PL236397B1 - Eubiotic for young ruminant animals, preferably for calves and its application - Google Patents

Description

Description of the invention

The subject of the invention is a eubiotic, the active ingredients of which are new strains of lactic acid bacteria and water extracts of Thymus vulgaris L. and Origanum vulgare and its applications. Eubiotic is intended for young ruminants, in particular for calves. The administration of the eubiotic according to the invention to ruminant animals improves the production results of rearing by improving body weight gain, zoometric parameters and biochemical indicators of blood and rumen fluid. The eubiotic with the composition and dose according to the invention can be introduced directly into water, milk or milk replacer intended for young ruminants, especially for calves.

Recently, intensification of activities aimed at improving production indicators and animal health has been observed. From an economic and breeding point of view, an interesting goal for breeders would be to increase the future milk yield and productivity of the reared calves, which can be indirectly achieved by proper feeding and environmental conditions. However, along with the increase in productivity, animal health deteriorates, which directly affects their longevity.

From the first weeks of life, calves experience intensive growth and development of the digestive system. During this period, the body's resistance is also shaped, which determines the pace of adaptation in the environment, influencing the later productivity of animals. The results of the research confirm that calves who were ill more often in the first weeks of life achieved lower productivity (LeBlanck et al., 2006). Diarrhea is more severe in the first two weeks of life. The etiological factors of diarrhea in calves are not only various infectious agents, but also poor zoohygienic conditions, in particular, improper immune protection of calves in the first days of life. Moreover, it should be remembered that if a calf has diarrhea, the risk of other diseases, in particular respiratory diseases, increases significantly, which increases the costs of treatment and the risk of death or possible complications after the disease (Gulliksen et al., 2009). The level of infectious pressure is directly proportional to the concentration of pathogens in the environment.

Diarrhea in calves is most often caused by enterotoxic strains of Escherichia coli (ETEC) and Clostridium perfringens as well as viruses. The most dangerous strain for newborn calves is the ETEC strain which produces STa enterotoxin, the action of which causes increased secretion of enterocytes in the small intestine. As a result of its action, secretory diarrhea occurs. Proper enrichment with colostrum prevents adhesion and colonization of the intestines by pathogenic E. coli strains, therefore the quality of the colostrum is very important at this stage. The mechanism of action of enterotoxins is based on their penetration into the enterocytes and stimulation of the excretion of chlorine and potassium ions by epithelial cells and inhibition of the absorption of sodium ions from the gastrointestinal tract. This results in the accumulation of water in the intestinal lumen and diarrhea.

The direct consequences of the occurrence of diarrhea are the deterioration of the intake of the starter feed and the associated lower weight gain. The priorities of the current rearing strategies for breeding adolescents are, above all, reducing falls, maximizing body weight gain during the feeding period with liquid feed, and proper preparation of the digestive tract for the use of solid feed. In the UK, calf losses in the first 6 months of rearing are around 6%, representing a loss of around £ 60 million. Therefore, it is crucial in this period of calves' life to provide the right amount of nutrients, and the use of feed additives may be a form supporting preventive actions.

In vivo experiments conducted in many research centers clearly show the high effectiveness of the use of probiotics, especially in young ruminants (Frizzo et al., 2011; Bayatkouhsar et al., 2013; Soto et al., 2014; Yohe et al., 2015). The addition of probiotics and synbiotics to a milk replacer or a starter mix has a positive effect on production rates, which may be due to the colonizing effect of probiotic bacteria in the digestive tract, protecting it against pathogenic microflora and thus ensuring optimal digestion, absorption and daily gains. Soto et al. (2014) showed a positive tendency to improve weekly weight gain and feed conversion ratio after the introduction of Lactobacillus plantarum. Bayatkouhsar et al. (2013) observed a higher final body weight, height at the withers and the back of calves, and indicated a tendency to improve the consumption of rich starter mix as a result of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) administration. The use of probiotics

And phytobiotics reduce the incidence of diarrhea. Durmic and Blache (2012) indicate the strong antibacterial and antiviral properties of herbs. Bacteria colonize the intestines and remain in symbiosis with the organism, protecting it against pathogens. Similar results were obtained by Timmerman et al. (2005) who showed a reduction in mortality from diarrhea. These authors also observed more efficient feed conversion and higher body weight gain at the end of the first rearing period. The studies by Frizzo et al. (2010) showed higher weight gain, intake of a concentrated starter mix and a trend of weight gain and height at the withers as a result of the addition of LAB + 200 g / d of dried whey.

