4366 2 3 A7 B7 五、發明說明（ί )4366 2 3 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (ί)
〔發明所屬之技術領域〕 J 本發明係有關於能對汽車、軌道車、船舶等交通工具 加減速時的加速度、這些交通工具轉彎時的加速度、衝擊 等較長周期的加速度進行測定之加速度傳感器的技術，主 要是有關於以能測定大加速度的方式將阻尼器部分加以改 良之加速度傳感器之檢測部》 〔先前技術〕 以往，爲了測定軌道車、船舶等交通工具加減速時的 加速度及這些交通工具轉彎時的加速度，作爲裝載於這些 交通工具上的加速度傳感器之檢測部51，已提案出的有例 如圖18所示般，將其上隔著既定間隔裝設有圓筒形的鐵製 重錘53和圓筒形的肥粒鐵鋼等製的偵知用鐵芯54之滑動 軸55，以透過支持台56上的滑車57而能在軸方向滑動自 如的方式支持在基板52上，基於會和重錘53 —起移動之 偵知用鐵芯54的移動量來測定其加速度。阻尼器58，係 藉由使重錘53被吸向配設於其兩側之吸引用磁石59、59 側，以將汽車、軌道車等行走中因道路的凹凸面和軌道的 起伏所產生上下振動、起因於引擎和驅動系統之機械振動 、亦即無關於駕駛的操作所產生之其他原因所致之加速度 4 和振動從計測中除去，而具有能使偵知用鐵芯54不致產生 不經意的移動之機能。 ' 然而，汽車、軌道車等的行走中起因於駕駛操作之加 減速所致的加速度、因操作方向盤所致之加速度等大加速 度或衝擊產生時，加速度檢測器的檢測部51中，隨著重錘 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） C請先閱讀背面之注意事t再填· 寫本頁) 裝 經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 4366 2 3 A7 _ B7___ 五、發明說明（>0 53的移動，偵知用鐵芯54也會一起移動。偵知部60將偵 知出該偵知用鐵芯54的移動’例如因應檢測用鐡芯54的 移動量輸出電壓，藉由單獨的輸出各電壓，以測定其微小 的變化。由於該移動量和加速度具比例關係，藉由測定其 電壓即可對加速度做連續的測定。 〔發明所要解決的課題〕 然而，上述構成阻尼器58的重錘53，如圖19所示般 ，即使加速度傳感器之檢測部51受到汽車' 軌道車等行走 中的微振動、加速度或衝擊而使滑動軸55旋轉，爲了使滑 動軸55上所裝設的重錘53和吸引用磁石50的磁力不致產 生變動，係將該重錘53設爲圖筒形。如此般之圓筒形的重 錘53，當大的衝擊加諸於加速度傳感器之檢測部51時， 會很容易的脫離吸引用磁石59的磁場，而使其喪失作爲阻 尼器58的機能，而有無法測定大加速度的問題。 本發明係有鑑於上述問題而提案出者，其目的是提供 一加速度傳感器之檢測部，藉由使作爲阻尼器來作用之重 錘和吸引用磁石能改變形狀、質量並加以適當的組合，即 可因應使用目的之加速度的大小來做正確的測定。 〔用以解決課題之手段〕 爲了達成上述目的，本發明之加速度傳感器之檢測部 的要旨在於，在基板上，將裝設有重錘和偵知用鐵芯之滑 動軸，以能在軸方向滑動自如的方式支持著；並以重錘的 兩側面所形成之各鼓出部靠近吸引用磁石的方式在重錘的 兩側配設吸引用磁石，以使重錘被吸引用磁石側所吸引而 4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 4366 2 3 A7 ____B7 _ 五、發明說明（今） 形成阻尼器；在偵知用鐵芯的外周’以靜止時偵知用鐵芯 會位於偵知用線圈內的中央之方式將偵知用線圏固設於基 板上。該形成有鼓出部的重錘’係形成截面爲長圓形之接 近圓筒形，或是在接近四角柱形或圓筒狀的兩側分別形成 沿滑動軸方向延伸的突條。 依據上述構成的加速度傳感器之檢測部’偵知用鐵芯 會因加速度而移動於偵知用線圈內，依據差電壓變壓器的 原理，偵知用線圈會因應該移動量而輸出電壓。藉由單獨 的輸出偵知用線圈所產生的各電壓，即使在中立點附近也 有來自偵知用線圈的輸出’故針對中立點附近的微小變化 也能做正確的測定。由於該移動量和加速度具比例關係’ 藉由測定偵知用線圈所產生的電壓即可對加速度做連續的 測定。 又，依據上述構成的阻尼器，藉由將重錘用其兩側的 吸引用磁石來吸引，在微細的振動等活動下’由於該重錘 不易移動，滑動軸上所裝設的偵知用鐵芯也將不易移動’ 因此能從測定中去除這種微細的振動。特別是’由於形成 有鼓出部的重錘和吸引用磁石間形成著強力的磁場’因此 可測定大的加速度。藉由將如此般作爲阻尼器來作用的重 錘之形狀做適當的變形，因應加速度的大小做準確的測定 將變得可能。 又，本發明之加速度傳感器之檢測部所採用的手段’ 係在基板上，將裝設有重錘和偵知用鐵芯之滑動軸’以能 在軸方向滑動自如的方式支持著；將比重錘的滑動軸方向 本紙張又度適用中困蹕家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 * 297公* ) 請 先 ,Μ 讀 背 再 填i ί裝 頁 訂 經濟部智慧財產扃負工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 A366 2 3 五 經濟部智慧財產局員工消f合作社印製 、發明說明（A) 先 閲 -讀 背 之全長來得短之吸引用磁石配設於重錘的兩側’以使重錘 被各吸引用磁石側所吸引而形成阻尼器；在偵知用鐵芯的 外周，以靜止時偵知用鐵芯會位於偵知用線圈內的中央之 方式將偵知用線圈固設於基板上。 又，將比重錘的滑動軸方向之全長來得短之吸引用磁 石、比重錘的滑動軸方向之全長來得長之吸引用磁石分別 配設於重錘的兩側，或是在吸引用磁石上張設著集磁鋼框 也可以。 訂 依據上述構成的阻尼器，由於吸引用磁石之滑動軸方 向的幅寬比重錘的全長來得短，吸引用磁石和重錘間的磁 場狹窄而能形成強力的磁場，故能將重錘強力的固定住， 而能測定大的加速度。又，藉由將比重錘的滑動軸方向之 全長來得短之吸引用磁石、比重錘的滑，動軸方向之全長來. 得長之吸引用磁石分別配設於重錘的兩側，短的吸引用磁 石會形成強力的磁場，長的吸引用磁石則形成長範圍的磁 場，如此般即使因大加速度而使重錘脫離短吸引用磁石的 磁場，由於重錘不致脫離長吸引用磁石的磁場，因此不致 阻礙其作爲阻尼器的機能 <=如此般，藉由將作爲阻尼器來 作用之重錘的形狀或吸引用磁石的形狀做適當的變形，因 應加速度的大小做準確的測定是可能的。 又滑動軸的支持也可以是，在基板上配設支持構件’ 在形成於支持構件的透孔上固設著內徑稍大於滑動軸的外 徑且具有磁力之軸插通部，在該軸插通部內，於充塡著分 散於液體中之磁性流體的狀態下，將滑動軸以滑動自如的 本纸張尺度適用中囲0家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐〉 43662 3 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消费合作社印聚 五、發明說明（f) 方式插通著。 如此般透過磁性流體將滑動軸插通於支持構件的軸插 通部，在具有磁力的軸插通部之插通部分，磁性流體的磁 性微粒子將提高油等液體的粘性而將滑動軸以滑動自如的 方式更確實的支持住。且’由於採將滑動軸插通於軸插通 部而使滑動軸不致被拔出的構造，即使加速度傳感器之檢 測部產生激烈的振動’也能避免重錘和偵知用磁石脫離等 不佳情形。又’由於油等液體在軸插通部的滯留率高，因 此能使重錘與偵知用磁石和滑動軸一起圓滑的滑動。 〔發明之實施形態〕 以下，根據圖面來說明本發明的加速度傳感器之檢測 部之實施形態。 圖1~圖3係顯示本發明的加速度傳感器之檢測部全體 的構成》 本發明之加速度傳感器之檢測部1，係將裝設有重錘2 和偵知用鐵芯3之滑動軸4，以僅在軸方向滑動自如的方 式支持於基板5上：並在重錘2的兩側配設吸引用磁石6 、6來構成阻尼器7。滑動軸4是由細的棒狀部件構成，在 滑動軸4的中間部之任意位置，將鐵或鎳製等的磁性材構 成之重錘2以其中心部被滑動軸4貫穿的方式裝設著《又 ，在滑動軸4的中間部之其他任意位置，將圓筒狀的偵知 用鐵芯3以其中心部被滑動軸4貫穿的方式裝設著。如此 般使重錘2'偵知用鐵芯3、滑動軸4成爲一體的構成。偵 知用鐵芯3係例如肥粒鐵鋼、矽鋼、非晶質鋼等強磁性體 7 玉紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4^格（210 X 297公« ) 議 β請先«讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 訂！ -t . 43662 3 A7 B7 經濟部智萁財產局貝工消费合作社印製 五、發明說明（4 ) ，係具有小保磁力之材質所構成的鐵芯。又，只要是強磁 性體且具有小保磁力的材質，也能使用前述等以外的特殊 鋼。 基板5，係例如鋁製板等非磁性材所構成的板材，係 將埋設有軸承8a、8b之支持台9配設於兩處，各支持台9 的上側軸承8a連結著上側滑輪10a、下側軸承8b連結著下 側滑輪l〇b。上側滑輪10a和下側滑輪10b的外周之截面係 形成約略相等於滑動軸4的半徑之半圖形，利用上側滑輪 10a和下側滑輪10b以使滑輪軸4沿其軸方向滑動，且不致 在軸方向以外的方向移動。該滑動軸4的支持機構，雖針 對利用軸承8a、8b和上下側的滑輪l〇a、10b來支持成滑 動自如的構成做說明，但只要是能將滑動軸4以能確實的 沿其軸方向滑動自如的方式加以支持之構成，並不限定聆 如此般的構成，例如將滑動軸4以能滑動自如的方式插通 於內徑稍大於滑動軸4的筒狀體(未圖示)內亦可》 本發明之作爲阻尼器7來作用的重錘2之形狀，並非 以往般之單純的圓筒形(參照圖19)，是將圖4所示般之形 成截面爲長圓形的略圓筒形之重錘2以在滑動軸4的方向 被滑動軸4貫穿的方式裝設著。在重錘2上形成鼓出部2a 、2a，以在其和吸引用磁石6、6間形成強力的磁場。藉由 如此般的構成，以使得加速度傳感器之檢測部1變得能做 以加速度爲主的測定。 在基板5上與重錘的兩側分別隔著間隙而呈對向配置 之2個吸引用磁石6、6，係藉由吸引重錘2來發揮阻尼器 % Μ *1 .背 意 再、 填1 I裝 頁 訂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） 4366 2 3 五、發明說明（2) 7的機能。吸引用磁石6之磁力的強弱，能依據所要測定 的加速度大小和重錘2的質量來做任意的選擇交換。如此 般之吸引用磁石6、6及重錘2的可變調整，其特徵爲能拉 長重錘2相對於吸引用磁石6、6的移動距離，而使重錘2 的移動變得更圓滑，同時能避免靜止時重錘2不會回到既 定位置之不佳情形。 圖5(a)~(c)係顯示作爲阻尼器來作用之重錘的其他發明 之實施形態。 重錘2的形狀，除圖4所示之形成截面長圓形之略圓 筒形外’也可以是以在重錘2的側面形成角部所構成的鼓 出部2b、2b的方式來形成近似四角柱狀(圖5(a))，或是在 圓筒狀的兩側分別形成沿著滑動軸方向延伸之突條所構成 的鼓出部2c、2c(圖5(b))，或即使是單純的近似板狀的蓽 錘2 ’也能以在其兩端部2d、2d和吸引用磁石6、6間形成 有強力磁場的方式來構成(圖5(c)) 〇藉由如此般將作爲阻尼 器7來作用的重錘2的形狀做適當的變形，因應加速度的 大小做準確的測定將變得可能。 經濟部智慧財I局員工消费合作社印製 用以偵知重錘2的移動之各偵知線圈u、12、13，係 分別獨立地由金屬線捲繞成，或是以形成一個筒狀體的方 式連續的形成出，3個偵知用線圈11、12、13係利用非磁 性材構成的線圈支持台14、14支持住其兩端。在這些偵知 用線圈11、12、13內插通著滑動軸4，將偵知用鐵芯3定 位在相當於3個偵知用線圈11、12、13的中央部之偵知用 線圈12的位置。該偵知用鐵芯3之長軸方向的長度，係比 9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 * 297公釐） 4366 2 3 A7 ____________ B7 經濟部智慧財產局霣工消费合作社印製 五、發明說明（y) 中央部的偵知用線圈12來得稍長，而使其及於兩側的偵知 用線圈11、13。 又，本發明的實施形態中，從圖2之滑動軸4的左側 起，依序配列著滑輪l〇a、10b之支持台9、偵知用鐵芯3( 偵知用線圈11、12、13)、重錘2(吸引用磁石6、6)、滑輪 10a、l〇b的支持台9。當然，因應加速度傳感器之檢測部1 的構造來將配列做適當的變更亦可。 針對如此般構成之加速度傳感器之檢測部1，若有汽 車等的行走中之加速度的作用，重錘2將依其尺寸來反抗 吸引用磁石6的磁力並移動。將和滑動軸4 —起移動之偵 知用鐵芯3的移動量，藉由利用差電壓變壓器原理的偵知 用線圏11、12、13之電氣測定，即可測定其加速度的大小 ，而作爲加速度傳感器之檢測部1來作用。 圖6〜圖9保顯示爲在作爲阻尼器來作用之重錘和吸引 用磁石間形成強磁場之吸引用磁石的其他實施形態》 上述發明的實施形態中，係藉由改變重錘2的形狀來 使重錘2和吸引用磁石6、6間形成強磁場，而藉由改變吸 引用磁石6和重錘2的組合，也能使重錘2和吸引用磁石 6間形成強磁場。例如，如圖6所示般，使吸引用磁石6 的滑動軸4方向的幅寬L1形成比重錘2的全長L2來得短 。如此般使吸引用磁石6的幅寬L1比重錘2的全長L2來 得短，將形成強磁場，以將重錘2強力的固定住，而使加 速度傳感器之檢測部1能測定大的加速度。 又，如圖7所示般，可在細長的集磁鋼板所彎曲成之 itli·先閱讀背面之注 意事W再填寫. _本頁) 裝 訂. 本紙張尺度適用中a國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 B7 436623 五、發明說明（ 截面近似C字形的集磁鋼框15內側張設吸引用磁石6、6 。如此般之使用集磁鋼框15，磁力會增強，而形成強磁場 ，以將重錘2強力的固定住β 又，如圖8(a)、（b)所不般，將所具有的全長L4比重 錘2的滑動軸4方向的全長L3來得短之吸引用磁石6、所 具有的全長L5比重錘2的滑動軸4方向的全長L3來得長 之吸引用磁石6分別配設於重錘2的兩側也可以》如此般 ，在短的吸引用磁石6處能和重錘2間形成強磁場，在長 的吸引用磁石6處能和重錘2間形成長範圍的磁場。因此 ，即使因大加速度而使重錘2脫離短的吸引用磁石6之磁 場，由於重錘2不致從長吸引用磁石6的磁場脫離，故將 不致阻礙其作爲阻尼器7的機能。 