PL90385B1 - - Google Patents
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- PL90385B1 PL90385B1 PL16433373A PL16433373A PL90385B1 PL 90385 B1 PL90385 B1 PL 90385B1 PL 16433373 A PL16433373 A PL 16433373A PL 16433373 A PL16433373 A PL 16433373A PL 90385 B1 PL90385 B1 PL 90385B1
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- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- ndt
- reduction
- echo
- determined
- Prior art date
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005945 translocation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób oznaczania temperatury kruchliwosci ferrytyczno-perlitycznej stali konstrukcyjnej, który nadaje sie do stosowa¬ nia zwlaszcza przy stali konstrukcyjnej i stali do budowy statków.The invention relates to a method of marking ferritic-pearlitic brittleness temperature structural steel that is suitable for use especially for structural steel and steel up to shipbuilding.
Do oznaczania temperatury kruchosci stali konstrukcyjnej, która musi byc znana dla oceny wspólczynnika bezpieczenstwa przelomu kruchego konstrukcji stalowych oraz przy wyborze stali, do¬ tychczas stosowano wylacznie mechaniczne metody kontroli, jak udarnosciowa próba zginania, a w ostatnim czasie równiez nowoczesne sposoby, jak próba Felliniego z obciaznikiem opadowym, test Robertson'a i próba wykonania dwóch zabiegów ciagnienia w czasie pojedynczego skoku prasy.For the determination of the brittle temperature of steel construction which must be known for evaluation the brittle fracture safety factor steel structures and when choosing steel, do¬ at that time only mechanical methods were used control, such as the impact bending test, and in recently also modern ways as Fellini's test with drop weight, test Robertson and an attempt to perform two treatments drawing during a single press stroke.
Zasadnicze wady wszystkich dotychczasowych metod kontroli polegaja glównie na wzglednie du¬ zym koszcie badania, wynikajacym z mechanicz¬ nej obróbki i kontroli wielu próbek, na stracie ma¬ terialu pobranego do prób oraz jedynie na wyryw¬ kowej kontroli temperatury kruchosci stali kon¬ strukcyjnej, a tym samym na niepewnosci nie- skontrolowanycli partii materialu oraz na braku mozliwosci kontroli temperatury kruchosci goto¬ wych juz elementów konstrukcji ze wzgledu na niemozliwosc pobrania próbek.The main disadvantages of all the existing ones control methods rely mainly on relatively large low cost of the test, resulting from the mechanical processing and control of many samples, with little loss material taken for testing and only on a snippet control of the brittleness temperature of steel structural, and thus the uncertainty of batch of material inspected and missing the ability to control the temperature of the brittleness of the boil already existing elements of the structure due to no sampling possible.
Celem wynalazku jest wyeliminowanie przelo¬ mów kruchych i tym samym usuniecie niebezpie¬ czenstwa przypadków uszkodzen budowli stalowych, statków i obiektów wykonanych ze stali konstruk¬ cyjnej.The object of the invention is to eliminate the translocation brittle speeches and thus remove the dangers frequent cases of damage to steel structures, ships and structures made of structural steel ction.
Zadaniem wynalazku jest natomiast takie udo¬ skonalenie sposobu oznaczania temperatury kru¬ chosci stali konstrukcyjnej ferrytyczno-perlitycznej, które (pozwoliloby nie tylko na stosowanie tego spo¬ sobu zarówno dla pólfabrykatów, jak blachy, tas¬ my, ksztaltowniki i rury, jak i dla gotowych ele¬ mentów lub czesci konstrukcyjnych, bez zniszcze¬ nia przedmiotu poddanego badaniu, co mozna prze¬ prowadzic np. kontrola za pomoca ultradzwieków ale równiez umozliwialoby jego stosowanie nieza¬ leznie od grubosci materialu.The object of the invention is, however, such a thigh improvement of the method for determining the temperature of the crowds the demand of ferritic-pearlitic structural steel, which (would allow not only the use of this process for both semi-finished products and sheet metal, tas we, shapes and pipes, as well as for ready-made parts structural parts or parts without damage the object under examination, which can be changed conduct e.g. control with ultrasound but it would also allow its use independently depending on the thickness of the material.
