TWI250020B - Neurotoxin implant - Google Patents
Neurotoxin implant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI250020B TWI250020B TW090112093A TW90112093A TWI250020B TW I250020 B TWI250020 B TW I250020B TW 090112093 A TW090112093 A TW 090112093A TW 90112093 A TW90112093 A TW 90112093A TW I250020 B TWI250020 B TW I250020B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- neurotoxin
- botulinum toxin
- toxin
- release
- units
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002581 neurotoxin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- 231100000618 neurotoxin Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 232
- 101710138657 Neurotoxin Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 108030001720 Bontoxilysin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 229940053031 botulinum toxin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 39
- 108010057266 Type A Botulinum Toxins Proteins 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229940094657 botulinum toxin type a Drugs 0.000 claims description 29
- -1 propylene alcohol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 19
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 13
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002638 denervation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 108010074523 rimabotulinumtoxinB Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001713 cholinergic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010029350 Neurotoxicity Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010044221 Toxic encephalopathy Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000228 neurotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007135 neurotoxicity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960005489 paracetamol Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002795 scorpion venom Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 101000740628 Androctonus australis Toxin Aah4 Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 101000874151 Androctonus crassicauda Anti-insect Ac4 Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 101000740636 Centruroides sculpturatus Toxin CsEv4 Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 101000740665 Tityus fasciolatus Alpha-toxin Tf4 Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940006486 zinc cation Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 59
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 20
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 20
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 20
- 229940089093 botox Drugs 0.000 description 19
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 101710117542 Botulinum neurotoxin type A Proteins 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007927 intramuscular injection Substances 0.000 description 14
- 208000003098 Ganglion Cysts Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 208000005400 Synovial Cyst Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 11
- OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylcholine Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229960004373 acetylcholine Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000193155 Clostridium botulinum Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000002858 neurotransmitter agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000004520 agglutination Effects 0.000 description 8
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 108010055044 Tetanus Toxin Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000002820 sympathetic nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002163 immunogen Effects 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000193403 Clostridium Species 0.000 description 5
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 229920000249 biocompatible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001606 poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N (-)-norepinephrine Chemical compound NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 4
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 102100030552 Synaptosomal-associated protein 25 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 210000000663 muscle cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229960002748 norepinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N norepinephrine Natural products NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000001002 parasympathetic nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002797 proteolythic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000002027 skeletal muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940118376 tetanus toxin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101000879393 Aplysia californica Synaptobrevin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 3
- 102000002265 Human Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010000521 Human Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000000854 Human Growth Hormone Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000016285 Movement disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000010428 Muscle Weakness Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010028372 Muscular weakness Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229920002732 Polyanhydride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 206010043376 Tetanus Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108010079650 abobotulinumtoxinA Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003050 axon Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003462 bioceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940098753 dysport Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 210000004709 eyebrow Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000002161 motor neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000000715 neuromuscular junction Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003518 presynaptic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 231100001274 therapeutic index Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)CO1 RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000000844 Cell Surface Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010001857 Cell Surface Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000193171 Clostridium butyricum Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010011878 Deafness Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101710154606 Hemagglutinin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 102000018697 Membrane Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010052285 Membrane Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000019695 Migraine disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000014415 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108050003473 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101710093908 Outer capsid protein VP4 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101710135467 Outer capsid protein sigma-1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000288906 Primates Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101710176177 Protein A56 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 208000004350 Strabismus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000004874 Synaptophysin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090001076 Synaptophysin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010057722 Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001943 adrenal medulla Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N adrenaline Chemical compound CNCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012867 bioactive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100001103 botulinum neurotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013265 extended release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000574 ganglionic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001502 gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000762 glandular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007917 intracranial administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007803 itching Effects 0.000 description 2
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010027599 migraine Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004126 nerve fiber Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000944 nerve tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002232 neuromuscular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001734 parasympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010188 recombinant method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000331 sympathetic ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000946 synaptic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005062 synaptic transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003568 synaptosome Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011287 therapeutic dose Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- ATCJTYORYKLVIA-SRXJVYAUSA-N vamp regimen Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1.C=1N=C2N=C(N)N=C(N)C2=NC=1CN(C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1.O([C@H]1C[C@@](O)(CC=2C(O)=C3C(=O)C=4C=CC=C(C=4C(=O)C3=C(O)C=21)OC)C(=O)CO)[C@H]1C[C@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1.C([C@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C(C45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(=O)OC)N3C=O)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1NC1=CC=CC=C21 ATCJTYORYKLVIA-SRXJVYAUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QDZOEBFLNHCSSF-PFFBOGFISA-N (2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2R)-2-amino-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]hexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-N-[(2R)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2R)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]pentanediamide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)[C@H](N)CCCNC(N)=N)C1=CC=CC=C1 QDZOEBFLNHCSSF-PFFBOGFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPVXHAANQNHFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1COCCO1 VPVXHAANQNHFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTDKZSUYCXHXJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyoxane Chemical compound COC1CCCCO1 XTDKZSUYCXHXJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010077805 Bacterial Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000821466 Buthus occitanus tunetanus Alpha-toxin Bot11 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108090000932 Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100025588 Calcitonin gene-related peptide 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000700199 Cavia porcellus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010009685 Cholinergic Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000193449 Clostridium tetani Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001481833 Coryphaena hippurus Species 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010059378 Endopeptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005593 Endopeptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000004929 Facial Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010063006 Facial spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004095 Hemifacial Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000008100 Human Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091006905 Human Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQFRJNBWHJMXHO-RRKCRQDMSA-N IDUR Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(I)=C1 XQFRJNBWHJMXHO-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000029578 Muscle disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021642 Muscular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010025020 Nerve Growth Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007072 Nerve Growth Factors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000019315 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050006807 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000045595 Phosphoprotein Phosphatases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700019535 Phosphoprotein Phosphatases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010039918 Polylysine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001710 Polyorthoester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100032709 Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010083204 Proton Pumps Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010010469 Qa-SNARE Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010039491 Ricin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000239226 Scorpiones Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102400000096 Substance P Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101800003906 Substance P Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000050389 Syntaxin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108030001722 Tentoxilysin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010044074 Torticollis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000037386 Typhoid Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000036826 VIIth nerve paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101710102828 Vesicle-associated protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000034337 acetylcholine receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036982 action potential Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001919 adrenal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alprazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMPZURBYCNDNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;calcium;phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZMPZURBYCNDNBN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003192 autonomic ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003403 autonomic nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000467 autonomic pathway Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003719 b-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004227 basal ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920013641 bioerodible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013060 biological fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010069022 botulinum toxin type D Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010069038 botulinum toxin type F Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000000133 brain stem Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003943 catecholamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000002866 cervical dystonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002932 cholinergic neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007012 clinical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001447 compensatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003433 contraceptive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002254 contraceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005080 cortical synaptosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002498 deadly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006237 degradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009509 drug development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010013781 dry mouth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012636 effector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028023 exocytosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001723 extracellular space Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960003692 gamma aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000609 ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- DOACSXJVHDTDSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N henicosan-11-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCCCCCC DOACSXJVHDTDSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960004716 idoxuridine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000899 immune system response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036046 immunoreaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000030214 innervation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007913 intrathecal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004153 islets of langerhan Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WDAXFOBOLVPGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C(C)C WDAXFOBOLVPGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHIWKHZACMWKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C(C)C BHIWKHZACMWKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001665 lethal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011866 long-term treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000938 luteal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJBLQGHJOCAOJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N metoclopramide hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl.CCN(CC)CCNC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(N)C=C1OC KJBLQGHJOCAOJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009456 molecular mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000337 motor cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004118 muscle contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001087 myotubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000926 neurological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000018360 neuromuscular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000720 neurosecretory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000189 neurotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002887 neurotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100001223 noncarcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002536 noncholinergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000192 parasympathetic ganglia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000199 parathyroid hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000028591 pheochromocytoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001308 poly(aminoacid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002338 polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000656 polylysine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012667 polymer degradation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005215 presynaptic neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019833 protease Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000654 protein toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000002763 pyramidal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004366 reverse phase liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003248 secreting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002955 secretory cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002460 smooth muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000005070 sphincter Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001032 spinal nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009747 swallowing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000106 sweat gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000225 synapse Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002504 synaptic vesicle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007910 systemic administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001839 systemic circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000057 systemic toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960000814 tetanus toxoid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007888 toxin activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018405 transmission of nerve impulse Effects 0.000 description 1
- AYEJCPCSXVFSFD-UHFFFAOYSA-E trialuminum;triphosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O AYEJCPCSXVFSFD-UHFFFAOYSA-E 0.000 description 1
- 201000008297 typhoid fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001186 vagus nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N zafuleptine Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(C(C)C)NCC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
- A61K9/0024—Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/43—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/46—Hydrolases (3)
- A61K38/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
- A61K38/4886—Metalloendopeptidases (3.4.24), e.g. collagenase
- A61K38/4893—Botulinum neurotoxin (3.4.24.69)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
- A61P21/02—Muscle relaxants, e.g. for tetanus or cramps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Psychology (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
1250020
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 背景 本發明是有關控制釋出之藥物遞送系統。特言之 明疋有關控制釋出之神經毒素遞送系統。 控制釋出系統指可在特定時期中以預 内遞送藥物。一舻而丄 雜山、古t, 义千万、右月丘 夕 I而a,釋出速率由系統設計而決定, 且大多和如pH之環境條件無關。可在數年期間遞送藥物 之控制釋出系統是已知的。相反的’持續釋出系統通常 以24小時以下之時間遞送藥物,且環境因素會影響釋出 速率。因此,藥物自植入的控制釋出系(”植入物”)之釋 出速率是载劑植入物質及藥物本身物化特性之函數關 係 典型而s,植入物係由惰性物質所製成,其少或不 會謗生宿主反應。 控制釋出系統可包括納入載劑中,之具生物活性之藥 物。载劑則可爲聚合物或生物陶瓷材質。控制釋出系統 可注射’嵌入或植入病人身體所選定之處,並駐留長時 間,在此藥物以可提供欲求治療效力之方式及濃度下由 植入物所釋出。 聚合材質可由於擴散,化學反應或溶劑活化作用而釋 出藥物,以及可受磁性,超音波或溫度變化等因素之影 響。擴散可始自貯存槽或基質。化學控制可因聚合物降 解或藥物自聚合物中解離所致。溶劑活化則涉及聚合物 之泡脹或等滲作用。見如Science 249 ; 1527-1533 : 1990 〇 膜或貯存槽式植入物依生物活性劑穿越聚合物膜之擴散 -4 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) ——— 1250020 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2) 而定。基質植入物含有聚合基質,其中生物活性劑係均勻 地分佈其中。泡漲·控制之釋出系統通常以親水性質且呈玻 璃狀聚合物爲基礎,其在生物流體中或在某些環境刺激存 在下會泡漲。 較好,所使用的植入物質是實質上無毒,無致癌性,且 無免疫原性的。適合的植入物材質包括聚合物,如聚(2 -羥 基乙基異丁烯酸酯)(p_HEMA),聚(N·乙烯基吡咯啶酮(p-NVP)+,聚(乙烯醇)(Pva),聚(N·丙烯酸)(PAA),聚二 甲基矽氧烷類(PDMS ),乙烯-醋酸乙缔酯共聚物(eVAc), 聚乙晞峨咯啶酮/異丁烯酸酯共聚物,聚甲基異丁烯酸酯 (PMMA),聚(乳酸)(PLA),聚(乙醇酸)(PGA),聚酐類, 聚(原酸醋),膠原蛋白及纖維質衍生物及生物陶瓷類,如 經嶙灰石(ΗΡΑ),磷酸三鋁(TCP)及磷酸鋁鈣(ALcap)。 乳酸’乙醇酸及膠原蛋白可用來製作具生物可降解性質之 植入物。 含有使治療性藥物可延長遞送之聚合物之控制釋出系統 是已知的。例如,含有非生物可降解聚合物之皮下貯存槽 式植入物,可用來釋放出避孕類固醇,如黃體製劑,劑量 爲25-30毫克/天高達六個月(及N〇rplant®植入物)。另外, 葡聚酷(分子量約2百萬)也可自植入物聚合物中釋出。 植入物材質可以是生物可降解的或生物可侵蝕的。生物 可侵餘的植入物之優點是其勿需自病人中移出。生物可侵 蝕的植入物可以生物活性物質之膜或基質釋出爲據。自 PLA_PGA中製成之生物可降解的微球已知可供皮下=肌内 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
-5- 1250020 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明() 投藥。 可降解之植入物在其控制釋出的整個期間内較好保持其 結構完整性,如此若欲求或在正常要求下移去是可移去 的。若納入之藥下降至治療水平以下後,可生物降解之植 入物可完全降解而不保留任何藥物,其可在更長期間以低 水平釋出。由可降解材料製成之皮下植入物及可注射的微 球,如乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物,聚己内酮及膽固醇,以遞送類 固醇,是已知的。 蛋白質植入物 用於大分子,如蛋白質,之控制釋出系統是已知的。因 此,其中納有高分子量蛋白質之生物可相容的聚合團塊, 已被植入並示出在超過100天之長時期下可使蛋白質連續 地釋出。各種不安定的,高分子量酵素/如驗性磷酸酶,分 子量88 kD,及催化酶,分子量250 kD)已被納入生物相容 之聚合植入物内,並有長期且連續釋出之特性。一般而 言,增加澆鑄溶液中聚合物濃度會降低蛋白質自植入物釋 出之最初速率。Nature 263 ; 797-800 : 1976。 另外,白蛋白可自EVAc植入物中釋出,且聚賴胺酸可自 膠原蛋白爲基礎之微球中釋出。Mallapragada S.K. et al., 在 p431,chp27, Von Recum,A.F. Handbook of Biomaterials Evaluation, second edition, Taylor & Francis ( 1999) 0 另 外,也有人研究破傷風類毒素自微球之釋出,同上,在 432。多孔的EVAc共聚物皮下嵌入也已示出可在長達100 天期間釋放胰島素。同上在433。 -6 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ^ 、 Γ 良 • m in i n -1 n I ·ϋ ϋ ϋ« I 0 ·ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ- n n I 、· 1 n ·ϋ n ·ϋ i·— 1_1 I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明() 再者,已知將蛋白質如人類生長激素(hGH)(分子量約26 kD)包膠至聚合基質内,其當植入時可令人類生長激素於 活體内釋出達約一週。美國專利案No. 5,667,808。 控制釋出系統(即’’植入物ff)使蛋白質之釋放呈現高的最 初爆發,繼之以最低之釋出。不幸地,由於在控制釋出基 質内高濃度的蛋白質使其分子易於凝集且易形成變性的, 具免疫原性的,蛋白質濃縮物。 脈動式釋出植入物 水凝膠已被用來構築單脈衝及多脈衝之藥物遞送植入 物。單脈衝植入物可等滲地控制或溶化地控制。Doelker E., Cellulose Derivatives, Adv Polym. Sci 107 ; 199-265 : 1993。已知某些物質自植入物之多重脈衝可由反應環境變 化而達成,環境變化變數如溫度(Mater Res Soc Symp Proc, 331 ; 211-216 : 1994 ; J. Contr Rel 15 ; 141-152 : 1991), pH 値(Mater Res Soc Symp Proc,33 1 ; 199-204 : 1994), 離子強度(React Polym,25 ; 127-137 : 1995),磁場(J.
