RU2000896C1 - Cutting tool - Google Patents

Description

(21) 500854 // OV

(22) 041191

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The invention relates to the machining of materials and can be used for ring drilling and cutting the internal cavity of parts.

A known method of cutting the internal cavities of parts, including pre-processing of this cavity and introducing into it a detachable tool installed with the possibility of turning, made in the form of rectangular sections with cutting teeth on one of the sides articulated by articulated pairs with a limited degree of mobility, while the tool is installed in the cavity with the placement of cutting teeth in the direction of mobility of the sections, and the lateral surfaces of the tooth are inclined at an acute angle to the surface of the rectangular section and.

Among the significant disadvantages of this method, it should be noted the following:

simultaneous input of cutting sections into operation, which increases the load on individual sections;

instability of the cutting tool during cutting, since it is installed as a deployable cantilever beam with a large overhang, not excluding vibration, which is especially noticeable with large diameters of the ring holes;

it is difficult to enter the cutting sections into the pre-processed annular cavity, since the rectangular sections scratch their teeth when introduced into the cavity along the core and damage its surface;

the accumulation of chips in the cutting zone, which reduces the stability of the tool during cutting and creates additional resistance for the tool.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the load on the tooth of the tool, increase its stability during cutting and ease of maintenance.

This is achieved by the fact that it is provided with a drive shaft, while one extreme section is installed with the possibility of free rotation on a rod mounted in the housing stationary, and the end section is connected by a flexible element with a shaft located diametrically on the other side of the rod and installed with the possibility of it rotation about its own axis and winding on it a flexible element secured by the second end to the end section, while a worm wheel and a worm are mounted on the shaft, which is connected by a storage clutch with a gear interacting with a dog mounted stationary near the drill, and internal cutting teeth are made in the wall of the housing, the hollows between which are communicated with the hollows between the cutting

elements at the end and at least one closed spiral groove over the entire wall thickness. In this case, the drill is equipped with a conical or cylindrical shank.

In Fig.1 annular drill, a General view; figure 2 is the same (with a tapered shank); in Fig.Z - the same. view A in figure 1; figure 4 is the same, view B in fig.Z. The core drill contains a housing of 1 in

in the form of a hollow body of revolution with cutting elements 2 at the end and a cutting element in the form of rectangular sections 3 with cutting teeth 4 on one of the large sides connected by hinges 5 to each other, a rod 6, a drive shaft 7 mounted in the housing. The extreme section 8 of the cutting tool is installed with the possibility of a free turn on the rod 6, mounted in the housing stationary, and

the end section 9 is connected by a flexible element 10 with a shaft 7. located diametrically on the other side of the rod and installed with the possibility of its rotation about its own axis and winding on it a flexible element 10. secured by the second end on the end section 9. In addition, on the shaft 7, a worm wheel 11 is installed with a worm 12, and the worm is connected to 12 using a safety clutch (for example, in the form of a set of ring springs or friction, consisting of a friction clutch 13 installed on the key 14, spring 15 with nut 16) s pole 17, it freely on the screw conductive seed ke 12

and a dog 18, fixed motionless near the drill.

In order to reduce the load on the tooth and remove chips from the cutting zone, at least one

a closed spiral groove 19, tapped to the entire wall thickness and acting as a chip conveyor, while the cutting elements 2 at the end face are connected with the internal cutting teeth 20, between

with which the chip has the ability to enter the spiral groove and further beyond the limits of the annular hole.

In addition, the cutting teeth 20 serve simultaneously for finishing the central shaft (core) along its outer surface and may be inclined to the longitudinal axis of the drill. For convenience of fastening the core drill, it may have a cylindrical 21 or 22 comic tail. For balancing provided

counterweight 23 secured with bolt 24.

The operation of the cutting tool is as follows.

To drill the annular hole, the safety clutch is disengaged, and the pawl 18 is disengaged from the gear 17. The annular drill is rotated by means of a cylindrical shank 21 or tapered shank 22, (The drive of the annular drill is not shown). The drill is balanced by means of a counterweight 23. secured by a bolt 24.

When processing an annular hole, the annular drill is simultaneously axially rotated and fed into the body of the workpiece (or the part is fed towards the drill). When cutting a drill into the body of the part, the end cutting elements 2 and the internal cutting tooth 20 process the annular cavity, while the chip passes through the troughs between the cutting elements 2 and the internal cutting teeth 20 and is continuously withdrawn from the cutting zone using a closed spiral groove 19. conveyor function. After processing the annular cavity without withdrawing the annular drill from the part, the core is cut. To do this, the rotation of the drill is stopped first, and the dog 18 is engaged with the gear 17, connected with the safety clutch with the sleeve 12. As shown in Fig. 1, the nut 16 compresses the spring 15. compresses the friction clutch 13, sliding on the key 14 to the gear 17, which provides the transmission of the calculated torque, which excludes the rupture of the flexible element 10 after the core cutting is completed. The drill is rotated again in order to cut the core, while sections 3, 8 and 9 with cutting teeth 4, connected by hinges 5. cut gradually into the workpiece, according to the invention 1. CUTTING TOOL, the body of which is made in the form hollow body of revolution, comprising a cutting element located on the periphery of the body, made in the form of rectangular sections articulated between each other with cutting teeth on one side, and a rod installed in the body, characterized in that the tool is provided en installed on the side of the case the cutting elements, the drive shaft inside the housing diametrically opposed

turning around relative 6. After each turn of the drill, a stationary dog 18 rotates one gear 17, which respectively turns the worm to 12, and through the worm wheel 11, rotation is transmitted to the drive shaft 7, onto which the flexible element 10 connected to end section 9. After core cutting, sections with cutting

teeth occupy the position conventionally shown in figure 4. At this moment, the safety clutch is activated, adjusted for a given torque, eliminating the breakage of the flexible element 10 (for example, a multi-strand cable).

After the cut core is drilled, the drill is ready for reuse, with the rectangular sections growing up and starting position (see Fig. 4). The cutting tool provides a reduction in the load on the cutting tooth of the tool due to the simultaneous introduction of a larger number of teeth, increasing

stability of the cutting tool, since the free end of the end section is connected by a flexible connection with the drive shaft, thereby reducing the convenience of maintenance due to conical or cylindrical tailings.

In addition, the proposed ring ring allows the use of core material for the manufacture of other parts, which is especially valuable if the material is expensive, saving energy due to the fact that the core material is not processed into shavings but is extracted as a piece; reduce wear of the cutting tool by increasing its stability during cutting and

transportation of chips from the cutting zone, drilling and core cutting from one installation.

(56) USSR Copyright Certificate 1542712.cl. B 23 D 61/18. 1990.

a rod that is secured to a housing connected at one end to the drive shaft by a flexible member, the second end of which is connected to an extreme section located on the side of the drive shaft mounted on the drive shaft by a worm pair connected to the worm last

a safety clutch, a gear connected to the clutch and secured by a dog, mounted with the possibility of interaction with the gear, and the second extreme section is mounted on the rod with the possibility

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at least one closed spiral manhole is made through the wall of the body to its entire thickness, and additional cutting teeth are made on the inside of the body wall, the hollows between which are connected to the groove and the hollows between the cutting elements.

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2. The tool according to claim 1. characterized in that. that it is provided with a tapered shank associated with the housing.

3. The tool according to claim 1. characterized in that it is provided with a housing

straight shank.

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