TW201319226A - 聚合性液晶組成物、光學各向異性體及其製造方法 - Google Patents
聚合性液晶組成物、光學各向異性體及其製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201319226A TW201319226A TW101128361A TW101128361A TW201319226A TW 201319226 A TW201319226 A TW 201319226A TW 101128361 A TW101128361 A TW 101128361A TW 101128361 A TW101128361 A TW 101128361A TW 201319226 A TW201319226 A TW 201319226A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/14—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain
- C09K19/18—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a carbon chain the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
- C09K19/2014—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups containing additionally a linking group other than -COO- or -OCO-, e.g. -CH2-CH2-, -CH=CH-, -C=C-; containing at least one additional carbon atom in the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups, e.g. -(CH2)m-COO-(CH2)n-
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3441—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having nitrogen as hetero atom
- C09K19/3483—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having nitrogen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a non-aromatic ring
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/32—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
- C09K19/322—Compounds containing a naphthalene ring or a completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalene ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
- C09K2019/0448—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
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Abstract
本發明欲解決之課題在於提供一種聚合性液晶組成物,其可抑制於使聚合性液晶材料於配向的狀態下以活性能量線硬化所得之光學各向異性體的光散射。本發明係提供一種聚合性液晶組成物,其係於使聚合性液晶材料於配向的狀態下以活性能量線硬化以製造光學各向異性體的方法中,令具有氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為a(ppm)、具有氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為b(ppm)、不具氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為c(ppm)、不具氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為d(ppm)時,式(Ia)所表示之Xa值,可控制為825以下。Xa=(a+0.19b)+0.0215(c+0.19d) (Ia)
Description
本發明係關於一種作為液晶元件、顯示器、光學零件、著色劑、安全性用標記、雷射發光用構件有用之光學各向異性體與其之製造方法。
關於使聚合性液晶材料於配向的狀態下以紫外線硬化所得之光學各向異性體,已進行了許多探討。如此之光學各向異性體,主要多使用於相位差膜等之偏光控制用途,故要求儘可能將光學各向異性體之光散射抑制為小。若光散射大則偏光狀態會局部損失、成為偏光狀態控制不完全者之故。
又,由於光學各向異性體之厚度愈厚光散射愈大,特別是於具有2μm以上之厚度之光學各向異性體,其之影響非常大。需要2μm以上之厚度之光學各向異性體,可舉例如光學低通濾波器(Low-pass filter)或使用膽固醇液晶之反射型偏光板(專利文獻1)等。然而,如此之光學薄膜中,並無有效抑制光散射的手段。
專利文獻1 日本專利第3592383號公報
專利文獻2 日本專利第3828158號公報
本發明欲解決之課題在於,提供一種可抑制於使聚合性液晶材料於配向的狀態下以活性能量線硬化所得之光學各向異性體之光散射的聚合性液晶組成物、及使用其之光學各向異性體之光散射抑制手段。
努力探討的結果發現,聚合性液晶組成物中之分子量約5000以上之聚合物雜質或2~4聚物左右之寡聚物雜質,會引起光散射,且分子量愈大所引起之光散射之大小愈大。
又,亦發現藉由管柱層析、活性碳吸附、分子蒸餾,可除去該等之雜質,且聚合物雜質之除去遠較寡聚物雜質之除去容易。因此,若將寡聚物雜質之濃度管理為一定以下,則可成為能無視聚合物濃度所致之光散射之影響的狀態。亦發現為了減低使聚合性液晶組成物硬化所得之光學各向異性體的光散射,必須管理引起光散射之聚合物與寡聚物雜質,但關於該管理,亦可以寡聚物濃度為代表來管理。
再者,發現3~4聚物雜質對引起光散射之影響的大小,為2聚物雜質之約5.3倍。亦即,發現含有100ppm之3~4聚物時之光散射的大小,約與含有530ppm之2聚物雜質時之光散射的大小相等。又,亦發現具有氰基之寡聚物雜質,與不具氰基之寡聚物雜質相比,引起光散射之影響的大小為約47倍大。
亦即,本發明係提供一種聚合性液晶組成物,其特徵係聚合性液晶組成物中之寡聚物之中,當令具有氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為a(ppm)、具有氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為b(ppm)、不具氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為c(ppm)、不具氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為d(ppm)時,式(Ia)所表示之Xa值控制為825以下;