又，要在加速度傳感器之檢測部1測定小的加速度時 ，例如圖9所示般，使吸引用磁石6之滑動軸4方向的幅 寬L6形成比重錘2的全長L7來得長。如此般，雖然形成 的磁場會變弱但會形成廣範圍的磁場，而使重錘2變得不 易固定，故即使在弱的加速度下重錘2也會移動，如此即 可測定小的加速度》如此般，藉由將作爲阻尼器7來作用 之重錘2和吸引用磁石6的組合做適當的變更，即可因應 加速度的大小做準確的測定^ 圖10及圖11係顯示滑動軸的支持構造及偵知用線圈 的其他發明之實施形態。 就上述構成之加速度傳感器之檢測部1，有關設有支 持滑動軸4用的滑輪l〇a、10b之支持台14的構造，係針 11 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規烙（210 * 297.公釐） 請 先 閱 —讀 背 意 再ΙΊ ί裝 頁 訂 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消f合作社印製 43662 3 A7 ___I_J7______ 五、發明說明（丨 對將滑輪10a、丨Ob配置於上下方向者作說明(參照圖1)° 但滑輪10a、l〇b和支持台14的構造並非以如此般的構成 爲限。例如，將能挾持滑動軸4之滑輪10c、10d以配置於 水平方向的方式設於支持台16上亦可。藉由如此般以使滑 輪10c、10d配置於水平方向的方式將支持台16的形狀做 適當的變形，即可使得加速度傳感器之檢測部1的裝置整 體變爲扁平狀。 上述發明的實施形態中，係針對因應移動於3個偵知 用線圈11、12、13的內側之偵知用鐵芯3的移動量來輸出 電壓的方式做說明。但並不一定要將連續設置3個偵知用 線圈11、12、13，如圖10所示般，將2個偵知用線圈17 、18透過位於其兩端之非磁性材構成的線圈支持台14、14 來支持者，也能偵知出加速度。在這2個偵知用線圈17、. 18之接合部分、即中央位置，係偵知用線圈.3之所在位置 。就算是這種構成的2個偵知用線圈17、18，也能藉由測 定偵知用線圈17、18所產生的電壓來測定加速度。 圖12及圖13係顯示在支持構件的軸插通部充塡磁性 流體以插通支持住滑動軸之其他實施形態。 上述滑動軸4的支持機構，係針對利用軸承8a、8b和 上下側的滑輪10c、10d(10a、10b)來支持成滑動自如的構成 做說明，但只要能將滑動軸4以使其能在軸方向確實的滑 動自如的方式支持住者，並不限於上述構成。例如圖示般 ，在基板5上配設支持構件19、19，在形成於支持構件19 的透孔19a上固設著內徑稍大於滑動軸4的外徑且具有磁 12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A41格（210 ^ 4366 2 3 A7 ____B7___ 五、發明說明（//) 力的軸插通部19b，在該軸插通部19b內，於充塡著分散 於油等液體中之磁性流體20的狀態下，將滑動軸4以滑動 自如的方式插通著。 依據如此般的構成，由於透過磁性流體20來使滑動軸 4插通於支持構件19的軸插通部19b，在具有磁力的軸插 通部19b之插通部分，磁性流體20的磁性微粒子將提高油 等液體的粘性，而和上述滑輪l〇c、10d(10a、10b)同樣的能 使重錘2和偵知用磁石3確實地朝前後方向滑動。且，由 於採將滑動軸4插通於軸插通部19b而使滑動軸4不致被 拔出的構造，即使汽車行走中加速度傳感器之檢測部1產 生激烈的振動，也能避免重錘2和偵知用磁石3脫離等不 佳情形。又，由於油等構成的磁性流體20在軸插通部19b 的滯留率高，因此能使重錘2與偵知用磁石3和滑動軸4 一起長期地圓滑的滑動。 圖14係顯示將上述構成的加速度傳感器之檢測部組裝 入機殻內的加速度傳感器之實施形態。 加速度傳感器21，係在機殼22內以X方向和Y方向 直交的方式配設2個上述構成的加速度傳感器之檢測部1 。X方向之檢測部lx，係用以檢測出相對於汽車等的行走 方向之前後方向的加速度：Y方向之檢測部ly，係用以檢 測出相對於汽車等的行走方向呈垂直之左右方向的加速度 又，於機殻22內設置著能輸出電壓之處理部24，該 處理部設有：對於以能在垂直方向動作的方式配置之壓電 13 I 閲 -讀 背 意 ηι 填丄 ϊ裝 頁 訂 經濟部智慧財產局興工消费合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國Η家楳準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐〉 4366 2 3 A7 __B7__ — 五、發明說明（[Μ 形加速度計、或採用電阻應變儀方式、伺服方式、靜電容 方式或半導體方式之加速度計等的檢測部23的驅動電路（ 未圖示)及保持電路。 如此般構成的加速度傳感器21，能裝載於軌道車等的 車體上來使用。處理部24，會對中央部的偵知用線圈12 供給例如300〜350kHz的高頻電源，且在汽車等的行走中’ 藉由裝設於滑動軸4之偵知用鐵芯3的移動，而檢測出兩 側的偵知用線圈11、13所產生的電壓，將其換算成加速度 的大小並加以輸出。藉由使用高頻電源，將能減少線圈的 捲繞數，並能改良輸出曲線，又能除去磁性體對周圍的影 響。該處理部24所測定出之加速度傳感器的大小，係例如 以0.1G的單位來輸出。又，除了裝載著加速度傳感器21 之汽車或軌道車等行進中之前後方向及左右方向之基於駕. 駛的操作之加速度的測定，也能測定出上下方向的加速度 ，而能對駕駛的操作狀態做更正確的監視。 在加速度傳感器21之機殻22的正面，裝設著能將測 定出的加速度大小以0.1G的單位來顯示之加速度顯示板。 在加速度顯示板上可裝設電源顯示燈和水平顯示燈。當靜 止時，若X方向的加速度傳感器之檢測部U和Υ方向的. 加速度傳感器之檢測部ly的加速度分別爲0的狀態，由於 加速度傳感器21係形成水平狀態，若成爲這種狀態水平顯 示燈將熄滅，而代表著其爲水平。 接著，根據圖15的方塊圖來說明電源的供給和輸出。 電源所供給的直流電流係經由發送電路成爲300~350Hz的 本紙張尺度適用中國困家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公* ) 43662 3 A7 _ B7__ 五、發明說明US ) 高頻，而被供給到加速度傳感器之檢測部ΐχ，b的中央部 之偵知用線圈12 =靜止時，滑動軸4上所裝設的偵知用鐵 芯3雖靜止於中央部的偵知用線圈Π的位置，但因偵知用 鐵芯3稍長於中央部的偵知用線圈12，故會以及於兩側的 偵知用線圈11、13的方式突出偵知用線圏12。因此’即 使在靜止狀態，在兩側的偵知用線圈11、13也會產生若干 的電壓。以此狀態下之加速度成爲〇的方式做零位調整。 汽車、軌道車等行走而使偵知用鐵芯3移動時，位於 偵知用鐵芯3的兩側之偵知用線圈11、13所產生的電壓’ 係經由整流器而被放大器放大，而使各偵知用線圏11、13 所產生的電壓逐次由各端子輸出。亦即，加速度傳感器之 檢測部lx係輸出因應前後方向的加速度之電壓’加速度傳 感器之檢測部ly係輸出因應左右方向的加速度之電壓。又: ，上下方向的加速度，則可用壓電形加速度計等檢測部23 來檢測。 圖16係顯示因應加速度的電壓輸出狀態之一例。 將加速度傳感器21以水平狀態下的輸出爲〇V的方式 .做調整，接著將加速度傳感器1垂直立起後發生1G加速 度的作用，以這時的輸出成爲一定的方式調整偵知用線圈 11的輸出，並在逆向的情形調整偵知用線圏13的輸出° 經如此般的調整後，測定實際的加速度產生時之輸出’將 其繪製成圖表，則如圖示般係成爲近似直線’即偵知用線 圈11、13所產生的電壓和加速度具有一比例關係。因此’ 藉由測量偵知用線圈11 ' 13所產生的電壓，即可測定加速 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS>A4规格（210 X 297公釐） 先 閲 *讀 背 注 in A 1 I裝 頁 訂 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消费合作社印製 436623 A7 ____ B7___ 五、發明說明（丨十） 度。然而，依偵知用線圈11、13的程度而有時必須進行電 氣式直線性修正。 又，爲了對裝載著加速度傳感器21之汽車或軌道車等 的行走中之前後方向和左右方向的加速度做正確的記錄’ 將加速度傳感器21之輸出輸到資料自動記錄，將輸出做 A/D轉換，藉計算機處理以例如以0.2秒爲單位表示於圖表 中亦可。圖Π係顯示該圖表的一例。如此般，加速狀態與 減速狀態和方向盤操作間的關係將可一目瞭然，而能得知 駕駛員是如何的進行駕駛。 上述發明的實施形態中主要是說明，將加速度傳感器 之檢測部1和加速度傳感器21裝載於汽車、軌道車、般舶 等交通工具，而測定該交通工具加減速時的加速度或轉彎 時產生的加速度。然而，本發明的加速度傳感器21不限妗 用來測定交通工具所產生的加速度，也能應用於地震計' 因電梯事故所致之各種加速度或振動所致的衝擊、地層滑 動的偵知、起重機等工程機械裝置所產生的異常、高層建 築物的避震裝置、或是將各種機械裝置所產生的異常利用 其振動時的變化來檢測出。 〔發明之效果〕 本發明之加速度傳感器之檢測部，由於具有以上的構 成，將汽車或軌道車等因行走中之加速度、或因停止中遭 受衝擊所導致之偵知用鐵芯的移動量，利用偵知用線圈所 產生的電壓變化來檢測出，故能連續地檢測出加速度的變 化。且，因應待測定的加速度大小，能將構成阻尼器之重 16 本紙張尺度適用中國a家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 436623 Α7 Β7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印« 五、發明說明（if) 錘和吸引用磁石的形成做適當的改變’而藉由適當的組合 以使重錘和吸引用磁石間所形成的磁場強度改變，如此即 可對從大加速度到小加速度之各種加速度做測定。 又，藉由裝載於汽車或軌道車等，即可測定駕駛操作 時所產生的加速度。藉由記錄如此般的測定結果即可監視 駕駛員的駕駛狀態，不僅能有效的防止事故的發生，同時 在事故發生時也能利用於原因的推斷，因此本發明確實具 有極大的效果。 〔圖式之簡單說明〕 圖1係顯示本發明的加速度傳感器之檢測部之實施形 態之立體圖。 圖2係顯示加速度傳感器之檢測部之側視圖。 圖3係顯示加速度傳感器之檢測部的俯視圖。 圖4係顯示構成阻尼器的重錘之前視截面圖。 圖5係顯示重錘的其他實施形態之前視截面圖，有將 重錘形成近似四角柱形者U)，在圓筒狀的重錘兩側形成沿 軸方向延伸的突條者(b)，將重錘形成板狀者(c)。 圖6係顯示吸引用磁石的滑動軸方向的幅寬比重錘全 長來得短之其他實施形態的重要部分俯視圖β 圖7係顯示在集磁鋼框的內側張設吸引用磁石的其他 實施形態之前視截面圖。 圖8係顯示將比重錘全長來得短之吸引用磁石和來得 長之吸引用磁石配設於重錘兩側之其他實施形態的重要部 分俯視圖(a)及重要部分立體圖(b)。 17 (锖先Μ讀背面之注項再填寫本頁) Γ 裝 訂： 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 η 297公釐） 經濟部智慧财產局具工消費合作社印製 43662 3 7 A7 B7 五、發明說明（/h 圖9係顯示爲了測定小加速度、而將吸引用磁石之滑 動軸方向的幅寬形成比重錘全長來得長之其他實施形態的 重要部分俯視圖。 圖10係顯示將滑輪水平配置以支持滑動軸的構造及偵 知用線圈的其他實施形態之立體圖。 圖11係顯示滑動軸之支持構造及偵知用線圈的其他實 施形態之側視圖。 圖12係顯示在支持構件的軸插通部充塡磁性流體以插 通支持著滑動軸的構造之其他實施形態的重要部分立體圖 〇 圖13係顯示滑動軸之支持構造的其他實施形態之重要 部分擴大截面圖。 圖14係顯示將本發明的加速度傳感器之檢測部安裝後 之加速度傳感器的實施形態之俯視圖。 圖15係顯示加速度傳感器的電氣流動之方塊圖。 圖16係顯示偵知用線圈中偵知用鐵芯移動時加速度和 輸出的關係之測定說明圖。 圖17係輸入資料自動記錄器之加速度變化的記錄圖表 〇 圖18係顯示構成以往的阻尼器的加速度傳感器之檢測 部的俯視圖。 圖19係顯示構成以往的阻尼器之近似圓筒狀的重錘之 前視圖。 〔符號說明〕 (请先《讀背面之注f項再填窝本頁) 裝 訂· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公« ) A7 436623 _B7 五、發明說明（j) 1 加速度傳感器之檢測部 2 里®Κ 2a 重錘之鼓出部 3 偵知用鐵芯 4 滑動軸 5 基板 6 吸引用磁石 7 阻尼器 11 ' 12 ' 13 偵知用線圈 19 支持構件 19b 軸插通部 20 磁性流體 經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格<210 * 297公釐）[Technical Field to which the Invention belongs] J The present invention relates to an acceleration sensor capable of measuring accelerations during acceleration and deceleration of vehicles, railcars, ships, and the like, accelerations during turning of these vehicles, and accelerations over a long period of time, such as shocks. The technology is mainly related to the detection unit of an acceleration sensor that improves the damper part in a way that can measure large accelerations. [Previous technology] In the past, in order to measure the acceleration and deceleration of rail vehicles, ships and other vehicles and these traffic, The acceleration