Biomed. Mater Res, 21 ; 1367-1373 : 1987)或超音波。 不幸地,由非可生物降解之聚合物所製成之皮下可植入 式藥物團塊,具有需外科植入及移除之缺點。使用生物可 相容且生物可侵蚀之植入物可克服非生物可降解之植入物 之明顯缺點。生物可降解之植入物可以長時間釋出藥物, 並可同時或接續地將聚合物降解在組織内或組份,由是避 免移除植入物的任何需求。如見,Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 24(12) ; 1129·1138 : 1998 0 -7- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ----------I----- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂--------線· l25〇〇2〇 五、 發明說明( 5 可降解的聚合物可以是表面 塊或均質妝的取人μ 1又蝕心聚泛物,和呈現團 々聚$物相反。表面可侵ϋ之聚人你π 表面隆鉉,rxt U又蚀'^灰合物僅自其外 宁 Q此藥物之釋出和聚人物 合的此臂人私 f㈣口物知蝕速率成比例。適 7此灰合物可以是聚酐。 訂 素厭氧肉肉毒梭菌可產生強力”肽神經毒 嶽^素,其可在人類及動物令造成神經麻痺性病 ^冉(馬肉毒毒素病。肉毒梭菌之胞子見於土壤中,並 豕用罐頭工廠之不適當滅菌及熔封之食品容器中生長, 此爲許多肉毒毒素病的病因。肉毒毒素病之作用通常在吃 下受肉毒梭菌培養物或胞子感染之食品後18至36小時後出 現。很顯然地,肉毒毒素可未減毒地通過腸遒内襯,並侵 犯周邊運動神經元。肉毒毒素中毒之症狀,可由難以行 走’吞識及説話發展成呼吸肌肉之麻痒及死亡。 線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A型肉母毒素已知是人類最致命的天然生物作用劑。約 5 〇微微克商品化之A型肉毒毒素(純化之神經毒素複合物) 疋老鼠之LD5〇(即1單位)。1單位的BOTOX®含有約5 0微微 克(約56原子)的A型$毒毒素複合物。令人感興趣的,在 莫耳濃度基礎上,A型肉毒毒素之致命率均爲破傷風的ls 十億倍,爲氰化鈉的約600百萬倍,爲眼鏡蛇毒素的約3 0 百萬倍’及傷寒的約1 2百萬倍。Singh,Critical Aspects of Bacterial Protein Toxins,p63_84 (ch4) of Natural Toxins II, edited by B. R. Singh et al., Plenum Press, New York (1996) (其中所陳述的A型肉毒毒素0.3毫微克LD 5〇相當於1單 -8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 x 297公釐) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1250020 A7 B7 五、發明說明(6 ) 位’是約0.05耄微克BOTOX®相當於1單位之事實之校 正)。1單位(u)的肉毒毒素定義爲於腹膜内注入重各18_ 2 0克之雌的Swiss Webster -老鼠時之LD 5。値)。 已鑑定出七種免疫學上不同的肉毒神經毒素,分別爲 A , B,Ci,D,E,F及G血清型之肉毒神經毒素,其各自 由型特異抗體之中和作用可予以區別。不同的肉毒毒素血 清型因動物種類而異,其可影響所謗生之麻痒現象及其嚴 重度和作用期。例如,已決定知A型肉毒毒素和B型比較 下,以在大鼠身上造成之麻痺速率來測度,前者強5〇〇倍 以上。另外,B型肉毒毒素在48〇單位/公斤之劑量下,於 靈長類中是無毒的,此是A型靈長類中LD5〇之約12倍。很 顯然,肉毒毒素以高親和力結合至膽鹼能運動神經元,其 可轉位至神經元並阻斷乙醯膽驗之釋出。 估不論血清型,毒素中毒之分子機制似乎是相似的,且 至少涉及三個步驟或階段。在第一個步驟中,毒素經由重 鏈,Η鏈,及細胞表面受體間特異的交互作用而可與標的 神經j之突觸前膜結合;受體對各型肉毒毒素及破傷風毒 素而言被視爲是不同的。H鏈之羧基末端片段,Η。,對於 將毒素對準在細胞表面上似乎是重要的。 在第二步驟中,毒素可穿越已中毒細胞之漿膜。毒素先 經由受體-調介之細胞攝粒作用而爲細胞所吸入,再形成含 有母素心内囊胞。毒素再自内囊胞中逃出進入細胞之胞質 内。此步驟被視爲由Η鏈之胺基末端片段,Hn,所調介, 其可因反應pH値約5.5以下而啓動毒素之構型變化。已知 -9 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格⑵G x 297公釐) ---------------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) !25〇〇2〇 A7 _______B7 五、發明説明(7 ) 内囊胞具有質子泵,其可減低内囊胞内之pH値。構型之移 動會曝露出毒素之疏水性殘基’此令毒素本身包埋在内囊 胞膜内。毒素(或最少是輕鏈)再轉位經由内囊胞膜至胞質 内。 肉毒毒素活性機制的最後步驟似乎涉及連接重鏈(Η鏈) 及輕鏈(L鏈)之雙硫鍵之還原。肉毒及破傷風毒素之完整 的毒性是包含在完全毒素之L鏈上,· L鏈是一種鋅(Ζη++)肽 鏈内切酶,其所選擇性解離之蛋白質是具有漿膜之胞質表 面之含神經遞質小囊在確認及停泊上,以及囊與漿膜融合 上所必要之蛋白質。破傷風神經毒素,及Β,d,F及G型 肉毒毒素可造成突觸短素(Synapt〇brevin)(也稱爲與囊有關 之膜蛋白質(VAMP))之降解,其爲一種突觸體膜蛋白質。 出現在突觸囊胞質表面的大多數VAMP,可因這些解離事 件任一者之結果而被移去。A及E血清型可解離SNAP-2 5。 山血清型最早被認爲可解離桑塔素(syntaxin),但發現其 可解離桑%素及SNAP- 25。各毒素可特異地解離不同的鍵 (除了破傷風及B型係解離相同的鍵)。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 肉毒毒素在臨床定位上已被用於治療特徵在於過度活躍 之骨骼肌之神經肌肉失調症上。A型肉毒毒素已爲FDA在 1989許可應用於治療臉痙攣,斜視及半面痙攣。非a型肉 毒毒素血清型和A型比較下,前者顯然有較低之強度及/或 較短的活性期。A型肉毒毒素周邊肌内之臨床作用,通常 可在注射1週内看得到。由於A型肉毒毒素單一劑肌内注射 而獲致之症狀舒緩典型作用期平均約3個月。 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公羡) 1250020 A7 B7 五、發明説明(8 ) 雖然所有的肉毒毒素血清型很明顯的可抑制神經肌肉接 合點處神經遞質乙醯膽鹼之釋出,其係經由影響不同的神 經分泌性蛋白質及/或在不同部位解離這些蛋白質而如此進 行。例如,A及E型肉毒毒素可解離25 kD突觸體相關的蛋 白質(SNAP - 2 5 ),但其係對準此蛋白質内不同的胺基酸序 列。B,D,F及G型肉毒毒素作用在與囊一相關的蛋白質 (VAMP,也稱爲突觸短素),且各血清型解離不同位置之 蛋白質。最後,Ci型肉毒毒素已示出可解離桑塔素及 SNAP - 25。這些在作用機制上之差異可影響各種肉毒毒素 血清型之相對強度及/或作用期。很明顯的,肉毒毒素之受 質可見於各種不同的細胞型式中。見如Biochem,J. 1 ; 339 (pt 1) : 159-65 : 1999,及 Mov Disord,10(3) : 376 : 1995 (胰臟小島B細胞含有至少SNAP - 2 5及突觸短素)。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 肉毒毒素蛋白質分子之分子量,對七種已知之肉毒毒素 血清型而言是約150 kD。令人感興趣的,肉毒毒素係以複 合物型式由梭菌所釋出,其中包括150 kD肉毒毒素蛋白質 分子,加上相關之非毒素蛋白質。因此,A型肉毒毒素複 合物可以900 kD,500 kD及300 kD型式由梭菌產生。B及 Ci型肉毒毒素很明顯的僅以700 kD或500 kD複合物型式產 生。D型肉毒毒素則以300 kD及500 kD複合物型式產生。 最後,E及F型肉毒毒素則僅以約300 kD複合物型式產生。 複合物(即分子量大於約150 kD)咸信含有非毒素血球凝集 素蛋白質,及非毒素及無毒性的非血球凝集素蛋白質。此 二非毒素蛋白質(其加上肉毒毒素分子包括相關的神經毒素 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210 X297公釐) 1250020 A7 B7 五、發明説明(9 ) 複合物)其可對肉毒毒素分子之變性提供穩定性,且當毒素 被攝入時可保護免於消化性酸素之作用。另外,也可能較 大的(大於約150 kD分子量)肉毒毒素複合物將使得肉毒毒 素由肌内注射位置處之擴散速率減緩。 試管内研究已示出,肉毒毒素可抑制由钾陽離子所謗導 的乙醯膽驗及正腎上腺素自腦幹組織及初級細胞培養物中 之釋出。另外有報告指出,肉毒毒素可抑制脊柱神經之初 級培養物中甘胺酸及穀胺醯胺唤起的釋出,且在腦突觸體 製劑中肉毒毒素可抑制神經遞質乙醯膽鹼,多巴胺,正腎 上腺素各自之釋出(Habermann E.,et al_, Tetanus Toxin and Botulinum A 及 C Neurotoxins Inhibit Noradrenaline Release From Cultured Mouse Brain, J. Neurochem 51(2) ; 552-527 : 1998)CGRP,P物質及穀胺醯胺亦然(Sanchez-Prieto, J·,et al·, Botulinum Toxin A Blocks Glutamate Exocytosis From Guinea Pig Cerebral Cortical Synaptosomes, Eur J. Biochem. 165 ; 675-681 : 1987。因此,當使用適度濃度,大多數神 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
經遞質之刺激·謗生之釋出可爲肉毒毒素所阻斷。見Pearce, L. B., Pharmacologic Characterization of Botulinum Toxin For Basic Science and Medicine,Toxicon 35(9) ; 1373-1412 ,在 1393 (1997) ; Bigalke H·,et al·,Botulinum A
Neurotoxin Inhibits Non-Cholinergic Synaptic Transmission in Mouse Spinal Cord Neurons in Culture, Brain Research 360 ; 3 18-324 : 1985 ; Habermann E., Inhibition by Tetanus and Botulinum A Toxin of the Release of [3 H ] Noradrenaline -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1250020 A7 B7 五、發明説明(Λ and [3 H] GABA From Rat Brain Homogenate, Experientia 44 ; 224-226 : 1988,Bigalke H·,et al·,Tetanus Toxin and
Botulinum A Toxin Inhibit Release and Uptake of Various Transmitters, as Studied with Particulate Preparations From Rat Brain and Spinal Cord, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol 316 ; 244-251 : 1981,及;Jankovic J. et al·,
Therapy With Botulinum Toxin,Marcel Dekker,Inc·,(1994), p5 0 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A型肉毒毒素之獲得,可在醱酵槽中確立及培養肉毒梭 菌培養物,再依已知步驟回收及純化已醱酵之混合物。所 有的肉毒毒素血清型最初均以無活性之單鏈蛋白質型式合 成,其必需爲蛋白酶所解離或弄缺口才成爲具神經活性。 可製備A及G血清型之菌株具有内源的蛋白酶,因此A及G 型可主要以其具活性之型式自細菌培養中回收。相反的, Ci,D及E血清型由無蛋白水解之菌株合成,因此通常以 非活化型式自培養物中回收。B及F血清型可由蛋白水解及 非蛋白水解菌株所產生,因此可以活性型式或無活性型式 回收。然而,即使是蛋白水解菌株,所產生之B型肉毒毒 素對所產生之毒素也僅可部份解離。有缺口與無缺口分子 之確實比例依培養之長度及溫度而定。因此,B型肉毒毒 素任何製劑之特定比例似乎是無活性的,可能歸因於已知 和A型比較下,b型肉毒毒素之強度顯然較低些。臨床製劑 中無活性肉毒毒素分子之存在,可造成製劑整體的蛋白質 負單,其和增加之抗原性有關,非歸因於其臨床效力。另 -13- ^紙張尺度適用中國國家系準(CNS ) A4規格(210/297公瘦1 1250020 A7 B7 五、發明説明(11 ) 外,已知B型肉毒毒素一旦肌内注射,具有較短的活性 期,在相同劑量下和A型比較,也不如A型強力。
高品質之晶形A型肉毒毒素可產自肉毒梭菌之Hall A菌 株,特性是23 X 107單位/毫克A26〇/A 2 7 8少於0.60,且在凝 膠電泳上有明顯的帶狀型式。已知的Shantz過程可用來獲 得晶形 A 型肉毒毒素,如 Shantz,E. J.,et al,Properties and Use of Botulinum Toxin and Other Microbial Neurotoxins in Medicine,Microbiol Rev· 56 ; 80-99 : 1992。一般而言,A 型肉毒毒素複合物可由培養A型肉毒梭菌於適合的培養 基,再自厭氧醱酵中分離及純化。一旦分出非毒素蛋白 質,也可使用已知製程獲得純的肉毒毒素,如:純化的A 型肉毒毒素,具約150 kD分子量,及1-2 X 108 LD50單位/ 毫克以上之比強度;純化的B型肉毒毒素,具有約156 kD 分子量,1 - 2 X 1 0 8 LD5G單位/毫克以上之比強度;及經純 化的F型肉毒毒素,約155 kD分子量,1-2 X 107 LD50單位 /毫克以上之比強度。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印裝 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 肉毒毒素及/或肉毒毒素複合物可得自List Biological Laboratories, Inc., Campbell, California ; the Cantre for Applied Microbiology and Research, Porton Down, U.K., Wako (Osaka,Japan),Metabiologics (Madison,Wisconsin)以 及 Sigma Chemicals of St. Louis,Missouri 0 純的肉毒毒素也是不安定的,其通常不用來製備藥學組 成物。再者,肉毒毒素複合物,如A型也極易感受由於表 面變性,熱及鹼性條件下之變性作用。無活性之毒素可形 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 1250020 A7 B7 1? 五、發明説明() 成類毒素蛋白質,其可能具免疫原性。生成之抗體使病人 變得難耐毒素之注射。 至於酵素,大體而言肉毒毒素之生物活性(其是細胞内肽 酶)至少部份是和其三度空間構型有關。因此,A型肉毒毒 素可以加熱,各種化學物質之表面拉引及表面乾燥而予以 解毒。另外,已知將以已知之培養,醱酵及純化而得之毒 素複合物稀釋至藥學組成調和物所使用之十分十分低毒素 濃度時,除非存在有適合的穩定劑,會造成毒素快速的解 毒作用。將毒素由毫克的量稀釋至每毫升毫微克之溶液會 出現難處,因爲在此大量稀釋下會快速流失比毒性。另 外,一旦調和成含毒素之藥學組成物,則毒素可使用數月 或數年之久。顯然的,已知毒素在製造及混合過程,以及 在貯存間可經由穩定劑之使用而穩定之,如白蛋白及明 膠。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 含有商品化肉毒毒素之藥學組成物,以商品名BOTOX® 出售(可購自 Allergan,Inc.,of Irvine,California)。BOTOX® 含有經純化的A型肉毒毒素複合物,白蛋白及氯化鈉包裝 在無菌且眞空-乾燥型式下。A型肉毒毒素由培養在含有N-Z胺及酵母浸膏之培養基之肉毒梭菌Hall菌株培養物所製 成。A型肉毒毒素複合物以一系列酸沉澱法純化自培養溶 液,生成由活性且高分子量毒素蛋白質及相關的血球凝集 素蛋白質組成之晶狀複合物。晶狀複合物再溶解於含有食 鹽水及白蛋白之溶液中,於眞空乾燥前再無菌過濾(0.2微 米)。經眞空-乾燥之產物再貯於-5 Ό以下或冷凍中。 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) 1250020
五、發明說明( 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 BOTOX⑧可以無菌,無保藏劑之食鹽水在肌内注射前重組 〈。BOTOX、小瓶内含有約!⑼單位的由a型肉毒梭菌純 化而^來炙神經毒素複合物,〇5亳克人類血清白蛋白,及 〇’94克氣化鈉,於無菌且無保藏劑之眞空乾燥型式下。 #爲了重組經眞空-乾燥之Β0Τ0χ⑬,可使用無保藏劑之無 菌生理食鹽水(〇 9%注射用氣化鈉),係在適當大小之注射 器中吸取適量之稀釋劑。由於Β〇τ〇χ®可因通入汽泡或類 似的劇烈攪動而變性,通常是將稀釋劑緩緩注入小瓶内。 基於無菌理由,Β0Τ0Χ@較好在自冰箱移出且重組後4小時 内投予。在此4小時内,經重組之Β〇τ〇χ®貯於約2 π至約8 1之冰箱中。經重組,冷藏之Β〇τ〇χ®保育其強度達至少 二週。Neurology 48 ·· 249-53 : 1997 〇 已有報告指出,A型肉毒毒素臨床定位如下: (1) 約75- 125單位的BOTOX®每劑肌内注射(多重肌肉)可 治療頸張力障礙; (2) 5_1〇單位B0T0X@每劑肌内注射可治療眉間紋(眉 溝)(5單位肌内注入突肌,且10單位肌内注入各皺狀上 肌); (3) 約3 0-80單位BOTC〇^可治療便秘,係由括約肌内注 入恥骨肛門肌; (4) 每條肌肉約1-5單位B0T0X@肌内注射以治療瞼麻 痺’係注入上眼險之側險板前輪狀肌及下險之側險板前之 輪狀肌。 (5) 爲治療斜視,眼外肌肉由肌内注入約丨巧單位的 -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) --------訂---------線"1^" (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 125〇〇2〇 A 7 經濟部中央榡準局員工消費合作社印製
^~*——_______ B7 發明説明(14^ 。、X /主射量依欲注射之肌肉大小及欲求之肌肉麻痒 私度而走(即欲求校正之屈光度量)。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ()爲/口療中風後上肢麻痒,可肌内注射Β〇τ〇χ@至五處 不同的上肢屈肌: (a) 屈指深肌:7.5單位至30單位 (b) 屈指淺肌:7.5單位至30單位 (c )尺側屈腕肌〇單位至4 〇單位 (d)橈側屈腕肌:15單位至6〇單位 、(e)肱二頭肌:50單位至200單位。五種肌肉在相同治 療期間時汪射’如此由肌内注射在各治療期間,病人可在 上肢屈肌共接受由90單位至360單位之ΒΟΤΟχ®。 (7)爲治療偏頭痛,25單位BOTOX®顱周注入(對稱地注 入眉間,額及顳肌)已示出對偏頭痛之預防性治療有顯著的 奴處’此係與溶媒比較而言,並由偏頭痛頻率之減少,最 大嚴重度’相關之嘔吐及在投予2 5單位注射的3個月期間 急性藥物使用減少等測知。 已知A型肉毒毒素之效力可長達12個月(Eur〇peaji j
Neurology 6 (Supp 4) : S111-S1150 : 1999),且在某些狀況 下可長達 27 個月(The Laryngoscope 109 : 1344-1346 ·· 1999)。然而,B0T0X®肌内注射的一般注射期約3至4個 A型肉毒毒素成功地治療各種臨床狀況,引發起對其他 肉毒毒素血清型之興趣。因此進行二種商品化A型肉毒毒 ~一繼……丨… -17- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 1250020 五___I_ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 A7 B7 發明説明(15)
Wako Chemicals,Japan)之研究以決定局部肌肉耗弱效力, 安全性及抗原性潛力之研究。將肉毒毒素製劑注入右腓腸 肌頭部(0.5-200.0單位/公斤),再利用老鼠趾外展計分分析 (DAS)評估肌肉之虛弱。ED50値由劑量反應曲線中計算出 來。另外的老鼠給予肌内注射以決定L D 5 〇劑量。以L D 5 〇 / E D 5 〇値算出治療指數。不同的組別,或接受BOTOX®後肢 注射(5·0· 10.0單位/公斤)或B型肉毒毒素(50.0_400.0單位/ 公斤),並測試肌肉虛弱性及增加之水耗量,後者是口乾之 假想模式。抗原性強度由兔子每月肌内注射而評估(1.5或 6.5毫微克/公斤於Β型肉毒毒素,或0.15毫微克/公斤於 BOTOX®)。所有血清型,其肌肉虛弱之高峰及作用期均和 劑量有關。DAS ED5〇値(單位/公斤)如下:BOTOX® : 6.7, Dysport® : 24.7,B 型肉毒毒素:27.0-244.0,F 型:4.3。 BOTOX®有較B或F型更長之作用期。治療指數値如下: BOTOX® : 10.5,Dysport® : 6.3。B 型肉毒毒素:3.2,注 入B型之耗水量大於BOTOX®,然而在肌肉虛弱效力上B型 效率較低些。4個月注射後,4隻中2隻(以1.5毫微克/公斤 處理組)及4隻中4隻(以6.5毫微克/公斤處理組)兔子會發展 出抗B型肉毒毒素之抗體。在另一研究中,以BOTOX®處理 之兔子中9隻無一隻會生成抗A型之抗體。DAS結果顯示A 型之強度峰相當於F型,且F型又大於B型。關於作用期, A型肉毒毒素大於B型,B型作用期大於F型。如治療指數 値所示,二個商品化之A型肉毒毒素製劑(BOTOX®及 Dysport®)是不同的。後肢注入B型肉毒毒素後觀察到之耗 -18- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制衣 五、發明說明() 水行爲增加顯示,此血清型有相當大量在臨床上會進入鼠 之全身循環。結果也顯示,爲了達到比得上A型之效率, 必須增加其他受檢血清型之劑量。增加之劑量包括安全 性。再者,在兔子中,B型之抗原性甚於BOTOX®,可能是 因爲爲了達成B型之有效劑量,而有較高之蛋白質負擔所 S文。Eur J Neurol 1999 Nov ; 6 (Suppl 4) : S3-S10 〇 除了在周邊有藥理作用外,肉毒毒素在中樞神經系也會 呈現失神經作用。Wiegand et al,Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch. Pharmacol. 1976 ; 292,161_165 及 Habermann,
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg?s Arch. Pharmacol. 1974 ; 281,47-56 報告,肉毒毒素也可經逆行運送上昇至脊柱區域。如此, 如在周邊部位肌内注入肉毒毒素,有可能可逆行運送至脊 柱。 美國專利案No. 5,989,545揭示一種經修飾之梭菌神經毒 素或其片段,較好是肉毒毒素,化學共軛或重組地稠合至 特殊標的部份,由投予至脊柱可用來治療疼痛。 乙醯膽鹼 通常在哺乳動物神,系統中,各神經元型式僅釋出單一 型式之小分子神經遞質。神經遞質乙醯膽鹼由腦中許多區 域之神經元所分泌,但通常是運動皮質大的錐體細胞,基 礎神經節中許多不同的神經元,神經支配至骨骼肌之運動 神經元,自主神經系之神經節前神經元(交感及副交感均 有),副交感神經系之神經節後神經元,交感神經系中某些 神經節後神經元等。基本上,僅有至汗腺,豎毛肌及一些 -19- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) — — — — —------樣—— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) —訂---------線- 1250020 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 17 --' 五、發明說明() 血管之神經節後交感神經纖維是膽鹼能的,因爲交感神經 系大多數的神經節後神經元分泌的神經遞質是正腎上腺 素。在大多數例子中,乙醯膽鹼具興奮作用。然而,已知 乙醯膽鹼在某些周邊副交感神經末端具有抑制作用,如由 迷走神經對心跳速率之抑制。 自主神經系之傳出訊號係經由交感神經系或副交感神經 系轉送至身體。交感神經系之神經節前神經元,由位在脊 柱中間及外侧角之神經節前交感神經元細胞體延伸。神經 卽削文感神經纖維,由細胞體延伸,與位於脊柱側交感神 經神經節或在脊柱前神經節之神經節後神經元胞突接合。 由於交感及副交感神經系之神經節前神經元是膽鹼能的, 在神經節上應用乙醯膽驗可刺激交感及副交感神經節後神 經元。 乙酸膽驗可活化二型受體,蕈毒鹼及菸鹼受體。蕈毒鹼 受體見於由神經節後交感神經系神經元所刺激的所有效應 物細胞中’以及由交感神經系之神經節後膽鹼能神經元所 刺激者。於驗受體見於腎上腺髓質,以及在自主神經節 内’其係在神經節後彳中經元之細胞表面上,在交感及副交 感神經系之神經節前及神經節後神經元之胞突上。菸鹼受 體也見於許多非自主神經末端,如在神經肌肉接合處之骨 骼肌肉纖維膜上。 當小的’澄清的細胞内小囊與突觸前神經元細胞膜稠合 下’乙醯膽驗可自膽驗能神經元中釋出。各種的非-神經元 分泌細胞’如腎上腺髓質(以及PC 12細胞株)及胰臟蘭氏小 -20- 本紙張尺度適用中_家標準(CNS)A4規格(21ϋ x 297公髮) -------------—------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注音?事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 18 五、發明說明() 島細胞’可自大的,稠密核心囊中分別釋出兒茶酚胺及副 甲狀腺激素。p c 1 2細胞爲大鼠嗜鉻細胞瘤細胞之純系,被 充份用於研究交感腎上腺發展之組織培養模式。肉毒毒素 可於試管内抑制二種化合物自二種細胞型式中之釋出,經 由穿透(如以電泳脈動)或將毒素直接注入失去神經之細胞 内。也已知肉毒毒素可阻斷神經遞質穀胺醯胺自皮質突觸 體細胞培養之釋出。 骨骼肌中神經肌肉接合之形成是將軸突與肌肉細胞趨 近。訊號經由神經系統傳送,可在末端軸突造成作用電 勢’離子道之活化及使神經遞質自神經元内突觸囊中釋 出,例如在神經肌肉接合之運動終板處。乙醯膽鹼穿越細 胞外S間與在肌肉終板表面之乙醯膽鹼受體蛋白質結合。 一旦發生充份的結合,肌肉細胞之作用電勢可造成特異的 膜離子道變化,造成肌肉細胞之收縮。乙醯膽鹼再自肌肉 細胞中釋出,並由細胞外空間之乙醯膽鹼所代謝。代謝物 再循彡衣回到末端轴突’以再處理成進一步的乙酿膽驗。 因此’需要有一種具生物相容性,無免疫原性,非生物 可降解之植入物,其,將治療上有效之神經毒素長期不斷 地釋出之人體内。 發明要點 本發明符合此需求,且提出一種具生物相容性,無免疫 原性,非生物可降解之植入物,其可令神經毒素可長期, 不斷地釋放至人體内。 吾等發現提出一種神經毒素植入物,其克服與重覆快速 -21 _ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) --------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 125〇〇2〇
發明說明( 或皮下注射神經毒素有關之已知問題,困難及缺失, '肉毒毒素,可治療苦痛如移動失調症,包括肌肉痙攣。 C括在:發明範園内之控制釋出系統包括一種聚合基 、士_及疋里位於聚合基質内之神經毒素,其巾分次量之 ?經毒素可在長時期間自聚合基質·中釋出。 申、工母素可g #實質上連續或單相方式自聚合基質中 出,且神經毒素自聚合基質釋出之長時期可由ι〇天至約 6年之久。 聚合基質可由實質上非生物可降解之物質所製成,且神 經毒素可以是—種多肽。料,神經毒素可以是突觸前神 經毒素’如梭菌神經毒素。再者,神經毒素可以是肉毒毒 素,如選自下列包括Α,Τ5 Ρ ^ ^ <㈡「/j匕從八,;6,(:1,;〇,£;,17及〇型肉毒毒 素。以A型爲較佳。 聚合基質中所包括之聚合物可選自下列包括:異丁晞酸 醋Lb各淀酮’乙缔醇’丙缔酸,聚參氧燒類,醋酸 乙烯酉曰,乳酸,乙醇酸,膠原蛋白,及生物陶瓷聚合物及 其共聚物。 由植入物可单握之仲經毒素劑量在約1單位及約, 〇〇〇 單位肉毒毒素之間,且較好是由約1至約5〇,0〇〇單位的肉毒 毒素。因此神經毒素之劑量,於A型肉毒毒素時可在由約 1 0單位及約2,000單位之間,於B型時則在約1〇〇單位及约 30,000單位之間。 神經毒素可以是肉毒毒素,其自植入物中釋出之量足以 有效造成鄰近植入系四周,或在該處之肌肉或肌肉群之較 -22 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -------------¾ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂--------線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1250020 A7 ----------Β7_____ 五、發明說明(20 ) 弱的肌肉麻痺。 本發明詳細之具體實例可以是一種控制釋出系統,其中 含有聚合基質,及约10單位及約2〇〇〇〇單位間之肉毒毒素 在聚合基質内,其中分次量之肉毒毒素以由約2個月至約5 年之長時間自聚合基質中釋出。· 製備本發明範園内之控制釋出系統之方法有以下步驟·· U)將聚合物溶於溶劑中以形成聚合物溶液;將神經毒 2混合或分散在聚合物溶液中,以形成聚合物_神經毒素混 合物’及;(C)令聚合物_神經毒素混合物沉降。由是製成 控制釋出系統。在混合步驟後也可有蒸發溶劑之步驟。 另外,本發明範圍内連續釋出系統之用法包括注射或植 入控制釋出系,其中包括有聚合基質,由是可治療移動失 调症或由於膽鹼能失神經作用所影響之失調症。 最後,形成金屬陽離子_複合之神經毒素之方法包括··(a) 形成t有神經毒素之溶液;(b)分散多價金屬陽離子組份與 神經毒素溶液,在適合多價金屬陽離子及神經毒素複合之 pH値條件下,由是形成金屬陽離子_複合的神經毒素懸浮 液,其中金屬陽離子蜱份與神經毒素之莫耳濃度比例在約 4 ·· 1至約1〇〇 ·_ ;1間,及((〇乾燥該懸浮液以形成金屬陽離 子-複合的神經毒素。 以本發明範圍内之連續釋出系統,在特定期間可投予之 神經毒素劑量可在約10-3單位/公斤及約35單位/公斤於A 型肉母母素,及高達約2〇〇單位/公斤於b型等。35單位/公 斤或200單位/公斤是上限,因爲此接近某些神經毒素之致 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) --------^---------^ i^w— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1250020
