SU802415A1 - Method of processing the stems of bast-fibre plants - Google Patents

Description

; The invention relates to a process technologist for the primary processing of phony crops, such as foams, hemp, hemp, horns, in order to obtain from them labial fiber. There is a known method of treating stem stems, including successive operations of thermal biological lobes of the stems, washing the leaves with water at 4 ° -5 ° C, pressing, forming the floor with simultaneous blowing of air with a relative humidity of 60-80% and temperature equal to atmospheric air temperature n drying. Having blown the trusts with air before drying with this method allows lowering the moisture content of flax seed, reducing the duration of subsequent drying and the whole process. However, intensive evaporation of moisture during the blowing process of the trusts reduces the temperature of the latter to 1525 C. At the same time, the woolen and waxy substances of the outer layer of the trusts that have a melting point in the baggali within 37-62C, solidify and close the trush vapors. obduze se air and in the process of drying, and therefore increases the duration of drying. In addition, during solidification of the fopic and wax-like substances on: flax, the remaining layers of the soil and the pectin substances are fixed, which, during the drying process, deteriorate with detachment of the fibers during the beating and reduce the yield of long fiber and its quality. The closest in technical drying and the achieved result to this invention is a method of treating bast cultures stems with sequential thermal biological lobe stems, washing the obtained trusts with water at 4O-SO С, squeezing, forming Hiier-f layer trusts simultaneously. -: sz.auvom its heated moist air-: to:, drying L2J. In this method for blowing trusts use spent heated moist air for 7-8 or 815 zones of the upgraded dryer SKP-9-7LM. This allows to reduce the disadvantages inherent in method H. However, the parameters of air for blowing trusts; in this method, Particularly insufficient moisture and high temperature (the highest air temperature in the dryer is 90 C), especially if the air is taken from 8 to 15 zones of the dryer, yet it is not possible to achieve optimum drying conditions for the trusts the jar as the resulting fibers. These drawbacks are overcome by the present invention. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the processing time due to the intensification of dry and improve the quality of bast fiber. wave at 4 ° -50 ° C, spinning, the formation of a layer of trusts with a single flow nozzle blowing it with heated humid air and drying, unlike the known method, blowing of the trusts takes place by saturated air Ear with a temperature equal to the temperature of the MSSH thermometer during the initial period of drying. In the iroement, the layer is heated to the temperature of the mass meter in the initial drying stage prior to drying. The trusts with simultaneous formation of the layer are carried out, for example, on the conveyor before the drying machine air from the 13th zone of the dryer SKP-9-7LM, having a temperature of 4550 C, which corresponds to the temperature of the wet thermometer in the initial period of drying, relative to 1OO% relative humidity. This creates conditions where the unwashed, fat-like and waxy substances of the outer layers are melted and moistened with free moisture, the pores, the stomata and voids of the trusts are open, soils and pectin residues remain in free-flowing moisture in the free moisture, sticky substances are dissolved in the free moisture. the nozzle blowing increases the removal of free moisture, and along with it the fat-like and waxy substances, contaminants, residues of pectin and sticky substances are removed, which contributes to an improvement in fiber trapping during scutching, a decrease in contamination, an increase in fiber yield and quality. The decrease in humidity of the trusts before drying, as well as the molten state of wax and fatty substances, contributes to the intensification of the drying process. The table shows the comparative indicators of the quality of flax fiber and the duration of drying in the method according to the invention in a known way. The air temperature for blowing flax in the method according to the invention was 45-55 ° C, which was the temperature of the wet thermometer during the initial drying period, and the relative humidity was 1OO%.

Material moisture,%

(relative to absolutely dry weight)

before blowing off air

after blowing air

 drying, min

Medium yield of long fiber,%

for trusts № 1,4

for trusts n ° 1,5

160-170 110-130

8-9

14.3 15.1O

Number of long fibers for trusts No. 1.4

For trusts number 1.5

Organopeptic assessment (silkiness, soil, etc.)

As can be seen from the table above, the conditions for the formation of the layer of the trusts according to the invention will allow the sweat to increase the removal of free moisture in a nozzle blow approximately two times, to reduce the drying time by 10-2%, to increase the yield of long fiber by 0.2-0.3 %, increase its number by 0.2 O-O, 40 units with a satisfactory organoleptic evaluation.

Thus, the invention makes it possible to shorten the processing time of bast tree stems due to the intensification of drying and to improve the quality of bast fiber.

Claims (2)

1. Markov V.V. et al. Primary treatment of bast fibers, M., Legka Industri, 1974, p. 91, 162, 174. 2.Yakovlev G.P. in others. Modernization of the UPC-.9-7LM drying machines for flax waters, Textile industry, 1977, NO 12, p. 26-27 (prototype).