SE451196B - Forfarande for framstellning av ett emulsionssprengemne av typ vatten-i-olja och en oxidationskomposition for anvendning av forfarandet - Google Patents
Forfarande for framstellning av ett emulsionssprengemne av typ vatten-i-olja och en oxidationskomposition for anvendning av forfarandetInfo
- Publication number
- SE451196B SE451196B SE8506119A SE8506119A SE451196B SE 451196 B SE451196 B SE 451196B SE 8506119 A SE8506119 A SE 8506119A SE 8506119 A SE8506119 A SE 8506119A SE 451196 B SE451196 B SE 451196B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- oxidation
- composition
- phase
- process according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011797 cavity material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012769 bulk production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- -1 sorbitan fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001963 alkali metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001964 alkaline earth metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001959 inorganic nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002832 nitroso derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002918 oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B47/00—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase
- C06B47/14—Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase
- C06B47/145—Water in oil emulsion type explosives in which a carbonaceous fuel forms the continuous phase
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
Priority Applications (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8506119A SE451196B (sv) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Forfarande for framstellning av ett emulsionssprengemne av typ vatten-i-olja och en oxidationskomposition for anvendning av forfarandet |
| EP86850410A EP0228354B1 (de) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-11-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Emulsionssprengstoffs vom Typ Wasser-in-Öl und eine Oxydationskomposition für die Verwendung in dem Verfahren |
| DE8686850410T DE3674995D1 (de) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-11-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines emulsionssprengstoffs vom typ wasser-in-oel und eine oxydationskomposition fuer die verwendung in dem verfahren. |
| AT86850410T ATE57519T1 (de) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-11-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines emulsionssprengstoffs vom typ wasser-in-oel und eine oxydationskomposition fuer die verwendung in dem verfahren. |
| AU65773/86A AU578851B2 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-11-27 | A method for the preparation of a water-in-oil type emulsion explosive and an oxidizer composition for use in the method |
| ZA869056A ZA869056B (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-12-01 | A method for the preparation of a water-in-oil type emulsion explosive and an oxidizer composition for use in the method |
| ZW242/86A ZW24286A1 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-12-09 | A method for the preparation of a water-in-oil type emulsion explosive and an oxidizer composition for use in the method |
| CA000524902A CA1257773A (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-12-10 | Method for preparation of water-in-oil type emulsion explosive and an oxidizer composition for use in the method |
| US06/940,353 US4737207A (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-12-11 | Method for the preparation of a water-in-oil type emulsion explosive and an oxidizer composition for use in the method |
| SU864028650A RU2018504C1 (ru) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-12-22 | Способ получения взрывчатой эмульсии типа вода в масле |
| NO865250A NO166853C (no) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-12-22 | Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av et emulsjonssprengstoffav vann-i-olje-typen og oxydasjonsmiddelblanding for anvendelse ved denne. |
| HK123/91A HK12391A (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1991-02-11 | A method for the preparation of a water-in-oil type emulsion eyplosive and an oxidizer composition for use in the method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8506119A SE451196B (sv) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Forfarande for framstellning av ett emulsionssprengemne av typ vatten-i-olja och en oxidationskomposition for anvendning av forfarandet |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE8506119D0 SE8506119D0 (sv) | 1985-12-23 |
