of 1600-1700 ° C.
Jako ?rodek wi???cy stosuje si? ?ug posulfitowy, ?ug posiarczynowy lub dekstryn?. As a binding agent, sulphite ug, sulphite or dextrin.
Sposobem wed?ug wynalazku otrzymuje si? wyroby o kontrolowanej porowato?ci wynosz?cej od 2 do 20%, która uzale?niona jest od ilo?ci poszczególnych sk?adników masy i ich uziarnienia. Ponadto w wyniku syntezy ogniowej uzyskuje si? tworzywo o bardzo dobrej odporno?ci na wstrz?sy cieplne i w?a?ciwo?ciach termomechanicznych oraz korzystnych cechach u?ytkowych zwi?zanychz jego podwy?szon? odporno?ci? korozyjn? na dzia?anie wysokiej temperatury i czynników chemicznych wyst?puj?cych podczas pracy wy?o?enia pieca. By the method according to the invention, products with controlled porosity ranging from 2 to 20%, which depends on the amount of individual components of the mass and their grain size. In addition, as a result of fire fusion, a material with very good resistance to thermal shocks and thermomechanical properties, as well as favorable performance characteristics related to its increased resistance to resistance? corrosive to the action of high temperature and chemical factors occurring during the operation of the lining of the furnace.
P r z y k ? a d 1. Do sporz?dzenia wypalanego tworzywa w postaci wyrobów peryklazowo--perowskitowo-spinelowych o wi?zaniu ceramicznym wykorzystano jako kruszywo spiekany klinkier magnezjowy, otrzymany drog? pra?enia magnezytu, o zawarto?ci MgO powy?ej 97% masowych, we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0 do 4 mm, syntetyczny spiekany cyrkonian wapnia we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 1 do 3 mm, topiony spinel MgAl2O4 we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0 do 3 mm i ?ug posulfitowy. Masa na tworzywo sk?ada?a si? z klinkieru magnezjowego w ilo?ci 94% masowych, z cyrkonianu wapnia w ilo?ci 4% masowych, ze spinelu w ilo?ci 2% masowych, stanowi?cych ??cznie 100% kruszywa oraz jako ?rodka wi???cego z ?ugu posulfitowego w ilo?ci 3% w stosunku do masy kruszywa. W pierwszym etapie przygotowania masy najgrubsze frakcje kruszywa magnezjowego miesza si? na sucho z gruboziarnistym spiekanym cyrkonianem wapnia i topionym spinelem, a nast?pnie wprowadza si? do mieszanki ?ug posulfitowy w ilo?ci 2/3 ca?o?ci i pozosta?? ilo?? drobnoziarnistego kruszywa magnezjowego, a potem pozosta?? ilo?? ?ugu posulfitowego. Wyroby wytwarzane sposobem wed?ug wynalazku formowano na prasie hydraulicznej pod ci?nieniem120 MPa stosuj?c trzykrotne odpowietrzanie, po czym suszono i wypalano w temperaturze 1600°C przez 10 godzin. P r y k? a d 1. To prepare the fired material in the form of periclase-perovskite-spinel products with a ceramic bond, sintered magnesia clinker was used as aggregate, obtained by roasting magnesite, with MgO content over 97% by weight, in grain fractions ranging from 0 to 4 mm, synthetic sintered calcium zirconate in grain fractions ranging from 1 to 3 mm, melted MgAl2O4 spinel in grain fractions with range from 0 to 3 mm and sulfite ug. The mass on the material consisted of 94% by weight of magnesia clinker, 4% by weight of calcium zirconate, 2% by weight of spinel, which is 100% aggregate in total, and as a binding agent 3% of the aggregate in the amount of sulphite slurry. In the first stage of mass preparation, the thickest fractions of magnesia aggregate are mixed? dry with coarse sintered calcium zirconate and melted spinel, then introduced into for the mixture of sulfite in the amount of 2/3 of the whole and the remainder quantity ?? fine-grained magnesia aggregate, and then the remaining ?? quantity ?? sulphite slurry. The products produced by the method according to the invention were formed on a hydraulic press under a pressure of 120 MPa, applying three times deaeration, and then dried and fired at a temperature of 1600 ° C for 10 hours.
Wyroby wytworzone powy?szym sposobem charakteryzowa?y si? w?a?ciwo?ciami podanymi w tabeli, umieszczonej na ko?cu opisu. The products produced by the above method were characterized by with the properties given in the table at the end of the description.
