TW200933019A - Process and apparatus for generating hydrogen enriched fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

A process (10) and apparatus (50) for generating hydrogen enriched fuel for an internal combustion engine is provided. Tap water is softened with industrial salts in a water softening chamber (55) and passes into a solution chamber (60) and thereafter into an electrolysis chamber (65). In the electrolysis chamber (65) the water solution is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen molecules by application of a pulsating direct current. The generated hydrogen molecules are purified and stored in a hydrogen collector (75). The dissociated oxygen molecules are saturated in and re-circulated with the water solution from the electrolysis chamber to the solution chamber (60). A primary fossil fuel from a vehicle fuel tank is sent to a frothing cylinder where it is passed through a perforated tube (81) so as to create turbulence. Thereafter, the frothed fuel is mixed with the collected pure hydrogen in a mixing cylinder (80) thereby forming a hydrogen saturated fuel. The hydrogen enriched fuel may be delivered directly to an internal combustion engine, or may be stored prior to such a delivery.

Description

200933019 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to the manufacture of an improved fuel source, and more particularly to the manufacture of a hydrogen-rich fuel for an internal combustion engine. 5 Ο 10 15 ❹ 20 [Prior Art] At present, the internal combustion engine is mainly powered by fossil fuels and specific petroleum derivatives, including gasoline, diesel and natural gas. Alternatives to the power of many internal combustion engines have been proposed, including solar and ethanol. However, there are no viable products to replace fossil fuels to date. Moreover, the price of derivative fuels for petrochemical fuels has increased significantly recently. Therefore, the efficiency of the internal combustion engine becomes more important. The present invention seeks to improve the fuel efficiency of internal combustion engines. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to a first aspect of the present invention, a process for producing a hydrogen-rich fuel for an internal combustion engine is provided, comprising the steps of: 1. providing an aqueous solution; 2. separating and removing hydrogen from the aqueous solution; a source of primary fossil fuel; 4. foaming the fuel; and 5. mixing the removed hydrogen with the foamed fuel. Thus, the present invention provides a process for converting a primary fuel such as gasoline, diesel, natural gas, bunker or coal to a more efficient fuel. 5 200933019 Before mixing the fuel with the released helium, in order to improve the efficiency of the subsequent mixing step, the fuel is foamed by introducing it into the turbulent flow. When the hydrogen-saturated fuel of the present invention is formed and introduced into a combustion chamber, two procedures can occur: 5 ❹ 10 15 ❿ 20 1. Normal combustion procedure of the fuel; and 2. 环境 and ambient air introduced into the chamber The nitrogen of heat is fused to each other. By saturating the hydrogen in the fuel, the power generated by each combustion cycle is increased' and thus at the same power output, the fuel required in the combustion chamber is reduced compared to conventional fuel sources. The aqueous solution used to generate hydrogen molecules can include tap water, which means that water can be taken directly from domestic or commercial water. The water can be softened first before the extraction of the wind step. Water can be treated with any substance that reduces its hardness, usually by precipitation or absorption of calcium and magnesium ions. For example, 'magnesium sulfate can be used as a compound that softens water. When water molecules (HA) are decomposed to generate hydrogen, oxygen atoms are produced together in a 2η2〇 ► 2Η2+〇2 reaction. In some embodiments, the oxygen released in the reaction is recovered with the aqueous solution and is again produced by the reaction to produce hydrogen. The step of generating hydrazine may include an electrolysis step in which hydrogen molecules of the diatomic atoms are separated from the oxygen molecules. This can be achieved by introducing a pulsating direct current into a cathode and anode immersed in the aqueous solution. The ratio of primary fuel to hydrogen is important and affects the efficiency and saturation of the mixing. In one embodiment, the ratio of hydrogen mixed to fuel is 5 ppm per liter. 6 200933019 After manufacturing a hydrogen-rich fuel, it can be directly input into an internal combustion engine, or the hydrogen-rich fuel can be stored before being input to an internal combustion engine. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for producing a hydrogen-rich fuel for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a solution tank for storing an aqueous solution; and a hydrogen generating tank for receiving water from the solution tank, And separating and removing hydrogen molecules from oxygen molecules; a fuel bubbling device for creating turbulence in the primary fossil fuel; and a 10 - mixing tank for receiving separated hydrogen and the foamed fuel Produce hydrogen-rich fuel. The fuel frothing device is used to create turbulent flow in the fuel prior to mixing the separated hydrogen. In one embodiment, the mixing tank includes a tube structure with a row of holes. When the fuel is placed in the turbulent flow through the structure with the rows of holes, then the subsequent mixing is improved. The hydrogen generating tank may include an electrolytic tank. In this case, the water collected by the solution tank is subjected to a pulse current, and the decomposition water is hydrogen and oxygen molecules. The rate of this reaction and the rate at which the gas is produced can be controlled by varying the voltage applied to the electrolysis device. 20 The apparatus may further comprise a water softening tank for treating the water to form an aqueous solution. Therefore, the water can be introduced into the water softening tank before being transferred to the solution tank. The apparatus may further comprise means for recycling the oxygen molecules from the electrolysis cell with the aqueous solution for return to the solution tank. When hydrogen is separated and removed from aqueous solution 7 200933019, the remaining aqueous solution and co-generated oxygen molecules can be transported back to the solution tank/cavity. The apparatus may further include a catalyst outlet tank for allowing hydrogen to exit the hydrogen generating tank' but avoiding the passage of oxygen. The apparatus may further include a hydrogen collector for purifying hydrogen and storing it prior to delivery to the mixing tank. The apparatus may further include a storage tank for storing hydrogen-rich fuel from the mixing tank. Therefore, the hydrogen-rich fuel discharged from the mixing tank can be sent directly to an internal combustion engine, or sent to the storage tank for storage before being sent to the internal combustion engine. The apparatus may further include a bypass configuration for bypassing the mixing tank if hydrogen fails. If an error in hydrogen generation is detected, fuel may not be delivered to the mixing tank and delivered directly to the internal combustion engine, in which case the engine will operate at its normal fuel consumption rate. The third aspect of the present invention provides an internal combustion engine fuel supply system' which includes the apparatus for producing a hydrogen rich fuel as described herein. Q According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an internal combustion engine configuration is provided which includes a fuel supply system as described. [Embodiment] First, please refer to FIG. 1 first, which is a process for generally producing a hydrogen-rich fuel, which is indicated as 10. A water supply end 12 provides tap water which is softened by a magnesium sulfate industrial salt 14 to produce an aqueous solution 16. In step 18, the aqueous solution 16 is electrolyzed by applying a pulsed direct current 20 to the source supply 22 of an adjustable 12 volt power supply. Electrolysis step 18 is used to separate hydrogen 24 from oxygen 26. Oxygen 26 is returned to aqueous solution 16 via circulation. Hydrogen 24 is separated from aqueous solution 16 and mixed with a source of refractory fuel 30 at step 28. Mixing step 28 produces a hydrogen rich fuel 32. Fuel 32 may be delivered to storage unit 34 or directly to engine 36. Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a general fuel conversion device, designated 50. The general apparatus 50 includes: a water softening tank 55 - an aqueous solution tank 60; an electrolytic tank 65; a catalyst outlet tank 70; a helium gas collecting tank 75; and a mixing tank 80. The water softening tank 55 has a water inlet 56 for receiving a certain amount of domestic tap water. The water softening tank 55 includes a quantity of magnesium sulfate to soften the water from the inlet 56. The softened water exits the water softening tank from the outlet 57. 55 ° The water softening tank outlet 57 outputs demineralized water and enters the prepared aqueous tank 60. A feed pump 61 delivers demineralized water from the aqueous solution tank 60 to the electrolytic cell 65 via a check valve 62. Within electrolytic cell 65, the aqueous solution is applied with a pulsed direct current (DC) current supplied to the anode and cathode plates 66 immersed in tank 65. A liquid level detection 9 200933019 The device 67 monitors the amount of the skin, the text, the county w aqueous solution in the electrolytic cell 65, and uses the aqueous solution to supply the material.