Xa=(a+0.19b)+0.0215(c+0.19d) (Ia)
並且,提供一種製造方法,其係於使聚合性液晶材料於配向的狀態下以活性能量線硬化以製造光學各向異性體之方法,其特徵係使用下述聚合性液晶組成物:當令具有氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為a(ppm)、具有氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為b(ppm)、不具氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為c(ppm)、不具氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為d(ppm)時、將聚合性液晶組成物硬化所得之光學各向異性體之厚度為e(μm)時,將式(1)所表示之x值控制為150以下
x=[(a+0.19b)+0.0215(c+0.19d)]/e (I)。
藉由本發明之聚合性液晶組成物及光學各向異性體之製造方法,可得用以減低光散射之消偏光經抑制、具有良好之偏光控制性能之光學各向異性體。
聚合性液晶組成物中之寡聚物雜質之濃度,能以GPC(凝膠滲透層析)裝置測定。
當令聚合性液晶組成物中之具有氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為a(ppm)、具有氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為b(ppm)、不具氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為c(ppm)、不具氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為d(ppm)時,式(Ia)所表示之Xa值,以控制為825以下為佳,605以下為更佳,440以下為特佳。
Xa=(a+0.19b)+0.0215(c+0.19d) (Ia)
再者,當令聚合性液晶組成物中之具有氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為a(ppm)、具有氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為b(ppm)、不具氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為c(ppm)、不具氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為d(ppm)、使聚合性液晶組成物硬化所得之光學各向異性體之厚度為e(μm)時,較佳為,將式(I)所表示之x值控制為150以下,更佳為110以下,特佳為80以下。
x=[(a+0.19b)+0.0215(c+0.19d)]/e (I)
然而,若欲將該等Xa值或x值管理為低,則聚合性經組成物中所含之聚合性液晶化合物之製造中之精製成本與時間會增大,因此必須是目的來調節管理值。寡聚物雜質之濃度,藉由於所使用之聚合性液晶化合物之合成之際並用充分量之聚合禁止劑,或將所得之聚合性液晶化合物以凝膠滲透層析、氧化鋁管柱層析或活性碳處理可有效地減低。
聚合性液晶組成物所含之聚合性液晶化合物,可使用棒狀、圓盤狀者之任一者。
聚合性液晶組成物所含之聚合性液晶化合物,只要為本技術領域所認知之聚合性液晶化合物即可,可無限制地使用。其中,於分子內僅具有1個聚合性官能基之化合物,組成物之液晶溫度範圍容易做成包含室溫前後之低溫者故較佳。如此之化合物,可舉例如Handbook of Liquid Crystals(D.Demus,J.W.Goodby,G.W.Gray,H.W.Spiess,V.Vill編輯、Wiley-VCH公司發行、1998年)、季刊化學總說N0.22、液晶之化學(日本化學會編、
1994年)、或者如日本特開平7-294735號公報、特開平8-3111號公報、特開平8-29618號公報、特開平11-80090號公報、特開平11-116538號公報、特開平11-148079號公報等所記載之具有1,4-伸苯基、1,4-環伸己基等構造複數相連之稱為液晶元(mesogen)之剛直部位、與乙烯基、丙烯醯基、(甲基)丙烯醯基等之聚合性官能基之棒狀聚合性液晶化合物、或如日本特開2004-2373號公報、日本特開2004-99446號公報所記載之具有馬來醯亞胺基之棒狀聚合性液晶化合物。
聚合性官能基,可舉例如乙烯基、丙烯醯基、(甲基)丙烯醯基、馬來醯亞胺基等,由生產性的觀點考量,以丙烯醯基、(甲基)丙烯醯基為佳。
僅具有1個聚合性官能基之液晶化合物,具體而言以以下之通式(a)所表示之化合物為佳。
(式中,Z3表示氫原子、鹵素原子、氰基或碳原子數1~20之烴基,Z4表示氫原子或甲基,W3表示單鍵、-O-、-COO-或-OCO-,v表示0~18之整數,u表示0或1,D、E及F分別獨立地表示1,4-伸苯基、非相鄰之CH基以氮取代之1,4-伸苯基、1,4-伸環己基、1個或未相鄰之2個CH2基以氧或硫原子取代之1,4-伸環己基、1,4-伸環己烯基,式中所存在之1,4-伸苯基,亦可以碳原子數1~7之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基、氰基或鹵素原子取代一個以上,
Y6及Y7分別獨立地表示單鍵、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、-OCO-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-(CH2)4-、-CH2CH2CH2O-、-OCH2CH2CH2-、-CH=CHCH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH=CH-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-或-CH=N-N=CH-,Y6及Y7之至少一者,表示-CH=CH-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-,Y8表示單鍵、-O-、-COO-、-OCO-或-CH=CHCOO-)。
通式(a)所表示之化合物,以以下所示之化合物為更佳。
(式中,l、m、n分別獨立地表示1~10之整數,R表示氫原子、碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、烷醯
基、胺甲醯基、氰基、硝基、鹵素原子,當該等之基為碳數1~6之烷基、或碳數1~6之烷氧基時,可全部為未取代、或以1個或2個以上之鹵素原子取代。當該等之基為烷醯基、胺甲醯基時,末端之氫原子可為未取代、或以碳數1~10之烷基取代)。
於該等之式中,較佳R表示氫原子、碳數1~3之烷基、碳數1~3之烷氧基、或氰基。具有作為R之氰基之化合物,由於寡聚物雜質之影響大,故其之濃度管理為重要。
該等之液晶化合物,可單獨使用、亦可混合2種以上使用。
通式(a)所表示之化合物之含量,以5%~70%為佳,更佳為7%~60%,特佳為9%~50%。
