200416334 (1) 玖 '發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於在室外經常會被水弄濕的木製地板的地 板板材與地板構造。 【先前技術】 如曰本特開平1 1 — 2 8 02 3 7號公報的記載，將複數片 的地板橫列配置在經過防水加工的地板襯底上，在該地板 的側邊形成連續的排水槽的室外地板構造，在各地板銜接 處下方，形成與該銜接處平行的凹槽，且使各凹槽的其中 一端與上述的排水槽連續著。 這種室外地板構造，不需要將地板的下面部作成複雜 的形狀，而能夠盡量抑制地板的製造成本，並且在地板間 的銜接處下方形成凹槽，以該凹槽來承接從地板間滲入的 水而將其排出，能夠使防水性能提昇。 【發明內容】 (發明欲解決的課題） 可是，需要在各地板的下側設置經過防水加工的地板 襯底，形成連續於各地板的側邊的排水溝槽’或在各地板 間的銜接處下方’形成與該銜接處平行的凹槽’並且需要 使各凹槽的其中一端與上述排水溝槽連續，構造很複雜且 很昂貴。 室外的木製地板稱作地板組件’較常希望採用看起來 -4 - (2) (2)200416334 感覺較溫暖的材料。而在室外由於會被雨水弄濕，所以特 別需要排水的考量，如上述’另外在地板材料設置複雜的 排水構造其成本會變高。 而不採用上述排水構造，使各地板材料緊密接合的話 ，排水性會變差，並且由於吸水會膨脹，地板會翹起。於 是，使用了吸水不容易膨脹且硬質的地板。 可是，即使使用硬質的板子1，要確實地防止翹起現象 也很困難。而如果在鄰接的各板之間設置間隙，讓排水性 良好，藉由將排水性變好，則也可以抑制翹起現象。可是 ，在鄰接的地板之間，開設貫穿到地板下的間隙，則不可 避免地會讓施工品質降低。 本發明的技術課題，就是要著眼於該問題，可以提供 不會讓施工品質降低，且排水性佳的地板板材及地板構造 (用以解決課題的手段） · 本發明的技術課題可藉由下述的手段來解決。第1發 明，將地板板材的長軸方向的單側側端形成爲凹槽狀，另 一側的側端形成爲可嵌入於鄰接的地板板材的上述凹槽的 尺寸的凸條，並且上述凸條的突出量大於上述凹槽的深度 〇 由於將地板板材的長軸方向的單側側端形成爲凹槽狀 ，另一側的側端形成爲可嵌入於鄰接的地板板材的上述凹 槽的尺寸的凸條，並且上述凸條的突出量大於上述凹槽的 -5- (3) · (3) ·200416334 深度，所以在舖設該地板板材時，藉由使側端的凸條嵌入 到鄰接的地板板材的凹槽，讓凸條的根側的不能嵌入凹槽 的部分成爲排水溝槽。 於是，不用在鄰接的地板板材之間穿設貫穿到背面的 間隙，能夠將水集中到排水溝槽，可以有效地排水。結果 ，能有效地抑制地板材料吸收水分而膨脹或產生翹起的現 象。 第2發明，是針對第1發明，在上述凸條的不能嵌入 φ 到鄰接的地板板材的凹槽的根側，開設有排水用的貫穿孔 〇 由於在上述凸條的不能嵌入到鄰接的地板板材的凹槽 的根側，開設有排水用的貫穿孔，在舖設有該地板板材時 ，流入到上述凸條的根側所形成的排水溝槽的水，可藉由 貫穿孔有效地流出到下面側而進行排水。 第3發明，是針對第1或2發明，上述地板板材的單 面是形成爲平坦狀，另一面是形成爲凹凸狀。 鲁 由於上述地板板材的單面是形成爲平坦狀，另一面是 形成爲凹凸狀，所以在舖設該地板板材時，可因應舖設場 所或者施工者的要求，將平坦面或凹凸面的其中一側朝上 舖設。 第4發明，在地板板材的長軸方向的其中一側端所形 成的凹槽，嵌入在鄰接的地板板材的另一側端的凸條，並 且藉由讓上述凸條的根部留在外面不嵌入進上述凹槽，來 形成排水溝槽。在凸條的突出量大於凹槽的深度時，不能 -6- (4) (4)200416334 嵌入到凹槽的多餘的部分會形成排水溝槽，可是在凸條的 突出量是與凹槽的深度相同或較凹槽的深度更小的情況， 則在凸條的根部的位置，在將分隔構件插入到鄰接的地板 板材的狀態下，藉由將各地板板材固定在橫木，則能容易 將排水溝槽形成爲一定的寬度。 由於在地板板材的長軸方向的其中一側端所形成的凹 槽，嵌入在鄰接的地板板材的另一側端的凸條，並且藉由 讓上述凸條的根部留在外面不嵌入進上述凹槽，來形成排 水溝槽，所以在地板板面上的水會流入到排水溝槽，而容 易排水。結果，能有效地抑制地板材料吸收水分而膨脹或 產生翹起的現象。 第5發明，是針對第4發明，藉由將上述凸條的突出 量作得大於上述凹槽的深度，則即使將上述凸條嵌入到上 述凹槽內，上述凸條的根側的部分也不會嵌入到上述凹槽 ，會留下作爲排水溝槽。 藉由將上述凸條的突出量作得大於上述凹槽的深度， 則即使將上述凸條嵌入到上述凹槽內，上述凸條的根側的 部分也不會嵌入到上述凹槽，會留下作爲排水溝槽，使凸 條嵌入到上述凹槽內而可以提昇鄰接的地板之間的連結性 ，讓地板面上的水流入到排水溝槽而能有效地排水。 第6發明，是針對第5發明，在上述凸條的不能嵌入 到鄰接的地板板材的凹槽的根側，開設有排水用的貫穿孔 由於在上述凸條的不能嵌入到鄰接的地板板材的槽部 (5) (5)200416334 的根側，開設有排水用的貫穿孔’流入到凸條上所形成的 排水溝槽的水容易從貫穿孔流到下側，讓排水動作更確實 地進行。 第7發明，是針對第4、5或6發明，上述地板板材 的單面是形成爲平坦狀，另一面是形成爲凹凸狀。 由於上述地板板材的單面是形成爲平坦狀，另一面是 形成爲凹凸狀，所以在舖設該地板板材時，可因應舖設場 所或者施工者的要求，將平坦面或凹凸面的其中一側朝上 舖設，選擇自由度會增加。 第8發明，是針對第4、5、6、或7發明，是從凸條 的根部的角落將釘子打入到橫木來加以固定。 如上述，是從凸條的根部的角落將釘子打入到橫木來 加以固定，所以固定釘子不會露出於地板面上，不只是外 觀良好，也不會有被釘子鉤到的危險，可實現安全的木製 地板構造。 【實施方式】 接下來說明將本發明的地板板材與地板構造具體化的 實施方式。第1圖是顯示本發明的一片地板板材的立體圖 。該地板板材P，上面部1是凹凸狀。也就是說，在圖示 例子中，是藉由連續形成無數的魚板狀的凸條，讓剖面形 狀形成爲波浪形。相對的，背面也就是下面部2，是形成 爲平坦狀。在使用時，哪一面朝上都可以。 該地板板材P，藉由將其長軸方向的單側側端形成爲 (6) (6)200416334 凹槽狀，來形成凹槽3。相對的，在另一側的側端形成凸 條4。該地板板材P，如第2圖、第3圖，是藉由使地板 板材P的凸條4嵌入到鄰接的地板板材P的凹槽3來舖設 的。於是，各地板板材的凸條4，是形成爲可以嵌入到鄰 接的地板板材的凹槽3的尺寸。而且，各地板板材P · · 的凹槽3 · •及凸條4 . ·，當然是形成爲相同的尺寸。 該凸條4的突出量X，可作成與凹槽的深度相同尺寸 ，雖然不可能作成小於凹槽3的深度，而爲了形成後述的 排水溝槽6，最好是讓突出量X大於凹槽3的深度。 在凸條4，是開設有排水用的細長的貫穿孔5。雖然 該地板板材P的長度沒有特別限定，而通常是規格化爲從 1 2 0 c m〜3 0 0 c m左右例如6 0 c m的間隔，貫穿孔 5則最好 以3 0cm左右的間距開設有複數個。 該地板板材P的厚度以2〜3 cm左右較適合。寬度尺 寸雖然沒有特別限定，可以從7〜8cm至20cm左右。材 質雖然沒有特別限定，而硬質材料，例如印尼產的鐵木或 巴西產的伊蓓樹都很適合。 第2圖，是舖設複數片上述地板板材P的狀態的平面 圖。在舖設時，雖然是使鄰接的地板板材的凸條4嵌入到 上述的凹槽3，而即使將凸條4嵌入到凹槽3內部’而由 於凸條4的突出量X大於凹槽3的深度，所以在凸條4 的根部形成了排水用的溝槽6。 第3圖，是這種舖設狀態的放大剖面圖。將第2圖的 沒有貫穿孔5的位置予以剖面，就成爲第3圖（1) °也就 -9 - (7) (7)200416334 是說，由於凸條4的突出量X大於凹槽3的深度，所以 在將凸條4嵌入到凹槽3的狀態，凸條4的根部的部分無 法進入到凹槽3內，會留下寬度W部分。 該凸條4的根部所餘留的部分會成爲第2圖的排水溝 槽6。雖然在凸條4的突出量X是與凹槽3的深度相同或 是較小的情況，只要將凸條4淺淺地嵌入到凹槽3內，也 可以形成排水溝槽6，可是在這種沒有嵌入到凹槽3內部 的情況，可能會讓鄰接的地板板材彼此的結合強度降低。 可是如第5圖所示以黏接劑1 1黏接到橫木9的話就可以 了。 將第2圖中的貫穿孔5的位置予以剖面的話，就成爲 第3圖（2)。也就是說，在凸條4的根部開設細長的貫穿 孔5，所以在將凸條4嵌入到凹槽3中的狀態，貫穿孔5 會位於排水溝槽6的位置。