The improvement of production effects may also occur as a result of the use of phytobiotics. Among them, water herbal extracts are a very interesting group. Their action depends on the dosage, content of biologically active compounds, qualitative and quantitative composition (Utiyama et al. 2006). The content of active substances may vary significantly depending on the part of the plant, harvest period or geographical origin (Windisch et al. 2008; Hashemi and Davoodi 2011). A wide range of biologically active compounds contained in plants determines their scope of activity, among others improving the palatability of feed, stimulating the appetite, stimulating digestion, strengthening the immune system, antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic and antioxidant properties. In practice, attention is paid to improving yields, feed conversion and the overall health of the animals. Herbs used in improperly selected doses may, however, be toxic (Durmic and Blache, 2012).

In practice, the beneficial effects of individual feed additives can be enhanced by combining them and creating compositions consisting of various strains of probiotic bacteria, phytobiotic additives, prebiotics, organic acids and other active ingredients. However, the use of multi-component compositions requires the standardization of probiotic and phytobiotic preparations, at least in such a way as to ensure the presence of all strains with pro-health effects in the probiotic preparation, and in addition, an optimal proportion of biologically active substances in the probiotic preparation. There are many solutions in the world that provide for the use of multi-component preparations for animals, especially for calves. One of the known solutions is the method of production and composition of an herb-containing feed additive known from the description IN1000DE2014. This supplement consisted (as mentioned above) of: 5-12.5% sea buckthorn, 0.01-0.05% rosary root, 4-16% apricot leaves, 1.5-6% black poplar leaves and other ingredients. This solution was proposed in order to increase the productivity and efficiency and improve the health of dairy cows. In the solution known from the description WO2014182813, a composition of extracts containing thymol and carvacol was used. It is disclosed that a mixture of plant extracts containing thymol and carvacol together is more effective as an antimicrobial agent than carvacol alone or thymol alone in an equivalent amount. Another phytobiotic additive, described in patent RU2392825, contains the herb of the common marl, St. John's wort, plantain, celandine and chamomile in a ratio of 1: 1 of each of the ingredients. This solution improves the appetite and increases the immunity of animals and improves the functioning of the animal organism. CN104840869 describes a composition which consists of honeysuckle, dandelion, prickly pear, Japanese violet, pendulous forsythia, ginkgo biloba, patrini, bulbul, arrowroot, Ploughshare grass, lentil, Shichangpu, magnolia, poria, and Comhencangosum. This mixture shows detoxifying, antipyretic, antidiarrheal and antibacterial properties, leading to a reduction in the number of diarrhea, strengthening immunity and reducing animal mortality and reducing feeding costs. In turn, the feed additive proposed in patent RU2294648 contains oregano oil constituting 3-7% by weight of the additive, which increases resistance and affects the performance of farm animals. In US2014134144 the authors disclose a probiotic preparation containing 10 ⁸ to 10 ⁹ cells of Lactobacillus casei SBP and Lactobacillus pseudoplantarum in 1 g of skimmed milk powder, preventing the occurrence of diarrheal diseases in ruminants. The solution known from EP1088483 presents a composition which consists of a Yucca palm extract and the active and inactive yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae IP 1.077 in a concentration of 5 x 10 ⁹ KBE / kg of total body weight. The composition also contains trace elements: copper (68 mg / kg), selenium (100 mg / kg) or cobalt (80 mg / kg). The feed additive increases immunity and improves production rates. The subsequent patent application CN103907767 presents a composition consisting of a mixture of yeast, which contributes to the stabilization of the rumen fermentation, improvement of feed consumption and health. The solution known from the description JPH04370066 concerns a feed additive consisting of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver leaves, which improves the taste, increases feed consumption

PL 236 397 B1 and improves health and productivity in ruminants. In turn, in the description CN104642813 the authors presented a complex consisting of 4 strains of microorganisms and the addition of dandelion herbs, fungal roots and ruminant thistle. The purpose of this feed additive is to facilitate the fermentation of feed, improve the digestibility and utilization of the feed, increase the immunity and reduce the mortality of the animals and reduce the cost of feeding.