作為液晶組成物所含之聚合性液晶化合物,具有2個聚合性官能基之液晶化合物,由確保硬化所得之薄膜之機械強度的觀點為有用。如此之具有2個聚合性官能基之化合物,可舉例如Handbook of Liquid Crystals(D.Demus,J.W.Goodby,G.W.Gray,H.W.Spiess,V.Vill編輯、Wiley-VCH公司發行、1998年)、季刊化學總說N0.22、液晶之化學(日本化學會編、1994年)、或者如日本特開平4-227684號公報、特開平11-80090號公報、特開平11-116538號公報、特開平11-148079號公報、特開2000-178233號公報、特開2002-308831號公報、特開2002-145830號公報、特開2004-125842號公報所記載之具有1,4-伸苯基、1,4-環伸己基等構造複數相連之
稱為液晶元之剛直部位、與乙烯基、丙烯醯基、(甲基)丙烯醯基等之聚合性官能基之棒狀聚合性液晶化合物、或如日本特開2004-2373號公報、日本特開2004-99446號公報所記載之具有馬來醯亞胺基之棒狀聚合性液晶化合物。
聚合性官能基,可舉例如乙烯基、丙烯醯基、(甲基)丙烯醯基、馬來醯亞胺基等,而由生產性的觀點考量,以丙烯醯基、(甲基)丙烯醯基為佳。
具有2個聚合性官能基之液晶化合物,具體而言以以下之通式(b)所表示之化合物為佳。
(式中,Z5、Z6分別獨立地表示氫原子或甲基,G、H及I分別獨立地表示1,4-伸苯基、非相鄰之CH基以氮取代之1,4-伸苯基、1,4-伸環己基、1個或未相鄰之2個CH2基以氧或硫原子取代之1,4-伸環己基、1,4-伸環己烯基,式中所存在之1,4-伸苯基,亦可以碳原子數1~7之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基、氰基或鹵素原子取代一個以上,m表示0至3之整數,W1及W2分別獨立地表示單鍵、-O-、-COO-或-OCO-,Y1及Y2分別獨立地表示單鍵、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-或單鍵,Y1及Y2之至少一者,表示-CH=CH-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-,r及s分別獨立地表示
2~18之整數,式中所存在之1,4-伸苯基,亦可以碳原子數1~7之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基、氰基或鹵素原子取代一個以上)。
通式(b)所表示之化合物以以下所示之化合物為更佳。
(式中,m及n分別獨立地表示1~10之整數,R表示氫原子、碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、烷醯
基、胺甲醯基、氰基、硝基、或鹵素原子,當該等之基為碳數1~6之烷基、或碳數1~6之烷氧基時,可全部為未取代、或以1個或2個以上之鹵素原子取代。當該等之基為烷醯基、胺甲醯基時,末端之氫原子可為未取代、或以碳數1~10之烷基取代)。
R較佳為氫原子、碳數1~3之烷基、碳數1~3之烷氧基或氰基。
該等之液晶化合物,可單獨使用、亦可混合2種以上使用。
通式(b)所表示之化合物之含量,以5%~90%為佳,更佳為10%~80%,特佳為20%~70%。
於聚合性液晶組成物中,視目的亦可含有添加劑。特別是,近年來多是將聚合性液晶組成物以塗布於基板等之手段於基板上載持、配向之後藉由以活性能量線照射來製造光學各向異性體,故以於一片之基板上形成有聚合性液晶組成物之層的狀態,以能得到所欲之配向狀態的方式來調節添加劑為重要。
當為均質(水平單軸)配向、及將膽固醇液晶平面(水平)配向時,必須添加用以使聚合性液晶組成物水平配向的化合物。如此之化合物,可舉例如具有以通式(II)所表示之重複單位之化合物。
(式中,R1、R2、R3及R4分別獨立地表示氫原子、鹵素原子或碳原子數1~20之烴基,該烴基中之氫原子亦可以1個以上之鹵素原子取代)。
通式(II)所表示之化合物,可舉例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚異丁烯、石蠟、液體石蠟、氯化聚丙烯、氯化石蠟、或氯化液體石蠟。
除此之外,由抑制偏差的觀點考量導入有氟原子之化合物亦有效。
具有通式(II)所表示之重複單位之化合物之中,較佳之結構,可舉例如具有式(II-a)~式(II-f)所表示之重複單位之化合物。其中,以式(II-a)~式(II-e)所表示之構造較佳,式(II-a)及式(II-c)所表示之構造為特佳。又亦可為將具有式(II-a)~式(II-f)所表示之重複單位之化合物共聚合2種以上之共聚物。於該場合,較佳為具有式(II-a)及式(II-b)之共聚物、具有式(II-a)及式(II-c)之共聚物、具有式(II-a)及式(II-f)之共聚物、及具有式(II-a)、式(II-b)及式(II-f)之共聚物,特佳為具有式(II-a)及式(II-b)之共聚物、及具有式(II-a)、式(II-b)及式(II-f)之共聚物。
該化合物之質量平均分子量,若過小則減低傾斜角的效果不佳,若過大則配向會長期不安定,故須存在於最佳範圍。具體而言,以200~1000000為佳,300~100000為更佳,特佳為400~80000。
又,較佳為於該聚合性液晶組成物中含有該化合物0.01~5質量%,更佳為含有0.05~2質量%,特佳為含有0.1~1質量%。
當為螺旋配向時,係以呈現膽固醇液晶相(旋光向列型液晶)的方式添加手性化合物。如此之化合物,可舉例如日本特開平11-193287號公報、特開2001-158788號公報、特表2006-52669號公報、特開2007-269639號公報、特開2007-269640號公報、2009-84178號公報等所記載之含有異山梨醇(isosorbide)、異甘露醇、葡萄糖苷等之手性醣類,且具有1,4-伸苯基、1,4-環伸己基等之剛直部位、與乙烯基、丙烯醯基、(甲基)丙烯醯基、或馬來醯亞胺基等之聚合性官能基之聚合性手性化合物、日本特開平8-239666號公報所記載之由萜類衍生物所構成之聚合性手性化合物、NATURE VOL35 467~469頁(1995年11月30日發行)、NATURE VOL392476~479頁(1998年4月2日發行)等所記載之由具有液晶原基(mesogenic grop)與手性部位之間隔物所構成之聚合性手性化合物、或者日本特表2004-504285號公報、特開2007-248945號公報所記載之含有聯萘基之聚合性手性化合物。其中,螺旋扭轉力(HTP,helical twisting power)大之手性化合物,容易作成本發明之聚合性液晶組成物,故較佳。
聚合性液晶組成物所使用之手性化合物,具體可例示如以下所示之液晶化合物。
(式中,m及n分別獨立地表示1~10之整數,R表示氫原子、碳數1~6之烷基、碳數1~6之烷氧基、烷醯基、胺甲醯基、氰基、硝基、鹵素原子,當該等之基為碳數1~6之烷基、或碳數1~6之烷氧基時,可全部為未取代,或以1個或2個以上之鹵素原子取代。當該等之基為烷醯基、胺甲醯基時,末端之氫原子可為未取代、或以碳數1~10之烷基取代)。
該等之手性化合物,可單獨使用,亦可混合2種以上使用。