| SE8506119L SE8506119L (sv) | 1987-06-24 |
| SE451196B true SE451196B (sv) | 1987-09-14 |
Family
ID=20362595
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8506119A SE451196B (sv) | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | Forfarande for framstellning av ett emulsionssprengemne av typ vatten-i-olja och en oxidationskomposition for anvendning av forfarandet |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4737207A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0228354B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE57519T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU578851B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA1257773A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3674995D1 (de) |
| HK (1) | HK12391A (de) |
| NO (1) | NO166853C (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2018504C1 (de) |
| SE (1) | SE451196B (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA869056B (de) |
| ZW (1) | ZW24286A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4836870A (en) * | 1987-10-01 | 1989-06-06 | Mitchell Chemical Co. | Emulsion-type explosive compositions |
| US4830687A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1989-05-16 | Atlas Powder Company | Stable fluid systems for preparing high density explosive compositions |
| GB8802209D0 (en) * | 1988-02-02 | 1988-03-02 | Canadian Ind | Chemical foaming of emulsion explosive compositions |
| US5271779A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1993-12-21 | Nitro Nobel Ab | Making a reduced volume strength blasting composition |
| SE8800593L (sv) * | 1988-02-22 | 1989-08-23 | Nitro Nobel Ab | Spraengaemneskomposition |
| CA2040346C (en) * | 1991-04-12 | 2001-06-12 | Fortunato Villamagna | Explosive comprising a foamed sensitizer |
| US5456729A (en) * | 1992-04-09 | 1995-10-10 | Ici Canada Inc. | Sensitizer and use |
| US5490887A (en) * | 1992-05-01 | 1996-02-13 | Dyno Nobel Inc. | Low density watergel explosive composition |
| DE19539209A1 (de) * | 1995-10-21 | 1997-04-24 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Rieselfähige Emulsions-ANFO-Sprengstoffe |
| US5670739A (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 1997-09-23 | Nelson Brothers, Inc. | Two phase emulsion useful in explosive compositions |
| RU2123489C1 (ru) * | 1996-11-05 | 1998-12-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Кузбассэмульсия" | Состав эмульсии для эмульсионных взрывчатых веществ и способ ее изготовления |
| US6113715A (en) * | 1998-07-09 | 2000-09-05 | Dyno Nobel Inc. | Method for forming an emulsion explosive composition |
| SK285615B6 (sk) * | 2001-04-05 | 2007-05-03 | Duslo, A. S. | Spôsob modifikácie brizancie trhaviny v podobe emulzie |
| RU2278100C1 (ru) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-06-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный научно-исследовательский институт "Кристалл" | Способ получения сенсибилизированного эмульсионного взрывчатого состава |
| WO2007048192A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-03 | Newcastle Innovation Limited | Gassing of emulsion explosives with nitric oxide |
| PE20080896A1 (es) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-08-21 | African Explosives Ltd | Sistema explosivo que tiene una emulsion basica y una solucion sensibilizante |
| US20110132505A1 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2011-06-09 | Newcastle Innovation Limited | Method for gassing explosives especially at low temperatures |
| PE20121143A1 (es) * | 2009-11-12 | 2012-08-27 | Ael Mining Services Ltd | Composicion sensibilizadora para uso con explosivos |
| CN102173967B (zh) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-09-19 | 广东宏大爆破股份有限公司 | 一种乳化炸药及其制备方法 |
| RS58012B1 (sr) | 2013-02-07 | 2019-02-28 | Dyno Nobel Inc | Sistemi za isporuku eksploziva i s tim povezani postupci |
| FR3014689B1 (fr) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-09-08 | Oreal | Emulsion eau-dans-huile comprenant un ester d'acide gras et de polyol, une cire d'abeille et des particules de polymeres expanses |
| EP3344595B1 (de) | 2015-09-01 | 2025-01-22 | The University of Sydney | Stabilisierter sprengstoff |
