RU2000700C1 - Device for smoking food products - Google Patents

Abstract

Use for smoking of fish products and meat products and synchronously with the ratchet movement of the damper installed in the recirculation manifold 6 il

Description

The invention relates to the fish processing and food industries, in particular to the technique of a cold or hot method for smoking fish products and meat products.

A device for smoking food products is known, comprising a thermally insulated chamber with a system for supplying and discharging a working smoke mixture in the form of supply and recirculation manifolds, a heater and a fan connected in series according to a recirculation circuit, a smoke generator and a distribution mechanism of the smoke-air mixture made in the form of two rotating dampers installed in two inlet manifolds mutually perpendicular and alternately changing their cross section. In this case, the smoke-air mixture is directed alternately from one side wall to another, washing the containers with the processed product in a stream.

A device for smoking food products is known which comprises a thermally insulated chamber with a system for supplying and discharging the working mixture in the form of supply and recirculation manifolds, a fan, a smoke generator, and a distribution mechanism in the form of a two-section cross damper.

The disadvantage of these devices is that their distribution mechanisms do not provide uniform processing of products throughout the chamber volume, which reduces the quality of the product and the processing intensity. This is explained by the fact that the upper parts of the product containers are processed with the working mixture at almost all positions of the shutters, when the bulk of the working mixture is directed towards the camera from one supply air manifold or two collectors, and the lower parts of the containers are processed only at some positions of the shutters and the processing time is much lower.

A device for smoking food products is also known, comprising a thermally insulating chamber with a system for supplying and discharging the working mixture in the form of supply and recirculation manifolds, a heater, a fan, a smoke generator and a distribution mechanism made in the form of a damper installed at the junction of the fan with inflow collectors with the possibility of rocking movement by means of a gear-rocker mechanism.

Such a design creates a more uniform processing of the product along the cross section of the chamber, since a smooth transition of the main flow of the working mixture from one supply box to another is created.

However, in this design, the nozzles of the intake manifolds have a fixed direction, which creates uneven processing of food products throughout the volume of the working chamber, and therefore

Does not provide the required product quality. In addition, the flow of the working mixture through the nozzles decreases as they move away from the intake manifolds, which creates additional non-uniformity of the aerodynamic mode.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of products and the intensification of the process by ensuring the redistribution of the working mixture throughout the chamber and uniform processing of food products

The goal is achieved in that in a device for smoking food products containing a thermally insulating chamber with a system for supplying and discharging the working mixture in the form of supply and recirculation manifolds, a heater, a fan, a smoke generator and a distribution mechanism made in the form of a damper installed with with the possibility of swinging movement by means of a control mechanism, each outlet of the supply air manifold is made of two parts: the first in the form of a supply box with a longitudinal hole along

5 along the entire length, which partially includes the second part, made in the form of a parallel mounted swivel pipe with nozzles and several longitudinal holes in the pipe connecting the internal volumes

0 of both parts along the entire length of the collector, with the possibility of synchronous vibrational-rotational movement of the pipe with nozzles of one intake manifold in antiphase with the pipe and nozzles of the other from the control mechanism with a drive also connected to a recirculation collector installed in the inlet box, rotary damper operating synchronously with the intake manifold for

0 alternately open - close exhaust openings placed in two rows in opposite directions

The proposed design provides a more uniform redistribution of the working mixture throughout the chamber due to the synchronization of the work of the rows of nozzles of the supply air manifolds and the rotary damper located at the inlet of the recirculation system. This is also facilitated by the presence at the outlet of the supply air manifold of an intermediate duct aligning the aerodynamic regime (pressure) along the entire length of the pipe, and therefore along the entire length of the chamber.

In FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for smoking food products, general view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA of FIG. 1 and the direction of flow of the smoke mixture; in FIG. 3 is a diagram of a control mechanism for turning nozzles and shutters; in FIG. 4 is a section BB of FIG. 1 (intake manifold device); in FIG. 5 - intake manifold; in FIG. 6 is a section BB of FIG. 5.