Despite the existing, traditional measures to combat pathogenic microorganisms, such as antibiotics, new, natural substances, free from the disadvantages of antibiotics, are still being sought. Such substances may include probiotics and biologically active plant substances. However, the antagonistic effect of probiotics is a strain dependent feature. In addition, pathogenic bacteria are highly variable, so it happens that probiotic bacteria that have been effective in combating pathogens become ineffective due to mutations in pathogens. Hence the need to constantly search for and select probiotic bacteria to pathogens currently present in a given species of animals in a given region. Particular threats in farm conditions are E. coli and C. perfringens bacteria, which contribute to the occurrence of many diseases and to the deterioration of the production rates of animals. The positive effect of bacteria can be enhanced by the presence of other protective or growth stimulating substances, such as herbal extracts. However, the method of combining and protecting these substances is so important that in favorable circumstances, resulting from their characteristics, mechanism of action, and the concentration of biologically active compounds, their mutual interaction may be positive or negative. This is due to individual variation largely dependent on the breeding environment of young ruminants, including calves. Due to the constant changes in the population of microorganisms, some preparations that have an antibacterial effect may also be ineffective, or on the contrary, the antibacterial activity may be directed against probiotic bacteria. This means that in order to protect animals, it is necessary to constantly search for new multi-component compositions that affect the health and growth of animals. In nutritional practice, each ingredient is often used independently and therefore no synergy effect is obtained. Also, multi-component mixtures of various additives are not always effective. The synergy effect occurs only when the ingredients present in the additive do not mutually aggravate or competitively influence each other, but act on various levels and in various key places in the digestive tract.

The aim of the invention is to provide a new feed additive - eubiotic, containing probiotic bacteria and herbal extracts for the prevention of infection in young ruminants, especially calves, while improving the breeding effects. According to the invention, the use of this eubiotic can support the treatment by shortening its time and prophylaxis, as well as improve economic effects by achieving higher body weight gain and gastrointestinal development.

The eubiotic for ruminant animals, especially calves, according to the invention comprises new strains of the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus eub1B and / or Lactobacillus salivarius eub2B and / or Lactobacillus sake eub3B and thymus vulgaris L water extract and / or Origanum vulgaris L water extract and / or Lactobacillus vulgaris L water extract.

The listed strains have been deposited in the patent deposit of the Polish Microbiological Collection in Wrocław under the accession numbers:

Lactobacillus casei eub1B = Lactobacillus casei PKM B / 00103

Lactobacillus salivarius eub2B = Lactobacillus salivarius PKM B / 00102

Lactobacillus sakei eub3B = Lactobacillus sakei PKM B / 00101.

The composition of the eubiotic according to the invention consists of 10 to 30% w / w, preferably 20% w / w, of the cell biomass of probiotic bacteria in the dry weight of the eubiotic, fixed by drying. Preferably, the probiotic bacteria are incorporated into the eubiotic in a dry, loose form. Aqueous herbal extracts constitute from 30 to 90% w / w dry weight of the eubiotic, preferably 80% w / w, and are incorporated into the eubiotic in a dry, loose form, preferably in a 1: 1 ratio. Preferably, the herbal and bacterial components of the eubiotic are mixed together, and the whole is in a loose form. Eubiotic can be administered to animals in loose or liquid form. Eubiotic can be a standalone product, or it can be added to milk replacer, milk or water, as well as functional feed additives. Preferably, the eubiotic is soluble in water, milk and the milk replacer.

Experiments were carried out in which the eubiotic was introduced into the milk replacer and / or milk for calves in the first rearing period.

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The animals were kept in individual pens and divided into a control group receiving a diet without the addition of eubiotic and an experimental group with the addition of the produced eubiotic. The experiments were conducted during the first calf rearing period (0-56 days). It was surprisingly found that the animals receiving the eubiotic achieved a much higher final body weight, better body weight gain, higher feed consumption, and better blood zoommetric and biochemical indexes.

The method of increasing the feeding efficiency of ruminating animals, especially calves, according to the invention consists in administering to the animals a eubiotic in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0 g, preferably 1.25 g per animal per day. Preferably, the eubiotic is administered to young animals, particularly in the period from 0 to 56 days of age.