61 maintain the liquid level. The electrolysis of the aqueous solution in the K tank 65 causes the water molecules in the demineralized water to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen and oxygen are supplied from the catalyst outlet tank 7G. The tank 7q only allows the gas to pass through 5 ❹ 10 15 并 and prevents oxygen from being detached from the tank 70. Next, the oxygen is sent back to the electrolytic cell and mixed back into the aqueous solution, and then returned to the aqueous solution tank 60 by the feedback pump 72 and the check valve 71. Hydrogen is pumped from the catalyst outlet tank 7 to the nitrogen collection tank 75 by the gas pump 73. The hydrogen collection tank 75 separates hydrogen from any other residual gas transported through the electrolytic cell 65. A pressure detector 76 monitors the pressure of hydrogen in the argon collecting tank 75 and displays the pressure of hydrogen by a pressure indicator 76a. A pressure relief valve 75a is provided as a safety device in the hydrogen collection tank. Pure hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen collection tank 75 through the check valve 84 to the mixing cylinder 80 at a pressure of about 34.47 kPa (5 psi). The fuel is supplied from the fuel inlet 85 through the perforated pipe 81 in the tank 80 into the mixing tank 80, so that the fuel is bubbled while entering the mixing tank 8〇. The hydrogen-rich fuel exits the mixing tank 8 from the fuel outlet 86. The inlet/outlet configuration of the fuel includes a bypass valve 87 that allows the fuel to bypass the mixing tank 8 when the hydrogen generation error occurs (the fuel is supplied to the combustion by the fuel outlet 86) The engine slams into the fuel injection system. See circle 3' for the electrical block diagram of fuel converter 50. Figure 2 shows the electrical components: a power supply line 90; 20 200933019 5 ❹ 10 15 ❹ 20 a voltage Regulator 91; a micro-controller 92; aqueous solution supply and feedback pump 93; aqueous solution supply and feedback solenoid 94; pressure switch 95; gas detection switch 96; thermometer 97; electrolyzer power supply card 98; 99; power converter 100; electrolytic bath level detector 101; gas pulse pump power supply 102; and bypass switching power supply 103. See Figure 4' for the detailed structure of water softening tank 55. A universal parallelepiped 55a includes a water inlet 56 and a water outlet 57 on the same top surface. The groove 55a is substantially sized as shown in the drawing. See Figure 5 for details of the aqueous solution tank 60. The groove 6A includes a common parallel hexahedron 60a. The groove 60 has a softened water inlet 63 on one side wall thereof and a softened water outlet on the opposite side wall. See Figure 6' for a detailed presentation. The electrolytic cell slot 65 includes a generally parallelepiped 65a, which in this embodiment is formed by a rigid plastic housing. The body 65 is presented in a manner to remove the outer casing to reveal internal components. The body 65 houses a The cathode formed by the two rectangular plates 66a, 66b and the anode formed by the two rectangular plates 66c, 66d. A softened aqueous solution into the 11 200933019 port 68 and a solution feedback outlet 69 are disposed at opposite ends of one of the side walls of the body 65a. The gas outlet 69 is disposed on the top surface of the body 65a. 5 〇10 15 20 See Figures 7a and 7b, which are detailed structures of the catalyst outlet groove. The groove includes a cylindrical copper casing 74a that houses an aluminum. The cylindrical body 74b of the wire mesh. One end of the groove 70 is connected to the gas outlet 69 of the electrolytic cell 65, and the other end is connected to the check valve 84. Referring to Fig. 8, it is a detailed structure of the hydrogen collecting tank 75. The groove 75 includes A general cylinder 75a. Body housing A magnesium film 78 receives the gas from the catalyst outlet tank through the inlet 77a. The purified hydrogen is discharged from the tank 75 via the outlet 77b. The tank 75a includes a valve 79 having a pressure relief valve and a water dispersion valve. Referring to Figures 9a and 9b, which are the detailed construction of the mixing tank 80. The tank 80 includes a general cap-type body 8A, which is covered by a cover 83. The lid 83 has a gas inlet 82, a A fuel inlet 85 and a fuel outlet 86. The fuel inlet 85 is connected to a tubular fuel conduit 81 which includes a plurality of holes 81a'. The holes 81a allow fuel to flow through the tube 81 into the interior of the tank 80 which is miscible with hydrogen. The cover 83 further includes a pair of inlaid holes 83a. See Figure 1 〇, which is a fuel supply system, labeled i 5〇. System 150 includes a microcontroller 192 for controlling the operation of the system. The aqueous solution tank 160 supplies the demineralized water to the electrolytic cell 165 by the supply pump 161. The hydrogen separated by the electrolytic cell 165 is sent to the hydrogen collecting tank 175 through a catalyst supply line (not shown). The collecting tank supplies pure hydrogen into the mixing tank 18. The fuel is supplied from a carrier fuel tank into the bubble cylinder 181. It is separated from the mixing tank 180 and placed outside in this embodiment. Before the hydrogenated fuel is fed into the load 12 200933019 'with the fuel pump, the foamed fuel is sent to the mixing tank 180 where it is mixed with pure hydrogen. According to the test results of the fuel supply system of the process and apparatus of the present invention, the fuel efficiency is significantly increased as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

