RS65227B1 - Zavarivanje grlića - Google Patents

Zavarivanje grlića

Info

Publication number
RS65227B1
RS65227B1 RS20240229A RSP20240229A RS65227B1 RS 65227 B1 RS65227 B1 RS 65227B1 RS 20240229 A RS20240229 A RS 20240229A RS P20240229 A RSP20240229 A RS P20240229A RS 65227 B1 RS65227 B1 RS 65227B1
Authority
RS
Serbia
Prior art keywords
ribs
plastic
outer edges
neck
welding
Prior art date
Application number
RS20240229A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Cortina Ramón Pradas
I Arbusà Marti Nogué
Morujo Carlos Almor
Torres Luis Alberto Santini
Original Assignee
Georg Menshen Gmbh & Co Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georg Menshen Gmbh & Co Kg filed Critical Georg Menshen Gmbh & Co Kg
Publication of RS65227B1 publication Critical patent/RS65227B1/sr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/003—Protecting areas of the parts to be joined from overheating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/234—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being in the form of tessellations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30223—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5326—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53261—Enclosing tubular articles between substantially flat elements
    • B29C66/53262—Enclosing spouts between the walls of bags, e.g. of medical bags
    • B29C66/53263—Enclosing spouts between the walls of bags, e.g. of medical bags said spouts comprising wings, e.g. said spouts being of ship-like or canoe-like form to avoid leaks in the corners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/74—Auxiliary operations
    • B31B50/81—Forming or attaching accessories, e.g. opening devices, closures or tear strings
    • B31B50/84—Forming or attaching means for filling or dispensing contents, e.g. valves or spouts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
    • B65B61/18—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for making package-opening or unpacking elements
    • B65B61/186—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for making package-opening or unpacking elements by applying or incorporating rigid fittings, e.g. discharge spouts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7128—Bags, sacks, sachets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/52—Details
    • B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
    • B65D75/5861—Spouts
    • B65D75/5872—Non-integral spouts
    • B65D75/5883—Non-integral spouts connected to the package at the sealed junction of two package walls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)