when a tool turns is proposed as a detection unit 51 of an acceleration sensor mounted on these vehicles. For example, as shown in FIG. 18, a cylindrical iron weight is mounted on the vehicle at a predetermined interval. The sliding shaft 55 of the detection core 54 made of a hammer 53 and a cylindrical ferrite steel, etc., is supported on the substrate 52 so as to be able to slide freely in the axial direction through a pulley 57 on the supporting table 56. The detection of the movement with the weight 53 uses the amount of movement of the iron core 54 to measure its acceleration. The damper 58 causes the weight 53 to be attracted to the attracting magnets 59 and 59 disposed on both sides of the damper 58, so as to move up and down due to the uneven surface of the road and the undulations of the track during the walking of a car, a railcar, etc. Vibrations, accelerations 4 and vibrations caused by mechanical vibrations of the engine and drive system, that is, non-driving-related operations, are eliminated from the measurement, and the detection core 54 can be prevented from being inadvertently generated. The function of movement. ′ However, when a large acceleration or impact such as acceleration due to acceleration or deceleration of a driving operation or acceleration due to operation of a steering wheel occurs during the walking of a car or a railcar, the detection unit 51 of the acceleration detector follows the weight 3 This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) C Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and printed by the Consumer Cooperatives 2366 2 3 A7 _ B7___ V. Description of the invention (> 0 53 The movement of the detection iron core 54 will also move together. The detection unit 60 will detect the movement of the detection iron core 54 'for example, the detection core The output voltage of the movement amount of 54 measures the small changes by individually outputting each voltage. Because the movement amount is proportional to the acceleration, the acceleration can be continuously measured by measuring the voltage. [Invention to solve However, as shown in FIG. 19, the weight 53 of the above-mentioned damper 58 is subject to the micro-vibration, acceleration, or impact of the acceleration sensor detection unit 51 during running, such as an automobile or a railcar. The sliding shaft 55 is rotated to prevent the magnetic force of the weight 53 mounted on the sliding shaft 55 and the magnet 50 for attraction from being changed. The weight 53 is formed in a cylindrical shape. When a large impact is applied to the detection section 51 of the acceleration sensor, the weight 53 of the high-speed hammer can easily escape from the magnetic field of the attraction magnet 59 and lose its function as a damper 58. The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide an acceleration sensor detection unit that can change the shape and quality of a weight and a magnet for attraction by acting as a damper, and can appropriately combine the shape and mass. [Measures to solve the problem] In order to achieve the above object, the main purpose of the detection unit of the acceleration sensor of the present invention is to mount a weight on a substrate. The sliding shaft of the hammer and the iron core for detection is supported in such a way as to be able to slide freely in the axial direction; and the bulging portions formed on both sides of the heavy hammer are close to those of the magnet for attraction The magnets for attraction are arranged on both sides of the weight so that the weight is attracted to the magnet side of the attraction. 4 paper sizes are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 4366 2 3 A7 ____B7 _ V. Description of the invention (now) Forming a damper; the detection wire core is fixed on the substrate so that the detection iron core will be located in the center of the detection coil when it is stationary. The swollen weight with the bulging portion is formed into a nearly cylindrical shape with an oval cross section, or protrusions extending along the direction of the sliding axis are formed on two sides close to a quadrangular column shape or a cylindrical shape, respectively. According to the detection unit of the acceleration sensor configured as described above, the detection core moves in the detection coil due to acceleration, and according to the principle of the differential voltage transformer, the detection coil outputs a voltage according to the amount of movement. Each voltage generated by a separate output detection coil has an output from the detection coil even near the neutral point. Therefore, it is possible to accurately measure a small change near the neutral point. Since the movement amount is proportional to the acceleration ’, the acceleration can be continuously measured by measuring the voltage generated by the detection coil. In addition, according to the damper configured as described above, the weight is attracted by the magnets for attraction on both sides of the damper, and under a small vibration or the like, 'the weight is not easy to move, so it is installed on the sliding shaft for detection. The core will also not be easy to move 'so this fine vibration can be removed from the measurement. In particular, "a strong magnetic field is formed between the weight having a bulge and the magnet for attraction", so that a large acceleration can be measured. By appropriately deforming the shape of the weight acting as a damper, accurate measurement in accordance with the magnitude of acceleration will become possible. In addition, the means used by the detection unit of the acceleration sensor of the present invention is “on a substrate, and a sliding shaft provided with a weight and a detection core is supported in a manner capable of sliding freely in the axial direction; The direction of the sliding axis of the hammer is again applicable to the standard of CNS A4 (210 * 297 male *). Please read it first, and then fill in it. A7 B7 A366 2 3 Five employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed and invented by the cooperative. (A) Read first-read the full length of the back to make it