TW492995B - Process for preparation of polymeric composition - Google Patents
Process for preparation of polymeric composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW492995B TW492995B TW082104925A TW82104925A TW492995B TW 492995 B TW492995 B TW 492995B TW 082104925 A TW082104925 A TW 082104925A TW 82104925 A TW82104925 A TW 82104925A TW 492995 B TW492995 B TW 492995B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- acid
- group
- matrix
- weight
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UNVGBIALRHLALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Hexanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCCCO UNVGBIALRHLALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WJSATVJYSKVUGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,3,5-triol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(O)CCO WJSATVJYSKVUGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000832 Cutin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- CIBMHJPPKCXONB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-2,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)O CIBMHJPPKCXONB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 5
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXRFEELZASHOLV-KEWYIRBNSA-N [(3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O RXRFEELZASHOLV-KEWYIRBNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 2
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001624 sedative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)CO1 RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NOC(=N1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoxyprop-1-ene Chemical compound C=CCOCC=C ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKKWYENCEXCGLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethylpentane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(O)CO NKKWYENCEXCGLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLQHSBBZNDXTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC1CC(=NO1)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 LLQHSBBZNDXTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
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- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 240000006909 Tilia x europaea Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QCHWBGRKGNYJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene Chemical compound C=C.C=C.C=C QCHWBGRKGNYJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003956 methylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butylhexane Natural products CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019448 polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