Description

Opis
Pronalazak se odnosi na postupak zavarivanja grlića sa predelom za zavarivanje na kome se nalaze rebra, za prostor između fleksibilnih plastičnih folija pakovanja u vidu kese, pri čemu se spoljašnje ivice rebara predela za zavarivanje zagrevaju do temperature topljenja i u rastopljenom stanju stavljaju između ivičnih oblasti plastičnih folija, a folije se pritiskaju uz spoljašnje ivice rebara.
Iz patenta DE 10 2006 030 234 A1 poznato je da se grlić (eng. spout) zagreva i u zagrejanom stanju umeće u otvor plastične kese. Zatim se grlić u umetnutom stanju, pod dodatnim dotokom toplote, zavarivanjem spaja za kesu u predelu otvora.
Ovakav postupak iziskuje dosta vremena i rada.
Sličan postupak poznat je iz patenta WO 2009/094215 A2. U ovom slučaju, glatke površine zavarenog šava obuhvataju udubljenja ili rupe kako bi se time oslabili uticaji gasova između površina koje treba spojiti.
Postupak za zavarivanje grlića sa predelom na kome se nalaze rebra za prostor između fleksibilnih plastičnih folija pakovanja u vidu kese poznat je iz patenta DE 20 2011 001356 U1, pri čemu se spoljašnje ivice rebara predela za zavarivanje zagrevaju do temperature topljenja, a folije se pritiskaju uz spoljašnje ivice rebara.
Zadatak predmetnog pronalaska jeste da poboljša postupak zavarivanja grlića za kesu tako da se uz minimalne troškove proizvodnje, vremena i energije dostigne veoma kvalitetan zaptiven spoj između kese pakovanja i grlića.
Zadatak se prema predmetnom pronalasku rešava karakteristikama navedenim u patentnom zahtevu 1.
Prilikom ovog postupka, do temperature topljenja ne zagreva se ceo grlić, već samo spoljašnje ivice rebara što stoje uspravno na grliću. Dovoljno je da toplotno zračenje, ograničeno samo na spoljašnju stranu grlića, traje veoma kratko, dok ne počnu da se tope spoljašnje rebraste ivice.
Prema predmetnom pronalasku, spoljašnje ivice rebara se prilikom pritiskanja uz zid folija u rastopljenom stanju deformišu tako da im poprečni presek zadobija oblik slova T, da bi se na taj način formirala uvećana kontaktna površina na koju naleže zid folije.
Velika kontaktna površina koja je rezultat stvaranja kontaktnih mesta za zavarivanje u obliku slova T naročito je pogodna za prenošenje sila na puno pakovanje bez opasnosti od cepanja. Ovo je naročito važno za pakovanja u vidu monomaterijalne polietilenske kese jer se ovim obezbeđuje neophodna čvrstoća zahvaljujući slojevima od različitih vrsta polietilena. Takođe se može postići visok nivo čistoće same vrste plastike pakovanja u vidu kese.
Naročito se predlaže da rebra koja stoje uspravno sa spoljašnje strane u predelu za zavarivanje obrazuju između sebe veliki broj komora za prijem rastopljenog plastičnog materijala. Komore sa sigurnošću prihvataju potisnuti rastop, pri čemu je poželjno da veličina komora odgovara zapremini potisnute mase tako da se obrazuje glatka površina između folije i grlića odnosno elementa za zavarivanje, a samim tim idealni vizuelni utisak glatke površine sa spoljašnje strane. U tom smislu, vertikalni poprečni presek komora može biti u obliku kruga, ovala, pravougaonika ili romba.
Poželjno je da predeo za zavarivanje na grliću obrazuje rebra čije se spoljašnje ivice tope prilikom zagrevanja, dok se unutrašnje površine folija kese pritiskaju uz rastopljene spoljašnje ivice. Nadalje se predlaže da se grlić i barem unutrašnje površine ivičnih zona folije sastoje od iste plastike ili od iste vrste plastike.
Prethodno navedene prednosti se optimalno postižu kad se zagrevanje spoljašnjih ivica rebara u predelu za zavarivanje do temperature topljenja odvija bez kontakta pomoću toplotnog zračenja ili laserskog snopa. Ovim se takođe umanjuje pojava pare i gasova prilikom zagrevanja.
Primeri realizacije predela za zavarivanje na grliću prema ovom pronalasku prikazani su u perspektivi na crtežima. Prikazane su:
Sl. 1 oblast za zavarivanje sa četiri vodoravna rebra sa međuprostorima,
Sl. 2 oblast za zavarivanje sa četiri vodoravna rebra sa bočno zatvorenim međuprostorima,
Sl. 3 oblast za zavarivanje sa mnoštvom pravougaonih komora otvorenih ka spolja, Sl. 4 oblast zavarivanja sa mnoštvom pravougaonih komora otvorenih ka spolja, različitih veličina,
Sl. 5 oblast zavarivanja sa mnoštvom romboidnih komora otvorenih ka spolja, Sl. 6 oblast zavarivanja sa mnoštvom prstenastih komora otvorenih ka spolja, Sl. 7 oblast zavarivanja sa mnoštvom kružnih komora otvorenih ka spolja.
Pronalazak se odnosi na grlić od plastike za pakovanja u vidu kesa, kakva su opisana, recimo, u patentu DE 10 2007 029 541 A1 i patentu DE 10 2010 006 426 B4. U priloženim crtežima sl. 1 do sl.7 predstavljena je samo oblast 1 za zavarivanje u obliku brodića, čiji je oblik prilagođen izlivenom grliću u vidu cevi, koji se može zatvoriti nekim navojnim zatvaračem koji se svojim unutrašnjim navojem može zavrnuti na spoljašnji navoj izlivenog grlića.
Ovakav grlić se svojom oblašću 1 za zavarivanje vari za prostor između dva bočna zida plastične kese. Za tu svrhu, oblast za zavarivanje poseduje vodoravna, zakrivljena rebra 2 koja stoje uspravno na bočnim stranama (u odnosu na vertikalnu osu grlića u obliku cevi) uz čije spoljašnje ivice 3 se vari unutrašnja površina bočnih zidova kese. Kod realizacije prikazane na sl. 1, rebra 2 su sačinjena od četiri vodoravne površine 4 u obliku brodića ili romba, koje se nalaze na međusobnom paralelnom odstojanju, a između kojih su obrazovana tri međuprostora 5. Kroz središte ove četiri površine 4 prolazi izliveni grlić 6 u obliku cevi. Kod realizacije prikazane na sl.2, ova tri prostora 5 su s bočne strane zatvorena pomoću zidova za zatvaranje 7.
Kako bi se bočni zidovi pakovanja u vidu kese zavarili uz predeo 1 za zavarivanje na grliću, spoljašnje ivice 3 rebara 2 predela za zavarivanje se zagrevaju do temperature topljenja, pa se u rastopljenom stanju dovode između ivičnih oblasti kese od plastične folije, a folije se zatim pritisnu uz spoljašnje ivice 3 rebara 2. U ovom slučaju nije neophodno zagrevati čitav predeo za zavarivanje, već se zagrevaju isključivo spoljašnje ivice 3 rebara 2 sve dok se ne rastope. Pritom je od značaja da se spoljašnje ivice rebara u rastopljenom stanju prilikom pritiskanja uz unutrašnji zid folije deformišu tako da im poprečni presek zadobije oblik slova T, kako bi se time obrazovala veća površina na koju naleže unutrašnji zid folije.
Kod realizacija prikazanih na sl.3 do 7, dve vertikalne spoljašnje strane 9 oblasti 1 za zavarivanje obrazuju mnoštvo komora 8 u vidu udubljenja otvorenih ka spolja, svaka sa udubljenom vertikalnom ravnom površinom 8a dna i ivicom 8b koja okružuje površinu dna, čiji je oblik kružan, ovalan, pravougaoni ili romboidan, tako da su poprečni preseci komora u obliku kruga, ovala, pravougaonika ili romba. Na taj način su obe vertikalne spoljašnje strane 9 podeljene na mnoštvo komora otvorenih ka spolja, koje se, ravnomerno raspoređene, prevlače preko oblasti 1 za zavarivanje i koje među sobom obrazuju rebra 2 čije se spoljašnje ivice 3 tope, kako je prethodno navedeno. Prilikom pritiskanja bočnog zida kese na rebra 2, rastopljeni plastični materijal rebara 2 se potiskuje bočno u komore 8 tako da nakon toga spoljašnja površina 9, odnosno bočni zid predela za zavarivanje, sa unutrašnjim zidom kese od folije obrazuje ujednačeni sloj.
Broj, veličina, oblik i dubina komora 8 zavisi od toga koliki je rastopljeni plastični materijal koji je potrebno prihvatiti u komore. Optimalna funkcionalnost u pogledu stabilnosti se postiže kad nastane ravnomerna, neprekidna površina sačinjena od rastopljene plastike.
Od naročite je prednosti kada se spoljašnje ivice 3 rebara 2 u predelu za zavarivanje dovedu do temperature topljenja pod uticajem laserskog snopa. Alternativno, to se može postići i toplotnim zračenjem. U tu svrhu se postavljaju grejna tela duž kontura ivica 3. U oba slučaja zagrevanja maksimalno se sprečava nastanak pare i gasova.