shorter. Attraction magnets are placed on both sides of the weight. It is attracted by the magnet sides of each attraction to form a damper; the detection coil is fixed on the substrate so that the detection core will be located at the center of the detection coil when it is stationary. on. In addition, the magnets for attraction that have a shorter total length in the direction of the sliding axis of the weight hammer, and the magnets for attraction that have a longer total length in the direction of the slide axis of the weight are disposed on both sides of the weight, or are stretched on the magnet for attraction It is also possible to provide a magnetic steel frame. According to the above-mentioned damper, the width of the magnet in the sliding axis direction of the suction magnet is shorter than the total length of the weight, and the magnetic field between the suction magnet and the weight is narrow to form a strong magnetic field. It can be fixed and can measure large acceleration. In addition, the magnets for attraction are made shorter by the total length in the sliding axis direction of the gravity hammer, and the lengths of the magnets are moved in the direction of the sliding axis. The magnets for attraction are arranged on both sides of the weight. The magnet for attraction will form a strong magnetic field, while the magnet for long attraction will form a long range magnetic field. Even if the heavy hammer is separated from the magnetic field of the short magnet for high acceleration, the heavy hammer will not be separated from the magnetic field of the long magnet for attraction. , So that it does not hinder its function as a damper < = so, by appropriately deforming the shape of the weight acting as a damper or the shape of the magnet for attraction, it is possible to accurately measure the magnitude of the acceleration of. Moreover, the support of the sliding shaft may be provided with a supporting member provided on the substrate. A through-hole formed in the supporting member is fixed with a shaft insertion portion having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the sliding shaft and having a magnetic force. With the magnetic fluid dispersed in the liquid inserted in the insertion part, the sliding shaft can be slid freely to the standard of this paper (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 43662 3 A7 B7 Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, V. Invention Description (f) The method is inserted. In this way, the sliding shaft is inserted into the shaft insertion portion of the supporting member through the magnetic fluid, and the magnetic shaft is inserted In the insertion part of the through part, the magnetic particles of the magnetic fluid will increase the viscosity of the liquid such as oil and more reliably support the sliding shaft in a sliding manner. Also, because the sliding shaft is inserted into the shaft insertion part, The structure that the sliding shaft is not pulled out, even if the vibration part of the acceleration sensor generates severe vibrations, it can avoid the bad situations such as the weight and the detection magnet from detaching. Also, because of the retention rate of the liquid such as oil in the shaft insertion part high Therefore, the weight can be slid smoothly together with the magnet for detection and the sliding shaft. [Embodiments of the invention] Hereinafter, embodiments of the detection unit of the acceleration sensor according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figs. 1 to 3 Shows the overall configuration of the detection unit of the acceleration sensor of the present invention. "The detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor of the present invention is a sliding shaft 4 equipped with a weight 2 and a detection core 3 so as to slide freely only in the axial direction. The method is supported on the base plate 5: the magnets 6 and 6 for attraction are arranged on both sides of the weight 2 to form the damper 7. The sliding shaft 4 is composed of a thin rod-shaped member, and the middle part of the sliding shaft 4 At any position, a weight 2 made of a magnetic material such as iron or nickel is installed so that its center portion is penetrated by the sliding shaft 4 and a cylindrical shape is placed at any other position in the middle portion of the sliding shaft 4. The detection iron core 3 is installed so that the center portion is penetrated by the sliding shaft 4. In this way, the weight 2 'detection iron core 3 and the sliding shaft 4 are integrated. The detection iron core 3 Ferromagnetic materials such as ferrous steel, silicon steel, and amorphous steel7 Jade paper scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 ^ grid (210 X 297 male «) Negotiable β Please« read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Binding! -t. 43662 3 A7 B7 Printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (4) is an iron core made of a material with small coercive force. In addition, as long as the material is a ferromagnetic material and has a small coercive force, special steels other than those described above can be used. The base plate 5 is a plate made of a non-magnetic material such as an aluminum plate, and the support tables 9 with bearings 8a and 8b embedded therein are arranged at two places. The upper bearing 8a of each support table 9 connects the upper pulley 10a and the lower The side bearing 8b is connected to the lower pulley 10b. The cross sections of the outer peripheries of the upper pulley 10a and the lower pulley 10b form a half-diagram approximately equal to the radius of the sliding shaft 4. The upper pulley 10a and the lower pulley 10b are used to cause the pulley shaft 4 to slide in its axial direction and not to be on the shaft. Move in a direction other than the direction. Although the support mechanism of the sliding shaft 4 is described with respect to a structure capable of being supported by the bearings 8a and 8b and the upper and lower pulleys 10a and 10b to be slidable, as long as the sliding shaft 4 can be reliably moved along its axis The structure that supports sliding in a free direction is not limited to such a