492995 A6 B6 五、發明説明(1 ) 發明镅城 本 發 明 是 關 於 一 種 生 物 分 解 性 類 型 之 聚 合 組 成 物 5 包 括 澱 粉 和 合 成 熱 塑 型 聚 合 物 適 用 於 製 造 具 有 滿 的 物 理 和 機 械 性 質 之 生 物 分 解 性 物 品 > 此 偽 藉 由 利 用 應 用 在 合 成 起 始 之 熱 塑 型 物 料 之 習 知 的 技 藝 而 製 得 〇 明 背 景 前 面 所 提 及 之 該 類 型 之 熱 塑 型 聚 合 物 組 成 物 是 熟 知 的 且 可 在 商 業 上 獲 得 9 且 曽 掲 示 於 例 如 在 專 利 請 EP -A - 0 032 80 2、 ΈΡ - A - 0 327 5 0 5、 W0 90/ 1067 1、 EP - A - 0 40 0 53 2、 EP- A - 0 40 4 72 3、 EP - A- 0 40 4 72 7、 EP - A_ 0 404 7 2 8、 W0 91/ 02 0 2 4 . W0 91/ 02 02 5、 和 US 5 ,〇 95 ,〇 54 〇 此 等 組 成 物 可 典 型 地 藉 由 混 合 一 種 澱 粉 組 份 與 —‘ 種 合 成 熱 塑 型 聚 合 物 組 份 9 在 典 型 的 厂 擠 製 一 加 熱 J (” ex t r u S i 〇 π - C 0 ok in g,f )製法之條件下來製得, 亦即在少 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -丨裝· 訂· 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 量水(典型的是5-4 0重量%,以澱粉-水条統為基準)或 塑化劑之存在下,在足夠高的溫度和壓力下以破壞澱粉 之結晶結構且獲得一種熔融之熱塑型塑膠物料。 本發明之目的是提供於前所逑類型之組成物,具有改 良的機械性質,特別是指與習知的塑膠相較之下,即使 在高濕度下,具有較高的剛性和加工性,同時保留或超 越熟知的組成物之生物分解速率。 發明摘要説昍 一 3 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000 492995 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A6 B6 五、發明説明(2 ) 本發明之目的可藉由一種聚合組成物來逹到,此聚合 組成物偽由一種基質包含一種澱粉組份和至少一種含有 镇充劑分散於其中之合成熱塑型聚合物組份所組成。該 聚合組成物之特徽為:基質包括一種流體化劑選自包括 C 12 -C 22脂肪酸、C 12 -C 22脂肪醇、該等脂肪酸之酯類和 醯胺類、聚烯蠟和醛酷醇之聚乙二醇醚或經該脂肪酸酯 化之聚丙三醇及彼等之混合物,而該镇充劑是由一種有 機本質之天然填充劑所組成,其分散於基質之含量,若 以全部組成物之總重量為基準,是從5重量%至70重量%。 發明諾細説明 構成填充劑之物料較佳的是選自木粉、胡桃殼、纖維 素、棉花、黃麻、棕橋樹纖維、米糠、動物剛毛、明角 質和粒狀澱粉和此等之混合物;其中較佳為纖維性物質 。根據所欲應用之機械性質,填充劑之尺寸可在寬廣的 長度内變化。典型的平均尺寸是介於0.5和500徹米,較 佳為介於1 . 5微米和3 0 0徼米;形狀比率,長度/直徑( L / D }通常是介於1和1 0 0之間,較佳為介於2和5 0之間。 槙充劑之濃度範圍較佳的是介於20重量%至50重量% 之間,以組成物之重量為基準。與上逑天然有機填充劑 併用,組成物ft可包括無機填充劑例如滑石酚、雲母、 二氧化鈦、氧化鋁、其濃度較佳為不高於5重量%,填 充劑之表面可經過處理以改善其與基質物料之親和力, 例如藉由鍵聯劑如鈦酸鹽、或鉻酸鹽、或藉由矽烷化作 - 4 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82· 5. 20,000 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁)
492995 A6 ,___B6 _ 五、發明説明(3 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 用。 較佳的基質物料包括澱粉組份和合成熱塑型聚合物組 份,其典型的含量比率是從1 : S到9 . 8 : 0 . 2,較佳為從 1 ·· 4到4 ·· 1,而更佳為從1 · 5 : 1到1 : 1 · 5。 -裝. 所使用之澱粉通常是一種從多種植物萃取出之天然澱 粉,例如玉米、馬鈐薯、樹薯澱粉、和縠類;在此所使 用之術語「澱粉」是包括澱粉黏膠質含量高之澱粉(蠟 狀澱粉)和經過化學性與物理性改質之澱粉,例如其酸 值已被降低至介於3和6之間之澱粉,其與磷酸鹽基結 合之陽離子之類型和濃度已被改質之殿粉,乙氧基化澱 粉、澱粉乙酸酯、陽離子性澱粉、氧化澱粉、和交聯化 澱粉。 關於聚合物組份,可使用於本發明之發明背景中所提 及之專利文獻中所掲示之聚合物。 較佳的合成聚合物組份是選自聚合物和共聚合物及其 混合物: A)聚乙烯醇、聚醋酸乙烯和一種烯烴選自乙烯、丙烯、 異丁烯、和苯乙烯與一種或更多種單體選自丙烯酸、 甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸Ci-C4烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 物 合 C4聚 -共 C1之 烯 乙 酷 基 銃 烯 乙 如 例 烯烯 乙乙 酸、 醋烯 、丙 0 酸 二 烯 丁 順 和 烯 乙 醇 烯 乙 物含 合烯 混乙 其其 及 , 物物 合 合 聚聚 共共 酐醇 酸烯 二乙0 - 烯 丁 η 順乙 -1為 烯物 乙合 、化 烯之 乙佳 酸特 醋而 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000 492995 A6 B6 五、發明説明(4 ) 量為從10重量%至44重量%,此#由相籣的聚乙烯-乙烯乙酸酯水解而製得,其水解度為介於50和100之 間; B)熱塑型聚酯,例如特別是含有2至24個磺原子,較佳 為2至8個碩原子之羥基脂肪族酸之同元聚合物和共 聚合物,衍生自含有二官能羧酸與脂肪族二醇之相關 的内酯或内交酯和聚酯類。 