TW200938579A - Flame-retardant polyolefin/thermoplastic polyurethane composition - Google Patents
Flame-retardant polyolefin/thermoplastic polyurethane composition Download PDFInfo
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- TW200938579A TW200938579A TW098103854A TW98103854A TW200938579A TW 200938579 A TW200938579 A TW 200938579A TW 098103854 A TW098103854 A TW 098103854A TW 98103854 A TW98103854 A TW 98103854A TW 200938579 A TW200938579 A TW 200938579A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing atoms other than carbon or hydrogen
- C08L23/0853—Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers
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- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
- C08L75/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
- C08L75/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L85/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage in the main chain of the macromolecule containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and carbon; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L85/02—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage in the main chain of the macromolecule containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and carbon; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers containing phosphorus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/302—Polyurethanes or polythiourethanes; Polyurea or polythiourea
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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Description
200938579 六、發明說明: t發明所眉技術領域】 本發明係關於一種用於電線及電纜應用之阻燃調配 物。特別是,本發明係關於一種用於電線用護套、電纜用 5 護套、擠壓板及擠塑型材(extruded profile)之無鹵素阻燃性 聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯調配物。 C先前技術3 以金屬水合物為基礎的聚烯烴化合物及以膨脹為基礎 〇 的聚烯烴化合物無法同時獲得工業需要的火焰及機械性 10 質。值得注意的是,以40-50重量百分比之負載加入阻燃充 填劑以便獲得好的燃燒測試性能將造成所產生的聚婦烴化 • 合物具有差的機械性質。就其本身而論,想要提供一具有優 良的機械性質之聚烯烴組成物,諸如高伸張率、高彈性(低 模數)、好的抗張強度及改良的變形溫度和優良的燃燒性能。 15 【發明内容】 為此目的,提供本發明之組成物,其包含一聚烯煙、 ® —熱塑性聚胺曱酸酯及一膨脹型多磷酸鹽阻燃劑。特別 是,本發明逹成伸張率>400%及張力強度>1500碎/平方英 寸,然而相同的聚烯烴僅逹成100%的伸張率及<1〇〇〇磅/平 20 方英寸的抗張強度。同樣地,本發明顯示出改良的帶擠壓 陡月b(對僅有TPU的可比較組成物),此指示出可用於擠壓應 用之改良的熔融流變學/製造能力。本發明在製備電線及電 纜護套與其它擠壓物件(諸如,板及型材)上特別有用。 本發明之組成物包含一聚稀烴、一熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯 200938579 及一膨脹型多磷酸鹽阻燃組成物。目前所描述的組成物無 鹵素較佳。 該聚烯烴可為極性、非極性或其混合物。該聚烯烴的 存在量為約5至約90重量百分比。 5 合適的極性聚烯烴包括:⑴乙烯與不飽和酯之共聚物; (ii) 乙烯與不飽和酸(諸如,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸)之共聚物; (iii) 乙烯與乙烯基矽烷(例如’乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷及乙烯基 三乙氧基矽烷)之共聚物;及(iv)任何這些共單體之互聚物。 該聚烯烴為一乙烯與不飽和酯的極性共聚物較佳。 10 該共聚物歸因於酯共單體的部分可在範圍約5至約50 重量百分比内(以該共聚物之重量為準),且較佳範圍約15 至約40重量百分比。該乙烯/不飽和酯共聚物的熔化指數範 圍可在每10分鐘約0.5至約50克内。 當該不飽和醋為丙稀酸炫•醋或甲基丙稀酸烧醋時,該 15 燒基可具有1至8個碳原子且具有1至4個碳原子較佳。該丙 烯酸酯及甲基丙浠酸酯的實施例有丙烯酸乙酯、丙稀酸甲 酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸三級丁酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、 甲基丙稀酸正丁醋及丙烯酸2-乙基己S旨。 當該不飽和酯為羧酸乙烯酯時,該羧酸酯基團可具有2 20 至8個碳原子且具有2至5個碳原子較佳。該羧酸乙烯酯的實 施例有醋酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯及丁酸乙烯酯。 合適的非極性聚烯烴包括:⑴乙烯的同聚物;(ii)乙烯 與一或多種α-烯烴及選擇性二烯之共聚物;(iii)含有一氧化 碳、丙稀及丁烯之乙烯共聚物;(iv)丙烯之同聚物;(v)丙烯 200938579 與其它烯烴之共聚物;及(vi)丙烯、乙歸及二稀之三聚物。 熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯聚合物在技藝中已知,且其典型藉 由反應一線性羥基終端的多元醇、一有機二異氰酸鹽及一 鏈增量劑獲得。