於聚合性液晶組成物亦可添加聚合起始劑。聚合起始劑,可使用藉活性能量線進行時所使用之光聚合起始劑之周知慣用者。可舉例如2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙烷-1-酮(Merck公司製「Darocur 1173」)、1-羥基環己基苯基酮(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「Irgacure 184」)、1-(4-異丙基苯基)-2-羥基-2-甲基丙烷-1-酮Merck公司製「Darocur 1116」)、2-甲基-1-[(甲基硫代)苯基]-2-啉丙烷-1(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「Irgacure 651」)、2-苄基-2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-啉苯基)-丁酮(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「Irgacure 369」)、2-甲基-1-[(甲基硫代)苯基]-2-啉丙烷-1(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「Irgacure 907」)、苄基甲醛(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「Irgacure 651」)、苄基-2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-啉苯基)-丁酮(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「Irgacure 369」)、2-二甲基胺基-2-(4-甲基苄基)-1-(4-啉-4-基-苯基)丁烷-1-酮(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「Irgacure 379」)、2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-二苯基乙烷-1-酮、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-苯基氧化膦(DarocurTPO)、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基-二苯基-氧化膦(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「Irgacure 819」)、1,2-辛烷二酮,1-[4-(苯基硫代)-,2-(O-苯甲醯基肟)]乙烷(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「IrgacureOXE01」)、1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基苯甲醯基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]-,1-(O-乙醯基肟)(汽巴特殊化藥公司製「IrgacureOXE02」);2,4-二乙基噻噸酮(thioxanthone)(日本化藥公司製「KayacureDETX」)
與對二甲基胺基苯甲酸乙酯(日本化藥公司製「KayacureEPA」)之混合物、異丙基噻噸酮(Ward Blenkinsop公司製「QuantacureITX」)與對二甲基胺基苯甲酸乙酯(日本化藥公司製「KayacureEPA」)之混合物、醯基氧化膦(BASF公司製「Lucirin TPO」)等。光聚合起始劑之含有率以1~10質量%為佳,2~7質量%為特佳。該等可單獨使用,亦可混合2種以上使用。
又,亦可添加熱聚合起始劑。熱聚合起始劑,例如,可使用乙醯乙酸甲酯過氧化物、氫過氧化異丙苯、苯甲醯基過氧化物、雙(4-三級丁基環己基)過氧化二碳酸酯、三級丁基過氧化苯甲酸酯、甲乙酮過氧化物、1,1-雙(三級己基過氧化)3,3,5-三甲基環己烷、對戊氫過氧化物、三級丁基氫過氧化物、過氧化二異丙苯、異丁基過氧化物、二(3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁基)過氧化碳酸酯、1,1-雙(三級丁基過氧化)環己烷等有機過氧化物;2,2’-偶氮雙異丁腈、2,2’-偶氮雙(2,4-二甲基戊腈)等偶氮腈化合物;2,2’-偶氮雙(2-甲基-N-苯基丙-脒)二氫氯化物等偶氮脒化合物、2,2’-偶氮雙{2-甲基-N-[1,1-雙(羥基甲基)-2-羥基乙基]丙醯胺}等偶氮醯胺化合物、2,2’-偶氮雙(2,4,4-三甲基戊烷)等烷基偶氮化合物等。熱聚合起始劑之含有率以1~10質量%為佳,2~6質量%為特佳。該等可單獨使用,亦可混合2種以上使用。
又,於聚合性液晶組成物,以添加聚合禁止劑為佳。聚合禁止劑,可舉例如苯酚系化合物、醌系化合物、胺系化合物、硫醚系化合物、亞硝基化合物等。
苯酚系化合物,可舉例如對甲氧基酚、甲酚、三級丁基兒茶酚、3,5-二-三級丁基-4-羥基甲苯、2,2’-亞甲基雙(4-甲基-6-三級丁基苯酚)、2,2’-亞甲基雙(4-乙基-6-三級丁基苯酚)、4,4’-硫代雙(3-甲基-6-三級丁基苯酚)、4-甲氧基-1-萘酚、4,4’-二烷氧基-2,2’-二-1-萘酚等。
醌系化合物,可舉例如氫醌、甲基氫醌、三級丁基氫醌、對苯醌、甲基-對苯醌、三級丁基-對苯醌、2,5-二苯基苯醌、2-羥基-1,4-萘醌、1,4-萘醌、2,3-二氯-1,4-萘醌、蒽醌、聯苯醌等。
胺系化合物,可舉例如對伸苯二胺、4-胺基二苯基胺、N,N’-二苯基-對伸苯二胺、N-異丙基-N’-苯基-對伸苯二胺、N-(1,3-二甲基丁基)-N’-苯基-對伸苯二胺、N,N’-二-2-萘基-對伸苯二胺、二苯基胺、N-苯基-β-萘基胺、4,4’-雙異苯丙基-二苯基胺、4,4’-二辛基-二苯基胺等。
硫醚系化合物,可舉例如啡噻(phenothiazine)、硫二丙酸二(十八基)酯等。
亞硝基化合物,可舉例如N-亞硝基二苯基胺、N-亞硝基苯基萘基胺、N-亞硝基二萘基胺、對亞硝基苯酚、亞硝基苯、對亞硝基二苯基胺、α-亞硝基-β-萘酚等、N,N-二甲基對亞硝基苯胺、對亞硝基二苯基胺、對亞硝基二甲胺、對亞硝基-N,N-二乙胺、N-亞硝基乙醇胺、N-亞硝基二-正丁胺、N-亞硝基-N-正丁基-4-丁醇胺、N-亞硝基-二異丙醇胺、N-亞硝基-N-乙基-4-丁醇胺、5-亞硝基-8-羥基喹啉、N-亞硝基啉、N-亞硝基-N-苯基羥基胺銨鹽、亞硝基苯、2,4,6-三-三級丁基亞硝基苯、N-亞
硝基-N-甲基-對甲苯磺醯胺、N-亞硝基-N-乙基胺甲酸酯、N-亞硝基-N-正丙基胺甲酸酯、1-亞硝基-2-萘酚、2-亞硝基-1-萘酚、1-亞硝基-2-萘酚-3,6-磺酸鈉、2-亞硝基-1-萘酚-4-磺酸鈉、2-亞硝基-5-甲胺苯酚鹽酸鹽、2-亞硝基-5-甲胺苯酚鹽酸鹽等。