P r z y k ? a d 2. Do sporz?dzenia wypalanego tworzywa w postaci wyrobów peryklazowo--perowskitowo-spinelowych o wi?zaniu ceramicznym wykorzystano nast?puj?ce kruszywa: spiekany klinkier magnezjowy o zawarto?ci MgO powy?ej 97% masowych we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0 do 4 mm, topiony cyrkonian wapnia we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 1 do 3 mm, topiony spinel we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0 do 3 mm oraz jako ?rodek wi???cy ?ug posulfitowy. Masa na tworzywo sk?ada?a si? z klinkieru magnezjowego o uziarnieniu 0-4 mm w ilo?ci 96% masowych, z cyrkonianu wapnia o uziarnieniu 1-3 mm w ilo?ci 2% masowych, ze spinelu o uziarnieniu0-4 mm w ilo?ci 2% masowych, stanowi?cych ??cznie 100% kruszywa oraz z ?ugu posulfitowegow ilo?ci 3% w stosunku do masy kruszywa. W pierwszym etapie przygotowania masy najgrubsze frakcje klinkieru magnezjowego miesza si? na sucho z gruboziarnistymi frakcjami cyrkonianu wapnia i ze spinelem, a nast?pnie wprowadza si? do mieszanki ?ug posulfitowy w ilo?ci 2/3 ca?o?ci i pozosta?e drobnoziarniste frakcje klinkieru magnezjowego, a potem pozosta?? ilo?? ?ugu posulfitowego. Wyroby wed?ug wynalazku formowano na prasie hydraulicznej pod ci?nieniem 120 MPa stosuj?c trzykrotne odpowietrzanie, po czym suszono i wypalano w temperaturze 1600°C przez 10 godzin. P r y k? ad 2. The following aggregates were used to prepare the fired material in the form of periclase-perovskite-spinel products with a ceramic bond: sintered magnesia clinker with a MgO content over 97% by weight in grain fractions from the range 0 to 4 mm, fused calcium zirconate in the grains ranging from 1 to 3 mm, fused spinel in the grains ranging from 0 to 3 mm and as a sulfite binder. The mass on the material consisted of from magnesia clinker, grain size 0-4 mm in the amount of 96% by weight, from calcium zirconate with grain size of 1-3 mm in the amount of 2% by weight, from spinel grain size 0-4 mm in the amount of 2% by weight, is with a total of 100% aggregate and 3% of the aggregate slurry in relation to the aggregate weight. In the first stage of mass preparation, the thickest fractions of magnesia clinker are mixed? dry with coarse calcium zirconate fractions and with spinel, then introduced 2/3 of the total amount of sulfite and the remaining fine-grained fractions of magnesia clinker, and then the remainder of the mixture quantity ?? sulphite slurry. The products according to the invention were formed on a hydraulic press under a pressure of 120 MPa using three times deaeration, then dried and fired at a temperature of 1600 ° C for 10 hours.
Wyroby wytworzone sposobem wed?ug wynalazku charakteryzowa?y si? w?a?ciwo?ciami podanymi w tabeli, umieszczonej na ko?cu opisu. The products produced by the method according to the invention were characterized by with the properties given in the table at the end of the description.
P r z y k ? a d 3. Do sporz?dzenia wypalanego tworzywa w postaci wyrobów peryklazowo--perowskitowo-spinelowego o wi?zaniu ceramicznym wykorzystano spiekany klinkier magnezjowyo zawarto?ci MgO powy?ej 97% masowych we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0 do 3 mm, spiekany cyrkonian wapnia we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0,5 do 4 mm, topiony spinel we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0,063 do 0,1 mm i ?ug posulfitowy. Masa na tworzywo sk?ada si? z klinkieru magnezjowego o uziarnieniu 0-3 mm w ilo?ci 79% masowych, z cyrkonianu wapnia o uziarnieniu 0,5-4 mm w ilo?ci 16% masowych, ze spinelu o uziarnieniu 0,063-0,1 mm w ilo?ci 5% masowych, stanowi?cych ??cznie 100% kruszywa oraz z ?ugu posulfitowego w ilo?ci 3% w stosunku do masy kruszywa. W pierwszym etapie przygotowania masy najgrubsze frakcje kruszywa magnezjowego miesza si? na sucho z gruboziarnistym cyrkonianem wapnia, a nast?pnie wprowadza si? do mieszanki ?ug posulfitowy w ilo?ci do 2% i pozosta?e drobnoziarniste frakcje kruszywa magnezjowego i topiony spinel, a na ko?cu pozosta?? ilo?? ?ugu posulfitowego. Wyroby wytwarzane sposobem wed?ug wynalazku formowano na prasie hydraulicznej pod ci?nieniem 120 MPa stosuj?c trzykrotne odpowietrzanie, po czym suszono i wypalano w temperaturze 1600°C przez 10 godzin. P r y k? ad 3. To prepare the fired material in the form of periclase-perovskite-spinel products with a ceramic bond, sintered magnesia clinker with MgO content over 97% by weight in grain fractions ranging from 0 to 3 mm, sintered zirconate calcium in the grain fractions ranging from 0.5 to 4 mm, fused spinel in the grain fractions ranging from 0.063 to 0.1 mm and µg of sulfite. The mass for the material consists of from magnesia clinker, grain size 0-3 mm in the amount of 79% by weight, from calcium zirconate with grain size 0.5-4 mm in the amount of 16% by weight, from spinel grain size 0.063-0.1 mm in the amount 5% by mass, constituting in total 100% aggregate and sulphite slag in the amount of 3% in relation to the aggregate mass. In the first stage of mass preparation, the thickest fractions of magnesia aggregate are mixed? dry with coarse calcium zirconate, then introduced to a mixture of sulfite in an amount of up to 2% and the remaining fine-grained fractions of magnesia aggregate and melted spinel, and finally the remaining quantity ?? sulphite slurry. The products produced by the method according to the invention were formed on a hydraulic press at a pressure of 120 MPa, applying three times deaeration, and then dried and fired at a temperature of 1600 ° C for 10 hours.