The method of improving the development of the gastrointestinal tract, especially the rumen of ruminants, especially calves, according to the invention consists in administering to the animals a eubiotic in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0 g, preferably 1.25 g per animal per day.

The eubiotic according to the invention, due to the complexity of action and high efficiency resulting from the specific and unique composition, as well as the mutual proportions between the ingredients, has a positive effect both on production indicators and on biochemical indicators of blood and rumen fluid. Moreover, unlike other extras, it is easy to apply.

Thanks to the appropriate combination of ingredients, a new synergy effect was obtained, which allowed the improvement of many important areas of animal productivity. The correct selection of individual additives limited the possibility of a mutual antagonistic effect of the components of the additive, so that individual components could fulfill their assigned task.

The invention is illustrated in working examples.

Example 1. Production experiment on calves with the use of eubiotic 1.

Eubiotic 1 was prepared with the following composition (% dry weight): fixed biomass of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus casei eub1 B, Lactobacillus salivarius eub2B, Lactobacillus sake eub3B (in the proportion 1: 1: 1) 20%, water extract 40% and dried thyme water extract 40%. The dry, loose eubiotic was introduced into the dissolved milk replacer in the amount of 0.15% w / w and the production experiment was carried out on Polish Holstein-Friesian calves in the first rearing period (0-56 days). The animals were assigned according to analogues (origin, sex, birth weight) into two experimental groups: control (without eubiotic) and experimental (with eubiotic 1), 12 animals in each. During the experiment, the animals were kept in individual pens and were fed with a milk replacer and a feed mix of the ad libitum type starter. The animals of the experimental group received 1.25 g of eubiotic per animal daily. The results of the production experiment are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Production experience on calves in the first rearing period, fed with eubiotic 2 and without eubiotic.

Parameters control group Experimental group Initial body weight (kg) 41.6 41.3 Final body weight (kg) 68.8 72.2 Total gains (kg) 3402 3863 Daily gains (g) 353 404 Total Mixture Consumption (kg) 311 360 Daily consumption of starter mix (g) 555 631 Height change in the cross 0-56 days (cm) 8.6 11.3 Number of cases of diarrhea 12 3

The group receiving the eubiotic showed significantly better weight gain. In addition, this group reported better feed consumption and more favorable zoometric indicators (height at the back), as well as less diarrhea.

Example 2. Production experiment on calves with the use of eubiotic 2.

Eubiotic 2 was prepared with the following composition (% dry weight): biomass of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus casei eub1B, Lactobacillus salivarius eub2B, Lactobacillus sake eub 3B (in the proportion 1: 1: 1) 30%,

PL 236 397 Β1 dry 30% water extract and 40% water extract of thyme. Eubiotic 2 was introduced into whole milk or milk replacer in the amount of 0.20% w / w, and a production experiment was carried out on Polish Holstein-Friesian calves in the first rearing period (0-56 days). The animals were assigned according to the analogs (origin, sex, birth weight) into two groups: control (without eubiotic) and experimental (with eubiotic 2), 10 animals each. During the experiment, the animals were kept in individual pens, fed in the control group with milk and starter feed, and in the experimental group with milk with eubiotic and the same starter feed mix. Until the age of 4 weeks, the eubiotic was administered to the animals in milk, and then, until the age of 8 weeks, with the same amount for the milk replacer. In both cases, the starter compound feed was administered ad libitum. The animals of the experimental group received 1.60 g of eubiotic per day per animal. The results of the production experiment are shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Production experience on calves in the first rearing period, fed with eubiotic 2 and without eubiotic.

Parameters control group Experimental group Initial body weight (kg) 42.1 41.9 Final body weight (kg) 68.4 70.2 Total gains (kg) 26.3 28.3 Daily gains (g) 515.7 554.9 Total Mixture Consumption (kg) 298 346 Daily consumption of starter mix (g) 532 618 Height change in the cross 0-56 days (cm) 8.4 10.9 Number of cases of diarrhea 14 2

In the group receiving the eubiotic, higher daily and total body weight gains were found, which resulted in a higher final body weight of the animals. In addition, this group showed better feed consumption and more favorable zoom metrics, as well as fewer cases of diarrhea.