再者,於聚合性液晶組成物,為了確保塗膜之整平性以添加界面活性劑為佳。可含有之界面活性劑,可舉例如烷基羧酸鹽、烷基磷酸鹽、烷基磺酸鹽、氟烷基羧酸鹽、氟烷基磷酸鹽、氟烷基磺酸鹽、聚氧乙烯衍生物、氟烷基環氧乙烷衍生物、聚乙二醇衍生物、烷基銨鹽、氟烷基銨鹽、聚矽氧衍生物等,特別以含氟界面活性劑、聚矽氧衍生物為佳。更具體而言,可舉例如「MEGAFACF-110」、「MEGAFACF-113」、「MEGAFACF-120」、「MEGAFACF-812、「MEGAFACF-142D」、「MEGAFACF-144D」、「MEGAFACF-150」、「MEGAFACF-171」、「MEGAFACF-173」、「MEGAFACF-177」、「MEGAFACF-183」、「MEGAFACF-195」、「MEGAFACF-824」、「MEGAFACF-833」、「MEGAFACF-114」、「MEGAFACF-410」、「MEGAFACF-493」、「MEGAFACF-494」、「MEGAFACF-443」、「MEGAFACF-444」、「MEGAFACF-445」、「MEGAFACF-446」、「MEGAFACF-470」、「MEGAFACF-471」、「MEGAFACF-474」、「MEGAFACF-475」、
「MEGAFACF-477」、「MEGAFACF-478」、「MEGAFACF-479」、「MEGAFACF-480SF」、「MEGAFACF-482」、「MEGAFACF-483」、「MEGAFACF-484」、「MEGAFACF-486」、「MEGAFACF-487」、「MEGAFACF-489」、「MEGAFACF-172D」、「MEGAFACF-178K」、「MEGAFACF-178RM」、「MEGAFACR-08」、「MEGAFACR-30」、「MEGAFACF-472SF」、「MEGAFACBL-20BL-20」、「MEGAFACR-61」、「MEGAFACR-90」、「MEGAFACESM-1」、「MEGAFACMCF-350SF」(以上,DIC股份有限公司製)、「Ftergent100」、「Ftergent100C」、「Ftergent110」、「Ftergent150」、「Ftergent150CH」、「FtergentA」、「Ftergent100A-K」、「Ftergent501」、「Ftergent300」、「Ftergent310」、「Ftergent320」、「Ftergent400SW」、「FTX-400P」、「Ftergent251」、「Ftergent215M」、「Ftergent212MH」、「Ftergent250」、「Ftergent222F」、「Ftergent212D」、「FTX-218」、「FTX-209F」、「FTX-213F」、「FTX-233F」、「Ftergent245F」、「FTX-208G」、「FTX-240G」、「FTX-206D」、「FTX-220D」、「FTX-230D」、「FTX-240D」、「FTX-207S」、「FTX-211S」、「FTX-220S」、「FTX-230S」、「FTX-750FM」、「FTX-730FM」、「FTX-730FL」、「FTX-710FS」、「FTX-710FM」、「FTX-710FL」、「FTX-750LL」、「FTX-730LS」、「FTX-730LM」、「FTX-730LL」、「FTX-710LL」(以上,NEOS公司製)、
「BYK-300」、「BYK-302」、「BYK-306」、「BYK-307」、「BYK-310」、「BYK-315」、「BYK-320」、「BYK-322」、「BYK-323」、「BYK-325」、「BYK-330」、「BYK-331」、「BYK-333」、「BYK-337」、「BYK-340」、「BYK-344」、「BYK-370」、「BYK-375」、「BYK-377」、「BYK-350」、「BYK-352」、「BYK-354」、「BYK-355」、「BYK-356」、「BYK-358N」、「BYK-361N」、「BYK-357」、「BYK-390」、「BYK-392」、「BYK-UV3500」、「BYK-UV3510」、「BYK-UV3570」、「BYK-SiLCLeAn3700」(以上,BYK公司製)、「TEGO Rad2100」、「TEGO Rad2200N」、「TEGO Rad2250」、「TEGO Rad2300」、「TEGO Rad2500」、「TEGO Rad2600」、「TEGO Rad2700」(以上,TEGO公司製)等。界面活性劑之較佳添加量,雖視聚合性液晶組成物中所含有之界面活性劑以外之成分、及使用溫度等而不同,較佳為於聚合性液晶組成物中含有0.01~1質量%,更加為含有0.02~0.5質量%,特佳為0.03~1質量%。當含量低於0.01質量%時,難以得到減低膜厚偏差之效果。具有通式(I)所表示之重複單位之水平配向添加劑之含量與界面活性劑之含量的合計,以0.02~0.5質量%為佳,更佳為0.05~0.4質量%,特佳為0.1~0.2質量%。
於聚合性液晶組成物,視目的亦可以不使液晶之配向能力顯著降低之程度添加其他之添加劑,例如觸變劑、界面活性劑、紫外線吸收劑、紅外線吸收劑、抗氧化劑、表面處理劑等添加劑。
本發明之光學各向異性體,可將經寡聚物純度管理之聚合性液晶組成物塗布於基材等之方法製膜,之後,進行硬化,藉此來製作。
使用於本發明之光學各向異性體之基材,係通常使用於液晶元件、顯示器、光學零件或光學薄膜之基材,只要具有可承受於本發明之聚合性液晶組成物之塗布後之乾燥時,或液晶元件製造時之加熱之耐熱性的材料即可,並無特別限制。如此之基材,可舉例如玻璃基材、金屬基材、陶瓷基材或塑膠基材等之有機材料。特別是當基材為有機材料時,可舉例如纖維素衍生物、聚烯、聚酯、聚烯、聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚芳酯、聚醚碸、聚醯亞胺、聚伸苯硫、聚伸苯醚、耐綸、或聚苯乙烯等。其中,以聚酯、聚苯乙烯、聚烯、纖維素衍生物、聚芳酯、聚碳酸酯等塑膠基材為佳。
為了提升聚合性液晶組成物之塗布性或硬化所得之光學各向異性體之接著性,亦可對該等之基材進行表面處理。表面處理,可舉例如臭氧處理、電漿處理、電暈處理、矽烷耦合劑處理等。又,為了調節光之透過率或反射率,亦可於基材表面以蒸鍍等方法設置有機薄膜、無機氧化物薄膜或金屬薄膜等,或者,為了賦以光學之附加價值,基材亦可為讀取透鏡(pickup lens)、柱狀透鏡、光碟、相位差膜、光擴散膜、彩色濾色器等。其中,以附加價值較高之讀取透鏡、相位差膜、光擴散膜、彩色濾色器為佳。
又,於上述基材,於將本發明之聚合性液晶組成物塗布乾燥之際,較佳為施以通常之配向處理,或設置配向膜以使聚合性液晶組成物配向。配向處理,可舉例如延伸處理、摩擦處理、偏光紫外可見光照射處理、離子束處理等。當使用配向膜時,配向膜可使用周知慣用者。如此之配向膜,可舉例如聚亞醯胺、聚矽氧烷、聚醯胺、聚乙烯醇、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚伸苯醚、聚芳酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚醚碸、環氧樹脂、丙烯酸環氧酯樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、香豆素化合物、查耳酮、桂皮醯胺化合物、俘精酸酐(fulgide)化合物、蒽醌化合物、偶氮化合物、亞芳基化合物等化合物。藉摩擦以配向處理之化合物,較佳為藉由於配向處理,或配向處理之後之加熱步驟加入以促進材料之結晶化者。摩擦以外之進行配向處理之化合物之中,以使用光配向材料為佳。
用以將聚合性液晶材料塗布於基材之方法,可進行分配器(applicator)法、棒塗法、旋塗法、凹版印刷法、膠版印刷法、噴墨法、模口塗布法、蓋塗法(capcoating)、浸漬塗布法等周知慣用之方法。較佳為塗布以溶劑稀釋後之聚合性液晶組成物。所使用之溶劑,只要於塗布於基材上之際不溶解基材,或形成於基材上之配向膜者即可。又,所使用之溶劑以對本發明之聚合性膽固醇液晶組成物具有良好之溶解性者為佳。可使用之溶劑,可舉例如甲苯、二甲苯、異丙苯、三甲苯等芳香族系烴、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯等酯系溶劑、甲乙酮、甲基異丁基酮、環己酮等酮系溶劑、四氫呋喃、