Wyroby wytworzone sposobem wed?ug wynalazku charakteryzowa?y si? w?a?ciwo?ciami podanymi w tabeli, umieszczonej na ko?cu opisu. The products produced by the method according to the invention were characterized by with the properties given in the table at the end of the description.
P r z y k ? a d 4. Do sporz?dzenia wypalanego tworzywa w postaci wyrobów peryklazowo--perowskitowo-spinelowego o wi?zaniu ceramicznym wykorzystano spiekany klinkier magnezjowyo zawarto?ci MgO powy?ej 97% masowych we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0 do 3 mm, topiony spinel we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0,5 do 4 mm, spiekany cyrkonian wapnia we frakcjach ziarnowych z zakresu od 0,063 do 0,1 mm i ?ug posulfitowy. Masa na tworzywo sk?ada si? z klinkieru magnezjowego w ilo?ci 80% masowych, ze spinelu w ilo?ci 13% masowych, z cyrkonianu wapniaw ilo?ci 7% masowych, stanowi?cych ??cznie 100% kruszywa oraz z ?ugu posulfitowego w ilo?ci 3% w stosunku do masy kruszywa. W pierwszym etapie przygotowania masy najgrubsze frakcje klinkieru magnezjowego miesza si? na sucho z gruboziarnistym spinelem, a nast?pnie wprowadza si? do mieszanki ?ug posulfitowy w ilo?ci do 2% i pozosta?e drobnoziarniste frakcje klinkieru magnezjowego i drobnoziarnisty cyrkonian wapnia, a na ko?cu pozosta?? ilo?? ?ugu posulfitowego. Wyroby wytwarzane sposobem wed?ug wynalazku formowano na prasie hydraulicznej pod ci?nieniem 120 MPa stosuj?c trzykrotne odpowietrzanie, po czym suszono i wypalano w temperaturze 1600 °C przez 10 godzin. P r y k? ad 4. To prepare the fired material in the form of periclase-perovskite-spinel products with a ceramic bond, sintered magnesia clinker with MgO content over 97% by weight in grain fractions ranging from 0 to 3 mm, melted spinel in grain fractions ranging from 0.5 to 4 mm, sintered calcium zirconate in grain fractions ranging from 0.063 to 0.1 mm and µg of sulfite. The mass for the material consists of 80% by weight of magnesia clinker, 13% by weight of spinel, 7% by weight of calcium zirconate, which is 100% aggregate in total, and 3% of sulphite slurry % by weight of the aggregate. In the first stage of mass preparation, the thickest fractions of magnesia clinker are mixed? dry with coarse spinel, then introduced to a mixture of sulfite up to 2% and the remaining fine-grained fractions of magnesia clinker and fine-grained calcium zirconate, and finally the remaining quantity ?? sulphite slurry. The products produced by the method according to the invention were formed on a hydraulic press at a pressure of 120 MPa, applying three times deaeration, and then dried and fired at a temperature of 1600 ° C for 10 hours.
Wyroby wytworzone sposobem wed?ug wynalazku charakteryzowa?y si? w?a?ciwo?ciami podanymi w tabeli, umieszczonej na ko?cu opisu. The products produced by the method according to the invention were characterized by with the properties given in the table at the end of the description.
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