TR199802438T2 - Tamamlanmis Ardil Pasiflestirme Ile Çinko Fosfatlamasi. - Google Patents
Tamamlanmis Ardil Pasiflestirme Ile Çinko Fosfatlamasi.Info
- Publication number
- TR199802438T2 TR199802438T2 TR1998/02438T TR9802438T TR199802438T2 TR 199802438 T2 TR199802438 T2 TR 199802438T2 TR 1998/02438 T TR1998/02438 T TR 1998/02438T TR 9802438 T TR9802438 T TR 9802438T TR 199802438 T2 TR199802438 T2 TR 199802438T2
- Authority
- TR
- Turkey
- Prior art keywords
- polymers
- tamamlanm
- pasifle
- fosfatlamas
- tirme
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/18—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/18—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations
- C23C22/182—Orthophosphates containing manganese cations containing also zinc cations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
- C23C22/364—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing also manganese cations
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Çelik, galvanize edilmis ya da alasim galvanize edilmis çelik, alüminyum ve/veya alüminyum-magnezyum-alasimlarindan olan metal üst yüzeylerinin fosfatlanmasina yönelik usul, su sekilde tanimlanmaktadir: Fosfatlama çözeltisi 0,2'den 3 g/1'e kadar çinko iyonlari; 3'den 50 g/1' kadar PO4olarak hesap edilmis fosfat iyonlari; 0.001'den 4 g/1'e kadar mangan iyonlari; 0,001'den 0,5 g/1'e kadar polieterlerden, polikarboksilatlardan, polimer fosfonasitlerden, polimer fosfinokarbonasitlerden ve azot içeren organik polimerlerden seçilen bir ya da daha fazla polimer ve bir ya da birkaçtane hizlandirici içermektedir. Tavsiye edilen polimerler amino grubu içeren poli(vinil)-türevleridir.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19621184A DE19621184A1 (de) | 1996-05-28 | 1996-05-28 | Zinkphosphatierung mit integrierter Nachpassivierung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TR199802438T2 true TR199802438T2 (tr) | 1999-03-22 |
Family
ID=7795360
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TR1998/02438T TR199802438T2 (tr) | 1996-05-28 | 1997-05-20 | Tamamlanmis Ardil Pasiflestirme Ile Çinko Fosfatlamasi. |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20020011281A1 (tr) |
| EP (1) | EP0958402A1 (tr) |
| JP (1) | JP3725171B2 (tr) |
| KR (1) | KR20000016128A (tr) |
| CN (1) | CN1219982A (tr) |
| AR (1) | AR007310A1 (tr) |
| AU (1) | AU712640B2 (tr) |
| BR (1) | BR9709493A (tr) |
| CA (1) | CA2256695A1 (tr) |
| CZ (1) | CZ389298A3 (tr) |
| DE (1) | DE19621184A1 (tr) |
| HU (1) | HUP9903963A3 (tr) |
| PL (1) | PL330013A1 (tr) |
| RU (1) | RU2179198C2 (tr) |
| SK (1) | SK162698A3 (tr) |
| TR (1) | TR199802438T2 (tr) |
| WO (1) | WO1997045568A1 (tr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA974617B (tr) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19740953A1 (de) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-03-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Phosphatierung von Stahlband |
| FR2769325B1 (fr) * | 1997-10-08 | 1999-12-03 | Cfpi Ind | Bain acide pour la phosphatation au zinc de substrats metalliques, concentre pour la preparation du bain et procede de phosphatation le mettant en oeuvre |
| DE19905479A1 (de) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-08-17 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur Phospatisierung von Zink- oder Aluminiumoberflächen |
| US6743302B2 (en) * | 2000-01-28 | 2004-06-01 | Henkel Corporation | Dry-in-place zinc phosphating compositions including adhesion-promoting polymers |
| DE10005113A1 (de) * | 2000-02-07 | 2001-08-09 | Henkel Kgaa | Korrosionsschutzmittel und Korrosionsschutzverfahren für Metalloberflächen |
| DE10010758A1 (de) * | 2000-03-04 | 2001-09-06 | Henkel Kgaa | Korrosionsschutzverfahren für Metalloberflächen |
| DE10010355A1 (de) * | 2000-03-07 | 2001-09-13 | Chemetall Gmbh | Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Phosphatüberzuges und Verwendung der derart phosphatierten Metallteile |
