PL96294B1 - CERAMIC PLASTIC, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MACHINE COMPONENTS AND EQUIPMENT - Google Patents
CERAMIC PLASTIC, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MACHINE COMPONENTS AND EQUIPMENT Download PDFInfo
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- PL96294B1 PL96294B1 PL18329875A PL18329875A PL96294B1 PL 96294 B1 PL96294 B1 PL 96294B1 PL 18329875 A PL18329875 A PL 18329875A PL 18329875 A PL18329875 A PL 18329875A PL 96294 B1 PL96294 B1 PL 96294B1
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- Prior art keywords
- weight
- oxide
- production
- zirconium
- equipment
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Description
Przedmiotem wynalazku jest material ceramiczny korundowo-cyrkonowy stosowany do wytwarzania topionoodlewanych wyrobów, elementów maszyn i urzadzen, których powierzchnia narazona jest na intensywne dzialanie scierajace czynnika zewnetrznego, na przyklad transportowanego materialu sypkiego lub zawiesiny ciala stalego w cieczy.The present invention relates to a zirconium alumina ceramic used in the manufacture melt-cast products, machine elements and devices, the surface of which is exposed to intense heat the abrasive action of an external medium, for example a transported bulk material or a suspension solid in liquid.
Stosowane obecnie zeliwo lub staliwo wysokostopowe na elementy wykladzinowe urzadzen transportowych i hydraulicznych, wskutek stosunkowo niskiej twardosci i malej odpornosci na scieranie ulega pod dzialaniem materialu tracego i cieczy, procesom szybkiej erozji oraz korozji. Równiez wykorzystywanie do tego celu tworzywa szklano-krystaliczne (opis patentowy nr 70564), które charakteryzuja sie znacznie korzystniejszymi wlasnosciami mechanicznymi, na skutek znacznej kruchosci, utrudniajacej mocowanie tych elementów oraz obnizajacej odpornosci na obciazenia udarowe, a ponadto z uwagi na stosunkowo wysoki koszt wytwarzania nie znalazly szerszego zastosowania w charakterze tworzyw trudnoscieralnych.Currently used cast iron or high-alloy cast steel for lining elements of devices transport and hydraulic systems, due to the relatively low hardness and low abrasion resistance, it undergoes under the action of losing material and liquid, processes of rapid erosion and corrosion. Also use for for this purpose, glass-crystalline materials (Patent Specification No. 70564), which are significantly characterized with more favorable mechanical properties, due to the considerable brittleness, making it difficult to fix these elements and lowering resistance to shock loads, and also due to the relatively high cost of production, they have not found wider application as abrasion-resistant materials.
Znane sa równiez topione tworzywa ceramiczne, z których wytwarzane sa obecnie wylacznie elementy ogniotrwale przeznaczone na wykladziny pieców i urzadzen hutniczych narazonych na dzialanie wysokiej temperatury. Materialy te, których produkt wyjsciowy stanowi mieszanina tlenków glinu, krzemu i cyrkonu z nieznacznym dodatkiem azotanu sodu, fluorku wapnia oraz tlenków pierwiastków ziem rzadkich (opis patentowy nr 76762), wzglednie oparte na zwiazkach magnezowych (opis patentowy nr 71416) lub fosforowych (opis patentowy nr 71133), cechuja bardzo dobre wlasnosci ogniotrwale, zwiekszona odpornosc na erozje i korozje oraz wstrzasy cieplne.There are also known fused ceramics from which only elements are now produced refractories intended for linings of furnaces and metallurgical devices exposed to high temperature. Those materials whose starting product is a mixture of aluminum, silicon and zirconium oxides with a slight addition of sodium nitrate, calcium fluoride and oxides of rare earth elements (description Patent No. 76762), relatively based on magnesium compounds (Patent No. 71416) or phosphorus compounds (patent description No. 71133), characterized by very good refractory properties, increased resistance to erosion and corrosion and thermal shock.
Zasadnicza wada materialów ceramicznych uniemozliwiajacych ich bezposrednie zastosowanie do wyrobu elementów maszyn i urzadzen jest niska odpornosc na scieranie oraz znaczna kruchosc spowodowane skladem chemicznym mieszanki wsadowej oraz budowa wewnetrzna tworzywa, którego przeznaczenie jest zupelnie inne.The main disadvantage of ceramic materials that prevent their direct application to the product elements of machines and devices is low wear resistance and considerable brittleness caused by the composition chemical of the feed mixture and the internal structure of the material, the purpose of which is completely different.
Cechy te dla materialów ogniotrwalych maja znaczenie drugorzedne.These characteristics are of secondary importance for refractory materials.
W trakcie badan topioodlewanych tworzyw korundowo-cyrkonowych niespodziewanie stwierdzono, ze material ten, po wprowadzeniu modyfikatora w postaci tlenków sodu, tytanu i magnezu, staje sie bardzo dobrym tworzywem konstrukcyjnym o wysokiej twardosci i bardzo duzej odpornosci na scieranie.2 96 294 Mieszanka wsadowa dla otrzymywania tworzywa ceramicznego wedlug wynalazku zawiera wagowo: . 45-50% tlenku cyrkonu (Zr02) 38-43% tlenku glinu (Al203) 9-12% tlenku krzemu (Si02) Ponadto do mieszanki wsadowej, wzglednie w trakcie prowadzenia wytopu, wprowadza sie modyfikatory w nastepujacych ilosciach: 0,3- 0,8% wagowych tlenku sodu (Na2 O) 0,5—10% wagowych tlenku tytanu (Ti02) 0,3— 0,5% wagowych tlenku magnezu (MgO) obliczonych w stosunku do masy pozostalych skladników mieszanki wsadowej.During the research of melted corundum-zirconium materials, it was surprisingly found that this material, after introducing a modifier in the form of sodium, titanium and magnesium oxides, becomes very good construction material with high hardness and very high abrasion resistance. 2 96 294 The batch mixture for the preparation of the ceramic material according to the invention comprises by weight: 45-50% zirconium oxide (Zr02) 38-43% aluminum oxide (Al203) 9-12% silicon oxide (Si02) Moreover, modifiers are introduced into the batch mixture, or during the smelting process in the following amounts: 0.3- 0.8% by weight of sodium oxide (Na2O) 0.5-10% by weight of titanium oxide (TiO2) 0.3-0.5% by weight of magnesium oxide (MgO) calculated on the weight of the other ingredients in the feed mixture.