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 死劑量,如分別是A型及B型。較好,在特定期間内由連續 釋出系統所投予之神經毒素劑量是約1〇.2單位/公斤及β Μ位/公斤之間。又㈣’所投予之神經毒素劑量是= 單位/公斤及約15單位/公斤之間。又最好,投予之神 經毒素在約i單位/公斤及約10單位/公斤之間。在許多你 子中,投予約4位至約500單位神經毒素,如A型,可揭 供有效且長期的治療舒缓。較好,可使用由約5單位至 300單位的神經毒素,如a型,且更好是由約1()單位至約 200單位,可局部投予至標的组織,而有有效的結果。在 本發明特佳之具體實例中,由約1單位至約1〇〇單位之肉毒 毒素’如A型,可局部投予至標的組織,並有治療上有效 之結果。 神經毒素可由梭菌製成,如經由肉毒梭菌,丁酸梭菌, 貝拉弟梭菌(C· Beratti)或破傷風梭菌。另外,神經毒素可 以是經修飾的神經毒素,即其胺基酸至少一個可被刪除, 修飾或取代,和天然的或野生型神經毒素比較而言。再 者,神經毒素可以是重組產製之神經毒素或其衍生物或片 段。 — 神經毒素可以是肉毒毒素,如 血清型之一。較好是Α型。 顯然’肉毒毒素可經由安置肉毒毒素植入物而經由皮下 植入方式投予。肉毒毒素投予至肌肉之量在約丨單位及約 10,000單位之間。當投予的是A型時,劑量爲約1單位及乾 100單位之間。 -24- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) --------1---------^. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 A7 B7 ^___ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制农 22 發明說明() 値得注意,有報告指出以肉毒毒素處理腺體組織,可顯 不注射後所減低之分泌活性可長達2 7個月。Laryngoscope 1999 ; 1〇9 : 1344-1346,Laryngoscope 1998 ; 108 : 381- 384 〇 吾等的發明是有關植入物以控制神經毒素之釋出,以及 此植入物之製法及用法。植入物包括含有神經毒素之聚合 物基質。植入物之設計是在投予後,如肌内,硬膜外或皮 下投予以治療各種疾病狀況,神經毒素可以有效水平長期 投予。 本發明進一步是有關組成物,及其製法及用法,用於控 制具生物活性且穩定之神經毒素。本發明之控制釋出组成 物可包括生物相容的聚合物基質及分散在其内之具生物活 性且穩定的神經毒素。 定義 以下定義應用於此。 生物相谷的”表示使用植入物在植入位置幾乎無發炎反 應。 生物上具活性的化合物”表示化合物在所投予之個體中 可達成有益變化。 ”有效劑量”如應用至生物活性化合物表示大體上足以達 成個體中欲求變化之化合物劑量。例如,當欲求作用是虚 弱的肌肉麻痺時,有效劑量是可造成欲求肌肉至少實質上 麻痺但相鄰肌肉不致有實質麻痒,且麻痺在此肌肉是非欲 求的’但不致造成顯著的全身毒性反應之劑量。 -25- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) !.!1·------ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂--------線· 1250020 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(23) 有效劑量”應用至非活性組份(如用來形成基質之聚合物 或塗佈組成物)指足以正面影響生物活性作用物以欲求速率 在欲求時間内釋出之非活性組份之劑量。例如,當欲求作 用是利用單一植入物使肌肉麻痺,則”有效劑量,,指有助使 釋出期介於約6 0天及6年間之劑量。此”有效劑量,,可依本 説明書及技藝中一般常識爲基礎而決定之。 ”有效劑量”當應用至植入物表面積之劑量,是足以達成 生物活性化合物流動之植入物表面積劑量,如此可達成欲 求作用,如肌肉麻痺。所必要之面積可由直接偵測以特殊 活性化合物可彳于之釋出而予以決定及調整。植入物或其塗 層之表面積是欲完全包膠生物活性化合物所必要之膜量。 表面積依植入物之幾何學而定。較好,儘可能將表面積減 至取小’以減小植入物尺寸。 π植入物π表示控制釋出之藥物遞送系統。植入物含有生 物活性聚合物或陶瓷物質,其含有或可作爲具生物活性之 分子之障壁。植入物可注射,嵌入或植入人體内。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ”局邵投予”表示生物活性化合物之直接投予,如治療性 藥物經由非全身性路徑投予至組織。因此局部投予包括: 皮下,肌内,脊柱内(及鞘内及硬膜外),顱内,及腺體内 投藥。局部投藥排除全身路徑,如口服或靜脈内投藥。 ”神經毒素”表示作用物其可干擾神經衝動穿越神經肌肉 或神經腺體接合處之傳送,阻斷或減少神經遞質之神經元 分泌作用,或可改變神經元鈉道電壓窄門之作用電勢。神 經毒素之實例包括肉毒毒素,破傷風毒素,蛤蚌毒素及河 -26 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) 24 1250020 五、發明説明( 豚毒素。 "治療"表示哺乳動物中疾病的任何處理法,且 避免疾病再發生,或(ii)抑制疾病,即遏止並發展· u) 舒缓疾病,即減少疾病症狀之發生或造成消退。Λ 5 (11〇 製備本發明範園内之植入物,以控制神經毒素釋 法包括,將具生物相容性之聚合物溶解在聚合物溶劑=万 以形成聚合物溶液,分散生物活性且穩定的神經二 於聚合物溶液中,再固化聚合物以形成含有神素= 之分散相之聚合基質。 京心子 利用本發明範園内之植入物之方法,以形成控 :經毒素:方法包括經在病人體内植入植入物,可長時J 在病人中提供生物活性神經毒素治療上有效之水平。、β 説明 本發明以下列發現爲基礎77有生物相容的, 降解的或生物可降解的聚合物之連續釋出型植人物,可Ζ 現神經毒素治療劑量於活體内長期之釋出。 主 ::明範圍内之植入物可以外科方式嵌入,經由 =切開(即以減少肌肉之瘦攣),或植入物可利用中空 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 内投予’如美國專利ν〇 4,474,572所 揭-疋』式。針頭之直徑可調整以相當於所使用植入物之 :寸。再者,在本發明範圍内之植入物可採顱内植入方 式,以便神經毒素之治療劑量在標的腦组 =旦植入物已耗盡,則勿需移出本發明之非 解(植入物,因爲植入物是由生物上相容且無免疫原性之 27- 本紙張尺度適财國國家標準(⑽)Α4規格(21Qx297公缝) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ^25〇〇2q r-—_J:_ 五、發明說明(25) -— 才才質所組成的。 爲了%、疋神經毒素,不論是使神經毒素可與適合的聚合 昆合形成植入物基質之型式(即粉末狀之神經毒素,並已 東乾燥),以及神經毒素存在於或納人所選用聚合物之基 :内’均可使用各種的藥學賦形劑。適合的賦形劑包括: ,粉,纖維素,滑石,葡萄糖,乳糖1糖,明膠,麥 米,麵粉’白要’砂膠,硬脂酸鎂,硬脂酸納,甘油 早硬脂酸酯,氣化鈉及乾之脱脂牛奶。 植入物之厚度可用來控制水之吸收,及因此可控制神哩 毒素自組成物中之釋出速率,而較厚之植人物以較緩 率釋出多肽。 植入物在第一期可快速地釋出次於最大之神經毒素量, 即爆發期。爆發期通常持續不到24小時,且經常延長達植 入後1小時左右。之後由植入物釋出之神經毒素量快速下 降,並以較減少且顯然相當固定(即零級動力學)之釋放水 平穩定地釋出神經毒素。此第二之延長釋出期可延伸約工 年至、,々5或6年之久。第二期之最初部份可稱之爲補足期。 在爆發期及補足期巧,神經毒素釋放之加成劑量較好相 當於神經毒素之最佳量,如此可治療特殊之失調症或侵 害。補足期之暫時程度通常較整時期爲差,在此期終了神 經毒素之最佳投予顯示出顯著較差之效力。例如,於治療 上肢痙攣時,A型肉毒毒素肌内之最佳劑量可爲約9 〇單位 注入肱二頭肌内。典型而言,以快速濃注在丨_7天内如此 謗生之較弱麻痺,可在約3個月後實質地消耗。本發明範 -28- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) --------^---------線 i^w. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 A7 ^---------B7___ 五、發明說明(26 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圍内之皮下神經毒素植入物,可予以構型以在植入後立即 可釋出約6 0單位的肉毒毒素(即在爆發期)。此次於最佳之 神經毒素劑量可提供快速且實質的舒緩。在第2期中,植 入物可每天連續釋出約〇·4單位的神經毒素,如A型,如此 在約7 5天後,9 0單位之最佳劑量可由植入物釋出至標的組 織。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 可供肉母母素呈現南且特異親和力之突觸前神經元受 體,尚未被鑑知。對於所評估之肉毒毒素長的神經元内半 衰期也無可接受之機制可知。然而,已知一種動態過程, 其可能由未阻斷,再出現,再合成及/或肉毒毒素受體之再 活化,或出現新的神經萌生,或二者,使發生及造成麻痺 作用之逐漸消耗,而此始自肉毒毒素之投予。因此,在上 實例中可花75天使最佳量(共9〇單位)的肉毒毒素爲植入物 所釋出,此是因肉毒毒素作用減弱之動力學本質之故,接 下來毒素之釋出(即超過75天)不會造成非欲.求或過度區域 之麻痺。因此可預期在此實例中,在第76天由植入物所釋 出之毒素將可與因第1天左右植入物所釋出之毒素造成失 神經作用而形成之新孝體及/或形成之神經芽結合。此失神 經過程之滚動本質表示’並非造成過量毒素,其可全身擴 散或造成非欲求之麻痒’在補足期末了後連續釋出之毒 素,單純地在相同欲求之肌肉處再次失神經化之而已。因 此,假設失神經作用是球體型式並使其他因素保持固定, 爆發之釋出所失神經之組織球體直徑約爲欲失神經化組織 團塊最佳尺寸之約2/3。在補足期及接下來釋出之神經毒 •29- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1250020 A7 B7 五、發明説明(27) 素’可提供最適宜的或欲求的組織失神經化程度,且提供 的神、纟二母素量在標的組織内近來再有神經分配之位置上可 重新失神經化之。 已知險痙攣可由肌内注射約5單位(在2 _ 4個月間隔下重 覆之)的A型肉毒毒素至側瞼板前輪形肌而治療之。顯然, 本發明範園内之單一植入物可用來治療瞼痙攣,歷約1年 期。針對神經毒素植入物釋出治療,在此痛苦以及所選擇 < 一年期下,並使用1 5 %爆發特性聚合物,在植入物内填 加之神經毒素總量可爲2 〇單位。在爆發期間先釋出3單位 的毒素(在植入後24小時内),繼之每天連續釋出約〇 〇467 單位(即每天釋出約2 3微微克的Βοτοχ®)。因此,於4 2天 中,約5單位之總神經毒素經釋出,在此實例中釋出率 (15%爆發,其餘85%歷364天)是0.234%/天。在此實例 中,於第1天病人接受20單位的植入物且1年後病人移出耗 盡的植入物,再嵌入另20單位的植入物。因此,365天投 予25單位,包括在第365天的第二劑植入物之作用。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 Φ II (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 由於1莫耳A型肉毒毒素複合物含有約9χΐ〇5克,因此1 微微克的A型肉毒毒素複合物是約1 1 X 1 〇 _ 18 μ。因此,總 納入神經毒素每天約0.234%之欲求釋出,相當於每天約 2·53 X 10 18Μ之釋出。在一年的治療期,2〇0/〇爆發,繼以 80%歷364天,可造成約〇·22% /天或0.044單位/天或2.2微 微克/天或約2·42 X 1〇-18Μ/天之控制釋出。自2〇單位之 2 0 %爆發可在植入後前2 4小時提供4單位的神經毒素。一 般而言,植入物之表面積,對各y公分2植入物表面積而 -30- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Μ規格(210X 297公釐) 1250020 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明(28) 言,相當於X單位釋出毒素/天。 不同的狀況以每劑由約5單位至约100單位之肉毒毒素注 射治療。在以A型25單位爲最佳快速濃注劑量,且歷一年 期之條件下’典型之植入物可填加以1〇〇單位的A型肉毒毒 素複合物。爆發可爲2 〇 %繼以g 〇 〇/。364天,此相當於 0.22% /天或0.22單位/天或丨丨微微克/天或約121 X 1 〇 -1 /天。 對五年治療斯中,即2〇劑25單位快速濃注,第一次注射 是在零時’而第20次注射在第57個月,共500單位之注射 總量。相反的’在吾等之發明中,對可反應2 5單位肉毒毒 素之狀況所採用5年植入物,如a型肉毒毒素,可採用填有 500毒素單位之植入物,其特色爲2 〇單位之爆發(4 %爆 發),繼以約480單位在1736天内釋出,此相當於植入物 0.267單位/天或5·56Χ ΙΟ·4。/。/天或13 35微微克/天之釋出。 基質植入物之製備係將所選定之聚合物溶於適合的溶劑 中。在此澆鑄溶液中,混合以欲求量之冷凍乾燥且成粉末 之神經毒素(即神經毒素總欲求量,如非可重組之 BOTOX® ’在治療期叼釋出)。此方法可用來製成有塗佈之 植入物團塊’其中的修飾在於用於本發明具體實例中之塗 料是生物可侵蚀之聚合物,其係神經毒素不可穿透的。因 此,除非塗料降解,否則神經毒素不會擴散出基質進入周 邊組織。 其中欲混合以肉毒毒素之澆鑄或其他溶液之pH値維持在 pH 4.2-6.8下’因爲在pH 7以上時,已穩定之非毒素蛋白 -31 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) --------訂---------線 i^w. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 五 、發明說明(29 貝曰自肉毒毒素中解離,造成毒素逐漸喪失。較好pH値維 持在約5 - 6之間。再者,混合物/溶液之溫度應不超過約3 5 ^ ’因爲當溶液/混合物超過4 0 °C時毒素易解毒。 在本發明範圍内適合的植入物,於活體内控制神經毒素 =釋出,如肉毒毒素,可予以設計製備以使神經毒素以連 績的或脈衝方式釋出。”連續釋出,,表示在最初爆發期之 =,j實質上單相方式釋出。連續釋出可有一個屈折點, 但非高原期。連續釋出勿需每單位時間以類似劑量自植入 中釋出。脈衝式釋出之植入物,可以二相或多相方式釋 、神、%母素。因此,脈衝式釋出之植入物可有相當短之最 、秀導(爆發)期,之後期間少或無神經毒素被釋出。 具生物活性之神經毒素之控制釋出,是使具生物活性之 神經毒素錄直接投予神經毒素水溶液所得之更長時期 7,以治療有效(加上幾乎可乎略之血清水平)水平釋出 較好控制釋出是指約6個月以上,且較好約一年以上時 内神經毒素之釋出。 触:本發明範園内4適合的植入物,於控制神經毒素之他 :::出,如肉毒毒,’可呈現神經毒素之連續釋出或脈 降二:_。另夕卜’植入物可含有非可生物降解的或可生物 非可物質、。顯著地,吾等的發明包括:⑴連續釋出 主n經毒素植人物;(2)連續釋出可生物降解 名母素植人物;(3)脈衝賴出非生物可降解之神經 =入^及⑷脈衝式釋出可生物降解之植人物,且此四 …植入物,各自可調和成各樣的構型,適合皮下注射 訂 間 活 毒 線 本紙張尺度適財關家鮮 32- 30 v 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 1250020 發明説明( 或植入,如團塊’小盤狀,微球,薄膜,柱狀及管 自可有-層以上的塗料㈣存槽或基質結構上。 在本發明範圍内之植入物,也可調和成供注射用之縣 劑。此懸液劑可以藥學技藝中已知之—般技術製造,= :内交醋/多肽混合物於超速離心粉碎機中粉碎,機器中: 有通合的師網,如120號孔篩,再將已磨碎過 浮在注射用溶财m料當地加人傳統的黏= :強劑或助懸劑,油類’或其他已知適合的注射用液態: 經包膠之神經毒素,在3rc體溫及長時間下之變性作 用,可因以下方式穩定而減少:以白蛋白冷束乾燥之 酸性溶液中料乾燥,自低濕度含量溶液中冷純 使用非可重組之B0T0X⑧,此三準則可符合A型肉(毒: 素),以及使用特異的聚合物基質組成物。 主較好,具生物活性之神經毒素於活體内之釋出,在神經 毒素之釋出期間應不致造成顯著的免疫系統反應。 基質穩定的神經毒素 吾等發現,經穩定的神經毒素可包括具生物活性,非可 聚集的神經毒素,其並與至少一型電價+2或以上的多價金 屬陽離子複合。 、 適泛的夕^貝金屬陽離子包括含於生物可相容之金屬陽離 子組份之金屬陽離子。若陽離子組份對受者而言是無毒 的,則金屬陽離子組份是生物可相容的(此指在所使用之劑 量下),且對受者之身體無顯著的有害或不佳作用,如 ----------- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 、^1 -33- 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 1250020 A7 _____ B7 五、發明説明(31 ) 射位置之免疫反應。 較好,金屬陽離子組份與神經毒素之比例,其中金屬陽 離子係用來穩定神經毒素,介於约4 : 1至約1 〇〇 ·· i之間, 較好約4 : 1至約10 : i。 用來穩定神經毒素之較佳的金屬陽離子是Zn+ +。以二價 辞陽離子爲較佳,因爲已知肉毒毒素是二價鋅之肽内酶。 在較佳具體實例中,金屬陽離子組份(含有Zn+ +陽離子)與 神經毒素之莫耳濃度比例是約6 : 1。 穩足神經毒素之金屬陽離子,其適用性可由精藝者進行 各種穩定顯示技術而決定,如:聚丙烯醯胺凝膠電泳,等 電焦距,逆相層析,HPLC,及在含有金屬陽離子之神經毒 素冷凍乾燥粒子上之強度試驗,以決定神經毒素在冷凍乾 燥後之強度,以及其自微粒子中釋出之作用期。在穩定神 經毒素中’神經毒素於活體内水合中可於微粒子内凝集之 傾向,及或由於水合作用或形成控制釋出組成物之過程, 或由於控制釋出組成物之化學特性而喪失生物活性或強 度’可由複合至少一種金屬陽離子與神經毒素,再將神經 母素與聚合物溶液接觸,前者之傾向即可減少。 在吾等的發明中,經穩定的神經毒素是用來對抗控制釋 出期間顯著的活體内凝集作用。顯著的凝集作用定義爲凝 集之量造成聚合物包膠的或聚合物基質納入之神經毒素有 約15%或以上凝集作用。較好,凝集作用維持在約5%以下 之神經毒素。較好,凝集作用維持在存在於聚合物之°神經 毒素約2 %以下。 ^ -34- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁}
1250020
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 在神經母素控制釋出έ & 、、、成物中之神經毒素也可混合以並 他的賦形劑,如塡充濟丨$ 2 t A、…外的穩定基,如緩衝溶液以在 令/東乾燥中矛忍足神經毒素。 填充劑通常含有惰性铷皙 AA 物貝通合的填充劑是精藝者已知 的0 適用於本發明板制釋出組成物之聚合物或聚合基質,必 :疋生物相#的。右聚合物及其任何降解產物對受者是無 母的’且對個體益顧签古金々、*7»、 μ·、,員著有害或不艮作用,如在注射位置之 免疫反應,則聚合物是可生物相容的。 神經毒素控制釋出组成物之聚合物可由生物彳降解的物 質所製成。生物可降解的,如此中㈣義的,表示組成物 可於活體内降解或侵蚀以形成較小的化學物質。降解可因 酵素,化學及物理過程所致。 適合的生物相容的,生物可降解的聚合物,包括如:聚 €内又酯),聚(乙交酯),聚(内交酯·共乙交酯卜聚(乳 聚(乙醇叙)’聚(乳酸_共_乙醇酸),聚己内酉旨,聚碳 酸酯,聚酯醯胺,聚酐類,聚(胺基酸),聚原酸酯,聚氯 基丙烯酸酯,聚(對位厂二嘮烷酮),聚(單酸烷撑二酯),可 生物降解之聚胺酯類,其掺合物及共聚物。 再者,聚合物之末端官能性可予以修飾。例如,聚酯類 可予以阻斷,未阻斷或是二者聚合物之混合。經阻斷之聚 合物在技藝中有典型的定義,特別是具有經阻斷之羧基末 端基團。一般而言,阻斷基衍自聚合化作用之起啓物,卫 通常是烷基。未阻斷之聚合物通常有游離態之羧基末端。 35- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -------I-------------訂---------· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 A7 B7 五、發明說明 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 用於本發明之可生物降解之聚合物,其可接受之分子量 可由精藝者考慮以下因素而決定,如··欲求之聚合物降解 速率,物理特性如機械強度,及聚合物在溶劑中之溶解速 率。典型而言,分子量可接受之範園在約2,〇〇〇遒耳呑至約 2,000,〇〇〇道耳呑。在較佳具體實例中,聚合物是生物可降 解的聚合物或共聚物。在較佳的具體實例中,聚合物是聚 (内交酯-共乙交酯)(下文稱爲” PLGA”),二者比例爲約 1 : 1,且分子量爲約5,000道耳呑至約70 000遒耳呑。在甚 至較佳炙具體實例中,用於本發明之pLGA,具有約6,㈧〇 至約31,〇〇〇道耳吞之分子量。 ’ 神經毒素之劑量,其係含於控制釋出微粒子之劑型中, 或在不同控制釋出系統中,含有生物活性之已穩定的神經 毒素粒子是治療或預防上有效之劑量,可由精藝者在考慮 以下因素下決定,如體重,欲治療之狀況,所應用之聚合 物型式,及聚合物中之釋出速率。 在一個具體實例中,神經毒素控制釋出組成物含有由約 10 %(w/w)至約1%(W/W)的生物活性且經穩定之神經毒 素。此神經毒素之用*依神姮毒素欲求之作用,所計劃之 釋出水平,神經毒素被釋出之時間,神經毒素釋出所花之 時間等而變化。神經毒素粒子填加之較佳範圍是約10_4% (w/w)至約〇.i%(w/w)神經毒素粒子。神經毒素填加之較 佳範圍是約神經毒素。具生物 活性且經穩定之神經毒素粒子,其最佳填料是約1〇_2% (w/w) 0 •36- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公蓳) 請 先 閱讀 背 之 注 意 事 項 再 填 寫 本 頁 鮝 訂 線 1250020
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 在另-具is實例中’神經毒素控制釋出組成物也本有第 二金屬陽離子組份,其並不含於經狀之神經毒^粒子 中,且係分散在聚合物中。第二金屬陽離子組份較好含有 相同的金屬陽離子,如含於經穩定之神經毒素一般。另 外,第二金屬陽離子組份可含有一種以上不同的金屬陽離 子。 第一至屬陽離子組份作用是調控神經毒素自控制釋出組 伤聚合基負中足釋出,如作爲金屬陽離子之貯存槽,以進 一步加長神經毒素爲金屬離子穩定之時間,並用以加強神 經毒素在組成物中之穩定性。 用於調控釋出之金屬陽離子組份,通常含有至少一型多 價金屬陽離子。適用於調控神經毒素釋出之第二金屬陽離 子、、且伤實例,包括或含有下列如:Mg(〇H)2,如 4MgC〇3Mg(OH)25H2〇),ZnC〇3(如 3Zn(〇H)22ZnC〇3),
CaC03 ’ Zn3(C6H5〇7)2,Mg(〇Ac)2,MgS〇4,Ζη(〇Αα, ZnS04,ZnCl2,MgCl2&Mg3(C6H5〇7)2。第二金屬陽離子組 份對一聚合物之適合比例是介於約1 ^ 9 9至約1 : 2按重 計。最佳比例依所選用之聚合物及第二金屬陽離子組份而 定0 本發明的神經毒素控制釋出組合物可製成各種型式,如 薄膜’團塊,柱狀,小盤狀或微粒。微粒,如此中所定義 的,包括聚合、组份其直徑少於約丨毫米,且其中分散有經 穩足的神經毒素粒子。微粒可具球體,非球體或不規則形 狀。較好此微粒是一種微球。典型而言,微粒應是適於注 -37- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
1250020 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(35) 射之尺寸。微粒之較佳尺寸範圍是由約1至約i 8〇微米直 徑。 在本發明形成組成物以控制具生物活性且未凝集之神經 毒素釋出之方法中,在聚合物溶液中分散適量的具生物活 係且經穩定神經毒素之粒子。 適合的聚合物溶液含有約l%(w/w)及約3 0%(w/w)適合 的生物可相容的聚合物,其中生物相容的聚合物溶於適合 的聚合物溶劑中。較好,聚合物溶液含有約2%(w/v)至約 20%(w/v)聚合物。以含有5%至約^。/。(界/界)聚合物爲最 佳。 適合的聚合物溶劑,如此中所定義,是其中聚合物可溶 的溶劑,但其中經穩定之神經毒素粒子實質上是不溶且無 反應性的。適合的聚合物溶劑包括極性有機液體,如二氯 甲烷,氣仿,乙酸乙酯及丙酮。 爲製備具生物活性且穩定的神經毒素,神經毒素混合在 適合的水溶劑中,並加上至少一種適合的金屬陽離子組 份,在適於形成金屬陽離子及神經毒素複合物之pH條件 下。典型而言,複合的神經毒素係呈混濁沉殿物型式,其 可懸浮在溶劑中。然而,複合的神經毒素也可在溶液中。 在甚至較佳之具體實例中,神經毒素係與Ζ η + +複合。 形成神經毒素複合物之適合的pH條件通常包括介於約5.0 及約6.9間之pH値。適合的PH値通常經由缓衝水溶液之使 用而達成,如碳酸氯鈉。 適合的溶劑爲其中神經毒素及金屬陽離子組份各自至少 -38- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 1· I I H ϋ I I ϋ I I I I · I — — — — — — 一I n I ϋ ϋ I- I I I I I n I I hi ϋ I l· — III— — — — —— — — — — (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 125〇〇2〇 五 _ ___ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 〜 36 發明說明() 略溶者,如在碳酸氫鈉水性緩衝溶液中。於水溶劑例時, 所使用的水較好是去離子水或注射用水(WFI)。 神經毒素也可呈固體或溶解狀態,此指在與金屬陽離子 組份接觸之前。另外,金屬陽離子組份可爲固體或溶解狀 態,此指與神經毒素接觸之前。在較佳的具體實例中,神 經毒素之緩衝水溶液混合以金屬陽離子組份之水溶液。 典型而言,複合的神經毒素可呈混沌的沉澱物型式,其 係懸浮在溶劑中。然而,複合的神經毒素也可在溶液中。 在較佳具體實例中,神經毒素係與Ζ η + +複合。 Ζη + +複合的神經毒素再乾燥,如利用冷凍乾燥,以形成 經穩定的神經毒素微粒。Ζη + +複合之神經毒素,其懸浮或 在溶液中,可被大團地冷凍乾燥,或可分成小份再冷來乾 燥。在較佳具體實例中,Ζη + +複合的神經毒素懸二= 碎,如利用超音波噴嘴,再冷束乾燥或穩定之神 子。冷凍乾燥Ζη + +複合之神經毒素混合物之可接受方法包 括技藝中已知的。 較好,經穩定之神經毒素粒子直徑是介於約i至約6微米 之間。神經毒素粒子可分別成片段,另外,神經毒素粒子 可在加至聚合物溶液後成片段,如利用超音波探針或超音 波噴嘴。 曰 在另外的具體實例中,不含於經穩定神經毒素粒子中之 第二金屬陽離子組份,也分散在聚合物溶液内。 應了解,第二金屬陽離子組份及經穩定的神經毒素,可 依序,呈相反次序,間歇地,分別地或經由同時:添加而 -39- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) --;--、丨-----------------訂---------線- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ϊ25〇〇2〇 A7 分散至聚合物溶液中。另外,聚, 份,及經穩定之神經毒素,α 、口物,第二金屬陽離子麵 分別地或經由同時之添加而’呈相反次序,間歇, 在此方法中,聚合物溶劑再:化:物溶劑中。 經毒素粒子分散相之聚合基質。乂形成含有經穩定的神 自聚合物溶液中形成 法是溶劑蒸發方法,、f^呈、空1]釋出組成物之適合方 $万决,述於美國專 3,523,906,· 3,691,_ ;及4 3 ^Ν〇· _ 3,737,337 ’ 神經毒素控制釋出微粒之方法。,° /谷劑蒸發可充作形成 在溶劑蒸發方法中,含有經穩 =溶液:混合於或擾動在連續相; 二::形成乳劑。連續相通常是水溶劑。乳化 時:::::續相中以穩定乳劑。聚合物溶劑再於數小 ▲上瘵發,由是固化聚合物形成其中含有經穩定之神經 毒素粒子分散相之聚合基質。 自聚合物溶液中形成神經毒素控制釋出微粒之較佳方法 迷於美國專利案5,G19,4GG中。此微球形成法,和其他方法 比較下,如相分離’可另外減少產生控制釋出組成物(有特 殊< 神經毒素含量)所必需之神經毒素含量。 在此方法中,含有經穩定的神經毒素粒子分散相之聚合 物溶液,經處理可產生小滴狀,其中至少有相當部份之小 滴,含有聚合物溶液及經穩定之神經毒素粒子。這些小滴 再利用適於形成微粒之方法冷凍之。處理聚合物溶液分散 相形成小滴之方法實例包括經由超音波噴嘴,壓力嘴嘴, -40- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐 -1 ^--Γ ^--.---------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂-----
ϋ ϋ n I 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1250020 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制取 A7 B7 38 五、發明說明()
Rayleigh噴口或其他自溶液生成小滴之已知方法。 適合冷凍小滴以形成微粒之方法包括令小滴進入或接近 液化氣體,如液態氬及液態氮以形成冷凍微滴,其再自液 態氣體中分出來。冷凍之微滴再曝於液態非溶劑中,如乙 醇,或乙醇混合以己烷或戊烷。 於冷凍微滴中之溶劑予以萃取,如固體及/或液體,萃取 至非溶劑中’以形成含有穩定神經毒素之微粒。混合乙醇 與其他非溶劑,如己烷或戊烷,可增加溶劑自某些聚合物 中之萃取,如聚(内交酯·共-乙交酯)聚合物,超過以乙醇 單獨時所達成的。 變化小滴之大小可製成各種尺寸之神經毒素控制釋出微 粒’如利用變化超音波噴嘴之直徑。若欲求極大之微粒, 微粒可經由注射器直接擠壓至冷的液體中。增加聚合物溶 液之黏度,也可增加微粒大小。以此方法產生之微粒大 小,可在大於約1000至約!微米直徑範圍。 又自聚合物溶液中形成神經毒素控制釋出組成物之另一 方法包括膜的澆鑄,如在模型中形成薄膜或某形狀。例 如,在將含有經穩定之神經毒素粒子之分散相之聚合物溶 液置於模型後,再利用技藝中已知方法移去聚合物溶劑, 或減低聚合物溶液之溫度,直到獲得有一致的乾重之薄膜 或形狀爲止。 在生物可相容之聚合物植入物例子中,因聚合物之降解 而釋出神經毒素。降解速率可由變化聚合物特性而控制, 其係可影響聚合物之水合作用速率。這些特性包括如:聚 -41 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -,¾ ^-Γον » n ϋ n n n ϋ I «ϋ -ϋ n n ϋ ϋ ϋ I n I n ϋ ϋ n n - 1250020 Μ Β7
發明説明(3a) 合物中所含之不同單體之比例,如内交酯及乙交酯;使用 單體之L·異構體而非外消旋混合物;及聚合物之分子量。 這些特性可影響親水性及結晶度,其控制聚合物之水合作 用速率。也可納入親水性賦形劑,如鹽類,碳水化合物及 界面活性劑以增加水合作用,且其可改變聚合物之侵蝕速 〇 經由改變生物可降解聚合物之特性,擴散的貢獻及/或聚 合物降解至神經毒素釋出均可予以控制。例如,增加聚(内 交酯·共-乙交酯)聚合物中乙交酯含量及減少聚合物之分子 量可加強聚合物之水解作用,因此使神經毒素自聚合物侵 蝕中之釋出可增加。此外,聚合物之水解速率在非·中性 pH値下會增加。因此,在聚合物溶液中可加入酸性或鹼性 賦形劑,用以形成微球,以改變聚合物侵蚀速率。 本發明的組成物可利用任何非全身性投藥方式投予至人 類或其他動物’利用如植入方式(如皮下,肌内,顱内,陰 道内及皮内)以提供以已知變性爲據之欲求的神經毒素劑 量,以治療各種醫學狀況。 經由植入物適於投藥的特殊劑量,可由精藝者依上文討 論之因素而容易地決定。劑量也可依欲治療或切除神經之 組織團塊大小,及毒素之商品化製劑而定。另外,在人體 中適合劑量之估計,可由其他組織有效失神經作用所需之 肉毒毒素劑量決定値之外插中而來。因此,欲注射之A型 肉毒毒素劑量,和欲治療之組織團塊及活性水平成比例。 一般而言,約0.01單位/公斤至約35單位/公斤病人體重間 42- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製
之肉毒毒素,如A型,可爲本植入物在每單位時間内釋出 (即歷一段時間,或每2_4個月一次)以有效地達成欲求的 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 肌肉麻痒。低於約0.01單位/公斤之肉毒毒素對肌肉並無顧 著的治療作用,而35單位/公斤以上則趨近神經毒素之中 2 =量,如A型。小心地製備及植入物之安置,可避免顯 著量的肉毒毒素全身出現。較佳的劑量範園是由約〇 單 位/公斤至約25單位/公斤肉毒毒素,如調和物Β〇τ〇χ@。 投予肉毒毒素之確實劑量(單位/公斤)依以下因素而定,如 欲治療組織之程度(團塊)及活性水平,及所選用之投 徑。Α型肉毒毒素是可用於本發明方法中之較佳肉毒毒 素。 較好,用來實行本發明範圍内方法之神經毒素是肉毒毒 素,如血清型A,B,C,D,E,肉毒毒素之一。較 好,所使用的肉毒毒素是八型,因爲其在人體中有高強 度、’易取知,且已知是安全且有效地可用於治療骨骼肌及 平滑肌失調症,此當以肌内注射局部投藥時。 么本發明在其範圍内包括任何神經毒素之用法,其當用來 ❺療和動失凋症或爲膽鹼能失神經作用所影響之痛苦時, =有j期的治療作用。例如,由產毒素菌株,如梭菌如肉 母梭菌’丁酸梭菌及Cberatti任一者製成之神經毒素均可 ^於或使通用於本發明方法中。另外,肉毒毒素A,B, 一 D E,F及G可有益地用於實行本發明,然而以a型爲 較佳,如上文所解釋的。本發明之實行可提供有效的舒 緩,由約1個月至約5或6年。 -43-
本紙張尺度適财ϋ國家標準(CNS ) ( 21〇χ2^^