在本發明中有用的熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯(TPU) 5 包括聚酯TPU及聚醚TPXJ。 值得注意的是,可使用二酸(如己二酸)與二醇(如乙二 醇、丙二醇及丁二醇)來製得該聚酯TPU ;同時可使用聚環 氧乙烧、環氧丙烧及環氧丁烧之多元醇來製得聚_TPU。 Φ 該TPU的存在量為約0.1至95重量百分比。 10 該膨脹型多磷酸鹽阻燃組成物為—下列物質之摻合 物.⑴一膨服型含亂多麟酸鹽及(ii)—蜜胺或蜜胺衍生物共 - 添加劑。該膨脹型含氮多磷酸鹽為多嶙酸链、娘讲多構酸 鹽或其衍生物較佳。該膨脹型含氮多嶙酸鹽為派命多磷酸 鹽更佳。至於膨脹阻燃劑,該含氮多磷酸鹽具有當曝露至 15 火焰時會膨脹及燒焦的特徵。該膨脹型多填酸鹽阻燃組成 物之存在量為約0.1至約70重量百分比。 ® 本發明之組成物可進一步包含其它非函素阻燃劑,諸 如金屬氧化物、金屬氧化物水合物、金屬碳酸鹽、碳酸鹽 加酸或酸產生材料、水泥、尿素及多元醇。 20 該組成物可更包含其它聚合物,諸如非烯烴聚合物、聚 氣乙烯、酯-醚嵌段共聚物、酯/醯胺嵌段共聚物、烯烴嵌段 共聚物及工程塑膠’諸如聚碳酸酯、聚颯及聚醯亞胺。該組 成物亦可進一步包含其它添加劑,諸如無機及過氧化物。 在另一個具體實例中,本發明為一種包含一或多個電 5 200938579 導體或一或多個電導體核心之電纜,其中每個導體或核心 皆由一包含描述於本文的阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺甲酸 酯組成物之阻燃層包圍。 在更另一個具體實例中,本發明為一種包含描述於本 5 文的阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物之擠壓物件。 C實施方式3 實施例 下列非為限制的實施例闡明本發明。 測試 10 (1)屈服強度(磅/平方英寸); (2) 抗張強度@波峰(磅/平方英寸); (3) 抗張強度@斷裂(磅/平方英寸); (4) 伸張率@斷裂(%); (5) 1%正割模數(磅/平方英寸); 15 (6)2%正割模數(磅/平方英寸); (7) 5%正割模數(磅/平方英寸);及 (8) 不燃燒旗標的燃燒性質; (9) 至旗標的時間(秒); (10) 總時間的燃燒性質(秒); 20 (11)不完全燃燒; (12) 未燒焦(低於旗標的毫米數); (13) 未燃燒的液滴; (14) 高熔融流動,其中1無流動(最好),5高流動;及 (15) 整體評分;最好(1)»最差(5),其中#1無燃燒的 25 液滴;#2燒焦長度;#3a無熔融流動;#3b不燃燒至旗標; #3c至旗標的時間。 200938579 燃燒測試 使用垂直長條測試(垂直U L 9 4燃燒@底部4 5秒)來進行 燃燒測試。所製備的測試樣品為具有埋入的電線及8”長之 75密耳飾板的100密耳長條。 5 例示的组成物 使用下列組分來製備測試樣品: ❹ 10 (1) 佩雷仙(Pellethane)™ 2102-75A己内醋聚醋熱塑性 聚胺甲酸酯’其具有蕭而A硬度77A,比重1.17及可從道化 學公司購得; (2) 佩雷仙™ 2103-80AE聚醚熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯,其具 有蕭而A硬度82A,比重1.13及可從道化學公司購得; 15 ❹ (3) 愛爾維克斯(Elvax)™ 40L-03乙稀/醋酸乙稀酯共聚 物,其具有醋酸乙烯酯含量40百分比及炼化指數3分克/公 尺(在攝氏190度及2· 16公斤下測量),其可從ε·Ι.杜邦狄尼帽 斯及公司購得;及 (4) FP-2100™以膨脹型含氮多磷酸鹽基礎的阻燃劑,其 為一娘°并多填酸鹽與麟酸化合物之摻合物,及可從安芳化 學股份(有限)公司(Amfine Chemical Corporation)或阿戴卡 股份(有限)公司(Adeka Corporation)購得。 20 表1顯示出二個比較例(比較例1及2)及本發明的三個實 施例(實施例3_5)。每個量皆以重量百分比表示。 想要的機械性質包括抗張強度>1500磅/平方英寸及伸 張率>200百分比。對阻燃性能來說,整體火焰評分為2或較 少時可接受。 7 200938579 表1 組分 比較例1 比較例2 實施例3 實施例4 實施例5 佩雷仙™ 2102-75A 60.00 45.00 30.00 15.00 佩雷仙 TM2103-80AE 60.00 愛爾維克斯™40L-03 15.00 30.00 45.00 FP-2100TM阻燃劑 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 充填劑體積(立方公分/克) 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 膨脹體積(立方公分/克) 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 樹脂體積(立方公分/克) 0.51 0.51 0.54 0.56 0.59 樹脂體積分量 0.684 0.684 0.695 0.706 0.716 計算的比重 1.34 1.34 1.30 1.25 1.21 樹脂對多磷酸鹽添加劑 比率 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 物理性質 屈服強度 (磅/平方英寸) 666 974 1073 370 280 抗張強度@波峰 (碎/平方英寸) 3807 1518 2959 1168 456 抗張強度@斷裂 (碎/平方英寸) 3807 1518 2959 1168 456 伸張率@斷裂(%) 515 485 513 518 883 1 %正割模數 (磅/平方英寸) 6228 14204 3697 2321 3159 2%正割模數 (磅/平方英寸) 6093 13119 3875 2459 2236 5%正割模數 (磅/平方英寸) 5350 10921 3583 2478 1798 燃燒結果 不燃燒旗標 2/3 2/3 2/3 2/3 3/3 至旗標的時間(秒) 10 0 1 8 NA 總時間(秒) 11 7,667 7 29 1 不完全燃燒 2/3 2/3 2/3 2/3 3/3 未燒隹 (低於旗標$^米數) 45 50 30 38 57 未燃燒的液滴 2/3 0/3 3/3 3/3 3/3 高熔融流動 3.5 5 2 1.5 3 整體評分 3 4 2 2 2 I:圖式簡單說明3 (無) 【主要元件符號說明】
Claims (1)