Tak przygotowana mieszanke wsadowa topi sie w temperaturze 2050-2250°C, az do uzyskania jednorodnej masy cieklej. Plynny produkt spuszcza sie bezposrednio do podstawionej pod piec formy.The thus prepared batch mixture is melted at a temperature of 2050-2250 ° C until it is obtained a homogeneous liquid mass. The liquid product is drained directly into the form placed under the oven.
P r z y k l a d. Zmieszanki wsadowej o nastepujacym skladzie: 40% wagowych technicznego tlenku glinu/ 11 % wagowych piasku kwarcowego (Al2 03) 49% wagowych tlenku cyrkonu (Zr02) oraz dodatek modyfikatorów w ilosci: 3% wagowych tlenu tytanu (Ti02) 0,5% wagowych tlenku sodu (Na2 O) 0,3% wagowych tlenku magnezu (MgO) wykonano topiono-odlewane koncówki wylotowe hydrocyklonów odpiaszczajacych, które w czasie pracy narazone sa na intensywne dzialanie scierajace. Wytop prowadzono w elektrycznym piecu lukowym w temperaturze 2100°C.P r z y k l a d. A batch mixture with the following composition: 40% by weight of technical aluminum oxide / 11 wt% quartz sand (Al2 03) 49% by weight of zirconium oxide (Zr02) and the addition of modifiers in the amount of: 3 wt% oxygen titanium (TiO2) 0.5% by weight of sodium oxide (Na2O) 0.3% by weight of magnesium oxide (MgO) fused-cast outlet ends of desanding hydrocyclones were made, which during operation are subject to intense abrasive action. Melting was carried out in an electric hatch furnace at a temperature of 2100 ° C.
Z wyprodukowanej serii wyrobów pobrano próby, które posiadaly nastepujace wlasnosci: porowatosc otwarta — 0,9% wytrzymalosc na sciskanie — 4000 kG/cm2 gestosc pozorna — 3,8 g/cm3 odpornosc na scieranie próbek tworzywa bedacego przedmiotem wynalazku oznaczona metoda równoleglego scierania tarczami karkorundowymi próbek ceramicznych i stalowych jest wielokrotnie wyzsza, niz odpornosc stali. Nastepnie koncówki te zabudowano do hydrocyklonów pracujacych w warunkach ruchowych w kopalni.Samples with the following properties were taken from the series of products produced: open porosity - 0.9% compressive strength - 4000 kg / cm2 apparent density - 3.8 g / cm3 The abrasion resistance of samples of the material being the subject of the invention is determined by the parallel method abrasion of ceramic and steel samples with carborundum discs is many times higher than the resistance steel. Then, these terminals were built into hydrocyclones operating in the operating conditions in the mine.
Ich zywotnosc spowodowana wzrostem odpornosci na scieranie jest kilkanascie razy wyzsza w stosunku do stosowanych obecnie koncówek metalowych. Drobnokrystaliczna struktura tworzywa oraz równomierny rozklad krysztalów w calej masie wplywaja ponadto korzystnie na twardosc i odpornosc na uderzenie wyrobów i elementów maszyn.Their service life caused by the increase in abrasion resistance is several times higher than metal tips used today. The fine-crystalline structure of the material and even distribution In addition, crystals in the whole mass have a positive effect on the hardness and impact resistance of the products and machine components.
Tworzywo ceramiczne wedlug przedmiotowego wynalazku moze znalezc zastosowanie do produkcji dowolnego ksztaltu maszyn i urzadzen jak na przyklad czesci do hydrocyklonów, kompletne cyklony, elementów wykladzinowych zsuwni, podajników, rurociagów oraz wszelkiego rodzaju zbiorników itp.According to the present invention, the ceramic material can be used for production machines and devices of any shape, such as parts for hydrocyclones, complete cyclones, lining elements of chutes, feeders, pipelines and all kinds of tanks, etc.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL18329875A PL96294B1 (en) | 1975-09-11 | 1975-09-11 | CERAMIC PLASTIC, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MACHINE COMPONENTS AND EQUIPMENT |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL18329875A PL96294B1 (en) | 1975-09-11 | 1975-09-11 | CERAMIC PLASTIC, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MACHINE COMPONENTS AND EQUIPMENT |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL96294B1 true PL96294B1 (en) | 1977-12-31 |
Family
ID=19973536
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL18329875A PL96294B1 (en) | 1975-09-11 | 1975-09-11 | CERAMIC PLASTIC, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MACHINE COMPONENTS AND EQUIPMENT |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| PL (1) | PL96294B1 (en) |
-
1975
- 1975-09-11 PL PL18329875A patent/PL96294B1/en unknown
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