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1250020 五、發明說明(41 〜發明範圍内包括以下:(a)神經毒素複合物,以及以細 囷=養,毒素萃取,濃縮,保藏,冷凍乾燥及/或重組方法 獲侍或處理之純神經毒素;(b)經修飾或重組的神經毒素, 及神經毒素其一個以上之胺基酸或胺基酸序列被故意地刪 除,修飾或取代,經由已知的化學./生化胺基酸修飾步驟, 或π由已知宿主細胞/重組載體重組體技術之使用,以及如 此製成之神經毒素之衍生物或片段,且包括黏附有一種以 上標的部份之神經毒素,此針對存在於細胞上之細胞表面 受體而言。 口依據本發明可使用之肉毒毒素,可以冷凍乾燥或眞空乾 燥型式貯於眞空壓力下之容器内。在冷凍乾燥前,肉毒毒 素可混合以藥學上可接受之賦形劑,穩定劑及/或載劑,如 白蛋白。經冷凍乾燥或眞空乾燥之物質可以食鹽水或水重 組。 吾等的發明範園中也包括經植入之控制釋出複合物之用 法,如此可對慢性失調症(如運動失調症)提供治療性舒 緩。因此,神經毒素可包埋,吸收,或攜於適合的聚合物 基貝中’再植入或包莩在下以提供欲求標的組織,神經毒 素有數年以上延緩及受控之釋出。可植入的聚合物,其令 多肤藥物有控制性釋出是已知的,且可用來製成適於嵌入 或皮下黏附之肉毒毒素植入物。如見:pain 1999 ; 82(1): 49-55 ; Biomaterials 1994 ; 15(5) : 383-9 ; Brain Res 1990 ; 515 (1·2) : 309-11,及美國專利案6,〇22,554 ; 6,011,〇ll ; 6,007,843 ; 5,667,808 及 5,980,945。 -44- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) —--------------^---------^ i^w— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 1250020 B7________ 42 五、發明說明() 決定適合的投藥路徑及劑量之方法,通常依各病例而由 主治醫師決定。此決定是精藝者例常工作(如見Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine (1998),由 Anthony Fauci et al 出版,1 41 h 版,McGraw Hill 發行)。 實例 以下實例示出本發明包涵之特殊具體實例及方法,且不 欲限制本發明範圍。 實例1 形成Ζ η + +穩定之神經毒素 100單位的神經毒素,如未重組的Botox®,溶於碳酸氫鈉 缓衝溶液中(pH 6.0)以形成神經毒素溶液。Zn + +溶液製備 自去離子水及醋酸鋅二水合物,再於緩和混合下加至神經 毒素溶液中以形成Zn + +神經毒素複合物。Zn + +神經毒素複 合物之pH値再加1%醋酸調至pH 6.5及6.9之間。可沉澱出 沉澱懸液,其中含有不溶的Zn + +穩定的神經.毒素。由是製 成神經毒素(如A型肉毒毒素)複合物,可穩定地拮抗接下 來納入聚合植入物基質時顯著的凝集作用。 秦 實例2 #經毒素控制釋出圍媿 適於納入聚合物或可聚合的溶液中之神經毒素爲A型肉 毒毒素(如Botox®),其以冷凍乾燥型式買得到。另外,可 混合各種聚合物及其共聚物,並貯於乾處,對最終植入物 <作用並無影響。例如,丙烯酸酯共聚物使用11¥熟化的啓 動者。神經毒素可與Zn + +複合,如實例1所示。經zn + +穩 -45- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 χ 297公釐) --------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7
1250020 43 五、發明說明() 走的神經毒素複合物再混合以未熟化之丙缔酸酯共聚物, UV啓動者及酸(PH在5.5及6.8之間)。混合物置於玻璃或澄 清的塑質團塊模型内,此可令UV光穿透。模型再置20。〇 之溫控水浴中。團塊以UV光熟化約5〇秒,包裝再滅菌。 U V熟化之時間及強度爲如此,使神經毒素被瓦解或變性之 量幾可忽略。 依欲求之應用定義出團塊大小及包埋在其内神經毒素之 濃度及含量。當團塊被植入時,團塊可在體内水解,使神 經毒素自植入物内部之最初爆發略爲延緩。在團塊外側以 神經毒素欲求之最初爆發濃度一部份塗覆可消除此延緩情 形。在此實例中,團塊之效力約持續4至約6個月。 實例3 神經毒素控制釋出調和物 爲了增加團塊有效遞送神經毒素之時間,可使用多重物 質層。因此,較内層可由聚乙烯吡咯啶酮/甲基異丁烯酸酯 共聚物製成。此物質可支持高濃度的神經毒素複合物。適 量的神經毒素複合以Zn + +,如實例1所示,此複合物再混 合以未熟化之共聚物,低溫啓動劑及酸(pH在5.5及6.8之 間)。混合物置玻璃或塑質團塊模型中。模型置入約3 5 t 之溫控水浴中,介於約6小時及約8小時之間。此形成延長 且受控釋出所需之神經毒素貯存槽。 爲了延長神經毒素之釋出,再於最初團塊四週熟化第二 層物質。此物質針對高分子密度及生物相容性而選擇。聚 甲基異丁烯酸酯(PMMA)是具有此特性之物質實例。(上述) -46- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 χ 297公釐) --------^---------^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制衣 1250020
五、發明說明( 44 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制衣 團塊置於模型中(嵌人模型),其中並有未熟化之PMMA/低 溫啓動劑。第二層的未熟化PMMA可能是必要的以確保團 塊有均勻的塗層。較好,pMMA厚度爲〇 5毫米。在成形 後,團塊外側塗覆以神經毒素欲求的最初爆發濃度。 PMMA層有足夠的厚度使神經毒素在貯存槽中有延遲作用 (夕達3個月)。*神經毒素到達植入物表面,可得神經毒素 第二次大的爆發。此二次爆發後是約3個月緩缓減低之神 經毒素釋出率。在此實例中,團塊效力可高達約7至約9個 實例4 毒素控制釋出植入物 經由利用多層-高密度聚合物/低密度聚合物w/神經毒素_ •神經毒素之暫時控制釋出程度可增加,但植入物之大小也 可增加。當植入物之大小增加,神經毒素在體内分散之面 積愈大,此降低植入物之效力。爲了避免此點,植入物包 覆以不可通透物質,如鈦。保持一個小開口使神經毒素可 經由包覆之團塊集中地釋出。此效率使植入物有顯著不同 的釋出特性。基本上,如此也令聚合物之較厚部份可通 過,有效地增加神經毒素釋出之作用期。 此内層物質可由如聚乙烯吡咯啶酮/甲基異丁缔酸酯共聚 物之材質製成。·此物質可支持高濃度的神經毒素複合物。 神經毒素與Ζ η複合。複合物再混合以未熟化之共聚物, 低溫啓動劑及酸(pH 5.5及6.8之間)。混合物置玻璃或塑質 團塊模型中。模型再置35°C溫控水浴中,介於約6及約8小 -47- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) n n ϋ ·ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ n ϋ ^1 ^1 0 ϋ -ϋ ϋ n —.1 ί n I n I I n ί> ϋ n I _ (請先閱讀背面之注咅心事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 五 _ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 45 發明說明() 時之間。此形成延長控制釋出所必要之神經毒素貯存槽。 爲了延長神經毒素之釋出,再於最初團塊上熟化第二層 材料。團塊(上文)置入模型内(嵌入模型),並加有未熟化 之PMMA /低溫啓動劑。未熟化之PMMA之第二層是必要 的,以確保團塊有均勻之塗覆。理想上PMMA厚度是0.5毫 米。爲形成多層,相同的嵌入模鑄技術也如上述般應用。 當欲應用最後一層高密度聚合物時,以鈥團塊爲模型。 團塊置鈦團塊之内侧,其中並加有未熟化之PMMA。團塊 之蓋封好’團塊再置3 5 C強制通風烘箱中約6至約8小時。 團塊之蓋有一個2 2號針頭開口,令神經毒素可釋出。在此 實例中,團塊效力可爲約1 〇個月至約2 4個月。 實例5 皇層管柱之神經毒素植入物 爲了可長期持續釋出,另一方式是將高密度聚合物/低密 度聚合物w/神經毒素層,置入上述之鈦團塊之内。熟化在 3 5 C左右之強制通風烘箱中進行,各層約6小時至約8小時 之間。團塊之直徑是神經毒素施加量之關鑑決定因素。層 數可用來決定植入物特續有效之時間有多長。PMMA層各 層的厚度約〇·5亳米,且低密度聚合物w/神經毒素約〇 3毫 米。對加入的各層,可得到效力約3個月之增加。增加植 入物之長度至約6·4毫米加上鈦杳尺寸橫剖面約1毫米,共 約7.4#t:米可製成有2年壽命之植入物。 依據此中揭示之本發明的組成物及方法,具有許多優 點,包括下列: -48- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 丨;--.1,--<--------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1250020 A7
1250020
五、發明說明( 47 接續地經由植入物投予,以提供輔 神經毒素前快速的失神經化㈣,“^強的或在 展現其治療作用。 A母母素,以可開始 吾:的發明在範圍内也包括神經毒素,如肉毒毒素,在 J成藥物上之用途,如控制釋出之植入物,可治療移動失 口周症,及/或因歧能失神經作賴影響之失調症,經由神 經毒素植入物之局部投予。 因此’以下申請專利範圍之精神及範疇應不致限制上示 較佳具體實例之説明。 T . • .^1 _ϋ Βϋ n 1__1 n Ml 1 ,0 mmm mmm mmm wmm mmm _ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -50- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 、申請專利範園 L種用於治療行動失調症或由膽 失調症之可注射或可植入之控耧此失神經作用所影響 (a) _種聚合基質;及 出系統,其中包括·· (b) —定量的神經毒素位在聚合 量之神經毒素可以長時期自 ^之内,其中分次 經毒素是肉毒毒素。 ^ 中釋出,其中該神 2·根據申請專利範圍第!項之控 。 素以實質上連續或單相方式自户八出系、為’其中的神經毒 3·根據申請專利範圍第土質中釋出。 自聚合基質之釋出長期間,系統’其中神經毒素 4·根據申請專利範圍第!項之控制釋二天延長至約6年。 質係由實質上非可生物降解之物=,其中的聚合基 5·根據申請專利範圍第!項之控 玄且、的。 素包括多肽。 睪出系統,其中的神經毒 6.根據申請專利範圍第丨項之控制 夸ϋA A 釋出系統,其中的神經毒 素疋選自包括A,B,Cl,D,p T HI工母 經毒素。 ,F及G型肉毒毒素之神 7·根據申請專利範圍第丨項之# 素是A型肉毒毒素。 4釋出系統’其中的神經毒 8· 請專利範圍第1項之控制釋出系統,其 所包括之聚合基質係選自下列 σν» .. 』匕括·異丁締fel酯,乙晞 比咯哫酮,乙烯醇,丙烯醇, ^ p ^ 氷甲基異丁烯酸酯,聚矽 ㈣類’醋酸乙晞酉旨,乳酸,乙醇酸,膠原蛋白,及生 A8 B8 C8 D81250020 六、申請專利範圍 物陶瓷聚合物及其共.聚物。 9·報據申請專利範圍第丨項之控制釋出系統,其中神妒毒素 之量在約1單位及約50,000單位肉毒毒素之間。 、,二母’、 10·根據申請專利範圍第i項之控制釋出系統,其中神經毒素 之量在約10單位及約2,000單位A型肉毒毒素之間。 、 11·根據申請專利範圍第i項之控制釋出系統,其中胃神經毒素 之量在約100單位及約30,000單位B型肉毒毒素之間二。母” 12·根據申請專利範圍第1項之控制釋出系統,其中的神經毒 素疋肉毒毒素,其可在植入系統處或四周釋出可造成肌 肉或肌肉群虛弱的肌肉麻痒之有效劑量。 13· —種用於治療行動失調症或由膽鹼能失神經作用所影響失調 症之可注射或可植入之控制釋出系統,其中包括 (a) —種聚合基質;及 (b) 在聚合基質内有介於約1〇單位及約2〇,〇〇〇單位的肉 毒毒素,其中分次量的肉毒毒素可自聚合基質中長時間 釋出,歷約2個月至約5年。 14· 一種製備金屬陽離子-複舍的神經毒素之方法,此方法包 括以下步驟: (a) 形成含有神經毒素之溶液; (b) 混合多價金屬陽離子組份與神經毒素溶液,以複合 多價金屬陽離子與神經毒素,由是形成金屬陽離子-複合 的神經毒素懸浮液,及; (Ο乾燥該懸浮液以形成金屬陽離子_複合的神經毒 素,其中孩神經毒素係肉毒毒素,且該多價金屬陽離子8 8 8 8 A B c D 1250020 六、申請專利範圍 係二價鋅陽離子。 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/587,250 US6306423B1 (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2000-06-02 | Neurotoxin implant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TWI250020B true TWI250020B (en) | 2006-03-01 |
Family
ID=24349017
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW090112093A TWI250020B (en) | 2000-06-02 | 2001-05-21 | Neurotoxin implant |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (5) | US6306423B1 (zh) |
| EP (2) | EP1289504B1 (zh) |
| JP (2) | JP2003535117A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100732810B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN100536915C (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR028669A1 (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE322251T1 (zh) |
| AU (3) | AU7292701A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR0111300A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2411277C (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE60118550T2 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2259665T3 (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ522611A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI250020B (zh) |
| WO (2) | WO2001093827A2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (634)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6974578B1 (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 2005-12-13 | Allergan, Inc. | Method for treating secretions and glands using botulinum toxin |
| EP1011695B2 (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 2009-11-04 | The Regents of the University of Colorado | Use of neurotoxin therapy for treatment of prostate disorders |
| US7470431B2 (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 2008-12-30 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado | Use of neurotoxin therapy for treatment of urological-neurological disorders associated with prostate cancer |
| US9066943B2 (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 2015-06-30 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado | Use of botulinum toxin therapy for treatment of urological neurological conditions |
| US7449192B2 (en) | 1997-07-15 | 2008-11-11 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado | Use of neurotoxin therapy for treatment of urologic and related disorders related to neurogenic bladder dysfunction |
| US7455845B2 (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 2008-11-25 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado | Use of neurotoxin therapy for treatment of urologic and related disorders related to lowering elevated bladder pressure |
| US20060216313A1 (en) * | 1999-08-10 | 2006-09-28 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating a stricture with a botulinum toxin |
| US6767544B2 (en) * | 2002-04-01 | 2004-07-27 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating cardiovascular diseases with botulinum toxin |
| US7838007B2 (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2010-11-23 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating mammary gland disorders |
| US7838008B2 (en) | 1999-12-07 | 2010-11-23 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating diverse cancers |
| US7780967B2 (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2010-08-24 | Allergan, Inc. | Reduced toxicity Clostridial toxin pharmaceutical compositions |
| US6306423B1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2001-10-23 | Allergan Sales, Inc. | Neurotoxin implant |
| US20040170665A1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2004-09-02 | Allergan, Inc. | Intravitreal botulinum toxin implant |
| US20040033241A1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2004-02-19 | Allergan, Inc. | Controlled release botulinum toxin system |
| US20050214327A1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2005-09-29 | Allergan, Inc. | Neurotoxin-containing suppositories and related methods |
| US6306403B1 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2001-10-23 | Allergan Sales, Inc. | Method for treating parkinson's disease with a botulinum toxin |
| US6692759B1 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2004-02-17 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Methods for preparing and using implantable substance delivery devices |
| US20040220100A1 (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2004-11-04 | Essentia Biosystems, Inc. | Multi-component biological transport systems |
| US6903187B1 (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2005-06-07 | Allergan, Inc. | Leucine-based motif and clostridial neurotoxins |
| EP1301213B1 (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2017-01-18 | ReVance Therapeutics, Inc. | Multi-component biological transport systems |
| US7491799B2 (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2009-02-17 | Allergan, Inc. | Modified botulinum neurotoxins |
| US20040219619A1 (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2004-11-04 | Ester Fernandez-Salas | Methods of identifying compounds that alter toxin persistence and/or protease activity |
| US7691983B2 (en) | 2000-07-21 | 2010-04-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Chimera botulinum toxin type E |
| US7273722B2 (en) * | 2000-11-29 | 2007-09-25 | Allergan, Inc. | Neurotoxins with enhanced target specificity |
| US20020086036A1 (en) | 2000-12-05 | 2002-07-04 | Allergan Sales, Inc. | Methods for treating hyperhidrosis |
| GB0100761D0 (en) * | 2001-01-11 | 2001-02-21 | Biocompatibles Ltd | Drug delivery from stents |
| JP4707254B2 (ja) * | 2001-04-24 | 2011-06-22 | クミアイ化学工業株式会社 | 粒状組成物及びその製造方法 |
| US6887857B2 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2005-05-03 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Microparticle protection of therapeutic agents |
| US7592016B2 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2009-09-22 | Regents Of The University Of California | Methods for preparing and using implantable substance delivery devices |
| US20100104631A1 (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2010-04-29 | Lipella Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Method of treatment for bladder dysfunction |
| WO2003047589A1 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2003-06-12 | Micro Algae Corporation | Pharmaceutical compositions containing 3,4-propinoperhydropurines and uses thereof for blocking neuronal transmission |
| US7763663B2 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2010-07-27 | University Of Massachusetts | Polysaccharide-containing block copolymer particles and uses thereof |
| AU2002360712A1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-30 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | C3 exoenzyme-coated stents and uses thereof for treating and preventing restenosis |
| US7140371B2 (en) * | 2002-03-14 | 2006-11-28 | Allergan, Inc. | Surface topography method for determining effects of a botulinum toxin upon a muscle and for comparing botulinum toxins |
| US8774913B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for intravasculary-induced neuromodulation |
| US9308044B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-04-12 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for therapeutic renal neuromodulation |
| US7853333B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2010-12-14 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for multi-vessel renal neuromodulation |
| US8131371B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-06 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for monopolar renal neuromodulation |
| US20070135875A1 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2007-06-14 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
| US8150519B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-04-03 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for bilateral renal neuromodulation |
| US7756583B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2010-07-13 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for intravascularly-induced neuromodulation |
| US7653438B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2010-01-26 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
| US8774922B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-07-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Catheter apparatuses having expandable balloons for renal neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
| US8145316B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-27 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation |
| US7162303B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2007-01-09 | Ardian, Inc. | Renal nerve stimulation method and apparatus for treatment of patients |
| US9636174B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2017-05-02 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for therapeutic renal neuromodulation |
| US6978174B2 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2005-12-20 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and devices for renal nerve blocking |
| US8551069B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-10-08 | Medtronic Adrian Luxembourg S.a.r.l. | Methods and apparatus for treating contrast nephropathy |