1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、甲基苯基醚等醚系溶劑、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等醯胺系溶劑、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、二乙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、γ-丁內酯、氯苯等。該等可單獨使用、亦可混合2種以上使用。
溶劑之比率,由於本發明所使用之聚合性液晶組成物係以一般之塗布進行,故只要不顯著地損及塗布之狀態即可,並無特別限制,聚合性液晶組成物之固體成分與溶液之比率,以0.1:99.9~80:20為佳,若考量塗布性則以1:99~60:40為更佳。
當使用溶劑時,較佳為以60~100℃,更佳為80~90℃加熱使溶劑揮發。加熱時間以5秒~3分鐘為佳。
關於本發明之聚合性液晶組成物之聚合操作,較佳為藉由下述進行:以乾燥等除去聚合性液晶組成物中之溶液後,以配向成所欲狀態之狀態照射一般之活性能量線。活性能量線,可舉例如紫外線、電子線。由裝置之容易度考量,以使用紫外線作為活性能量線為佳。將以紫外光照射進行聚合時,具體上以照射390nm以下之紫外光為佳,最佳為照射250~370nm波長之光。然而,當以390nm以下之紫外光而引起聚合性液晶組成物之分解等時,亦有以390nm以上之紫外光進行聚合處理較佳的情形。該光,以擴散光、且未偏光之光為佳。紫外光之強度,以1~100mW/cm2為佳,2~50mW/cm2為更佳,5~30mW/cm2為特佳。照射能量以5~200mJ/cm2為佳,10~150mJ/cm2為更佳,20~120mJ/cm2為特佳。
為了提升所得光學各向異性體之耐溶劑特性及耐熱性,亦可對光學各向異性體進行加熱處理。其之加熱溫度,當將有機材料作為基材使用時,以不超過基材之玻璃轉移點之範圍之加熱為佳。
以下,以合成例、實施例、及比較例說明本發明,但本發明並不限於該等。又,除特別說明之外,「%」為質量基準。又,霧值之測定,係使用日本電色工業股份有限公司製之NDH-2000進行。
混合式(A-1)所表示之聚合性液晶化合物15.18%、式(A-2)所表示之聚合性液晶化合物6.50%、式(B-1)所表示之聚合性液晶化合物23.85%、式(B-2)所表示之聚合性液晶化合物32.52%、式(C-1)所表示之聚合性手性化合物7.01%、式(D-1)所表示之聚合性液晶化合物8.67%、式(E-1)所表示之液晶化合物3.25%、式(F-1)所表示之光聚合起始劑2.17%、式(F-2)所表示之光聚合起始劑0.44%、對甲氧基苯酚(E-1)0.44份,製得聚合性膽固醇液晶組成物(1)。使用GPC及NMR對該聚合性膽固醇液晶組成物中所含之寡聚物進行解析的結果,具有氰基之3~4聚物雜質(I-1)、(I-2)之合計為182ppm、具有氰基之2聚物雜質(I-3)、(I-4)之合計為1182ppm、不具氰基之3~4聚物雜質(I-5)~(I-8)之總量為43ppm、不具氰基之2聚物雜質(I-9)~(I-12)之總量為6385ppm。
該聚合性膽固醇液晶組成物(1)中之由(Ia)所計算出之Xa值為434。
(式中,R1、R2中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-1b),m1表示3或4)
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R3、R4中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-2b),m2表示3或4)
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R5、R6中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-3b))
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R7、R8中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-4b))
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R9、R10中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-5b),m3表示3或4)
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R11、R12中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-6b),m4表示3或4)
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R13、R14中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-7b),m5表示3或4)
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R15、R16中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-8b),m6表示3或4)
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R17、R18中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-9b))
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R19、R20中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-10b))
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R21、R22中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-11b))
(*表示鍵結點)
(式中,R23、R24中之一者為氫原子,另一者表示式(I-12b))
(*表示鍵結點)
於所調製之聚合性膽固醇液晶組成物(1),添加作為水平配向添加劑之質量平均分子量1650之聚丙烯0.10%,調製成本發明之聚合性膽固醇液晶組成物(A)。於該聚合性膽固醇液晶組成物(1’),加入甲苯30%、環己酮30%,調製成聚合性液晶組成物(1’)之溶液。
接著,使用旋塗法將聚醯亞胺溶液塗布於厚度0.7mm之玻璃基材上,以100℃乾燥10分鐘後,以200℃燒成60分鐘,藉此製得塗膜。對所得之塗膜進行摩擦處理,作成本發明之膽固醇反射薄膜用基材。摩擦處理,係使用市售之摩擦裝置進行。