結果，從地板上面部流入到排 水溝槽6的水，會從貫穿孔5朝下側流掉，水不會長期積 聚在排水溝槽6。 在沒有開設貫穿孔5的情況，只要作成在各排水溝槽 6的兩端設置集水排水溝槽的構造，則各排水溝槽6內的 水會流入到兩端的集水排水溝槽，而可經過該集水排水溝 槽將水排出到外部。 或者，如第4圖，將凸條4部分作成較薄，並且形成 了在前端形成缺口 8的迂迴排水通路，而可將排水溝槽6 中的水導引至下側。也就是說’在凸條4的上下面部形成 凹部7、7的話’凸條4的部分的厚度會部分地變薄。因 -10- (8) 200416334 此，將該凸條4嵌入到鄰接的地板板材的凹槽3的話’流 入到凸條4上的排水溝槽6的水’會從凸條4的上面部的 凹部7經過前端的缺口 8，繞到凸條4的下面部的凹部7 側，而流下到下側。 凸條4的薄板部，是與貫穿孔5同樣地是以例如 3 0cm左右的間距來設置。凹部7、7的寬度，也可以與貫 穿孔5的長度相同，例如3〜5 c m左右。深度則隨意’例 如1〜3mm也可以。 _ 而也可以取代凸條4的上下兩面的互相平行的凹部7 、7，也可以形成如虛線7 a、7 a所示的錐狀的傾斜水路。 而凹槽3側，在與虛線凹部7 a、7 a對應的位置，也可以 作成如虛線的開設爲錐狀的形狀。 第5圖，是各地板板材對橫木的固定部的剖面圖。在 各地板板材P的下側，例如是以60cm左右的間隔配置橫 木9，用釘子將各地板板材P釘在該橫木。此時’是從位 於端部的地板板材的凸條4根部的角落部將釘子1 〇釘入 馨 到橫木9來加以固定。也就是說，如第5圖所示將釘子 1 0打入到角落部，且朝箭頭1方向打入。 在橫木9上，將鄰接的下一片地板板材P的凹槽3側 朝向之前所釘好的地板板材的凸條4側按壓，藉由將上述 凸條4嵌入到上述凹槽3中，將凹槽3側支承固定在凸條 4側。地板板材P也能夠以黏接劑1 1黏接固定在橫木9 ’ 也可以同時使用釘子固定與黏接劑固定的方式。 如第4圖所示將凹部7、7或傾斜凹部7a、7a、缺口 -11 - (9) (9)200416334 8形成在凸條4的全部部分時，由於涵蓋全部長度與凹槽 3之間會成爲迂迴排水通路的間隙，所以無法期待凹槽3 與凸條4的結合力，可是只要以黏接劑Η黏接固定在橫 木9的話，就不會有問題。在這種整個長度都形成有間隙 的情況，只要在將分隔構件插入到成爲排水溝槽6的位置 的狀態以黏接劑1 1加以固定的話，就可以形成一定的間 隙。 如第5圖所示，從凸條4的根部的角落將釘子1 〇打 入的話，釘子的頭部是位在角落，與傳統的從各地板板材 的上面部將釘子釘入的情況不同，釘子的頭部不會露出地 板有損外觀，也不會因爲突出而造成危險。 打入到角落部的釘子的種類沒有特別限定，不會產生 鏽蝕的不鏽鋼製的較適合。釘子的形狀，除了一般的釘子 之外，U字型釘也很適合。 如上述，在使用本發明的地板板材來進行舖設的情況 ，即使雨降到地面上，也會直接流入到鄰接的地板板材間 形成在凸條4上的排水溝槽6，然後從貫穿孔5或迂迴排 水通路流下去，將水排到下側，所以水不會長時間積聚在 排水溝槽6內。結果，可以抑制地板板材吸水膨脹，且導 致翹起的情形。 地板板材Ρ，由於其中一面是形成爲平坦狀，另一面 是形成爲凹凸狀，所以可以因應舖設場所，或施工者的要 求，可以將平坦面2及凹凸面1的其中一側向上舖設。當 將凹凸面1朝上時，可以防滑，並且又可防止全面浸水。 -12- (10) (10)200416334 本發明的地板構造，也可以適用在船上，也可以用在 建築物的外層或陽台、步道、碼頭、浮橋，也適用於浴室 用洩水地板，也適用於體育或運動用的措施。在不會被水 弄濕的室內也可以使用。 (發明效果） 如第1發明，由於將地板板材的長軸方向的單側側端 形成爲凹槽狀，另一側的側端形成爲可嵌入於鄰接的地板 Φ 板材的上述凹槽的尺寸的凸條，並且上述凸條的突出量大 於上述凹槽的深度，所以在舖設該地板板材時，藉由使側 端的凸條嵌入到鄰接的地板板材的凹槽，讓凸條的根側的 不能嵌入凹槽的部分成爲排水溝槽。 於是，不用在鄰接的地板板材之間穿設貫穿到背面的 間隙，能夠將水集中到排水溝槽，可以有效地排水。結果 ，能有效地抑制地板材料吸收水分而膨脹或產生翹起的現 象。 Φ 如第2發明，由於在上述凸條的不能嵌入到鄰接的地 板板材的凹槽的根側，開設有排水用的貫穿孔，在舖設有 該地板板材時，流入到上述凸條的根側所形成的排水溝槽 的水，可藉由貫穿孔有效地流出到下面側而進行排水。 如第3發明，由於上述地板板材的單面是形成爲平坦 狀，另一面是形成爲凹凸狀，所以在舖設該地板板材時， 可因應舖設場所或者施工者的要求’將平坦面或凹凸面的 其中一側朝上舖設。 -13- (11) (11)200416334 如第4發明，由於在地板板材的長軸方向的其中一側 端所形成的凹槽’嵌入在鄰接的地板板材的另一側端的凸 條’並且藉由讓上述凸條的根部留在外面不嵌入進上述凹 槽’來形成排水溝槽，所以在地板板面上的水會流入到排 水溝槽，而容易排水。結果，能有效地抑制地板材料吸收 水分而膨脹或產生翹起的現象。 如第5發明，藉由將上述凸條的突出量作得大於上述 凹槽的深度，則即使將上述凸條嵌入到上述凹槽內，上述 凸條的根側的部分也不會嵌入到上述凹槽，會留下作爲排 水溝槽’使凸條嵌入到上述凹槽內而可以提昇鄰接的地板 之間的連結性，讓地板面上的水流入到排水溝槽而能有效 地排水。 如第6發明，由於在上述凸條的不能嵌入到鄰接的地 板板材的槽部的根側，開設有排水用的貫穿孔，流入到凸 條上所形成的排水溝槽的水容易從貫穿孔流到下側，讓排 水動作更確實地進行。 如第7發明，由於上述地板板材的單面是形成爲平坦 狀，另一面是形成爲凹凸狀，所以在舖設該地板板材時， 可因應舖設場所或者施工者的要求，將平坦面或凹凸面的 其中一側朝上舖設，選擇自由度會增加。 如第8發明，如上述，是從凸條的根部的角落將釘子 打入到橫木來加以固定，所以固定釘子不會露出於地板面 上，不只是外觀良好，也不會有被釘子鉤到的危險，可實 現安全的木製地板構造。 -14 - (12) 200416334 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是顯示一片本發明的地板板材的立體圖。 第2圖是舖設複數片上述地板板材的狀態的平面圖。 第3圖（1)是第2圖的A — A位置的剖面圖，（2)圖是 第2圖的B — B位置的剖面圖。 第4圖是取代貫穿孔的迂迴排水通路的顯示圖。 第5圖是地板板材對橫木的固定部的剖面圖。 φ 【主要元件對照表】 P :地板板材 1 :凹凸面 2 ·平坦面 3 :凹槽 4 :凸條 5 :貫穿孔 籲 6 :排水溝槽 7 :凹部 8 :缺口 9 :橫木 1 0 :釘子 1 1 :黏接劑 -15-200416334 (1) 发明 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a floor panel and a floor structure of a wooden floor which is often wetted by water outdoors. [Prior Art] As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1 1-2 8 02 3 7, a plurality of floor boards are arranged in rows on a floor substrate subjected to waterproof processing, and continuous rows are formed on the sides of the floor boards. The outdoor floor structure of the water tank has a groove parallel to the joint below the joints of the various boards, and one end of each groove is continuous with the above-mentioned drainage groove. This outdoor floor structure does not need to make the lower part of the floor into a complicated shape, but can minimize the manufacturing cost of the floor. A