| US20080213331A1 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2008-09-04 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and devices for renal nerve blocking |
| US20140018880A1 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2014-01-16 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for monopolar renal neuromodulation |
| US20070129761A1 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2007-06-07 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods for treating heart arrhythmia |
| US7620451B2 (en) | 2005-12-29 | 2009-11-17 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach |
| US9308043B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2016-04-12 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for monopolar renal neuromodulation |
| US7617005B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2009-11-10 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
| US8347891B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2013-01-08 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and apparatus for performing a non-continuous circumferential treatment of a body lumen |
| US8145317B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-27 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods for renal neuromodulation |
| US6921538B2 (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2005-07-26 | Allergan, Inc. | Therapeutic treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders |
| US7691394B2 (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2010-04-06 | Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. | High-potency botulinum toxin formulations |
| AU2003237346A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-19 | Thomas Jefferson University | Compositions and methods for transepithelial molecular transport |
| WO2003101483A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-11 | Solux Corporation | Pharmaceutical preparation of botulinum neurotoxin, methods of synthesis and methods of clinical use |
| US6776991B2 (en) | 2002-06-26 | 2004-08-17 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating priapism |
| US20040009180A1 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-01-15 | Allergan, Inc. | Transdermal botulinum toxin compositions |
| US20040067235A1 (en) * | 2002-07-29 | 2004-04-08 | Rajiv Doshi | Methods for the use of neurotoxin in the treatment of urologic disorders |
| DE10235556A1 (de) * | 2002-08-03 | 2004-02-19 | Hf Arzneimittelforschung Gmbh | Medikament und Verfahren zur Verringerung des Alkohol- und/oder Tabakkonsums |
| EP1546021B1 (en) | 2002-08-13 | 2010-10-20 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Container and valve assembly for storing and dispensing substances, and related method |
| JP2006513994A (ja) * | 2002-10-15 | 2006-04-27 | アラーガン、インコーポレイテッド | ボツリヌス毒素歯科治療および歯科措置 |
| USD540908S1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2007-04-17 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Dispenser |
| USD650067S1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2011-12-06 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Dispenser |
| USD518144S1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2006-03-28 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Dispenser nozzle |
| USD575391S1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2008-08-19 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Dispenser |
| USD518872S1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2006-04-11 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Dispenser |
| EP1558122A4 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2011-04-13 | Charles N Ellis | METHOD OF EVALUATING THE HARDNESS OF PSORIASIS |
| US7238357B2 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2007-07-03 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| US20040086532A1 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-05-06 | Allergan, Inc., | Botulinum toxin formulations for oral administration |
| CA2510058C (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2010-03-16 | Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. | Improved pharmaceutical botulinum toxin compositions |
| USD553005S1 (en) | 2003-01-27 | 2007-10-16 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Container and valve assembly |
| USD532700S1 (en) | 2003-01-27 | 2006-11-28 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Container and valve assembly |
| USD503611S1 (en) | 2003-01-27 | 2005-04-05 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Container and valve assembly |
| US7444183B2 (en) | 2003-02-03 | 2008-10-28 | Enteromedics, Inc. | Intraluminal electrode apparatus and method |
| US20040172084A1 (en) | 2003-02-03 | 2004-09-02 | Knudson Mark B. | Method and apparatus for treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) |
| US7844338B2 (en) | 2003-02-03 | 2010-11-30 | Enteromedics Inc. | High frequency obesity treatment |
| US7613515B2 (en) | 2003-02-03 | 2009-11-03 | Enteromedics Inc. | High frequency vagal blockage therapy |
| US8071550B2 (en) | 2003-03-03 | 2011-12-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating uterine disorders |
| ES2381091T3 (es) * | 2003-03-06 | 2012-05-23 | Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. | Tratamiento del dolor facial crónico y cefalea relacionados con la sinusitis con toxina botulínica |
| US20070207211A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2007-09-06 | Pr Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Emulsion-based microparticles and methods for the production thereof |
| EP2548550A1 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2013-01-23 | Surmodics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Emulsion-based micro particles |
| WO2004108792A2 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-12-16 | Vinod Chintamani Malshe | Novel biodegradable aliphatic polyesters and pharmaceutical compositions and applications thereof |
| US7393538B2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2008-07-01 | Ackerman Alan H | Clostridial toxin treatment for dermatillomania |
| US7422753B2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2008-09-09 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating trichotillomania |
| US7393537B2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2008-07-01 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxin for treatment of obsessive compulsive finger biting disorder |
| US7396535B2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2008-07-08 | Ackerman Alan H | Therapy for obsessive compulsive head banging |
| US7390496B2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2008-06-24 | Allergan, Inc. | Therapeutic treatments for repetitive hand washing |
| EP1631496B1 (en) | 2003-04-28 | 2014-02-26 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Container with valve assembly for filling and dispensing substances, and apparatus and method for filling |
| US6838434B2 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2005-01-04 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating sinus headache |
| US7279174B2 (en) * | 2003-05-08 | 2007-10-09 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Stent coatings comprising hydrophilic additives |
| EP1636091A2 (en) | 2003-05-12 | 2006-03-22 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Dispenser and apparatus for filling a dispenser |
| US20040226556A1 (en) * | 2003-05-13 | 2004-11-18 | Deem Mark E. | Apparatus for treating asthma using neurotoxin |
| US9060770B2 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2015-06-23 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Robotically-driven surgical instrument with E-beam driver |
| US7220422B2 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2007-05-22 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods and compositions for treating eye disorders |
| US20070084897A1 (en) | 2003-05-20 | 2007-04-19 | Shelton Frederick E Iv | Articulating surgical stapling instrument incorporating a two-piece e-beam firing mechanism |
| US8771649B2 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2014-07-08 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Inducible release vehicles |
| US20040253274A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-16 | Allergan, Inc. | Use of a clostridial toxin to reduce appetite |
| NL1023720C2 (nl) * | 2003-06-23 | 2004-12-28 | Univ Eindhoven Tech | Werkwijze voor het wijzigen van de transporteigenschappen van een materiaal, werkwijze voor het vrijmaken van een werkstof uit een implantaat, evenals implantaat met werkstof. |
| CN1568999A (zh) * | 2003-07-14 | 2005-01-26 | 南宁枫叶药业有限公司 | 稳定的医药用河豚毒素冷冻干燥制剂 |
| JP5165239B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-15 | 2013-03-21 | ピーアール ファーマシューティカルズ, インコーポレイテッド | 制御放出処方物の調製のための方法 |
| US20050013850A1 (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-01-20 | Caers Jan K. | Device to assist hyperhydrosis therapy |
| US7226231B2 (en) | 2003-07-17 | 2007-06-05 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Piston-type dispenser with one-way valve for storing and dispensing metered amounts of substances |
| WO2005009357A2 (en) * | 2003-07-23 | 2005-02-03 | Pr Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Controlled release compositions |
| USD505627S1 (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2005-05-31 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Tube and valve assembly |
| USD538158S1 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2007-03-13 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Valve for a tube |
| US8734810B2 (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2014-05-27 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxin treatments of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders |
| US7172764B2 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2007-02-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Rescue agents for treating botulinum toxin intoxications |
| GB0328060D0 (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2004-01-07 | Sod Conseils Rech Applic | Botulinum toxin treatment |
| US8048423B2 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2011-11-01 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxin therapy for skin disorders |
| US8871224B2 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2014-10-28 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxin therapy for skin disorders |
| US7845517B2 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2010-12-07 | Medical Instill Technologies Inc. | Container and one-way valve assembly for storing and dispensing substances, and related method |
| US20050129677A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-16 | Shengwen Li | Lipid rafts and clostridial toxins |
| US20050148935A1 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2005-07-07 | Rozalina Dimitrova | Botulinum toxin injection guide |
| US7270287B2 (en) * | 2004-01-06 | 2007-09-18 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxin treatment for kinesia |
| US6974579B2 (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2005-12-13 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating vascular disorders |
| US7264142B2 (en) | 2004-01-27 | 2007-09-04 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Dispenser having variable-volume storage chamber and depressible one-way valve assembly for dispensing creams and other substances |
| USD511464S1 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2005-11-15 | Medical Instill Technologies, Inc. | Valve for a tube |
| US20050191321A1 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2005-09-01 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating headache |
| US20100266638A1 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2010-10-21 | Allergan, Inc. | Headache treatment method |
| US9078892B2 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2015-07-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating pain and for treating a medication overuse disorder |
| US9211248B2 (en) | 2004-03-03 | 2015-12-15 | Revance Therapeutics, Inc. | Compositions and methods for topical application and transdermal delivery of botulinum toxins |
| CN1946431B (zh) | 2004-03-03 | 2011-12-07 | 雷文斯治疗公司 | 用于肉毒毒素的局部施用和透皮递送的组合物和方法 |
| CA2558676C (en) | 2004-03-03 | 2019-04-16 | Essentia Biosystems, Inc. | Compositions and methods for topical diagnostic and therapeutic transport |
| US20050220821A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Pressure sore treatment |
| US20050220734A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2005-10-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Therapy for melanin related afflictions |
| AU2011253655B2 (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2013-09-05 | Allergan, Inc. | Stabilized biodegradable neurotoxin implants |
| US7691381B2 (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2010-04-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Stabilized biodegradable neurotoxin implants |
| TW200603843A (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2006-02-01 | Technology Dev Company Ltd | Tissue enhancement implant and method |
| WO2005110417A1 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-24 | Phytotox Limited | Phycotoxins and uses thereof |
| JP2007538010A (ja) * | 2004-05-07 | 2007-12-27 | ファイトトックス リミテッド | フィコトキシンの経皮投与 |
| US6991789B2 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2006-01-31 | Allergas, Inc. | Methods of modulating intracellular degradation rates of toxins |
| GB2416122A (en) * | 2004-07-12 | 2006-01-18 | Ipsen Ltd | Botulinum neurotoxin composition |
| WO2006130161A2 (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-12-07 | The Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Therapeutic compounds derived from spider venom and their method of use |
| US11896225B2 (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2024-02-13 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a pan |
| US11998198B2 (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2024-06-04 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling instrument incorporating a two-piece E-beam firing mechanism |
| US9072535B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2015-07-07 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical stapling instruments with rotatable staple deployment arrangements |
| US20060024794A1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-02-02 | Shengwen Li | Novel methods for production of di-chain botulinum toxin |
| US20060024331A1 (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2006-02-02 | Ester Fernandez-Salas | Toxin compounds with enhanced membrane translocation characteristics |