接著,將聚合性液晶組成物(1’)之溶液以旋塗法塗布於摩擦後之基材,以65℃乾燥3分鐘。將所得之塗膜放置於60℃之加熱板上,使用以帶通濾波器進行調整成僅得365nm附近之紫外光(UV光)之高壓水銀燈,以15mW/cm2之強度照射UV光10秒鐘。接著取出帶通濾波器,以70mW/cm2之強度照射UV光20秒鐘,藉此製得本發明之光學各向異性體(膽固醇反射薄膜)。
所得之膽固醇反射薄膜之膜厚為55μm。又,測定薄膜之霧值之結果為46%。由式(I)所計算之x值為79。
於實施例1中,除將聚合性液晶化合物以精製方法不同之批量之化合物取代之外,與實施例1同樣地進行實驗。將結果示於表1。
於實施例1中,除將聚合性液晶化合物以精製方法不同之批量之化合物取代之外,與實施例1同樣地進行實驗。將結果示於表1。
由以上結果可知,Xa值為825以下之本發明之聚合性液晶組成物,使用其所得之光學各向異性體之霧值為10%以下,可抑制光散射。又,可知x值為150以下之本發明之方法所得之光學各向異性體,霧值為10%以下,可抑制光散射。
Claims (13)
- 一種聚合性液晶化合物,當令具有氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為a(ppm)、具有氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為b(ppm)、不具氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為c(ppm)、不具氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為d(ppm)時,式(Ia)所表示之Xa值為825以下,Xa=(a+0.19b)+0.0215(c+0.19d) (Ia)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之聚合性液晶組成物,其中式(Ia)所表示之Xa值為605以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之聚合性液晶組成物,其中作為聚合性液晶材料,係含有通式(a)所表示之化合物,
(式中,Z3表示氫原子、鹵素原子、氰基或碳原子數1~20之烴基,Z4表示氫原子或甲基,W3表示單鍵、-O-、-COO-或-OCO-,v表示0~18之整數,u表示0或1,D、E及F分別獨立地表示1,4-伸苯基、非相鄰之CH基以氮取代之1,4-伸苯基、1,4-伸環己基、1個或未相鄰之2個CH2基以氧或硫原子取代之1,4-伸環己基、1,4-伸環己烯基,式中所存在之1,4-伸苯基,亦可以碳原子數1~7之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基、氰基或鹵素原子取代一個以上,Y6及Y7分別獨立地表示單鍵、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、-OCO-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-(CH2)4-、-CH2CH2CH2O-、 -OCH2CH2CH2-、-CH=CHCH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH=CH-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-或-CH=N-N=CH-,Y6及Y7之至少一者,表示-CH=CH-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-,Y8表示單鍵、-O-、-COO-、-OCO-或-CH=CHCOO-)及/或通式(b)所表示之化合物, (式中,Z5、Z6分別獨立地表示氫原子或甲基,G、H及I分別獨立地表示1,4-伸苯基、非相鄰之CH基以氮取代之1,4-伸苯基、1,4-伸環己基、1個或未相鄰之2個CH2基以氧或硫原子取代之1,4-伸環己基、1,4-伸環己烯基,式中所存在之1,4-伸苯基,亦可以碳原子數1~7之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基、氰基或鹵素原子取代一個以上,m表示0至3之整數,W1及W2分別獨立地表示單鍵、-O-、-COO-或-OCO-,Y1及Y2分別獨立地表示單鍵、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-或單鍵,Y1及Y2之至少一者,表示-CH=CH-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-,r及s分別獨立地表示2~18之整數, 式中所存在之1,4-伸苯基,亦可以碳原子數1~7之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基、氰基或鹵素原子取代一個以上)。 - 如申請專利範圍第3項之聚合性液晶組成物,其含有通式(a)中之Z3係以氰基所表示之化合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第3或4項之聚合性液晶組成物,其中通式(a)所表示之化合物之含量為5%~70%。
- 如申請專利範圍第3或4項之聚合性液晶組成物,其中通式(b)所表示之化合物之含量為5%~90%。
- 一種製造方法,其係於使聚合性液晶材料於配向的狀態下以活性能量線硬化以製造光學各向異性體之方法,其特徵係使用下述聚合性液晶組成物:當令具有氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為a(ppm)、具有氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為b(ppm)、不具氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為c(ppm)、不具氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為d(ppm)時、將聚合性液晶組成物硬化所得之光學各向異性體之厚度為e(μm)時,將式(I)所表示之x值抑制為150以下,x=[(a+0.19b)+0.0215(c+0.19d)]/e (I)。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之製造方法,其中式(I)所表示之x值為110以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第7或8項之製造方法,其中作為聚合性液晶材料,係含有通式(a)所表示之化合物,