structure. For example, the sliding shaft 4 can be slid into a cylindrical body (not shown) with an inner diameter slightly larger than the sliding shaft 4 The shape of the weight 2 acting as the damper 7 of the present invention is not a simple cylindrical shape as in the past (refer to FIG. 19), but is a schematic diagram of an oval cross section formed as shown in FIG. 4. The cylindrical weight 2 is installed so as to be penetrated by the sliding shaft 4 in the direction of the sliding shaft 4. Bulge portions 2a and 2a are formed on the weight 2 so as to form a strong magnetic field between the bulge portions 2a and 2a. With such a configuration, the detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor can measure acceleration mainly. Two suction magnets 6 and 6 which are oppositely arranged on the substrate 5 and the two sides of the weight with a gap therebetween are used to attract the weight 2 to exert the damper% Μ * 1. 1 The size of the bound paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297). 4366 2 3 V. Description of the invention (2) 7 Function. The strength of the magnetic force of the attraction magnet 6 can be exchanged arbitrarily according to the magnitude of the acceleration to be measured and the mass of the weight 2. Such a variable adjustment of the attraction magnets 6, 6 and the weight 2 is characterized in that it can lengthen the moving distance of the weight 2 relative to the attraction magnets 6, 6 and make the movement of the weight 2 smoother. At the same time, it can avoid the bad situation that the weight 2 will not return to the predetermined position when it is stationary. 5 (a) to 5 (c) show other embodiments of the invention of a weight acting as a damper. The shape of the weight 2 may be formed by forming the bulged portions 2b and 2b formed by corners on the side surface of the weight 2 in addition to the slightly cylindrical shape of the cross-section oblong shape shown in FIG. Approximately quadrangular columnar shape (Fig. 5 (a)), or bulges 2c, 2c (Fig. 5 (b)) composed of protrusions extending along the sliding axis direction on both sides of the cylindrical shape, or Even a simple approximately plate-shaped hammer 2 ′ can be configured such that a strong magnetic field is formed between the end portions 2 d and 2 d and the attraction magnets 6 and 6 (FIG. 5 (c)). Generally, the shape of the weight 2 acting as the damper 7 is appropriately deformed, and accurate measurement according to the magnitude of the acceleration will become possible. Each of the detection coils u, 12, 13 used to detect the movement of the hammer 2 is printed by the employee's consumer cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Intelligent Finance Bureau. They are each independently wound by metal wires or formed into a cylindrical body. This method is continuously formed, and the three detection coils 11, 12, and 13 are made of non-magnetic coil support tables 14, 14 to support both ends. A slide shaft 4 is inserted into these detection coils 11, 12, and 13, and the detection core 3 is positioned at the detection coil 12 corresponding to the center of the three detection coils 11, 12, and 13. s position. The length of the detection core 3 in the long axis direction is 9 than the paper size. This paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 * 297 mm) 4366 2 3 A7 ____________ B7 Minority Consumption Cooperative prints 5. Description of the invention (y) The detection coil 12 in the central part is slightly longer, so that it has detection coils 11 and 13 on both sides. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, from the left side of the sliding shaft 4 in FIG. 2, the support stand 9 of the pulleys 10a and 10b, the detection core 3 (the detection coils 11, 12, and 13), weight 2 (magnets 6 and 6 for suction), and support stand 9 of pulleys 10a and 10b. Of course, the arrangement may be appropriately changed in accordance with the structure of the detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor. With respect to the detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor configured as described above, if the acceleration of a vehicle or the like is acting, the weight 2 will move against the magnetic force of the magnet 6 for attraction according to its size. The amount of movement of the detection core 3 moving with the sliding shaft 4 can be measured by the electrical measurement of the detection coils 11, 12, 13 using the differential voltage transformer principle. It functions as the detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor. 6 to 9 show another embodiment of a magnet for attraction that forms a strong magnetic field between a weight acting as a damper and a magnet for attraction. In the embodiment of the invention described above, the shape of the weight 2 is changed. A strong magnetic field is formed between the weight 2 and the magnets 6 and 6 for attraction, and a strong magnetic field can be formed between the weight 2 and the magnet 6 for attraction by changing the combination of the magnets 6 and 6 for attraction. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the width L1 in the direction of the sliding axis 4 of the suction magnet 6 is made shorter than the total length L2 of the weight 2. In this way, the width L1 of the magnet 6 for attraction is made shorter than the total length L2 of the weight 2, and a strong magnetic field is formed to firmly hold the weight 2 so that the detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor can measure a large acceleration. In addition, as shown in Figure 7, itli can be bent from an elongated magnetism-collecting steel plate. Read the cautions on the back before filling it out. _ This page is bound. This paper standard applies to a national standard (CNS) A4. Specifications (210 X 297 mm) A7 B7 436623 V. Description of the invention (The magnetism-collecting steel frame 15 with an approximately C-shaped cross section is provided with magnets 6 and 6 for attraction. Using the magnetism-collecting steel frame 15 in this way will increase the magnetic force. A strong magnetic field is formed to strongly hold β of the hammer 