| US6902766B1 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2005-06-07 | Lord Corporation | Two-part aqueous metal protection treatment |
| CA2439135C (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2010-05-11 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Surface treated steel product, method for production thereof and chemical conversion treatment solution |
| DE10131723A1 (de) * | 2001-06-30 | 2003-01-16 | Henkel Kgaa | Korrosionsschutzmittel und Korrosionsschutzverfahren für Metalloberflächen |
| DE10164671A1 (de) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-10 | Basf Ag | Derivate von Polymeren für die Metallbehandlung |
| RU2240378C2 (ru) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-11-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество "ФК" | Способ получения фосфатного покрытия |
| DE102005027567A1 (de) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-21 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zum Passivieren von metallischen Oberflächen mit Säuregruppen aufweisenden Polymeren |
| DE102005059314B4 (de) * | 2005-12-09 | 2018-11-22 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Saure, chromfreie wässrige Lösung, deren Konzentrat, und ein Verfahren zur Korrosionsschutzbehandlung von Metalloberflächen |
| US7645832B2 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2010-01-12 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Use of metal oxides and salts to enhance adhesion to steels |
| CN100447301C (zh) * | 2006-06-06 | 2008-12-31 | 南昌大学 | 镁合金磷酸盐表面改性处理方法 |
| RU2412278C2 (ru) * | 2006-06-15 | 2011-02-20 | Ниппон Стил Корпорейшн | Стальной лист с покрытием |
| CA2657124A1 (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-31 | Basf Se | Method of passivating metallic surfaces by means of copolymers having phosphoric acid and/or phosphoric acid groups |
| JP5528115B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-01 | 2014-06-25 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 高過酸化物自己析出浴 |
| CN101210322B (zh) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-08-18 | 佛山市顺德区汉达精密电子科技有限公司 | 一种镁合金表面化成处理溶液及其处理方法 |
| KR100784819B1 (ko) * | 2007-01-30 | 2007-12-14 | 정세근 | 알루미늄의 표면처리용 조성물 |
| CN101711289A (zh) * | 2007-05-24 | 2010-05-19 | 普罗蔻特技术有限公司 | 不含无机固体颗粒的防腐蚀和导电组合物以及金属板表面处理的方法 |
| JP2010535324A (ja) * | 2007-08-02 | 2010-11-18 | シェブロン ユー.エス.エー. インコーポレイテッド | 熱交換器系を不動態化する方法及び組成物 |
| DE102009059990A1 (de) | 2009-12-22 | 2011-07-07 | Bayer MaterialScience AG, 51373 | Verfahren zur Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Polycarbonat |
| CN102115880B (zh) | 2009-12-31 | 2015-10-14 | 汉高股份有限及两合公司 | 轻金属或其合金的表面处理组合物和溶液及表面处理方法 |
| CN102899650B (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-06-04 | 自贡勃生表面技术推广有限公司 | 钢铁常温发黑液复合成膜促进剂及钢铁常温发黑液及钢铁常温发黑液的制备方法 |
| DE102014007715B4 (de) * | 2014-05-28 | 2018-06-07 | Chemetall Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Sandwichstruktur, die hiermit hergestellte Sandwichstruktur und ihre Verwendung |
| CN106424701B (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-06-04 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | 一种改性金属粉的制备方法 |
| KR20210093242A (ko) * | 2018-10-08 | 2021-07-27 | 케메탈 게엠베하 | 금속 표면의 ni-무함유 인산염처리 방법 및 이러한 방법에 사용하기 위한 조성물 |
| CN112888809A (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2021-06-01 | 凯密特尔有限责任公司 | 金属表面的无镍磷化方法和用于这种方法的组合物 |
| FI3663435T3 (fi) | 2018-12-05 | 2024-05-24 | Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa | Fosfori- ja fosfonihappojen seoksiin perustuva passivointikoostumus |
| MX2021009075A (es) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-09-10 | Chemetall Gmbh | Composicion alternativa y metodo alternativo para fosfatar eficazmente superficies metalicas. |