Example 3. Effect of eubiotic application on microbiological and biochemical indicators of rumen fluid.

Based on the experiment described in Example 1, rumen fluid was sampled over a 3-6 hour period. after a morning rest on the 28th and 42nd day of life. Immediately after collecting the rumen fluid, the pH was measured using a CP-104 pH meter. The samples were centrifuged for 10 minutes at 11,200 rpm to separate the supernatant, which was frozen to -20 ° C and stored for further analysis.

The concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen (N-NH3) was determined colorimetrically by the Nessler method modified by Szumacher-Strabel et al. (2002). The concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was analyzed in accordance with the methodology of Ziołecki and Kwiatkowska (1973) using the gas chromatography technique. The microscopic analysis of protozoa (Entodiniomorph and Holotrich) was performed in a drop of rumen fluid according to the methodology described by Michałowski et al. (1986) and bacteria in a Thoma chamber (Blau Brand®, Wertheim, Germany) according to the method described by Ericsson et al. (2000). The results of the experiment are shown in Table 3.

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Table 3. Effect of eubiotic application on microbiological and biochemical indicators of rumen fluid.

Feature Time (d) control group Experimental group pH 28 5.77 6.16 42 6.06 6.22 Sum of LKT (mmol / L) 28 3.23 3.09 42 3.33 3.68 N-NH ₃ (mmol / L) 28 14.86 19.29 42 17.53 18.36 Total Bacterial Count (logio / ml) 28 18.80 18.85 42 18.79 18.92 Holotrich (logio / ml) 28 3.20 3.08 42 5.61 5.68 Entodiniomorpha (logio / ml) 28 8.79 9.07 42 9.59 9.46

Example 4. Effect of eubiotic use on blood biochemical parameters.

Blood samples were taken from the external jugular vein from the animals in the experiment described in Example 1 during 3 to 6 hours. after morning rest, four times during the rearing period: day 1, 14, 28, 42. The blood samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes in order to separate the serum, which after pipetting was stored at -20 ° C until further analyzes were performed. Analyzes of blood biochemical indicators were performed using the Pointa Scientific and Diagnostic System Lab reagents.

Table 4. Characteristics of the reagent set used for the analysis of blood chemistry in calves.

ikr। *। κ Urea nitrogen (BUN) B7552 β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) H7587-58 Pointa Scientific IGF-I DSL-2800 Diagnostic System Lab

The concentration of free fatty acids (PUFA), urea nitrogen (BUN) and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) was determined by colorimetry. The PUFA content was analyzed according to the Duncomble (1964) method. The absorbance measurements were made using a Marcel Media spectrophotometer. The concentration of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) was analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) using a Gamma Automatic Gamma Counter 1470 radiation reader.

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Table 5. Effect of eubiotic use on blood biochemical parameters.

Feature Time (d) control group Experimental group BUN (mg / dl) 1 11.16 18.33 14 11.64 14.01 28 11.64 13.87 42 9.25 11.84 BHBA (mmol / L) 1 0.34 0.40 14 0.33 0.20 28 0.35 0.21 42 0.34 0.26 PUFA (mmol / L) 1 0.22 0.39 14 0.16 0.22 28 0.13 0.21 42 0.12 0.23 IGF-I (ng / mL) 1 113 131 14 50 125 28 146 175 42 67 72

In the group receiving the eubiotic, better biochemical blood levels of calves were found.

Literature

1. Bayatkouhsara J., Tahmasebib A.M., Naserianb A.A., Mokarramc R.R., Valizadehb R. (2013) Effects of supplementation of lactic acid bacteria on growth performance, blood metabolites and fecal coliform and lactobacilli of young dairy calves. Anim Feed Sci and Tech 186, 1-11.

2. Durmic Z., Blachę D. (2012) Bioactive plants and plant products: Effects on animal function, health and welfare. Anim Feed Sci and Tech 176, 150-162.

3. Frizzo L.S., Soto L.P., Zbrun M.V., Bertozzi E., Sequeira G., Rodriguez Armesto R., Rosmini M.R. (2010) Lactic acid bacteria to improve growth performance in young calves fed milk replacer and spray-dried whey powder. Anim Feed Sci and Tech 157, 159-167.