| CN111758010B (zh) | 2018-02-20 | 2023-05-26 | 戴诺·诺贝尔公司 | 用于在反应性地面中或在高温条件下进行爆破时使用的受抑制乳剂 |
| AU2019365614B2 (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2022-10-27 | Ab Etken Teknologi | A sensitised, safe to manufacture and environmentally friendly explosive composition |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3397097A (en) * | 1966-07-12 | 1968-08-13 | Du Pont | Thickened aqueous inorganic oxidizer salt blasting compositions containing gas bubbles and a crystal habit modifier and method of preparation |
| US3713919A (en) * | 1970-08-17 | 1973-01-30 | Du Pont | Chemical foaming of water-bearing explosives with n,n'-dimitrosopentamethylene-tetramine |
| US3790415A (en) * | 1970-08-18 | 1974-02-05 | Du Pont | Chemical foaming and sensitizing of water-bearing explosives with hydrogen peroxide |
| US3711345A (en) * | 1970-08-18 | 1973-01-16 | Du Pont | Chemical foaming of water-bearing explosives |
| FR2115514A5 (de) * | 1970-11-23 | 1972-07-07 | Lacam Guy | |
| US3706607A (en) * | 1971-01-21 | 1972-12-19 | Du Pont | Chemical foaming of water-bearing explosives |
| US4008108A (en) * | 1975-04-22 | 1977-02-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Formation of foamed emulsion-type blasting agents |
| US4138281A (en) * | 1977-11-04 | 1979-02-06 | Olney Robert S | Production of explosive emulsions |
| SE428919C (sv) * | 1978-10-23 | 1984-11-19 | Nitro Nobel Ab | Forfarande for tillverkning av icke sprengkapselkensligt emulsionssprengemne |
| SE7900326L (sv) * | 1979-01-15 | 1980-07-16 | Nitro Nobel Ab | Sprengkapselkensligt emulsionssprengemne |
| US4287010A (en) * | 1979-08-06 | 1981-09-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Company | Emulsion-type explosive composition and method for the preparation thereof |
| JPS6028796B2 (ja) * | 1982-01-27 | 1985-07-06 | 日本油脂株式会社 | 油中水型エマルシヨン爆薬の製造法 |
| CA1186152A (en) * | 1982-04-02 | 1985-04-30 | Rejean Binet | Continuous method for the preparation of explosives emulsion precursor |
| US4491489A (en) * | 1982-11-17 | 1985-01-01 | Aeci Limited | Method and means for making an explosive in the form of an emulsion |
| GB2136792B (en) * | 1983-03-15 | 1987-03-04 | Du Pont Canada | Emulsion blasting agent |
| CA1188898A (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1985-06-18 | Howard A. Bampfield | Water-in-wax emulsion blasting agents |
| JPS6033284A (ja) * | 1983-08-01 | 1985-02-20 | 日本油脂株式会社 | 油中水型エマルシヨン爆薬の製造方法 |
| JPS6033283A (ja) * | 1983-08-01 | 1985-02-20 | 日本油脂株式会社 | 油中水型エマルシヨン爆薬の製造法 |
| US4525225A (en) * | 1984-03-05 | 1985-06-25 | Atlas Powder Company | Solid water-in-oil emulsion explosives compositions and processes |
| US4615752A (en) * | 1984-11-23 | 1986-10-07 | Ireco Incorporated | Methods of pumping and loading emulsion slurry blasting compositions |
-
1985
- 1985-12-23 SE SE8506119A patent/SE451196B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1986
- 1986-11-27 EP EP86850410A patent/EP0228354B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-11-27 AU AU65773/86A patent/AU578851B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-11-27 AT AT86850410T patent/ATE57519T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-11-27 DE DE8686850410T patent/DE3674995D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-12-01 ZA ZA869056A patent/ZA869056B/xx unknown
- 1986-12-09 ZW ZW242/86A patent/ZW24286A1/xx unknown
- 1986-12-10 CA CA000524902A patent/CA1257773A/en not_active Expired
- 1986-12-11 US US06/940,353 patent/US4737207A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-22 RU SU864028650A patent/RU2018504C1/ru active
- 1986-12-22 NO NO865250A patent/NO166853C/no unknown
-
1991
- 1991-02-11 HK HK123/91A patent/HK12391A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4737207A (en) | 1988-04-12 |
| EP0228354A1 (de) | 1987-07-08 |
| NO865250L (no) | 1987-06-24 |
| ZW24286A1 (en) | 1987-03-25 |
| NO865250D0 (no) | 1986-12-22 |
| HK12391A (en) | 1991-02-22 |
| NO166853C (no) | 1991-09-11 |
| NO166853B (no) | 1991-06-03 |
| DE3674995D1 (de) | 1990-11-22 |
| CA1257773A (en) | 1989-07-25 |
| SE8506119L (sv) | 1987-06-24 |
| ZA869056B (en) | 1987-08-26 |
| AU578851B2 (en) | 1988-11-03 |
| AU6577386A (en) | 1987-06-25 |
| EP0228354B1 (de) | 1990-10-17 |
| ATE57519T1 (de) | 1990-11-15 |
| SE8506119D0 (sv) | 1985-12-23 |
| RU2018504C1 (ru) | 1994-08-30 |
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