| EP3828307A1 (de) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-06-02 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Ressourcenschonendes verfahren zur aktivierung einer metalloberfläche vor einer phosphatierung |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2905535A1 (de) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-09-04 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur oberflaechenbehandlung von metallen |
| US4659395A (en) * | 1985-11-05 | 1987-04-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Ductile polyelectrolyte macromolecule-complexed zinc phosphate conversion crystal pre-coatings and topcoatings embodying a laminate |
| US5039770A (en) * | 1987-12-04 | 1991-08-13 | Henkel Corporation | Treatment and after-treatment of metal with polyphenol compounds |
| JPH0819531B2 (ja) * | 1989-03-02 | 1996-02-28 | 日本ペイント株式会社 | 金属表面のリン酸亜鉛処理方法 |
| JPH0432576A (ja) * | 1990-05-30 | 1992-02-04 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | リン酸亜鉛化成処理液 |
| US5604040A (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1997-02-18 | Associated Universities, Inc. | Zinc phosphate conversion coatings |
| US5378292A (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1995-01-03 | Henkel Corporation | Phosphate conversion coating and compositions and concentrates therefor with stable internal accelerator |
| JP2771110B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-15 | 1998-07-02 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | アルミニウム含有金属材料用表面処理組成物および表面処理方法 |
| IT1274594B (it) * | 1994-08-05 | 1997-07-18 | Itb Srl | Soluzione fosfatica acquosa acida e processo di fosfatazione di superfici metalliche che la utilizza |
| ZA969146B (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-27 | Henkel Corp | Finely crystallizing and/or fast phosphate conversion coating composition and process |
-
1996
- 1996-05-28 DE DE19621184A patent/DE19621184A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-05-20 PL PL97330013A patent/PL330013A1/xx unknown
- 1997-05-20 SK SK1626-98A patent/SK162698A3/sk unknown
- 1997-05-20 CZ CZ983892A patent/CZ389298A3/cs unknown
- 1997-05-20 WO PCT/EP1997/002552 patent/WO1997045568A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1997-05-20 JP JP54152497A patent/JP3725171B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-20 US US09/194,412 patent/US20020011281A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-20 CA CA002256695A patent/CA2256695A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-20 AU AU30275/97A patent/AU712640B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-05-20 KR KR1019980709695A patent/KR20000016128A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-05-20 TR TR1998/02438T patent/TR199802438T2/tr unknown
- 1997-05-20 HU HU9903963A patent/HUP9903963A3/hu unknown
- 1997-05-20 RU RU98123610/02A patent/RU2179198C2/ru active
- 1997-05-20 EP EP97924957A patent/EP0958402A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-05-20 CN CN97194993A patent/CN1219982A/zh active Pending
- 1997-05-20 BR BR9709493A patent/BR9709493A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1997-05-27 ZA ZA974617A patent/ZA974617B/xx unknown
- 1997-05-28 AR ARP970102269A patent/AR007310A1/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HUP9903963A2 (hu) | 2000-03-28 |
| PL330013A1 (en) | 1999-04-26 |
| JP2001509840A (ja) | 2001-07-24 |
| CN1219982A (zh) | 1999-06-16 |
| KR20000016128A (ko) | 2000-03-25 |
| US20020011281A1 (en) | 2002-01-31 |
| CZ389298A3 (cs) | 1999-08-11 |
| BR9709493A (pt) | 1999-08-10 |
| EP0958402A1 (de) | 1999-11-24 |
| AU712640B2 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
| HUP9903963A3 (en) | 2000-07-28 |
| CA2256695A1 (en) | 1997-12-04 |
| AR007310A1 (es) | 1999-10-27 |
| ZA974617B (en) | 1999-01-26 |
| SK162698A3 (en) | 1999-07-12 |
| AU3027597A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
| WO1997045568A1 (de) | 1997-12-04 |
| JP3725171B2 (ja) | 2005-12-07 |
| RU2179198C2 (ru) | 2002-02-10 |
| DE19621184A1 (de) | 1997-12-04 |
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