Claims (6)

Patentni zahtevi
1. Postupak zavarivanja grlića sa oblašću (1) za zavarivanje na kome se nalaze rebra, za prostor između fleksibilnih plastičnih folija pakovanja u obliku kese, pri čemu se spoljašnje ivice (3) rebara (2) oblasti za zavarivanje zagrevaju do temperature topljenja i u rastopljenom stanju dovode između ivičnih oblasti plastičnih folija, a folije se pritiskaju uz spoljašnje ivice (3) rebara (2),
pri čemu se spoljašnje ivice (3) rebara (2) u rastopljenom stanju prilikom pritiskanja uz unutrašnji zid folije deformišu tako da im poprečni presek zadobije oblik slova T, kako bi se time obrazovala veća površina na koju naleže unutrašnji zid folije,
pri čemu se jedno-, dvo- ili višeslojne folije pakovanja u vidu kese sastoje od iste plastike ili iste vrste plastike kao i grlić i
pri čemu oblast (1) zavarivanja na grliću obrazuje rebra (2) čije se spoljašnje ivice tope prilikom zagrevanja, dok se unutrašnje površine folija kese pritiskaju uz rastopljene spoljašnje ivice (3).
2. Postupak prema patentnom zahtevu 1, naznačen time, što rebra (2) koja izlaze na spoljašnju stranu oblasti (1) za zavarivanje obrazuju između sebe mnoštvo komora (8) za prijem rastopljenog plastičnog materijala.
3. Postupak prema patentnom zahtevu 2, naznačen time, što je vertikalni poprečni presek komora (8) u obliku kruga, ovala, pravougaonika ili romba.
4. Postupak prema patentnom zahtevu 1, naznačen time, što su grlić i barem unutrašnje površine ivičnih oblasti folije sačinjeni od iste plastike ili iste vrste plastike.
5. Postupak prema jednom od prethodnih patentnih zahteva, naznačen time, što se plastika folija kod pakovanja u vidu kese i grlića sastoji od poliolefina, poželjno od polietilena ili polipropilena.
6. Postupak prema jednom od prethodnih patentnih zahteva, naznačen time, što se spoljne ivice (3) rebara (2) u predelu za zavarivanje zagrevaju do temperature topljenja bez kontakta pomoću toplotnog zračenja ili laserskog snopa.
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