2. As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the total length L4 is shorter than the total length L3 in the direction of the sliding axis 4 of the hammer 2. The magnet 6 for attraction and the total length L5 are longer than the total length L3 in the direction of the sliding shaft 4 of the weight 2. The magnets 6 for attraction can be arranged on both sides of the weight 2, respectively. A strong magnetic field can be formed between the magnet 6 and the weight 2 and a long-range magnetic field can be formed between the magnet 6 for the long attraction and the weight 2. Therefore, even if the weight 2 is released from the short magnet for attraction due to large accelerations The magnetic field of 6 does not hinder the weight of the heavy hammer 2 from the magnetic field of the long magnet 6 for attraction. It is the function of the damper 7. When measuring a small acceleration in the detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the width L6 in the direction of the sliding axis 4 of the suction magnet 6 is formed to be the full length of the weight 2 L7 comes long. In this way, although the magnetic field formed will weaken, a wide range of magnetic field will be formed, making the weight 2 difficult to fix, so the weight 2 will move even under weak acceleration, so you can measure "Small acceleration" is like this. By appropriately changing the combination of the weight 2 and the magnet 6 for attraction that act as a damper 7, accurate measurement can be made according to the magnitude of the acceleration ^ Figure 10 and Figure 11 show The support structure of the sliding shaft and other embodiments of the invention of the detection coil. The detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor configured as described above relates to the structure of the support table 14 provided with the pulleys 10a and 10b for supporting the sliding shaft 4, Pin 11 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 standard (210 * 297. mm) Please read-read the back and then Ί ί Binding page printed by the Bureau of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by Cooperatives 43662 3 A7 ___I_J7 ______ 5. Description of the invention (丨 Describes the pulleys 10a, Ob placed in the up and down direction (see Figure 1) ° However, the structure of the pulleys 10a, 10b and the support table 14 is not limited to such a structure. For example The pulleys 10c and 10d capable of holding the sliding shaft 4 may be arranged on the support table 16 in a horizontal direction. The shape of the support table 16 may be arranged in such a manner that the rollers 10c and 10d are arranged in a horizontal direction. By appropriately deforming, the entire device of the detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor can be made flat. In the embodiment of the invention described above, the detection is performed in response to the movement inside the three detection coils 11, 12, and 13. A method of outputting a voltage using the amount of movement of the iron core 3 will be described. However, it is not necessary to provide three detection coils 11, 12, and 13 in succession. As shown in FIG. 10, two detection coils 17, 18 are supported by coils made of non-magnetic materials at both ends. Supporters from stations 14, 14 can also detect acceleration. At the junction of the two detection coils 17, 18, that is, the central position, is the position of the detection coil .3. Even with the two detection coils 17 and 18 having such a configuration, acceleration can be measured by measuring the voltage generated by the detection coils 17 and 18. Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 show other embodiments in which magnetic fluid is filled in the shaft insertion portion of the support member to support and support the sliding shaft. The support mechanism of the slide shaft 4 described above is for a structure in which the slide shaft 4 is supported by the bearings 8a, 8b and the upper and lower pulleys 10c, 10d (10a, 10b). The support of the occupant in a reliable sliding manner in the axial direction is not limited to the above-mentioned configuration. For example, as shown in the figure, support members 19 and 19 are arranged on the substrate 5, and the through hole 19a formed in the support member 19 is fixed with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the slide shaft 4 and has a magnetic 12 paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A41 (210 ^ 4366 2 3 A7 ____B7___ 5. Explanation of the invention (//) The shaft insertion portion 19b of the force is filled in the shaft insertion portion 19b and dispersed in oil and other liquids In the state of the magnetic fluid 20, the slide shaft 4 is slidably inserted. According to such a configuration, the slide shaft 4 is inserted into the shaft insertion portion 19b of the support member 19 through the magnetic fluid 20, In the insertion portion of the shaft insertion portion 19b with magnetic force, the magnetic particles of the magnetic fluid 20 will increase the viscosity of liquids such as oil, and the same as the above-mentioned pulleys 10c and 10d (10a, 10b), the weight 2 and The detection magnet 3 slides in the front-to-rear direction. The slide shaft 4 is inserted into the shaft insertion portion 19b to prevent the slide shaft 4 from being pulled out. Generates severe vibrations, and can also avoid heavy hammer 2 and detection magnet 3 The magnetic fluid 20 made of oil or the like has a high retention rate in the shaft insertion portion 19b, so that the weight 2 can smoothly slide along with the detection magnet 3 and the sliding shaft 4 for a long time. FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of an acceleration sensor in which the detection unit of the acceleration sensor configured as described above is incorporated into the casing. The acceleration sensor 21 is provided in the casing 22 such that the X direction and the Y direction intersect at right angles. The detection unit 1 of the acceleration sensor 1. The detection unit lx in the X direction is used to detect the acceleration in the front and back directions relative to the walking direction of the car, etc .: The detection unit ly in the Y