Stwierdzono, ze istnieje liniowa zaleznosc miedzy temperatura kruchosci stali (NDT) a wspólczynni¬ kiem tlumienia dzwieku, oznaczonym za pomoca ultradzwiekowych pomiarów tlumienia przy wyso¬ kich czestotliwosciach, okreslonym wzorem 20ll'g Hn Hn+1 2 d dR/mm, w którym Hn Hn+1 oznacza stosunek dwóch kolejnych wysokos¬ ci pików echa na ekranie aparatu kontrolnego, d oznacza grubosc materialu w mm. Zaleznosc miedzy tymi dwoma parametrami moze byc spro¬ wadzona do wielkosci ziarna stali. 90 385«385 Powyzsze zaleznosci ilustruje rysunek, gdzie fig. 1 przedstawia zaleznosc miedzy wspólczynnikiem tlumienia ultradzwieków oznaczonym symbolem a podanym w 10-2 diB/mm, a temperatura kruchosci stali (NDT) podana w °C; fig. 2 — spadek wyso¬ kosci pików echa próby kontrolnej, a fig. 3 — spadek wysokosci echa próbek o róznej tempera¬ turze kruchosci (NDT), z tym, ze dla przejrzystos¬ ci wykresu pominieto wykreslenie pików, przy' czym linia ciagla oznaczona liczba 3 wskazuje zmniejszenie sie wysokosci echa próby porównaw¬ czej, a linie przerywane 1 i 2 przedstawiaja wy¬ sokosci echa próbek badanych.It has been found that there is a linear relationship between brittleness temperature (NDT) of steel and its coefficient sound attenuator, indicated by ultrasonic attenuation measurements at high different frequencies, with a specific pattern 20ll'g Hn Hn + 1 2 d dR / mm in which Hn Hn + 1 is the ratio of two consecutive high values echo peaks on the screen of the control apparatus, d is the material thickness in mm. Dependence between these two parameters there may be a question based on the size of the steel grain. 90 385 «385 The above relationships are illustrated in the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows the relationship between the coefficient ultrasonic suppression marked with the symbol a given in 10-2 diB / mm, and the brittle temperature steel (NDT) in ° C; Fig. 2 shows the decrease in height the bones of the echo peaks of the control sample, and Fig. 3 - decrease in the echo height of samples with different temperatures the turn of brittleness (NDT), but for the sake of clarity in the plot, the diagrams of peaks were omitted, what the continuous line marked with number 3 indicates decrease in the echo height of the comparative test and the dashed lines 1 and 2 represent the results echo of the tested samples.
Oznaczenie temperatury kruchosci stali sposobem wedlug wynalazku przeprowadza sie nastepujaco: najpierw oznacza sie temperature kruchosci ga¬ tunku stali za pomoca wiekszej liczby prób, metoda próby z obciaznikiem opadowym wedlug Pelliniego lub innymi metodami 'badania mechanicznego kru¬ chego przelomu, np. udarnosciowa próba zginania próbki z karbem. W takich samych partiach to¬ waru tego gatunku stali oznacza sie nastepnie tlumienie ultradzwieków metoda echa i wykresla krzywa porównawcza * wspólczynnika tlumienia dzwieków, przeprowadzonego metoda nieniszczaca, przedstawiona na rysunku fig. 1.Determination of the brittleness temperature of steel by the method according to the invention, the following is carried out: first the temperature of brittleness is determined steel with more trials, method tests with the drop weight according to Pellini or by other methods of mechanical examination of the crow some breakthrough, e.g. impact bending test notched samples. In the same parts to¬ conditions of this steel grade are marked next suppression of ultrasounds by echo and graph method comparison curve * of the damping factor sounds, carried out by a non-destructive method, shown in Fig. 1.
Do przeprowadzenia dalszych badan przedmiotów z tych gatunków stali, dla których wyznaczono krzywe porównawcze, wystarczy juz tylko sam po¬ miar tlumienia ultradzwieków, aby za pomoca tej wartosci odczytac z wykresu krzywej porównaw¬ czej, temperature kruchosci (NDT). Tak wiec sto¬ sowanie pomiarów tlumienia ultradzwieków przy dysponowaniu ustalonymi krzywymi wzorcowania stali o róznej jakosci umozliwia bardzo szybkie okreslenie temperatury kruchosci badanej stali z duza niezawodnoscia i przy minimalnym nakladzie srodków.To conduct further research on items of those steel grades for which it has been designated comparative curves, just after ultrasonic attenuation measure to get using this read the values from the comparison curve diagram more commonly, the brittle temperature (NDT). So here it is using ultrasonic attenuation measurements at having established calibration curves available steel of different quality enables very fast determination of the brittleness temperature of the tested steel z high reliability and with minimum effort means.
Dla stosowania i praktycznego wykorzystania sposobu wedlug wynalazku podaje sie dalsze roz¬ wiazanie.For application and practical use of the method according to the invention, further details are given tie.