❹ 13 200933019

Table 1 Hydrogen saturation test results Test cycle per smoldering-consumption fuel type April 2006 Normal Nh2 Diesel gasoline First 曰25 liters 17.40 X Second 曰25 liters 20.00 X Third 曰25 liters 16.50 X Fourth 曰25 liters 18.50 X Fifth 曰25 liters 16.70 X Sixth 曰25 liters 17.00 X Average 16.90 X Average 18.50 X May 4, 2006 First 1616.80 X Second 16 16.50 X Third 曰木17.00 X Fourth 曰* 16.50 X Fifth Sample 17.20 X Sixth Level 16.90 X Average 16.83 May 14, 2006 First Level 16.00 X Second Level* 16.40 X Third Version 16.00 X Fourth Level 16.50 X Fifth Page* 16.20 X Sixth sample 16.50 X Average 16.30 3 series test average 16.68 X 25 16.68 Fuel use reduced by 33% 8.32 33% 16.70 X 14 200933019 Table 2 Nitrogen saturation test results Hydrogen volume 34.47 kPa (5 psi) / 5 ppm Test cycle per 曰 fuel Fuel consumption type June 1, 2006 Normal Nh2 Diesel 45% Gasoline 30% First 曰25 liters 17.60 33%曰25 liters 15.40 Third 曰25 liters 14.50 Fourth 曰25 liters 13.70 Fifth 曰25 liters 13.00 Sixth 曰25 liters 13.00 43.3% Average this average June 8, 2006 First 氺本氺 12.80 49% Second曰*木12.50 木三曰本氺12.60 The fourth 曰氺12.60 幸五曰本木12.50 The sixth 曰氺木12.40 50.1 Average June 14, 2006 first book 14.20 45% Second曰14.00 This third 曰13.90 木四曰** 14.20 The fifth 1414.00 * The sixth 曰冰本14.00 45% The average 3 series test average this note 50.10% The critical point height engine change 45% The ideal setting minimum engine Change** Normal fuel consumption value 15 200933019 Depends on assessment data

Nh2 - Fuel Supply System According to the Invention The present invention can be easily manufactured in other specific forms without departing from the scope of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative only and not limiting, and the scope of the invention is the scope of the claims, rather than the above description, and therefore all changes within the scope thereof are included Within the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [Brief Description of the Invention] The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram for producing a hydrogen-rich fuel according to the present invention. 2 is a schematic illustration of a fuel converter formed in accordance with the present invention. 15 ❹ Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrical components operated by the converter of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the water softening tank portion of the converter of Figure 2.囷5 is a perspective view of the solution tank portion of the converter of Fig. 2. The circle 6 is the vertical diagram of the electrolytic cell portion of the converter of Fig. 2: the outer ring 7a is removed as the catalyst outlet of the converter of Fig. 2. The longitudinal section circle 7b of the groove portion is a sectional view of the groove of Fig. 7a along the line XX. Figure 8 is a cross section of the hydrogen collector portion of the converter of Figure 2. Figure 9a is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the mixing tank portion of the converter of Figure 2 ® Λ t β 1 . Figure 9b is a plan view of the mixing tank of the crucible 9a. 16 200933019 • Figure 10 is a fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine formed in accordance with the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 hydrogen-rich fuel process 12 water supply terminal 14 industrial salt 16 aqueous solution 18 step 20 pulse direct current 22 power supply 24 hydrogen 26 oxygen 28 mixing step 30 petrochemical fuel source 32 hydrogen-rich fuel 34 storage unit 36 engine 50 fuel conversion device 55 water softening tank 55a parallelepiped 56 inlet 57 outlet 60 aqueous solution tank