direction is used to detect the relative to the car, etc. The acceleration in the right and left directions of the walking direction is vertical, and a processing unit 24 capable of outputting voltage is provided in the casing 22, and the processing unit is provided with a piezoelectric 13 I which can be arranged to operate in a vertical direction. Remarks Fill in the booklet and print the pages printed by the Industrial and Commercial Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The paper size is applicable to the China National Standard for Furniture (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 4366 2 3 A7 __B7__ V. Description of the invention ([M-shaped accelerometer, or driving circuit (not shown) of the detection section 23 of the resistance strain gauge method, servo method, electrostatic capacitance method, or semiconductor type accelerometer, etc.] and holding circuit. Structure like this The acceleration sensor 21 can be used by being mounted on the body of a rail car or the like. The processing unit 24 supplies a high-frequency power source such as 300 to 350 kHz to the detection coil 12 in the center, and borrows it while the car is traveling. The voltage generated by the detection coils 11 and 13 on both sides is detected by the movement of the detection core 3 installed on the sliding shaft 4, and the voltage is converted into the magnitude of acceleration and output. By using a high-frequency power supply, the number of windings of the coil can be reduced, the output curve can be improved, and the influence of the magnetic body on the surroundings can be removed. The size of the acceleration sensor measured by the processing unit 24 is, for example, output in units of 0.1G. In addition, in addition to the measurement of the acceleration based on driving and driving directions of a car or a railcar equipped with an acceleration sensor 21, it can also measure the acceleration in the up and down direction, and can control the driving operation state. Do more proper surveillance. On the front face of the casing 22 of the acceleration sensor 21, an acceleration display panel capable of displaying the magnitude of the measured acceleration in units of 0.1G is installed. A power indicator and a horizontal indicator can be installed on the acceleration display board. When stationary, if the acceleration sensor detection unit U in the X direction and the Υ direction. The acceleration of the acceleration sensor detection unit ly is 0, respectively, because the acceleration sensor 21 is in a horizontal state. If it is a horizontal display lamp in this state Will go out, which means it is level. Next, the power supply and output will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. 15. The DC current supplied by the power supply becomes 300 ~ 350Hz through the sending circuit. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese Standard for Household Standards (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 male *) 43662 3 A7 _ B7__ V. Description of the invention) High frequency, and The detection coil 12 supplied to the detection unit ΐχ, b of the acceleration sensor is at a stationary state. Although the detection core 3 installed on the sliding shaft 4 is stationary at the detection coil Π of the central portion, Position, but because the detection iron core 3 is slightly longer than the detection coil 12 in the center, the detection coil 12 is protruded as well as the detection coils 11 and 13 on both sides. Therefore, even in the stationary state, a number of voltages are generated at the detection coils 11 and 13 on both sides. Make the zero adjustment so that the acceleration in this state becomes zero. When the detection core 3 is moved by a car, railcar, or the like, the voltage generated by the detection coils 11 and 13 located on both sides of the detection core 3 is amplified by an amplifier through a rectifier, so that The voltages generated by the detection wires 11 and 13 are sequentially output from each terminal. That is, the detection unit 1x of the acceleration sensor outputs a voltage corresponding to the acceleration in the front-rear direction. The detection unit ly of the acceleration sensor outputs the voltage according to the acceleration in the left-right direction. In addition, the acceleration in the vertical direction can be detected by a detection unit 23 such as a piezoelectric accelerometer. FIG. 16 shows an example of a voltage output state according to acceleration. Adjust the output of the acceleration sensor 21 in a horizontal state to 0V. Then adjust the acceleration sensor 1 to produce a 1G acceleration after the vertical rise, and adjust the output of the detection coil 11 in such a way that the output becomes a certain value. , And adjust the output of the detection line 圏 13 in the reverse situation ° After such an adjustment, the output when the actual acceleration is generated is 'drawn as a graph, then it becomes an approximate straight line as shown in the figure', ie detection The voltage and acceleration generated by the known coils 11 and 13 have a proportional relationship. Therefore, 'acceleration 15 can be measured by measuring the voltage generated by the detection coil 11 '13. This paper size applies the Chinese national standard (CNS > A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). Read first * read back note in A 1 I Binding Printed by Shelley Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed 436623 A7 ____ B7___ V. Description of the invention (丨 10) Degrees. However, depending on the extent of the coils 11 and 13 used for detection, electrical linearity may be necessary. Correction: In order to accurately record the acceleration in the front, rear, and left and right directions of a car or railcar equipped with an acceleration sensor 21, the output of the acceleration sensor 21 is automatically recorded in the data, and the output is A / The D conversion can also be represented in a chart by computer processing in units of 0.2 seconds, for example. Figure II shows an example of this chart. In this way, the relationship between the acceleration state and the deceleration state and