| PT1781264E (pt) | 2004-08-04 | 2013-10-16 | Evonik Corp | Métodos para o fabrico de dispositivis de administração e dispositivos para a mesma |
| US20060034891A1 (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2006-02-16 | Laurie Lawin | Biodegradable controlled release bioactive agent delivery device |
| US7429386B2 (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2008-09-30 | Allergan, Inc. | Stretch mark treatment |
| US7179474B2 (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2007-02-20 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating a buttock deformity |
| US9011831B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2015-04-21 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Methacrylate copolymers for medical devices |
| US20060073208A1 (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2006-04-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Cosmetic neurotoxin compositions and methods |
| US7857813B2 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2010-12-28 | Baxano, Inc. | Tissue access guidewire system and method |
| US20060095028A1 (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2006-05-04 | Baxano, Inc. | Devices and methods for tissue access |
| US8221397B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2012-07-17 | Baxano, Inc. | Devices and methods for tissue modification |
| US7887538B2 (en) * | 2005-10-15 | 2011-02-15 | Baxano, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for tissue modification |
| US20110190772A1 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2011-08-04 | Vahid Saadat | Powered tissue modification devices and methods |
| US7578819B2 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2009-08-25 | Baxano, Inc. | Spinal access and neural localization |
| US8048080B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2011-11-01 | Baxano, Inc. | Flexible tissue rasp |
| US7959577B2 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2011-06-14 | Baxano, Inc. | Method, system, and apparatus for neural localization |
| US8430881B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2013-04-30 | Baxano, Inc. | Mechanical tissue modification devices and methods |
| WO2006044727A2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2006-04-27 | Baxano, Inc. | Devices and methods for tissue removal |
| US20070213734A1 (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-09-13 | Bleich Jeffery L | Tissue modification barrier devices and methods |
| US8617163B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2013-12-31 | Baxano Surgical, Inc. | Methods, systems and devices for carpal tunnel release |
| US20100331883A1 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2010-12-30 | Schmitz Gregory P | Access and tissue modification systems and methods |
| US7738969B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2010-06-15 | Baxano, Inc. | Devices and methods for selective surgical removal of tissue |
| US7938830B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2011-05-10 | Baxano, Inc. | Powered tissue modification devices and methods |
| US8257356B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2012-09-04 | Baxano, Inc. | Guidewire exchange systems to treat spinal stenosis |
| US8062300B2 (en) | 2006-05-04 | 2011-11-22 | Baxano, Inc. | Tissue removal with at least partially flexible devices |
| US9247952B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2016-02-02 | Amendia, Inc. | Devices and methods for tissue access |
| US20080103504A1 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-01 | Schmitz Gregory P | Percutaneous spinal stenosis treatment |
| US9101386B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2015-08-11 | Amendia, Inc. | Devices and methods for treating tissue |
| US7897147B2 (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2011-03-01 | Allergan, Inc. | Treatment of premenstrual disorders |
| US7937143B2 (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2011-05-03 | Ardian, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for inducing controlled renal neuromodulation |
| EP1824746A4 (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2010-12-29 | Medical Instill Tech Inc | CONTAINER AND VALVE ASSEMBLY FOR STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION OF SUBSTANCES, AND RELATED METHOD |
| FR2879462B1 (fr) * | 2004-12-21 | 2008-12-26 | Sod Conseils Rech Applic | Utilisation de toxine botulique pour une insensibilisation locale prolongee |
| WO2006073410A1 (en) * | 2005-01-03 | 2006-07-13 | Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. | Compositions, methods and devices for preparing less painful botulinum toxin formulations |
| US7749515B2 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2010-07-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Targeted delivery of botulinum toxin to the sphenopalatine ganglion |
| US7655244B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2010-02-02 | Allergan, Inc. | Targeted delivery of botulinum toxin for the treatment and prevention of trigeminal autonomic cephalgias, migraine and vascular conditions |
| US7727537B2 (en) * | 2005-02-14 | 2010-06-01 | Dpm Therapeutics Corp. | Stabilized compositions for topical administration and methods of making same |
| US7838011B2 (en) * | 2005-02-14 | 2010-11-23 | Pankaj Modi | Stabilized protein compositions for topical administration and methods of making same |
| CN101160318A (zh) | 2005-03-03 | 2008-04-09 | 雷文斯治疗公司 | 用于局部施用和经皮肤递送寡肽的组合物和方法 |
| WO2006096163A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Animal product free system and process for purifying a botulinum toxin |
| SG160357A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 | 2010-04-29 | Revance Therapeutics Inc | Compositions and methods for topical application and transdermal delivery of botulinum toxins |
| US7700659B2 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2010-04-20 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Implantable devices formed of non-fouling methacrylate or acrylate polymers |
| RU2292910C2 (ru) * | 2005-03-29 | 2007-02-10 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-производственное объединение по медицинским иммунобиологическим препаратам "Микроген" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации | Способ получения миорелаксантного лекарственного средства для лечения мышечных дистоний |
| US7419675B2 (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2008-09-02 | Allergan, Inc. | Method for treating peritoneal adhesions |
| US8105611B2 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2012-01-31 | Allergan, Inc. | Treatment of autoimmune disorder with a neurotoxin |
| BRPI0613631A8 (pt) * | 2005-07-18 | 2017-12-26 | Univ Massachusetts Lowell | nanoemulsão e método, |
| US10052465B2 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2018-08-21 | The Foundry, Llc | Methods and systems for toxin delivery to the nasal cavity |
| JP5826450B2 (ja) | 2005-07-22 | 2015-12-02 | ザ ファウンドリー, エルエルシー | 治療薬の送達のためのシステムおよび方法 |
| US7655243B2 (en) * | 2005-07-22 | 2010-02-02 | The Foundry, Llc | Methods and systems for toxin delivery to the nasal cavity |
| US12433837B2 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2025-10-07 | The Foundry, Llc | Systems and methods for delivery of a therapeutic agent |
| US8323666B2 (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2012-12-04 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxin compositions |
| US7822486B2 (en) | 2005-08-17 | 2010-10-26 | Enteromedics Inc. | Custom sized neural electrodes |
| US7672727B2 (en) | 2005-08-17 | 2010-03-02 | Enteromedics Inc. | Neural electrode treatment |
| US7910116B2 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2011-03-22 | Allergan, Inc. | Use of a botulinum toxin to improve gastric emptying and/or to treat GERD |
| US10159482B2 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2018-12-25 | Ethicon Llc | Fastener cartridge assembly comprising a fixed anvil and different staple heights |
| US11484312B2 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2022-11-01 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a staple driver arrangement |
| US7934630B2 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2011-05-03 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Staple cartridges for forming staples having differing formed staple heights |
| US7669746B2 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2010-03-02 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Staple cartridges for forming staples having differing formed staple heights |
| US11246590B2 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2022-02-15 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge including staple drivers having different unfired heights |
| WO2007035057A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-03-29 | Gwangju Institute Of Science And Technology | Composition for preventing or treating artritis comprising lactic acid bacteria and collangen as active ingredients |
| AU2013202329B2 (en) * | 2005-10-06 | 2016-04-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Non-protein stabilized clostridial toxin pharmaceutical compositions |
| US8168206B1 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2012-05-01 | Allergan, Inc. | Animal protein-free pharmaceutical compositions |
| US8137677B2 (en) | 2005-10-06 | 2012-03-20 | Allergan, Inc. | Non-protein stabilized clostridial toxin pharmaceutical compositions |
| US8092456B2 (en) | 2005-10-15 | 2012-01-10 | Baxano, Inc. | Multiple pathways for spinal nerve root decompression from a single access point |
| US8366712B2 (en) | 2005-10-15 | 2013-02-05 | Baxano, Inc. | Multiple pathways for spinal nerve root decompression from a single access point |
| US8062298B2 (en) | 2005-10-15 | 2011-11-22 | Baxano, Inc. | Flexible tissue removal devices and methods |
| US20070106317A1 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-10 | Shelton Frederick E Iv | Hydraulically and electrically actuated articulation joints for surgical instruments |
| NZ568216A (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2012-09-28 | Revance Therapeutics Inc | Compositions and methods of topical application and transdermal delivery of botulinum toxins with reduced non-toxin proteins |
| BRPI0619134B8 (pt) | 2005-12-01 | 2021-05-25 | Univ Massachusetts Lowell | nanoemulsão, composição farmacêutica, composição, métodos cosméticos para o tratamento de rugas, linhas faciais e/ou linhas do pescoço, e de retardar o início das rugas, linhas faciais e/ou linhas do pescoço, e, método de fabricação de uma nanoemulsão |
| US9486408B2 (en) | 2005-12-01 | 2016-11-08 | University Of Massachusetts Lowell | Botulinum nanoemulsions |
| US8877229B2 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2014-11-04 | Eyetech Inc. | Controlled release microparticles |
| US7824694B2 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2010-11-02 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for enhancing therapeutic effects of a neurotoxin |
| US20070178121A1 (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-02 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for enhancing skin treatments |
| US20120292367A1 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2012-11-22 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Robotically-controlled end effector |
| US11224427B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2022-01-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling system including a console and retraction assembly |
| US11793518B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2023-10-24 | Cilag Gmbh International | Powered surgical instruments with firing system lockout arrangements |
| US7845537B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2010-12-07 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical instrument having recording capabilities |
| US11278279B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2022-03-22 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument assembly |
| US7753904B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2010-07-13 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Endoscopic surgical instrument with a handle that can articulate with respect to the shaft |
| US7756524B1 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2010-07-13 | Nextel Communications Inc. | System and method for partially count-based allocation of vocoder resources |
| US8820603B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2014-09-02 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Accessing data stored in a memory of a surgical instrument |
| US8708213B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2014-04-29 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical instrument having a feedback system |
| US8186555B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2012-05-29 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Motor-driven surgical cutting and fastening instrument with mechanical closure system |
| US20110290856A1 (en) | 2006-01-31 | 2011-12-01 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Robotically-controlled surgical instrument with force-feedback capabilities |
| US20070178138A1 (en) * | 2006-02-01 | 2007-08-02 | Allergan, Inc. | Biodegradable non-opthalmic implants and related methods |
| US7794386B2 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2010-09-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for facilitating weight loss |
| US8992422B2 (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2015-03-31 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Robotically-controlled endoscopic accessory channel |
| US7966746B2 (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2011-06-28 | Medical Instill Technologies, LLC | Needle penetrable and laser resealable lyophilization method |
| US7811586B2 (en) * | 2006-05-02 | 2010-10-12 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for alleviating testicular pain |
| CN101074935B (zh) * | 2006-05-19 | 2011-03-23 | 清华大学 | 探测器阵列及设备 |
| US20080095918A1 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2008-04-24 | Kleiner Lothar W | Coating construct with enhanced interfacial compatibility |
| US8322455B2 (en) | 2006-06-27 | 2012-12-04 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Manually driven surgical cutting and fastening instrument |
| US8956640B2 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2015-02-17 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Block copolymers including a methoxyethyl methacrylate midblock |
| AR061669A1 (es) | 2006-06-29 | 2008-09-10 | Merz Pharma Gmbh & Co Kgaa | Aplicacion de alta frecuencia de terapia con toxina botulinica |