- 20093857910 1520 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物,其包含: (a) —種聚烯烴; (b) —種熱塑性聚胺曱酸酯;及 (c) 一種膨脹型多磷酸鹽阻燃組成物。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺甲 酸醋組成物,其中該組成物無鹵素。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺 甲酸酯組成物,其中該聚烯烴具極性。 4. 如申請專利範圍第3項之阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺甲 酸酯組成物,其中該極性聚烯烴為乙烯與不飽和酯之共 聚物。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺甲 酸酯組成物,其中該膨脹型多磷酸鹽阻燃組成物包含: ⑴一膨脹型含氮多磷酸鹽;及 (ii) 一蜜胺或蜜胺衍生物共添加劑。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺曱 酸酯組成物,其中該膨脹型含氮多磷酸鹽選自於由多磷 酸銨及哌畊多磷酸鹽所組成之群。 7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺甲酸 酯組成物,其中該膨脹型含氮多磷酸鹽為哌畊多磷酸鹽。 8. —種電纜,其包含一或多個電導體或一或多個電導體核 心,其中每個導體或核心由一包含如申請專利範圍第1 至7項之任何一項的阻燃性聚烯烴/熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯 9 200938579 四、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第( )圖。(無) (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 五、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2722108P | 2008-02-08 | 2008-02-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200938579A true TW200938579A (en) | 2009-09-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW098103854A TW200938579A (en) | 2008-02-08 | 2009-02-06 | Flame-retardant polyolefin/thermoplastic polyurethane composition |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9758672B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2247668B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP5666917B2 (zh) |
| KR (2) | KR20100123713A (zh) |
| CN (2) | CN105713377A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0905902B1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2714100C (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX2010008715A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW200938579A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2009100232A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011147068A1 (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-12-01 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | HALOGEN-FREE, FLAME RETARDANT COMPOSITION COMPRISING CROSSLINKED SILANE-g-EVA |
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| US20120238664A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2012-09-20 | Wilson Xiao Wei Yan | Thermoplastic Polymer Blends Comprising Crosslinked Polar Olefin Polymers in a Thermoplastic Polyurethane Matrix |
| CN102754168B (zh) * | 2009-12-18 | 2015-08-12 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 用于线材和缆线应用的无卤素的阻燃性组合物 |
| WO2011072458A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Halogen-free, flame retardant compositions |
| CN102762653B (zh) * | 2009-12-31 | 2015-11-25 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 用于电线和电缆应用的无卤素阻燃热塑性组合物 |
| KR101261947B1 (ko) | 2010-12-06 | 2013-05-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량용 클러치 페달 스위치 |
| CN103044897A (zh) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-17 | 四川鑫电电缆有限公司 | 无卤阻燃防滴流tpu材料 |
| JP5786064B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-09-30 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | ワイヤーおよびケーブル用途のハロゲンフリー難燃性熱可塑性組成物 |
| JP6046770B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-10 | 2016-12-21 | ダウ グローバル テクノロジーズ エルエルシー | ワイヤーおよびケーブル用途のハロゲンフリー難燃性熱可塑性組成物 |
| CN107090175A (zh) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-25 | 东莞市雄林新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种注塑成型鞋面材料及其制备方法 |