The device contains a thermally insulated two-row chamber 1 of a span type with hermetically sealed doors 2. Supply ducts 3 with nozzles 4 are attached to the ceiling of the chamber on both sides, and in the middle of the chamber is an inlet duct 5 with a rotary shutter 6, which are connected respectively to the supply 7 and recirculation 8 collectors. For the placement of the smoke containers 9 inside the smoking chamber 1 two suspension roads are provided 10. The intake manifolds 7 are connected to the fan 11. The fan drive is represented by an electric motor 12. The fan 11 is connected to the electric air heater 13 through a cone 14, which is connected to the pipe 15 for supplying smoke from a smoke generator (not shown). The air heater 13 is connected through a diffuser 16 to a recirculation manifold 8, inside of which are placed two dampers 17, controlled by the flow of air. The inlet duct 5 of the recirculation manifold 8 is also connected to an exhaust elbow 18 having a controlled flap 19. The rotations of the nozzles 4 of the supply manifolds and the flap 6 of the recirculation manifold are controlled by a crank mechanism. The drive mechanism 20 includes a gear motor 21. connected through a chain gear 22 with an asterisk 23, which is the carrier for levers 24, 26 and 25, 27, providing rotational movement of the pipe 28 and the oscillatory movement of the nozzles 4 and the shutter b in the supply and recirculation tional collectors. The pipe 28 is mounted in supports on the end walls of the chamber and in the middle is supported by locomotive supports 29.

The device operates as follows.

The working flue-air mixture in the device circulates in a closed circuit having two inflows and an outlet. The closed circuit is formed by the following elements: air heater 13, confuser 14, fan 11. air inlets with pipes 28 and nozzles 4, smoking chamber 1, inlet duct 5, recirculation manifold 8, diffuser 16 and air heater 13.

One inflow along arrow A adds fresh air to the closed circuit, and the second introduces smoke from the smoke generator into the closed circuit through the nozzle 15. An exhaust is provided for ejecting part of the spent mixture

0 elbow 18. The working mixture is heated in the air heater 13 to the required temperature and is pumped by the fan 11 through the intake manifolds, pipe 28 and nozzle 4 into the smoking chamber 1.

5 The movement of the mixture in the smoking chamber is controlled by the rotation of the nozzles of both supply manifolds that are out of phase relative to each other. The angle of rotation of the nozzles is 60 °. Nozzle movement speed: the full cycle of the round-trip oscillation is 1 min at 60 ° in 30 s. In this case, 0.75 cycles in time, the flow of the working mixture is directed to containers with products, and about 0.25 cycles of time

5 is directed down into the space between the container and the side wall, then the floor and then up through the containers.

At this moment, the openings of the inlet duct are open (FIG. 2). Approximate movement

The 0 flows of the working (smoke / air) mixture are also shown in Fig. 2, then after 30 seconds the direction of the flows of the smoke / air mixture changes symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis. The cycle time can be changed by changing the gear ratio of the chain drive, i.e. sprocket diameter 23.

In the intermediate position, both flows are directed towards each other through

0 containers, mixed in the middle part, and then move up to the exhaust openings.

The technical and economic effectiveness of the invention consists in

5 volume that the design of each inlet manifold, made in the form of two parts connected by a narrow longitudinal hole along almost the entire length, allows to obtain the same speed

0 smoke and air flows from all nozzles located in one row over the entire length of the chamber, even in 16-container ones, when the mixture is supplied at any point of the intake manifold. As a result of the process

5, smoked products, in particular fish, receive greater stability, and therefore better product quality along the entire length of the chamber.

The synchronous oscillatory movement of the nozzles of each intake manifold in antiphase and the direction of the flow of the working mixture (smoke-air) to the containers with fish can reduce the loss of smoke products, improve product quality, as well as reduce the consumption of wood pellets and smoking time, which

in turn, reduces energy costs for the whole smoking process.

(56) Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 957823, cl. A 23 V 4/044, 1980

The claims

DEVICE FOR SMOKING FOOD PRODUCTS, containing a thermally insulated chamber with a system for supplying and discharging a working mixture, including supply manifolds with supply boxes with nozzles and a recirculation collector with an inlet box, air heater. smoke generator. a fan and a distribution mechanism having a shutter installed in the inlet duct of the recirculation manifold with the possibility of swinging movement by means of a control me / 5 / 7J

1

FIG:

Khanism. characterized in that each supply manifold is provided with a rotary pipe with longitudinal holes located along its length, nozzles are placed on the rotary pipe, and the supply duct has a longitudinal slot for communicating with the cavity of the rotary pipe through its longitudinal holes, wherein the pipe is connected with a control mechanism for ensuring the rotation of the pipes in antiphase, synchronous with the swing motion of the flap of the inlet duct of the recirculation manifold.

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ABOUT

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FIG. 6