groove is formed below the joint between the floors, and the groove is used to receive the infiltration from the floor. Draining it with water can improve the waterproof performance. [Summary of the Invention] (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, it is necessary to provide a waterproof substrate on the lower side of each panel to form a drainage groove continuous to the side of each panel or a joint between the panels. The bottom is formed with a groove parallel to the joint, and one end of each groove needs to be continuous with the drainage groove, and the structure is complicated and expensive. The outdoor wooden floor is called a flooring component ’and it is more desirable to use a material that looks warmer -4-(2) (2) 200416334. However, because it will be wet by rainwater, it is necessary to consider drainage. As mentioned above, the cost of installing a complicated drainage structure in the floor material will be high. If the above drainage structure is not adopted, if the floor materials are tightly connected, the drainage performance will be poor, and the floor will be lifted due to the absorption of water. Therefore, a hard floor that does not easily swell with water absorption was used. However, even if a hard board 1 is used, it is difficult to reliably prevent the warping phenomenon. On the other hand, if a gap is provided between adjacent plates, the drainage performance is improved, and by improving the drainage performance, the warping phenomenon can be suppressed. However, if there is a gap between the adjacent floors that runs under the floor, the construction quality will inevitably be reduced. The technical problem of the present invention is to focus on this problem, and provide a floor material and a floor structure with good drainage properties that do not degrade construction quality (means for solving the problem). The technical problem of the present invention can be solved by The methods described above are used to resolve. According to the first invention, the one-side side end in the major axis direction of the floor panel is formed into a groove shape, and the other side end is formed as a ridge having a size that can be fitted into the groove of the adjacent floor panel, and The protruding amount of the strip is greater than the depth of the above grooves. One side end of the long-axis direction of the floor board is formed into a groove shape, and the other side end is formed to fit into the groove of the adjacent floor board. Size of the ridge, and the protrusion of the ridge is greater than the -5- (3) · (3) · 200416334 depth of the groove, so when laying the floor board, the side ridges are embedded into the adjacent The groove of the floor board makes the part of the root side of the convex strip that cannot be inserted into the groove become a drainage groove. Therefore, it is possible to collect water into the drainage groove without interposing a gap penetrating to the back surface between the adjacent floor boards, and the water can be effectively drained. As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress the floor material from absorbing water to swell or cause it to swell. The second invention is directed to the first invention, and a through-hole for drainage is provided on the root side of the groove that cannot be inserted into the groove of the adjacent floor panel, because the protrusion cannot be inserted into the adjacent floor. The root side of the groove of the plate is provided with a drainage through hole. When the floor plate is laid, the water flowing into