(式中,Z3表示氫原子、鹵素原子、氰基或碳原子數1~20之烴基,Z4表示氫原子或甲基,W3表示單鍵、-O-、-COO-或-OCO-,v表示0~18之整數,u表示0或1,D、E及F分別獨立地表示1,4-伸苯基、非相鄰之CH基以氮取代之1,4-伸苯基、1,4-伸環己基、1個或未相鄰之2個CH2基以氧或硫原子取代之1,4-伸環己基、1,4-伸環己烯基,式中所存在之1,4-伸苯基,亦可以碳原子數1~7之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基、氰基或鹵素原子取代一個以上,Y6及Y7分別獨立地表示單鍵、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-COO-、-OCO-、-C≡C-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-(CH2)4-、-CH2CH2CH2O-、-OCH2CH2CH2-、-CH=CHCH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH=CH-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-或-CH=N-N=CH-,Y6及Y7之至少一者,表示-CH=CH-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-)及/或通式(b)所表示之化合物, (式中,Z5、Z6分別獨立地表示氫原子或甲基,G、H及I分別獨立地表示1,4-伸苯基、非相鄰之CH基以氮取代之1,4-伸苯基、1,4-伸環己基、1個或未相鄰之2個CH2基以氧或硫原子取代之1,4-伸環己基、1,4-伸環己烯基,式中所存在之1,4-伸苯基,亦可以碳原子數1~7之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基、氰基或鹵素原子取 代一個以上,m表示0至3之整數,W1及W2分別獨立地表示單鍵、-O-、-COO-或-OCO-,Y1及Y2分別獨立地表示單鍵、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-或單鍵,Y1及Y2之至少一者,表示-CH=CH-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH=N-、-N=CH-、-N=N-、-CH=N-N=CH-,r及s分別獨立地表示2~18之整數,式中所存在之1,4-伸苯基,亦可以碳原子數1~7之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基、氰基或鹵素原子取代一個以上)。 - 如申請專利範圍第9項之製造方法,其含有通式(a)中之Z3係以氰基所表示之化合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第9或10項之製造方法,其中通式(a)所表示之化合物之含量為5%~70%。
- 如申請專利範圍第9或10項之製造方法,其中通式(b)所表示之化合物之含量為5%~90%。
- 一種光學各向異性體,其係於使聚合性液晶材料於配向的狀態下以活性能量線硬化以製造光學各向異性體之方法中,使用下述聚合性液晶組成物之光學各向異性體:當令具有氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為a(ppm)、具有氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為b(ppm)、不具氰基之3~4聚物雜質之濃度為c(ppm)、不具氰基之2聚物雜質之濃度為d(ppm)時、將聚合性液晶組成物硬化所得之光學各向異性體之厚度為e(μm)時,式(I)所表示之x值抑制為150以下,x=[(a+0.19b)+0.0215(c+0.19d)]/e (I)。
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| CN109715761A (zh) * | 2016-09-09 | 2019-05-03 | Dic株式会社 | 聚合性液晶组合物、以及使用其的光学膜 |
| TWI659063B (zh) * | 2013-10-07 | 2019-05-11 | 日商日產化學工業股份有限公司 | 液晶配向劑、液晶配向膜及液晶顯示元件 |
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| JP2014162752A (ja) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-09-08 | Dic Corp | 化合物、液晶組成物、及び表示装置 |
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| EP2818531B1 (en) | 2013-06-25 | 2017-07-26 | Merck Patent GmbH | Polymerisable compounds and the use thereof in liquid-crystal displays |
| JP6333857B2 (ja) | 2013-12-25 | 2018-05-30 | Dic株式会社 | メソゲン基を含有する化合物、それを用いた混合物、組成物、及び、光学異方体 |
| WO2015133332A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-11 | Dic株式会社 | メソゲン基を有する化合物を含有する重合性組成物及びその重合体 |
| KR101752694B1 (ko) * | 2014-03-04 | 2017-06-30 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | 메소겐기를 갖는 화합물을 함유하는 혼합물 |
| JP6447084B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-16 | 2019-01-09 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 液晶性組成物、円偏光分離素子及びその製造方法、偽造防止用媒体及びその製造方法、輝度向上フィルム並びにセキュリティ媒体 |
| KR20180037206A (ko) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-04-11 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | 중합성 액정 조성물 및 그것을 사용한 광학 이방체 |
| WO2018225579A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-13 | Dic株式会社 | 重合性液晶組成物、それを用いた光学フィルム、及びその製造方法 |
| JP2019056069A (ja) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-04-11 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 重合性液晶材料、重合性液晶組成物、高分子、光学フィルム、光学異方体、偏光板、反射防止フィルム、表示装置、並びに、重合性液晶組成物の製造方法 |
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| CN109715761A (zh) * | 2016-09-09 | 2019-05-03 | Dic株式会社 | 聚合性液晶组合物、以及使用其的光学膜 |
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