| WO2019201698A1 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-24 | Basf Se | A moldable reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane, a process for preparing the same, and an article obtained therefrom exhibiting high modulus, low creep and high fatigue life |
| EP3781416A1 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2021-02-24 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Non-pneumatic wheel having a moldable reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane spoke and a process for preparing the same |
| US11028217B1 (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-06-08 | Biocellection Inc. | Thermoplastic polyurethane compositions comprising nitro-substituted polyester diols |
| MX2023001668A (es) * | 2020-08-12 | 2023-03-08 | Kimberly Clark Co | Poliuretanos termoplasticos modificados y metodos de extrusion de los mismos. |
| CN113881216B (zh) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-04-28 | 国网河南省电力公司镇平县供电公司 | 耐磨阻燃改性聚氨酯电缆材料及其制备方法 |
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-
2009
- 2009-02-05 CA CA2714100A patent/CA2714100C/en active Active
- 2009-02-05 KR KR1020107019985A patent/KR20100123713A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2009-02-05 CN CN201610073286.5A patent/CN105713377A/zh active Pending
- 2009-02-05 JP JP2010545998A patent/JP5666917B2/ja active Active
- 2009-02-05 CN CN2009801116572A patent/CN101981128A/zh active Pending
- 2009-02-05 WO PCT/US2009/033236 patent/WO2009100232A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-02-05 US US12/865,055 patent/US9758672B2/en active Active
- 2009-02-05 KR KR1020167002650A patent/KR101840574B1/ko active Active
- 2009-02-05 EP EP09707926.3A patent/EP2247668B1/en active Active
- 2009-02-05 MX MX2010008715A patent/MX2010008715A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-05 BR BRPI0905902A patent/BRPI0905902B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-06 TW TW098103854A patent/TW200938579A/zh unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011147068A1 (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-12-01 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | HALOGEN-FREE, FLAME RETARDANT COMPOSITION COMPRISING CROSSLINKED SILANE-g-EVA |
| US9318240B2 (en) | 2010-05-24 | 2016-04-19 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Halogen-free, flame retardant composition comprising crosslinked silane-g-EVA |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2714100A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
| BRPI0905902B1 (pt) | 2019-01-29 |
| JP2011511149A (ja) | 2011-04-07 |
| US9758672B2 (en) | 2017-09-12 |
| KR20100123713A (ko) | 2010-11-24 |
| CA2714100C (en) | 2016-03-29 |
| MX2010008715A (es) | 2010-10-06 |
| WO2009100232A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
| EP2247668B1 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
| CN101981128A (zh) | 2011-02-23 |
| KR20160018849A (ko) | 2016-02-17 |
| JP5666917B2 (ja) | 2015-02-12 |
| EP2247668A1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
| KR101840574B1 (ko) | 2018-03-20 |
| CN105713377A (zh) | 2016-06-29 |
| BRPI0905902A2 (pt) | 2015-06-30 |
| US20110011616A1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
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