the drainage groove formed on the root side of the convex strip can effectively flow out to the through hole. Drain the water from the lower side. A third invention is directed to the first or second invention, wherein one side of the floor board is formed into a flat shape, and the other side is formed into a concave-convex shape. Since one side of the above-mentioned floor board is formed into a flat shape and the other side is formed into a concave-convex shape, when laying the floor board, one of the flat surface or the uneven surface may be formed according to the requirements of the laying place or the constructor. Lay up. According to the fourth invention, a groove formed in one end of the floor panel in the long axis direction is embedded in a convex strip on the other end of the adjacent floor panel, and the root of the convex strip is left outside and not embedded. Into the groove to form a drainage groove. When the protruding amount of the protruding strip is greater than the depth of the groove, it cannot be -6- (4) (4) 200416334 The excess part embedded in the groove will form a drainage groove, but the protruding amount of the protruding strip is related to the groove When the depth is the same or smaller than the depth of the groove, it is easy to fix the floor panel to the crossbar in the state where the partition member is inserted into the adjacent floor panel at the root of the convex strip. The drain groove is formed to have a certain width. The groove formed in one end of the floor board in the long axis direction is embedded in the convex strip on the other end of the adjacent floor board, and the root of the convex strip is left outside to not be inserted into the concave. Groove to form a drainage groove, so the water on the floor surface will flow into the drainage groove, and it is easy to drain water. As a result, the phenomenon that the floor material absorbs moisture and swells or warps can be effectively suppressed. The fifth invention is directed to the fourth invention. By making the protrusion of the ridge more than the depth of the groove, even if the ridge is embedded in the groove, the root side portion of the ridge is also It will not be embedded in the above groove and will remain as a drainage groove. By making the protruding amount of the ridge greater than the depth of the groove, even if the ridge is embedded in the groove, the root side portion of the ridge will not be embedded in the groove and will remain. The lower part is used as a drainage groove, and the convex strip is embedded in the groove to improve the connectivity between adjacent floors, so that water on the floor surface can flow into the drainage groove to effectively drain water. A sixth invention is directed to the fifth invention, in which a through hole for drainage is provided on the root side of the groove which cannot be fitted into the adjacent floor board, because the protrusion cannot be fitted into the adjacent floor board. The root side of the groove (5) (5) 200416334 is provided with a through hole for drainage. The water flowing into the drainage groove formed on the convex strip easily flows from the through hole to the lower side, allowing the drainage operation to be performed more reliably. . A seventh invention is the fourth, fifth, or sixth invention, wherein one surface of the floor panel is formed into a flat shape, and the other surface is formed into an uneven shape. Since one side of the floor board is formed into a flat shape and the other side is formed into a concave-convex shape, when laying the