C )多醣類及其衍生物之接枝共聚合物,例如澱粉、纖維 素、改質纖維素、橡膠、海藻酸鹽、果顧、糊精、和 黴請、與單體例如苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙 烯酸酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丁二烯、異戊二烯、丙烯腈; 多醣類之接枝共聚合物是掲逑於高分子科舉與工程百 科全書(John Wiley & Sons, Volume 3,1986)。 特定言之,於B )組中較佳的聚合物和聚合物之混合物 是選自: B1)聚己内酯,ε-己内酯與異氰酸鹽之共聚合物, 例如特別是指4,4夂二苯基甲烷二異氡酸鹽、甲次苯 基雙異氰酸鹽、異彿爾酮二異氡酸鹽、或六次甲基雙 異氰酸酯; 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合竹衽邱榮 B2)乳酸之聚合物或聚乳酸交酯,羥乙酸之聚合物或聚 乙交酯,乳酸與羥乙酸之共聚物; B3)聚羥丁酸酯,聚羥丁酸酯/羥戊酸酯; B4)衍生自二羧酸與脂肪族二醇之聚合物,例如特別是 -6 - 82. 5. 20,000 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 492995 A6 ._B6_ 五、發明説明(5 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 指聚乙烯與聚丁烯己二酸酯或癸二酸酯; B 5 )羥酸類之同元聚合物和共聚物間所形成之嵌段或接 枝共聚合物,特別是指聚s -己内酯,和一種或更多 種的下列組份: i)纖維素或改質纖維素,例如羧基甲基纖雒素和醋酸 纖.素; i i )澱粉顆粒質、澱粉黏膠質、天然或改質澱粉; iii) 一種化合物反應後所獲得之聚合物,該化合物是 選自脂肪族二醇(例如乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、 聚氧乙二醇、聚氣丙二醇、新戊基乙二醇、1,4 -丁 二醇、環己二醇),含有末端二醇基之聚酯類與單 體之預聚合物或聚合物,該單體像選自: -二官能芳香族或脂肪族異氰酸鹽, -二官能芳香族或脂肪族璟氣化物, -二羧酸脂肪族酸(例如丙二酸、琥珀酸、順丁烯二 酸、反丁烯二酸、亞甲基丁二酸、戊二酸、己二酸 二族 辛肪酸 、脂羧 酸璟二 二酸烷 庚羧辛 、二環 酸酸 酸二 癸 和 / 酸二 壬 酸 羧二 烷 己 璟 如 例 二 或 0 酸 或 酸 族 香 芳 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 酯 酸 甲 基 胺 聚 酸 氰 異二 白 獲 }酯 酸酸 甲甲 二基 苯胺 - 麵 鄰胺 如醯 例聚 乙 與 酸 胺 自 獲 ,P 醇1 胺酯 與聚 鹽 , 胺0 聚 酯 聚 醇 胺 與 酸 羧 二 , 自酯 獲二 胺之 醯醇 I二 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000 492995 A6 .___,_B6___ 五、發明説明(6 ) v) 多羥聚合物(例如聚乙烯醇、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚合物 ,全部或部分水解化之此等化合物), vi) 聚乙烯毗咯啶酮,聚乙烯吡咯啶酮-醋酸乙烯共聚 合物和聚乙基B«唑啉, B6)聚酯類傺獲自羥酸類之單髏與提高等级用之鏈延伸 劑例如異氰酸鹽、環氧化物、苯基酯、和脂肪族碩酸 酯; B7)聚酯類傺穫自羥酸類之單體與多官能酸類部分交聯 ,例如三苯六甲酸、1 , 2,4,5 -苯四甲酸、聚異氰酸鹽 、和聚璟氧化物。 更特定言之,聚合物B5-B7與聚合物B1-B4併用是可用 於提供相容性,視需要而定也可與A組之聚合物併用。 在本發明範圍内之基質物料較佳為其熔流速率大於2 克/JLO分鐘,更佳為大於5克/10分鐘,且最佳為大於10 克/10分鐘(此偽藉由在一種毛細管,其直徑為2.1毫米 ,長度為S毫米,在溫度為171TC,負載為5公斤之條 件下所測得),且較佳為其水含量為從2重量%至10重 量% (根據擠製出且不經處理條件之試樣所測得)。 較佳的基質物料之合成組份包括一種或多種的聚合物 選自A組與一 g或多種聚合物選自B組和/或C組如上 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 至 0 化 6 1 1 料 為物 佳質 較基 率之 比明 量發 重本 之為 間 。用 此1適 彼4:份 其至組 而:4_ , 1± I 物為的 合佳佳 混更較 之 ,外 列1另 所6: 8 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000 492995 A6 ._B6___ 五、發明説明(7 ) ,其總用量為介於1至5 0 %,以全部澱粉組份和合成聚 合物組份之總量為基準,而較佳為介於5至25重量%之 間〇關於塑化劑是計劃包括脂肪族多醇及其乙酸酯、乙 氣基化與丙氧基化衍生物,特別是指丙三醇、乙二醇或 丙二醇、伸乙二醇或伸丙二醇、伸乙三醇或伸丙三醇、 聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、1,2_丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-、1,3-, 1,4-丁 二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-、 1,5-己二醇 、1,2,6-、1,3,5 -己三醇、新戊基乙二醇、三羥甲基丙 烷、異戊四醇、葡萄糖醇及其乙酸酯、乙氯基與丙氧基 化衍生物,特別是指乙氧化葡萄糖醇、乙氧化丙三醇、 乙氧化異戊四醇、葡萄糖醇乙酸酯、異戊四醇乙酸酯和 聚乙烯醇;一種不同塑化劑之混合物也可使用。 