76 pressure detector 76a pressure indicator 77a inlet 77b outlet 78 magnesium film 79 valve 80 mixing tank 80a cap-type body 81 perforated tube 81 a hole 83 cover 83a inlay hole 84 check valve 85 fuel inlet 86 fuel outlet 87 bypass Valve 90 power supply line 91 voltage regulator 92 micro-controller 93 aqueous solution supply and feedback pump 17 200933019 60a parallelepiped 94 aqueous solution supply and feedback solenoid 61 supply pump 95 pressure switch 62 check valve 96 gas detection switch 63 softened water inlet 97 thermometer 65 electrolytic cell 98 electrolytic cell power supply card 65a parallelepiped 99 electrolytic cell power supply 66 anode and cathode plate 100 power converter 66a, 66b, 66c, 66d rectangular plate 101 electrolytic cell level detection 67 liquid level detector 102 gas pulse pump power supply 68 softened aqueous solution inlet 103 bypass switching power supply 69 solution feedback outlet 150 system 70 catalyst outlet tank 160 tank 71 check valve 161 supply pump 72 feedback pump 165 electrolytic tank 73 Gas pump 175 tank 74a cylindrical copper housing 180 mixing tank 74b cylinder 181 cylinder 75 hydrogen collecting tank 192 micro controller 75a pressure relief valve 18

Claims (1)

200933019 X. Patent application scope: 1. A process for producing a hydrogen-rich fuel for an internal combustion engine, comprising: providing an aqueous solution according to step: i); 5 ❹ 10 15 ❹ ii) separating and removing hydrogen from the aqueous solution; iii) Providing a primary source of fossil fuel; iv) foaming the fuel; and V) mixing the displaced hydrogen with the foamed fuel. 2. The process described in item i of the patent scope, wherein the aqueous solution comprises tap water. 3. If you apply for a patent scope! The process of item 2 or 2, wherein prior to step ii), a demineralized water step is performed. 4. The process of claim 2 or 2, wherein when hydrogen is separated in step ii), the oxygen produced is recovered together with the aqueous solution. 5. The process of claim 1, wherein step u) comprises an electrolysis step (18) wherein the diatomic hydrogen molecules are separated from the oxygen molecules. 6. The process of claim 2, wherein step iv) comprises delivering the fuel via a perforated tube (81). 7. The process of claim 1, wherein in step v), the ratio of mixed hydrogen to the foamed fuel is 5 ounces per liter. 8. The process of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-rich fuel is directly input to an internal combustion engine after step v). 20 200933019 9. The process of claim 2 or 2, wherein after the step v), the hydrogen-rich fuel is stored prior to input to an internal combustion engine. 10. A device for producing a hydrogen-rich fuel for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a 1-cell tank (60) for storing an aqueous solution (16); a nitrogen generating tank (65) for receiving a solution tank And the water is separated and removed from the oxygen molecules; a fuel bubbling device (81) for producing turbulent flow in the main fossil fuel (3〇); and 1〇 mixed σ groove (8 〇) for receiving separated hydrogen and the foamed fuel to produce a hydrogen-rich fuel (32). 11. The device of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen generating tank comprises an electrolytic cell (65). 12. If the device described in claim 1 or item u, 15 further comprises a water-softening tank (55) for treating water* forming-water solution (16) 〇13. The device of any of the preceding claims, wherein the fuel frothing device (81) is located in the mixing tank (10). 14. The device of claim 20, wherein the foaming device comprises a perforated tube (8 in (four) (four) through the perforated tube. K is in the middle of the special (four) circumference 1G item Or the device of item [i] further includes a storage tank (34) for storing hydrogen-rich fuel from the mixing tank (80). 25 16. If the patent application scope is 10 items or The apparatus of any of the above-mentioned 20 200933019, further comprising a device (71, 72) for recycling the dissolved oxygen molecules with an aqueous solution such as (four) quinone (71, 72) with an aqueous solution. Oxygen outlet: (7〇), ... Xu gas from the gas 18. As claimed in the scope of the application of the scope of the first or the second item, including a hydrogen gas collector door "a" a collector (75) for storing the removed hydrogen prior to mixing with the foamed fuel. ❹ 10 19. The device of any one of claim 10 or claim Including a bypass unit (87), if the process of generating hydrogen fails, 'to bypass the mixing tank (80). 20· A supply system comprising the apparatus for producing a hydrogen-rich fuel as described in any one of claims 10 or 11 of the patent application. 15 ❹ 21