floor board, one side of the flat surface or the concave-convex surface may be faced according to the requirements of the laying place or the constructor. When laying on top, the degree of freedom of choice will increase. The eighth invention is directed to the fourth, fifth, sixth, or seventh invention, and the nail is driven into the crossbar from the corner of the root of the convex strip to be fixed. As described above, the nail is driven into the crossbar from the corner of the root of the convex strip to be fixed, so the fixed nail will not be exposed on the floor, not only the appearance is good, but also there is no danger of being hooked by the nail. Achieve safe wooden floor construction. [Embodiment] Next, an embodiment embodying the floor panel and the floor structure of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a floor panel according to the present invention. The floor panel P has an uneven surface on the upper surface portion 1. That is, in the example shown in the figure, the cross-sectional shape is formed into a wavy shape by continuously forming numerous fish-plate-like convex strips. In contrast, the back surface, that is, the lower surface portion 2, is formed flat. When using it, either side is up. The floor panel P has a groove 3 formed by forming the one-side side end in the long axis direction into a groove shape (6) (6) 200416334. In contrast, a ridge 4 is formed on the side end of the other side. The floor panel P, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, is laid by inserting the ridges 4 of the floor panel P into the grooves 3 of the adjacent floor panel P. Therefore, the ridges 4 of the floor boards are formed in a size that can be fitted into the grooves 3 of the adjacent floor boards. In addition, the grooves 3 · · and the ridges 4 · · of the plate materials P · · are of the same size. The protrusion X of the ridge 4 can be made the same size as the depth of the groove, although it is impossible to make it smaller than the depth of the groove 3, and in order to form the drainage groove 6 described later, it is better to make the protrusion X larger than the groove. 3 depth. The ridge 4 is provided with an elongated through hole 5 for drainage. Although the length of the floor panel P is not particularly limited, it is usually standardized to be about 120 cm to 300 cm, for example, 60 cm, and the through hole 5 is preferably provided with a plurality of 30 cm intervals. Each. The thickness of the floor panel P is preferably about 2 to 3 cm. Although the width is not particularly limited, it can be from 7 to 8 cm to 20 cm. Although the material is not particularly limited, hard materials such as Indonesian ironwood or Brazil's Yibei are suitable. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a state where a plurality of the flooring materials P are laid. During the laying, although the convex strip 4 of the adjacent floor board is embedded in the above-mentioned groove 3, even if the convex strip 4 is embedded in the groove 3 ', the protruding amount X of the convex strip 4 is larger than that of the groove 3. Depth, a groove 6 for drainage is formed at the root of the ridge 4. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of such a laid state. Section 2 without the through-hole 5 in FIG. 2 becomes section 3 (1) °, which is -9-(7) (7) 200416334. That is, because the protruding amount X of the ridge 4 is greater than the groove 3 Therefore, when the ridge 4 is embedded in the groove 3, the root portion of the ridge 4 cannot enter the groove 3, leaving a width W. The remaining part of the root of the ridge 4 becomes the drain groove 6 of Fig. 2. Although the protrusion amount X of the ridge 4 is the same as or smaller than the depth of the groove 3, as long as the ridge 4 is shallowly embedded in the groove 3, the drainage groove 6 can also be formed, but here In the case where it is not embedded in the groove 3, the bonding strength of adjacent floor boards may be reduced. However, as shown in Fig. 5, it is sufficient to adhere to the crossbar 9 with an adhesive 11. When the position of the through hole 5 in the second figure is sectioned, it becomes the third figure (2). That is, an elongated through-hole 5 is opened at the root of the ridge 4, so that in a state where the ridge 4 is embedded in the groove 3, the through-hole 5 will be located at the drainage groove 6. As a result, the water flowing into the drain groove 6 from the upper surface of the floor will flow down from the through hole 5 and the water will not accumulate in the drain groove 6 for a long time. In the case where no through hole 5 is provided, as long as a structure is provided in which water collecting drainage grooves are provided at both ends of each drainage groove 6, water in each drainage groove 6 will flow into the water collecting drainage grooves at both ends, and Water can be discharged to the outside through the water collection drainage groove. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 4, the convex strip 4 is made thinner, and a circuitous drainage path is formed with a notch 8 at the front end, so that the water in the drainage groove 6 can be guided to the lower side. In other words, if "the recesses 7 and 7 are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the ridge 4", the thickness of the portion of the ridge 4 is partially reduced. -10- (8) 200416334 Therefore, if the ridge 4 is fitted into the groove 3 of the adjacent floor board, 'water flowing into the drainage groove 6 on the ridge 4' will be removed from the upper surface of the ridge 4 The recessed portion 7 passes through the notch 8 at the front end, is wound around the recessed portion 7 side of the lower portion of the ridge 4, and flows down to the lower side. The thin plate portions of the ridges 4 are provided at a pitch of about 30 cm, for example, similarly to the through holes 5. The width of the recesses 7 and 7 may be the same as the length of the through-holes 5, for example, about 3 to 5 cm. The depth is arbitrary ', for example, 1 to 3 mm may be used. _ Instead of the concave portions 7 and 7 parallel to each other on the upper and lower sides of the convex strip 4, a tapered inclined water path as shown by dotted lines 7a and 7a may be formed. On the other hand, the groove 3 side may be formed in a tapered shape such as a dotted line at positions corresponding to the concave portions 7a and 7a. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the fixing portion of the panel board to the crossbar. On the lower side of each floor panel P, for example, crossbars 9 are arranged at intervals of about 60 cm, and each floor panel P is nailed to the crossbar with nails. At this time, 'the nail 10 is nailed from the corner of the four ridges of the floor panel at the end to the cross 9 and fixed. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the nail 10 is driven into the corner, and driven in the direction of the arrow 1. On the horizontal wood 9, press the groove 3 side of the adjacent next floor board P toward the convex strip 4 side of the previously nailed floor board, and by inserting the convex strip 4 into the groove 3, press The groove 3 is supported and fixed on the convex strip 4 side. The floor board P can also be fixed to the crossbar 9 ′ with an adhesive 11 1, or a nail fixing method and an adhesive fixing method can be used at the same time. As shown in FIG. 4, when the recessed portions 7, 7 or inclined recessed portions 7a, 7a, and the notches -11-(9) (9) 200416334 8 are formed in the entire portion of the convex strip 4, since the entire length is covered with the groove 3 Since it will become a gap of the bypass drainage path, the bonding force between the groove 3 and the ridge 4 cannot be expected. However, as long as it is fixed to the cross-bar 9 with an adhesive Η, there is no problem. In such a case where a gap is formed over the entire length, a certain gap can be formed as long as the partition member is inserted into the drainage groove 6 and fixed with an adhesive 11. As shown in FIG. 5, if the nail 10 is driven from the corner of the root of the convex strip 4, the head of the nail is located at the corner, which is different from the case where the nail is driven from the upper surface of the local board. The head of the nail will not expose the floor to the detrimental appearance, and it will not be dangerous due to protrusion. There is no particular limitation on the type of nails that are driven into the corners, and stainless steel is preferred because it does not cause rust. In addition to the general shape of nails, U-shaped nails are also suitable. As described above, when the floor board of the present invention is used for laying, even if the rain drops on the ground, it will directly flow into the drainage groove 6 formed on the convex strip 4 between the adjacent floor boards, and then pass from the through hole 5 Or the circuitous drainage path flows down and drains water to the lower side, so that water does not accumulate in the drainage trench 6 for a long time. As a result, it is possible to suppress the floor board from absorbing water and swelling, which may cause warping. The floor panel P has a flat surface on one side and a concave-convex surface on the other side, so that one side of the flat surface 2 and the concave-convex surface 1 can be laid up according to the laying place or the requirements of the constructor. When the concave-convex surface 1 faces upward, it can prevent slipping and prevent full water intrusion. -12- (10) (10) 200416334 The floor structure of the present invention can also be applied to a ship, it can also be used on the outer layer or balcony, walkway, pier, pontoon of a building, it can also be used for bathroom drain floor, and it is also applicable Measures for sports or sports. It can also be used indoors where it will not get wet by water. (Effects of the Invention) As in the first invention, the one-side side end of the long-axis direction of the floor board is formed in a groove shape, and the other side end is formed in a size that can be fitted into the groove of the adjacent floor Φ board. And the protrusion of the protrusion is greater than the depth of the groove, so when laying the floor board, by inserting the side protrusion into the groove of the adjacent floor board, the root side of the protrusion The part that cannot fit into the groove becomes a drainage groove. Therefore, it is possible to collect water into the drainage groove without interposing a gap penetrating to the back surface between the adjacent floor boards, and the water can be effectively drained. As a result, it is possible to effectively suppress the floor material from absorbing water to swell