適用之塑化劑是掲示於國際專利申請PCT/ EP 9 2 / 0 0 3 2 0 ,藉由引述在此併於本發明說明書以供參考。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) -丨裝- 訂· 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 組 脂、特 醇為木 之 硬酸, 二佳、 高 、子類 乙較醇 量 酸芥胺 聚醇糖 含 脂、醯 之二萄 劑 軟酸或io醇乙 « 充 、油類_ 聚自 镇 酸麻酯 Μ 醛該選 於 油Μ或 π 為中為 用 如、類三劑其佳 適 例酸醇或化,較 別 ,油脂、體醇醇 特 酸仁含=:-流油_ 是 脂麻的之甘醛 劑 含亞關,、料聚該 化 括次相單物之而 體 包、,之質化, 流 劑酸酸酸基酯醇 之 C 化油脂脂於酸二 述産體仁含含利脂丙 所生流麻列該有含或 前之等亞所指別與醇 於物此、上是特或二 成 酸與別 醚乙 it 82. 5. 20,000 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 492995 A7 B7 五 I 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印製 修J〇E 補无 、發明説明(9) 醣醇、甘露糖醇,而該聚甘油醇較佳為含有3至1 0個重 視單元,且該含脂酸較佳的是一種C 12 - C 22酸,且是飽 和酸;較佳的化合物特別是包括: -葡萄糖醇乙氧化單-、二-或三-硬脂酸酯(c A S η , 6 8 0 2 5 _ 5 7 - 0 ),特別是指聚(氣-1,2 _乙二醇)、阿伐-氫-咢米克-羥基-_與右旋-糖精醇(3 : 1)、三-(縮)-硬脂酸酯;和 -葡萄糖醇丙氧化單-、二-、或三-硬脂酸酯,其中游離 羥基可全部或部分乙氧基化或丙氧基化。 流體化劑之典型使用量濃度為従0.1重量%至10重量% ,以基質組份之重量為基準。 本發明組成物之製法是在天然瑱料熔融分散前,預先 製備基質物料含有如前所列之流體化劑或流體化劑之混 合物。藉由於本發明說明書發明背景中所提及之專利文 獻中所掲示之習知的製程,可有效地製備基質物料,亦 即在典型的「擠製-加熱」製程之條件下。此製程包括 組份之混合,較佳為在一種加熱之擠製機中或在任何一 種裝置能確保足夠之溫度和剪應力,使得從流變行為觀 點來看,澱粉物料與聚合物組份能夠相容;在水(最多 為4 0% ,以澱粉/水条統為基準)和/或塑化劑之存在 下,在溫度範圍為從8 0 °C至2 1 0 °C。較佳的製備基質物 料的方法包括: -第一階段,組份在一種擠製機中被輸送和/或混合, 為期2至50秒,藉由可用的塑化劑和/或任何存在之 一 1 0 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
492995 A7 B7 五、發明説明(嗲) 水,在溫度範圍介於8 0 °C與1 8 0 °C之間,澱粉組份和 合成聚合物組份會變得潤漲; -一種混合階段,在其中混合物會遭受到相當於聚合物 和澱粉組份之黏度值的剪應力, -視需要而定,一種去氣階段,在沒有壓力或壓力被控 制之條件下,或在抽真空下以獲得一種熔融液,較佳 為在溫度從130 至180 1C且其水含量較佳為少於6% ,以避免在大氣壓力下産生氣泡,例如,在任何時候 不希望在擠製機之出口製得膨脹的産物。 -然後熔融液可直接呈股狀、通心粉狀之形式被擠製出 ,且在後續之階段與所欲之填充劑含量和/或塑化劑 在一種加熱的擠製機中相混合,以獲得一種擠出物呈 顆粒形狀,適用於經由傳統的塑膠材料加工方法來轉 化。 本發明的製程是基質物料之組份與填充劑以二個步驟 熔融混合。該基質物料也可包含少量疏水性聚合物於其 配方中,例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯,縱然如此, 為了維持良好的生物可分解性之特徵,此等聚合物之較 佳的使用量是不大於全部組成物總重量之5重量%。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 該基質物料可進一步包括添加劑例如交聯劑,如醛類 、酮類、和乙二醇、加工佐藥、抗氧化劑、脫模劑、乳 白劑、或穩定劑。 具體實施例 -11- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 492995 A6 _._B6_ 五、發明説明(10) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 窨施例 1 將下列以重量份所表示之組成物進料到一種雙螺旋/ 單螺旋APV/ V30擠製機:
Globe Cerestar(註冊商標)澱粉 40·5份 (固有的水含量為12重量% ) 聚乙烯-乙烯醇(EV0H) ( *〉 30.4 聚乙烯-丙烯醇(ΕΑΑ) ( 4 . 3 芥子醯胺’ 0.25 塑化劑(* * * ) 21.5 流體化劑(**** ) 3.1 (*)聚乙烯-乙烯醇,44 %莫耳濃度乙烯含量, 水解度:99.5%乙酸酯基 (**)聚乙烯-丙烯酸,乙烯20重量% (***)塑化劑之混合物:葡萄糖醇乙酸酯65.5重量%、 水1 4重量%、丙三醇2 0 . 5重量°/。,含有0 . 5 %游離乙 酸 (**㈣)«萄糖醇乙氧化三硬脂酸酯 該擠製機之雙螺旋區,是在加熱溫度分佈為介於60 °C 和1 ? 0 °C之間操作。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 螺旋轉速:每分鐘25G轉;螺旋直徑:3ϋ毫米;長度 /直徑比U/ D) = 10。 該雙螺旋區是賦與一種中間部分,其壓力為fl . 9巴。 單螺旋區是在加熱溫度分佈為介於1 5 0 °C和1 4 0 °C之間 -12- 82. 5. 20,000 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 492995 A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(11 ) 下 操 作 9 螺 旋 轉 速 1 每分鐘 8Q 丨轉 螺 旋直 徑: 3 8毫 米; 長 度 / 直 徑 fcb (L/D)= =16〇 將 所 擠 製 出 含 有 水 含量約 5 . 2重量%之股狀物粒化, 妖 /\\\ 後 進 料 到 一 種 S a n d retto射出成型壓製機以獲得亞鈐 形 試 片 (ASTM 6 3 8 ) > 然後再 測 試 以 決 定彼 等之 機槭 性質 一 性 偽 數 : 1 9 7百萬巴斯卡(Μ P a ) - m 裂 負 荷 : 14 · 4百 萬 巴 斯 卡 (MPa ) - 伸 長 度 : 6 5 6 % - 熔 流 率 (MFR ) : 15克/ 1 0分 鐘 實 例 __2 將 在 實 施 例 1 中 所 製備之 基 質 物 料 使用 於含 有镇 充劑 組 成 物 之 製 造 9 而 根 據本發 明 以 重 量 份來 表示 之配 合如 下 : 基 質 物 料 實 施 例 1 53 填 充 劑 木 粉 c * ) 40 聚 乙 烯 蠟 7 ί * ί;最大粒徑 2 0 0微米 將 如 上 所 列 之 組 成 物進料 到 一 種 雙 螺旋 /單 螺旋 MPC / V30擠製機, 在下列之條件下操作: 雙 螺 旋 製 機 • 長 度 /直徑 fcb (1/ D ) = 1 0 •,直 徑= 10毫 米 螺旋轉 速 = 每 分 鐘2 5 〇轉, 其加熱 溫 度 分佈為 介 於 1 6 0oC 和 1 7 0°C 之間 〇 -13- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000 492995 A6 .__B6__ 五、發明説明(12) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 單螺旋擠製機:直徑=38毫米;長度/直徑比(L / D)= 1 6 ;螺旋轉速=每分鐘5 0轉,其加熱溫 度分佈為介於1 7 0°C和1 6 (TC之間^ 將所擠製出之股狀物粒化後進料到一種射出成型壓製 機以形成亞鈐形試H ( A S T Μ 6 3 8 ),而此等試片是在下列 條件下所獲得: 加熱溫度分佈:1 5 5 / 1 6 0 / 1 6 5 / 1 6 5 eC 壓模機溫度 :1 8 °C 射出成型機溫度:1 6 0 0巴(b a r ) —裝, 射出成型速度:114立方公分/秒 此等試片測試所得之機械性質陳列於表 奮旃例3 重覆實施例1之步驟,使用木纖維作為填充劑,其最 大纖維長度為約3. 5毫米。 機械性質測試所得之結果陳列於表1。 奮施例 4 重覆實施例2之步驟,改變輪廓成型之部分為一種厚 度為5.7毫米之板塊,直接從雙螺旋/單螺旋擠製機擠 製入板塊,然後根據AST Μ 6 3 8測試其機槭性質。 测試所得之機械性質之數值陳列於表1。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000 492995 A6 B6 五、發明説明(13 表 丄 實施例 斷裂負荷(百萬巴斯卡,Μ P a ) 伸長度(% ) 彈性傺數(百萬巴斯卡,MPa) 斷裂能量(kJ/iB 2 ) 奮締例5 - 6 2 3 4 31.6 32.6 15 1 . 4 1 1 4,797 5,455 2,846 1 3.4 3 9 . 5 3 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 重覆實施例2之步驟,使用如下以重量份所表示之配方 實施例 0 實施例 7 '基質物料:實施例 1 ? 〇 60 填充劑:木粉2 5 4 0 聚乙烯蠟 5 - 將獲自射出成型方法之測試片經過伸長能力之試驗, 而所有個例之結果為少於50%。 奮施例7 _ 1 Ί 將實施例1之基質物料更進一步使用於製備配方中包 括一種聚己内酯之聚合物,其配方如下表所示,且 其是在實施例2中所描述之條件下: -裝- 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 15- 82. 5. 20,000 本紙張Α度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 492995 A6 B6 五、發明説明(14) 實 施 例 7 8 9 10 11 基 質 物 料 : 實 施 例 1 70 70 70 65 55 木 粉 2 0 - - 25 25 纖 維 素 ( έ ) 20 - 一 - 棕 櫚 樹 纖 維 (R a f f i a ) - - 2 0 - - P 30 0 1 0 - - - - P 7 6 7 一 10 - - 10 P 787 一 - 10 — - 丙 二 醇 一 - 一 10 10 P 30 〇, P 7 67 y P 78 7 : 聚ε 己 内 酯 (ϋ n i ο η C a r bide) (1 J ) ; 纖 維 素 S ο 1 k a F 1 〇 C B W 3 00 FCC (# ) ; 棕 櫊 樹 纖 維 S a t Γ al it F NT/1 34 -4SG 在 此 所 有 個 別 中 根 據 實 施 例 2 所 獲 得之 亞 鈐 形 試片 都 可 觀 察 到 其 W 性 偽 數 為 於 10 0百萬巴斯卡(Μ P a ) 而其 試 樣 中 之 水 含 量 是 介 於 4 % 和 5 % 之 間 c 根 據 本 發 明 之 組 成 物 可 經 由 習 知 的 用 於塑 m 材 料 之製 造 程 序 5 特 別 是 指 藉 由 擠 製 成 型 和 射 出 成型 以 製 造 賦形 之 物 品 9 例 如 賦 輪 廊 之 部 位 容 器 和 擴展 之 物 品 〇此 等 物 品 也 成 為 在 本 發 明 之 範 圍 内 〇 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 丨裝· 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公釐) 82. 5. 20,000