.Jak wyzej podano, z porównania przebiegu zmniejsza sie wysokosc pików echa prób stali o róznych temperaturach kruchosci (NDT) mozna uzyskac powtarzalne dane odnosnie temperatury przelomu kruchego. (Wynika stad ze dysponujac wykresem ilustrujacym ilosciowo spadek wysokosci piku echa na przyrzadzie kontrolnym dla próbki stali o uprzednio oznaczonej temperaturze kruchos¬ ci (NDT) mozna natychmiast uzyskac dane odnosnie przydatnosci -badanego wyrobu przez porównanie przebiegu spadku wysokosci pików echa badanego wyrobu z przebiegiem * spadku wysokosci pików krzywej wzorcowej.As stated above, from the mileage comparison the height of the echo peaks of steel tests decreases by different brittleness temperatures (NDT) can obtain reproducible temperature data brittle turn. (It follows from having a graph quantitatively illustrating the drop in height echo peak on the sample control steel with a predetermined temperature brittle you (NDT) you can immediately obtain the relevant data suitability of the tested product by comparison the course of the drop in height of the echo peaks product with a course * of peak height drop standard curve.
W praktycznym zastosowaniu ta uproszczona me¬ toda ma te zalete ze przez stosowanie krzywych porównawczych mozna ustalic na obiekcie bada¬ nym za pomoca obrazu na ekranie fluoryzujacym przyrzadu typu US, bezposrednie rozstrzygniecie o uzytkowosci badanej stali Przy znajomosci przebiegu wspólczynnika tlu- mienia dla okreslonych grubosci próbek i róznych temperatur przelomu, kruchego mozna natychmiast przestawic badania na inna temperature przelomu kruchego przez wymiane skali obliczeniowej osa¬ dzonej na ekranie lumihiscencyjnym przyrzadu.In practical application, this simplified media toda also has the advantage of using curves comparative points can be established on the test site using an image on a fluorescent screen device of the US type, direct decision about utility of the tested steel With the knowledge of the course of the tlu- property for specific thicknesses and various samples breakthrough temperatures can be brittle immediately switch the research to a different breakthrough temperature fragile by the exchange of the computational scale of the osp on the luminaire screen of the device.
Ponadto mozliwe jest zastosowanie zamiast wzor¬ ców porównawczych bezposrednich prób porów¬ nawczych ze znana temperatura kruchliwosci (NDT) oraz otrzymanie wyniku przez bezposrednie po¬ równania wskazan obrazu na ekranie fluoryzuja- cym.Moreover, it is possible to use instead of the formula comparative tests of direct comparison tests additives with known brittleness temperature (NDT) and obtaining the result by direct the equations of the image indications on the screen fluoresce- cym.
Interpretacje wyników przeprowadzonych IJatfan przedstawia wyzej objasniony wytaes podany na rysunku fig. 3; a wiec jesli temperatura kruchosci (NDT) badanego obiektu jest lepsza od próby kon- trolnej, to wysokosci spadku echa próby badanej sa mniejsze niz próby kontrolnej ilustruje je krzy- ' wa 1, natomiast jesli temperatura kruchosci (NDT) badanego obiektu jest gorsza niz próby kontrolnej, to wysokosci spadku pików echa próby badanej przedstawione krzywa 2 beda wieksze niz próby kontrolnej przedstawione krzywa 3.Interpretations of the results carried out by IJatfan shows the above-explained statement at Figure 3; so if the temperature of brittleness (NDT) of the tested object is better than the con- is the height of the echo drop of the test sample are smaller than the control sample illustrated by the cross- ' wa 1, but if the brittle temperature (NDT) the tested object is worse than the control sample, is the height of the drop height of the echo peaks of the test sample curve 2 shown will be larger than samples on the control curve 3.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD16488572A DD100558A1 (en) | 1972-08-07 | 1972-08-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL90385B1 true PL90385B1 (en) | 1977-01-31 |
Family
ID=5487748
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL16433373A PL90385B1 (en) | 1972-08-07 | 1973-07-27 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DD (1) | DD100558A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO137921C (en) |
| PL (1) | PL90385B1 (en) |
-
1972
- 1972-08-07 DD DD16488572A patent/DD100558A1/xx unknown
-
1973
- 1973-07-18 NO NO292873A patent/NO137921C/en unknown
- 1973-07-27 PL PL16433373A patent/PL90385B1/pl unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DD100558A1 (en) | 1973-09-20 |
| NO137921B (en) | 1978-02-06 |
| NO137921C (en) | 1978-05-24 |
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