the steering wheel operation can be seen at a glance, and can be obtained. Know how the driver is driving. In the embodiment of the invention described above, the acceleration sensor detection unit 1 and the acceleration sensor 21 are mainly described. For vehicles such as cars, rail cars, and general ships, the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle or the acceleration generated during turning is measured. However, the acceleration sensor 21 of the present invention is not limited to measuring the acceleration generated by the vehicle. It can also be applied to seismometers' shocks caused by various accelerations or vibrations caused by elevator accidents, detection of ground sliding, abnormalities caused by construction machinery such as cranes, high-rise building shock absorbers, or various An abnormality generated by a mechanical device is detected by a change in its vibration. [Effects of the Invention] Since the detection unit of the acceleration sensor of the present invention has the above configuration, a car or a railcar is caused by acceleration during walking, or due to The amount of movement of the detection core caused by the impact during the stop is detected by the voltage change generated by the detection coil, so it can continuously detect the change in acceleration. In addition, according to the acceleration to be measured, Will constitute the weight of the damper 16 This paper size is applicable to China A Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 436623 Α7 Β7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs «V. Description of the invention (if) The formation of the hammer and the magnet for attraction should be changed appropriately ', and the magnetic field formed between the hammer and the magnet for attraction should be appropriately combined The intensity changes, so that various accelerations from high acceleration to small acceleration can be measured. In addition, by mounting on a car or rail car, the acceleration generated during driving can be measured. By recording such measurement results That is, the driving state of the driver can be monitored, which can not only effectively prevent the occurrence of an accident, but also can be used to infer the cause when an accident occurs, so the present invention does have a great effect. [Simplified Description of the Drawings] Figure 1 Series A perspective view showing an embodiment of a detection section of the acceleration sensor of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a detection portion of the acceleration sensor. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a detection section of the acceleration sensor. Fig. 4 is a front sectional view showing a weight constituting a damper. Fig. 5 is a sectional front view showing another embodiment of the weight, wherein the weight is formed into an approximately quadrangular column U), and protrusions extending along the axial direction are formed on both sides of the cylindrical weight (b), Form the weight with a plate (c). Fig. 6 is a plan view showing an important part of another embodiment in which the width in the sliding axis direction of the magnet for attraction is shorter than the total length of the weight β. Fig. 7 is a front view showing another embodiment in which the magnet for attraction is stretched inside the magnetic steel frame Sectional view. Fig. 8 is a plan view (a) and a perspective view (b) of an important part of another embodiment in which suction magnets that are shorter than the full length of the weight and magnets that are longer are arranged on both sides of the weight. 17 (锖 Read the note on the back before filling this page) Γ Binding: This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 η 297 mm) Printed by the Industrial Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 43662 3 7 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (/ h Figure 9 is a plan view of an important part of another embodiment in which the width in the sliding axis direction of the magnet for attraction is measured to be longer than the total length of the weight in order to measure small accelerations. Figure 10 Series A perspective view showing another embodiment of a structure in which a pulley is horizontally arranged to support a sliding shaft and a detection coil. FIG. 11 is a side view showing a support structure of a sliding shaft and another embodiment of a detection coil. FIG. 12 is shown in FIG. A perspective view of an important part of another embodiment of the structure in which the shaft insertion portion of the support member is filled with magnetic fluid to pass through the structure supporting the sliding shaft. FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an important part of another embodiment of the supporting structure of the sliding shaft. 14 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the acceleration sensor after the detection unit of the acceleration sensor of the present invention is installed. A block diagram of the electrical flow of the sensor. Figure 16 is a measurement explanatory diagram showing the relationship between acceleration and output when the detection core moves in the detection coil. Figure 17 is a recording chart of the change in acceleration of the input data automatic recorder. Fig. 18 is a plan view showing a detection part of an acceleration sensor constituting a conventional damper. Fig. 19 is a front view showing an approximately cylindrical weight that constitutes a conventional damper. [Symbol] (Please read "Notes on the back" first (F-items are refilled on this page.) Binding · This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 male «) A7 436623 _B7 V. Description of the invention (j) 1 Acceleration sensor detection section 2 miles ® Κ 2a Swelling part of heavy hammer 3 Detection core 4 Sliding shaft 5 Substrate 6 Magnet for suction 7 Damper 11 '12' 13 Detection coil 19 Support member 19b Shaft insertion part 20 Employee of Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Magnetic Fluid Economy The paper size printed by the consumer cooperative is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification < 210 * 297 mm)