| US10792344B2 (en) | 2006-06-29 | 2020-10-06 | Merz Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kgaa | High frequency application of botulinum toxin therapy |
| US20080008736A1 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2008-01-10 | Thierry Glauser | Random copolymers of methacrylates and acrylates |
| US20080075777A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-03-27 | Kennedy Michael T | Apparatus and methods for preparing solid particles |
| US9061025B2 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2015-06-23 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for selecting headache patients responsive to botulinum toxin therapy |
| US20080226729A1 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-09-18 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Stable powder formulations of alum-adsorbed vaccines |
| US10568652B2 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2020-02-25 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical staples having attached drivers of different heights and stapling instruments for deploying the same |
| US11980366B2 (en) | 2006-10-03 | 2024-05-14 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument |
| US20080092910A1 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-24 | Allergan, Inc. | Apparatus and method for treating obesity using neurotoxins in conjunction with bariatric procedures |
| US20080113051A1 (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2008-05-15 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for alleviating tattoo pain |
| EP2097119A4 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2012-10-17 | Abbott Lab | USE OF A TERPOLYMER OF TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE, HEXAFLUORPROPYLENE AND VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE IN MEDICAMENTAL COATINGS |
| US7713541B1 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2010-05-11 | Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc. | Zwitterionic terpolymers, method of making and use on medical devices |
| US20080118541A1 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2008-05-22 | Abbott Laboratories | Use of a terpolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, and vinylidene fluoride in drug eluting coatings on medical devices |
| SG10201607909WA (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2016-11-29 | Anterios Inc | Peptide nanoparticles and uses therefor |
| WO2008070538A2 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-12 | Anterios, Inc. | Micellar nanoparticles comprising botulinum toxin |
| US8017141B2 (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2011-09-13 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Coatings of acrylamide-based copolymers |
| US20100021502A1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2010-01-28 | Waugh Jacob M | Compositions and Methods of Topical Application and Transdermal Delivery of Botulinum Toxins Stabililzed with Polypeptide Fragments Derived from HIV-TAT |
| JP2010514781A (ja) * | 2006-12-29 | 2010-05-06 | ルバンス セラピュティックス インク. | Hiv−tatに由来するポリペプチド断片を用いて安定化されるボツリヌス毒素を局所適用及び経皮送達する組成物及び方法 |
| NZ598159A (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2013-08-30 | Revance Therapeutics Inc | Transport molecules using reverse sequence hiv-tat polypeptides |
| US8840603B2 (en) | 2007-01-10 | 2014-09-23 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical instrument with wireless communication between control unit and sensor transponders |
| US11291441B2 (en) | 2007-01-10 | 2022-04-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument with wireless communication between control unit and remote sensor |
| US8684253B2 (en) | 2007-01-10 | 2014-04-01 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical instrument with wireless communication between a control unit of a robotic system and remote sensor |
| US20080169333A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 | 2008-07-17 | Shelton Frederick E | Surgical stapler end effector with tapered distal end |
| ES2520765T3 (es) | 2007-02-15 | 2014-11-11 | Allergan, Inc. | Uso de toxina botulínica para el tratamiento de hiperhidrosis |
| US7438209B1 (en) | 2007-03-15 | 2008-10-21 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical stapling instruments having a releasable staple-forming pocket |
| WO2008151022A2 (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Anterios, Inc. | Nucleic acid nanoparticles and uses therefor |
| US8931682B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2015-01-13 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Robotically-controlled shaft based rotary drive systems for surgical instruments |
| US11857181B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2024-01-02 | Cilag Gmbh International | Robotically-controlled shaft based rotary drive systems for surgical instruments |
| WO2008157513A1 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-24 | Baxano, Inc. | Devices and methods for measuring the space around a nerve root |
| US7753245B2 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2010-07-13 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical stapling instruments |
| US11849941B2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2023-12-26 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge having staple cavities extending at a transverse angle relative to a longitudinal cartridge axis |
| CN101450035B (zh) * | 2007-12-07 | 2010-09-29 | 福建医科大学附属协和医院 | 一种用于肿瘤局部消融治疗的双重缓释生物制剂 |
| US8192436B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2012-06-05 | Baxano, Inc. | Tissue modification devices |
| US9044477B2 (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2015-06-02 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxin formulation |
| ES2718612T3 (es) | 2007-12-20 | 2019-07-03 | Evonik Corp | Procedimiento para preparar micropartículas que tienen un bajo volumen de disolvente residual |
| US8437938B2 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2013-05-07 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Axle torque based cruise control |
| JP5410110B2 (ja) | 2008-02-14 | 2014-02-05 | エシコン・エンド−サージェリィ・インコーポレイテッド | Rf電極を有する外科用切断・固定器具 |
| US7819298B2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2010-10-26 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical stapling apparatus with control features operable with one hand |
| US8636736B2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2014-01-28 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Motorized surgical cutting and fastening instrument |
| US8573465B2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2013-11-05 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Robotically-controlled surgical end effector system with rotary actuated closure systems |
| US7866527B2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2011-01-11 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical stapling apparatus with interlockable firing system |
| US11986183B2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2024-05-21 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical cutting and fastening instrument comprising a plurality of sensors to measure an electrical parameter |
| US9179912B2 (en) | 2008-02-14 | 2015-11-10 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Robotically-controlled motorized surgical cutting and fastening instrument |
| US10390823B2 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2019-08-27 | Ethicon Llc | End effector comprising an adjunct |
| US8483831B1 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2013-07-09 | Holaira, Inc. | System and method for bronchial dilation |
| US9107815B2 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2015-08-18 | Allergan, Inc. | Sustained release poloxamer containing pharmaceutical compositions |
| US8470337B2 (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2013-06-25 | Allergan, Inc. | Therapeutic treatments using botulinum neurotoxin |
| US8617571B2 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2013-12-31 | Allergan, Inc. | Suture line administration technique using botulinum toxin |
| US8088127B2 (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2012-01-03 | Innovative Pulmonary Solutions, Inc. | Systems, assemblies, and methods for treating a bronchial tree |
| MX379265B (es) | 2008-06-26 | 2025-03-11 | Anterios Inc | Aplicacion dérmica de toxina botulínica en nanoemulsiones para usarse en el tratamiento de trastornos de la piel. |
| US8409206B2 (en) | 2008-07-01 | 2013-04-02 | Baxano, Inc. | Tissue modification devices and methods |
| US9314253B2 (en) | 2008-07-01 | 2016-04-19 | Amendia, Inc. | Tissue modification devices and methods |
| US8398641B2 (en) | 2008-07-01 | 2013-03-19 | Baxano, Inc. | Tissue modification devices and methods |
| CA2730732A1 (en) | 2008-07-14 | 2010-01-21 | Baxano, Inc. | Tissue modification devices |
| US20100028385A1 (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-04 | Allergan, Inc. | Treatment of excess cerumen secretion |
| US8210411B2 (en) | 2008-09-23 | 2012-07-03 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Motor-driven surgical cutting instrument |
| US9005230B2 (en) | 2008-09-23 | 2015-04-14 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Motorized surgical instrument |
| US11648005B2 (en) | 2008-09-23 | 2023-05-16 | Cilag Gmbh International | Robotically-controlled motorized surgical instrument with an end effector |
| US9386983B2 (en) | 2008-09-23 | 2016-07-12 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Robotically-controlled motorized surgical instrument |
| US8608045B2 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2013-12-17 | Ethicon Endo-Sugery, Inc. | Powered surgical cutting and stapling apparatus with manually retractable firing system |
| WO2010096134A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 | 2010-08-26 | Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. | Extended length botulinum toxin formulation for human or mammalian use |
| US20100166739A1 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-01 | Lipella Paharmaceuticals Inc. | Methods and Compositions for Diagnosing Urological Disorders |
| US8652129B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2014-02-18 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Apparatus, systems, and methods for achieving intravascular, thermally-induced renal neuromodulation |
| AU2009332947C1 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2019-01-03 | Revance Therapeutics, Inc. | Injectable botulinum toxin formulations |
| AU2010223872B2 (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2014-05-01 | Baxano, Inc. | Flexible neural localization devices and methods |
| CA2766649C (en) | 2009-06-24 | 2016-08-23 | Charles N.S. Soparkar | Zinc supplementation to increase responsiveness to metalloprotease therapy |
| US8394102B2 (en) | 2009-06-25 | 2013-03-12 | Baxano, Inc. | Surgical tools for treatment of spinal stenosis |
| EP2445521A4 (en) | 2009-06-25 | 2015-08-26 | Revance Therapeutics Inc | ALBUMINE-FREE BOTULINUM TOXIN FORMULATIONS |
| EP2456490B1 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2019-06-12 | Richard B. North | Spinal cord stimulation lead anchor |
| US20110091518A1 (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2011-04-21 | Danielle Biggs | Implant devices having varying bioactive agent loading configurations |
| WO2011038015A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 | 2011-03-31 | Allergan, Inc. | Method of treating osteoporosis with a neurotoxin |
| AU2010315396B2 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2016-05-05 | Nuvaira, Inc | Delivery devices with coolable energy emitting assemblies |
| US20110106076A1 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-05 | Gregorio Hernandez Zendejas | Myoablation system |
| US8911439B2 (en) | 2009-11-11 | 2014-12-16 | Holaira, Inc. | Non-invasive and minimally invasive denervation methods and systems for performing the same |
| JP6000851B2 (ja) | 2009-11-11 | 2016-10-05 | ホライラ, インコーポレイテッド | 組織治療および狭窄制御のためのシステム、装置、および方法 |
| US20110137305A1 (en) * | 2009-12-06 | 2011-06-09 | Gregorio Hernandez Zendejas | Thermal neuroablator |
| US8220688B2 (en) | 2009-12-24 | 2012-07-17 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Motor-driven surgical cutting instrument with electric actuator directional control assembly |
| US8851354B2 (en) | 2009-12-24 | 2014-10-07 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical cutting instrument that analyzes tissue thickness |
| US8825164B2 (en) | 2010-06-11 | 2014-09-02 | Enteromedics Inc. | Neural modulation devices and methods |
| US8865220B2 (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2014-10-21 | Kaohsiung Medical University | Method for controlled release of parathyroid hormone from encapsulated poly(lactic-glycolic)acid microspheres |
| US8783543B2 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2014-07-22 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Tissue acquisition arrangements and methods for surgical stapling devices |
| US11925354B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2024-03-12 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising staples positioned within a compressible portion thereof |
| US9386988B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2016-07-12 | Ethicon End-Surgery, LLC | Retainer assembly including a tissue thickness compensator |
| US9272406B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2016-03-01 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Fastener cartridge comprising a cutting member for releasing a tissue thickness compensator |
| US10945731B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2021-03-16 | Ethicon Llc | Tissue thickness compensator comprising controlled release and expansion |
| US20120080336A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-05 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Staple cartridge comprising staples positioned within a compressible portion thereof |
| US9241714B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2016-01-26 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Tissue thickness compensator and method for making the same |
| US9629814B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2017-04-25 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Tissue thickness compensator configured to redistribute compressive forces |
| US12213666B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2025-02-04 | Cilag Gmbh International | Tissue thickness compensator comprising layers |