Claims (1)
- 492995 六、申請專利範® 第8 21 0 4 9 2 5號「製備聚合組成物之方法」專4li案__ _1 六、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種製備聚合組成物之方法,該組成物係包括由含有天然 澱粉、合成熱塑型聚合物成份、塑化劑、及分散於該基質 內之塡料所構成之基質;其中在該基質內之澱粉係經粉碎 的;其特徵在於:此基質係包含選自(:12-(:22脂肪酸、c12-c22脂肪醇、該等脂肪酸之酯類和醯胺類、聚嫌烴鱲和醛 醣醇之聚二醇醚或經該等脂肪酸酯化之聚丙三醇類及彼等 之混合物所組成族群中之一流體化劑,而且在擠壓調理前 之水分含量係小於6% ;而該塡料係包括一種有機本質之 天然塡料,其分散於基質中之含量,當以組成物之全部重 量爲基準時,係爲從5重量%到70重量% ;若該天然塡料 係爲澱粉時則其爲顆粒狀澱粉,而熱塑性聚合物則爲非聚 烯烴臘成分;該方法包括下列步驟: -於加熱擠壓機中,於可破壞澱粉結晶結構之溫度和剪力 之條件下,在塑化劑含量爲基質材料之1到50重量%、 水含量相對於澱粉水系統計係爲至高40%之存在下,而 且在80°C到120°C下,將重量比爲1:4到4:1之天然澱 粉、合成熱塑型聚合物成分,及流體化劑予以熔融混合; -除氣以減低水分含量使低於6重量% ; -擠壓熔融物;並且 -將天然塡料分散於經擠壓之混合物中。 2.如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵爲該塡料是選自包 492995 括木粉、胡桃殼粉、纖維素、棉花、黃麻、棕櫚樹纖維、 米糠、動物剛毛、明角質與粒狀澱粉及彼等之混合物。 3·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該塡充劑是以選自矽 烷、鈦酸鹽、和鍩酸鹽之鍵聯劑來作表面處理。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法,其中該合成 組份包括= 一聚合物選自包括聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、烯烴與一 種或更多種單體之共聚合物、其中烯烴是選自乙烯、丙烯、 異丁烯和苯乙烯、而單體是選自包括丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、 丙烯酸烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、順丁烯二酸、乙烯醇、 和乙酸乙烯酯;含有2至24個碳原子之羥基脂脂族酸之 同元聚合物和共聚合物、其對應之內酯或乳酸交酯;含二 官能之羧酸與脂肪族二醇之聚酯聚合物;多醣類之接枝共 聚合物及其混合物。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該基質係包括一選自 下列之塑化劑··丙三醇、乙烯、乙二醇、丙二醇、伸乙二 醇、伸丙二醇、伸乙三醇、伸丙三醇、聚乙二醇、聚丙二 醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-、1,3-,1,4-丁 二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-、1,5-己二醇、1,2,6-、1,3,5-己三醇、新戊 二醇、三羥甲基丙烷、異戊四醇、葡萄糖醇及彼等之乙酸 酯、乙氧基化與丙氧基化衍生物。 -2-
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| US (1) | US5874486A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0652910B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3549203B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100272484B1 (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE172483T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU675954B2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2141562C (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69321730T2 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK0652910T3 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2124313T3 (zh) |