or cause it to swell. Φ As in the second invention, a through hole for drainage is provided on the root side of the groove that cannot be fitted into the adjacent groove of the floor board. When the floor board is laid, it flows into the root side of the groove. The water formed in the drainage groove can be effectively discharged to the lower side through the through hole to drain water. According to the third invention, one side of the above-mentioned floor board is formed into a flat shape, and the other side is formed into a concave-convex shape. Therefore, when laying the floor board, the flat surface or the uneven surface can be ′ With one side facing up. -13- (11) (11) 200416334 As in the fourth invention, since the groove formed in one end of the long axis direction of the floor board is 'embedded in a convex strip on the other end of the adjacent floor board' and borrows The drainage groove is formed by leaving the root of the convex strip outside and not inserted into the groove, so that water on the floor surface flows into the drainage groove and is easy to drain. As a result, the floor material can effectively suppress the phenomenon that the floor material absorbs moisture and swells or warps. According to the fifth invention, by making the protruding amount of the ridge greater than the depth of the groove, even if the ridge is embedded in the groove, the root side portion of the ridge is not embedded in the above. The grooves will be left as drainage grooves. The convex strips are embedded in the grooves to improve the connectivity between adjacent floors, so that water on the floor surface can flow into the drainage grooves to effectively drain water. According to the sixth invention, since a through hole for drainage is provided on the root side of the convex part that cannot be fitted into the adjacent floor plate, water flowing into the drainage groove formed on the convex part is easy to pass through the through hole. Flow to the lower side to allow the drainage operation to proceed more reliably. According to the seventh invention, one side of the floor board is formed into a flat shape, and the other side is formed into a concave-convex shape. Therefore, when laying the floor board, the flat surface or the uneven surface can be formed according to the requirements of the laying place or the builder. With one side facing up, the freedom of choice will increase. According to the eighth invention, as described above, the nail is driven into the crossbar from the corner of the root of the convex strip to be fixed. Therefore, the fixed nail will not be exposed on the floor, and not only the appearance is good, but also there will be no nail hooks. To the danger that can be achieved with a safe wooden floor construction. -14-(12) 200416334 [Brief description of the drawings] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a piece of the flooring material of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a state where a plurality of the above-mentioned floor boards are laid. Fig. 3 (1) is a cross-sectional view at the A-A position in Fig. 2 and (2) is a cross-sectional view at the B-B position in the Fig. 2. FIG. 4 is a display diagram of a bypass drainage channel instead of a through hole. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the fixing portion of the floor panel to the cross beam. φ [Comparison table of main components] P: Flooring board 1: Concave and convex surface 2 · Flat surface 3: Groove 4: Protrusion 5: Through hole 6: Drain groove 7: Recess 8: Notch 9: Crossbar 1 0: Nail 1 1: Adhesive-15-