4. Frizzo L.S., Soto L.P., Zbrun M.V., Signorini M.L., Bertozzi E., Sequeira G., Rodriguez Armesto R., Rosmini M.R. (2011) Effect of lactic acid bacteria and lactose on growth performance and intestinal microbial balance of artificially reared calves. Livestock Science 140, 246-252.

5. Gulliksen S.M., Lie K.I., Rsterls O. (2009). Calf health monitoring in Norwegian dairy herds. J Dairy Sci 92: 1660-1669.

6. Hashemi S.R., Davoodi H. (2011) Herbal plants and their derivatives as growth and health promoters in animal nutrition, Vet Res Commun 35: 169-180.

7. Klein-Jóbstl D., Iwersen M., Drillich M. (2014) Farm characteristics and calf management practices on dairy farms with and without diarrhea: A case-control study to investigate risk factors for calf diarrhea. J Dairy Sci 97, 5110-5119.

8. LeBlanc S. J., Lissemore K.D., Kelton D.F., Duffield T.F., Leslie K.E. (2006). Major advances in disease prevention in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 89: 1267-1279.

9. Soto L.P., Zbrun M.V., Frizzo L.S., Signorini M.L., Sequeira G.J., Rosmini M.R. (2014) Effects of bacterial inoculants in milk on the performance ofintensively reared calves. Anim Feed Sci Tech 189, 117-122.

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10. Timmerman H.M., Mulder L., Everts H., D.C. van Espen, E. van der Wal, Klaassen G., Rouwers S. M.G., Hartemink R., Rombouts F.M., Beynen A.C. (2005) Health and Growth of Veal Calves Fed Milk Replacers With or Without Probiotics. J Dairy Sci 88, 2154-2165.

11. Utiyama C.E., Oetting L.L., Giani P.A., Ruiz U.D.S., Miyada V.S. (2006) Effects of antimicrobials, prebiotics, probiotics and herbal extracts on intestinal microbiology, diarrhea incidence and performance of weanling pigs. Braz J Anim Sci 35, 2359-2367.

12. Windisch W.M., Schedle K., Plitzner C., Kroismayr A. (2008). Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. J Anim Sci 86: 140-148.

13. Yohe T.T., O'Diam K.M., Daniels K.M. (2015) Growth, ruminal measurements, and health characteristics of Holstein bull calves fed an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract. J. Dairy Sci. 98, 6163-6175.

Claims (9)

Patent claims 1. Eubiotic for ruminants, especially calves, characterized by containing new strains of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus casei eub1 B, deposited under the number PKM B / 00103, and / or Lactobacillus salivarius eub2B, deposited under the number PKM B / 00102 and / or Lactobacillus sake eub3B, deposited under the number PKM B / 00101, and the water extract of thyme Thymus vulgaris L and / or the water extract of the common ringworm Origanum vulgare, the probiotic being composed of 10 to 30% w / w, preferably 20% w / w / in the cell biomass of probiotic bacteria in the dry weight of eubiotics, fixed by the drying method, and aqueous herbal extracts constitute from 30 to 90% w / w in its dry weight, preferably 80% w / w. 2. Eubiotic according to claim The method of claim 1, characterized in that the probiotic bacteria are introduced into it in a dry, loose form. 3. Eubiotic according to claim A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the aqueous herbal extracts are incorporated into the eubiotic in a dry, loose form, preferably in a 1: 1 ratio. 4. Eubiotic according to claim 1 A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the herbal and bacterial components of the preparation are mixed together and the whole is in a loose form. 5. Eubiotic according to claim 1 A method according to any of the preceding claims, for administration to animals in loose or liquid form. 6. Eubiotic according to claim A product according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a standalone product or is added to a milk replacer or milk or water or to functional feed additives. 7. Eubiotic according to claim 3. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, which is soluble in water, milk and milk replacer. 8. A method for feeding ruminants, especially calves, characterized in that the animals are treated with the eubiotic as disclosed in claim 1. 1 to 7 in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0 g, preferably 1.25 g per day per animal. 9. The feeding method according to claim 1 8, characterized in that the eubiotic according to claim 8 1 is administered to young animals, especially in the period from 0 to 56 days of age.