| IT (1) | IT1256914B (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW492995B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1994003543A1 (zh) |
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| US9259857B2 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2016-02-16 | Gala Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus to condition polymers utilizing multiple processing systems |
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1992
- 1992-08-03 IT ITTO920672A patent/IT1256914B/it active IP Right Grant
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1993
- 1993-06-14 DE DE69321730T patent/DE69321730T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-14 CA CA002141562A patent/CA2141562C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-14 AU AU44186/93A patent/AU675954B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-06-14 KR KR1019950700392A patent/KR100272484B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-14 US US08/362,589 patent/US5874486A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-14 AT AT93914663T patent/ATE172483T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-14 EP EP93914663A patent/EP0652910B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-14 DK DK93914663T patent/DK0652910T3/da active
- 1993-06-14 JP JP50492094A patent/JP3549203B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-14 ES ES93914663T patent/ES2124313T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-14 WO PCT/EP1993/001530 patent/WO1994003543A1/en not_active Ceased
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9259857B2 (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2016-02-16 | Gala Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus to condition polymers utilizing multiple processing systems |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE172483T1 (de) | 1998-11-15 |
| ITTO920672A1 (it) | 1994-02-03 |
| EP0652910A1 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
| KR950702600A (ko) | 1995-07-29 |
| AU4418693A (en) | 1994-03-03 |
| US5874486A (en) | 1999-02-23 |
| ITTO920672A0 (it) | 1992-08-03 |
| AU675954B2 (en) | 1997-02-27 |
| CA2141562A1 (en) | 1994-02-17 |
| EP0652910B1 (en) | 1998-10-21 |
| DE69321730D1 (de) | 1998-11-26 |
| WO1994003543A1 (en) | 1994-02-17 |
| DK0652910T3 (da) | 1999-06-28 |
| CA2141562C (en) | 2004-03-30 |
| JPH07509514A (ja) | 1995-10-19 |
| IT1256914B (it) | 1995-12-27 |
| JP3549203B2 (ja) | 2004-08-04 |
| DE69321730T2 (de) | 1999-05-27 |
| ES2124313T3 (es) | 1999-02-01 |
| KR100272484B1 (ko) | 2000-11-15 |
| HK1013302A1 (zh) | 1999-08-20 |
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