| US11298125B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | Cilag Gmbh International | Tissue stapler having a thickness compensator |
| US11812965B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2023-11-14 | Cilag Gmbh International | Layer of material for a surgical end effector |
| US8695866B2 (en) | 2010-10-01 | 2014-04-15 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Surgical instrument having a power control circuit |
| CN107007348B (zh) | 2010-10-25 | 2019-05-31 | 美敦力Af卢森堡有限责任公司 | 用于神经调节治疗的估算及反馈的装置、系统及方法 |
| US20120195878A1 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-02 | Allergan, Inc. | Protocol for the administration of botulinum toxins |
| EP2907504B1 (en) | 2011-02-08 | 2017-06-28 | Halozyme, Inc. | Composition and lipid formulation of a hyaluronan-degrading enzyme and the use thereof for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| CN104053407B (zh) | 2011-04-29 | 2016-10-26 | 伊西康内外科公司 | 包括定位在其可压缩部分内的钉的钉仓 |
| US8697090B2 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2014-04-15 | Allergan, Inc. | Method of treating persistent genital arousal disorder with a neurotoxin |
| US11207064B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2021-12-28 | Cilag Gmbh International | Automated end effector component reloading system for use with a robotic system |
| WO2013009625A1 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-17 | Allergan, Inc. | Method for treatment of autonomic nervous system disorders |
| US8992941B2 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2015-03-31 | Allergan, Inc. | Method for treatment of esophageal spasm |
| CN103813802A (zh) | 2011-07-14 | 2014-05-21 | 阿勒根公司 | 用于治疗与性活动相关的失禁的方法 |
| AU2012283968B2 (en) | 2011-07-20 | 2016-04-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxins for use in a method for treatment of adipose deposits |
| US9750568B2 (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2017-09-05 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Ovarian neuromodulation and associated systems and methods |
| CN104271062B (zh) | 2012-03-08 | 2017-07-07 | 美敦力Af卢森堡有限责任公司 | 采用神经调节装置的生物标志物取样和相关系统及方法 |
| MX358135B (es) | 2012-03-28 | 2018-08-06 | Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc | Compensador de grosor de tejido que comprende una pluralidad de capas. |
| BR112014024098B1 (pt) | 2012-03-28 | 2021-05-25 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | cartucho de grampos |
| US9393291B2 (en) | 2012-04-12 | 2016-07-19 | Botulinum Toxin Research Associates, Inc. | Use of botulinum toxin for the treatment of cerebrovascular disease, renovascular and retinovascular circulatory beds |
| US9101358B2 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2015-08-11 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Articulatable surgical instrument comprising a firing drive |
| BR112014032703B1 (pt) * | 2012-06-26 | 2022-04-26 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc | Conjunto de cartucho de grampos para uso com um grampeador cirúrgico |
| US9282974B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2016-03-15 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Empty clip cartridge lockout |
| BR112014032776B1 (pt) | 2012-06-28 | 2021-09-08 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc | Sistema de instrumento cirúrgico e kit cirúrgico para uso com um sistema de instrumento cirúrgico |
| US9289256B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2016-03-22 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Surgical end effectors having angled tissue-contacting surfaces |
| US12383267B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2025-08-12 | Cilag Gmbh International | Robotically powered surgical device with manually-actuatable reversing system |
| RU2636861C2 (ru) | 2012-06-28 | 2017-11-28 | Этикон Эндо-Серджери, Инк. | Блокировка пустой кассеты с клипсами |
| US20140001231A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-02 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Firing system lockout arrangements for surgical instruments |
| US9364230B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2016-06-14 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Surgical stapling instruments with rotary joint assemblies |
| US11197671B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2021-12-14 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling assembly comprising a lockout |
| US20140110296A1 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2014-04-24 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Packaging for Catheter Treatment Devices and Associated Devices, Systems, and Methods |
| EP2732832A3 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2015-07-01 | Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen (UMCG) | Drug delivery device comprising an active compound and a thermo-sensitive polymeric material |
| US9398933B2 (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2016-07-26 | Holaira, Inc. | Methods for improving drug efficacy including a combination of drug administration and nerve modulation |
| MX368026B (es) | 2013-03-01 | 2019-09-12 | Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc | Instrumento quirúrgico articulable con vías conductoras para la comunicación de la señal. |
| BR112015021082B1 (pt) | 2013-03-01 | 2022-05-10 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc | Instrumento cirúrgico |
| US9629629B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-04-25 | Ethicon Endo-Surgey, LLC | Control systems for surgical instruments |
| US20140271717A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-18 | Kyphon Sarl | Devices containing a chemical denervation agent and methods for treating chronic back pain using chemical denervation |
| US9844368B2 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2017-12-19 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical system comprising first and second drive systems |
| BR112015026109B1 (pt) | 2013-04-16 | 2022-02-22 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc | Instrumento cirúrgico |
| BR112016003329B1 (pt) | 2013-08-23 | 2021-12-21 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Instrumento cirúrgico |
| US9775609B2 (en) | 2013-08-23 | 2017-10-03 | Ethicon Llc | Tamper proof circuit for surgical instrument battery pack |
| US10149893B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2018-12-11 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for modifying progression of osteoarthritis |
| US12232723B2 (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2025-02-25 | Cilag Gmbh International | Systems and methods for controlling a segmented circuit |
| US9750499B2 (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2017-09-05 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical stapling instrument system |
| US9804618B2 (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2017-10-31 | Ethicon Llc | Systems and methods for controlling a segmented circuit |
| BR112016021943B1 (pt) | 2014-03-26 | 2022-06-14 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Instrumento cirúrgico para uso por um operador em um procedimento cirúrgico |
| US10194979B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-02-05 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for catheter-based renal neuromodulation |
| US10194980B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2019-02-05 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods for catheter-based renal neuromodulation |
| US9980766B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2018-05-29 | Medtronic Ardian Luxembourg S.A.R.L. | Methods and systems for renal neuromodulation |
| US20150297223A1 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2015-10-22 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Fastener cartridges including extensions having different configurations |
| BR112016023825B1 (pt) | 2014-04-16 | 2022-08-02 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Cartucho de grampos para uso com um grampeador cirúrgico e cartucho de grampos para uso com um instrumento cirúrgico |
| US10426476B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2019-10-01 | Ethicon Llc | Circular fastener cartridges for applying radially expandable fastener lines |
| CN106456176B (zh) | 2014-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 伊西康内外科有限责任公司 | 包括具有不同构型的延伸部的紧固件仓 |
| CN106456159B (zh) | 2014-04-16 | 2019-03-08 | 伊西康内外科有限责任公司 | 紧固件仓组件和钉保持器盖布置结构 |
| US20150343036A1 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2015-12-03 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for reducing the occurrence or preventing formation of bladder calculi |
| US9901627B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2018-02-27 | Revance Therapeutics, Inc. | Topical ocular preparation of botulinum toxin for use in ocular surface disease |
| US11484580B2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2022-11-01 | Revance Therapeutics, Inc. | Topical ocular preparation of botulinum toxin for use in ocular surface disease |
| US11311294B2 (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2022-04-26 | Cilag Gmbh International | Powered medical device including measurement of closure state of jaws |
| BR112017004361B1 (pt) | 2014-09-05 | 2023-04-11 | Ethicon Llc | Sistema eletrônico para um instrumento cirúrgico |
| US20160066913A1 (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2016-03-10 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. | Local display of tissue parameter stabilization |
| WO2016040039A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-17 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treating osteoarthritis pain |
| US10105142B2 (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2018-10-23 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical stapler with plurality of cutting elements |
| US11523821B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2022-12-13 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method for creating a flexible staple line |
| CN107427300B (zh) | 2014-09-26 | 2020-12-04 | 伊西康有限责任公司 | 外科缝合支撑物和辅助材料 |
| US9924944B2 (en) | 2014-10-16 | 2018-03-27 | Ethicon Llc | Staple cartridge comprising an adjunct material |
| US10517594B2 (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2019-12-31 | Ethicon Llc | Cartridge assemblies for surgical staplers |
| US11141153B2 (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2021-10-12 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridges comprising driver arrangements |
| US9844376B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2017-12-19 | Ethicon Llc | Staple cartridge comprising a releasable adjunct material |
| US10736636B2 (en) | 2014-12-10 | 2020-08-11 | Ethicon Llc | Articulatable surgical instrument system |
| US9987000B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2018-06-05 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instrument assembly comprising a flexible articulation system |
| US10245027B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2019-04-02 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instrument with an anvil that is selectively movable about a discrete non-movable axis relative to a staple cartridge |
| US9844374B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2017-12-19 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instrument systems comprising an articulatable end effector and means for adjusting the firing stroke of a firing member |
| MX389118B (es) | 2014-12-18 | 2025-03-20 | Ethicon Llc | Instrumento quirurgico con un yunque que puede moverse de manera selectiva sobre un eje discreto no movil con relacion a un cartucho de grapas. |
| US10085748B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2018-10-02 | Ethicon Llc | Locking arrangements for detachable shaft assemblies with articulatable surgical end effectors |
| US9844375B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 | 2017-12-19 | Ethicon Llc | Drive arrangements for articulatable surgical instruments |
| US11154301B2 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2021-10-26 | Cilag Gmbh International | Modular stapling assembly |
| US10052044B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-08-21 | Ethicon Llc | Time dependent evaluation of sensor data to determine stability, creep, and viscoelastic elements of measures |
| US10441279B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2019-10-15 | Ethicon Llc | Multiple level thresholds to modify operation of powered surgical instruments |
| JP2020121162A (ja) | 2015-03-06 | 2020-08-13 | エシコン エルエルシーEthicon LLC | 測定の安定性要素、クリープ要素、及び粘弾性要素を決定するためのセンサデータの時間依存性評価 |
| US9993248B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2018-06-12 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Smart sensors with local signal processing |
| US9808246B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2017-11-07 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Method of operating a powered surgical instrument |
| WO2016149092A1 (en) | 2015-03-13 | 2016-09-22 | Allergan, Inc. | Improved injection paradigm for administration of botulinum toxins |
| US10390825B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2019-08-27 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instrument with progressive rotary drive systems |
| CH710950B1 (de) * | 2015-04-10 | 2018-11-15 | Kaba Ag | Schlüssel, Schlüsselrohling und zugehöriger Schliesszylinder mit zusätzlichem Sicherheitsmerkmal. |
| US10238386B2 (en) | 2015-09-23 | 2019-03-26 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical stapler having motor control based on an electrical parameter related to a motor current |
| US10105139B2 (en) | 2015-09-23 | 2018-10-23 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical stapler having downstream current-based motor control |
| US10299878B2 (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2019-05-28 | Ethicon Llc | Implantable adjunct systems for determining adjunct skew |
| US20170086829A1 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2017-03-30 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Compressible adjunct with intermediate supporting structures |
| US11890015B2 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2024-02-06 | Cilag Gmbh International | Compressible adjunct with crossing spacer fibers |
| US11690623B2 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2023-07-04 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method for applying an implantable layer to a fastener cartridge |
| CA3004453A1 (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-26 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxin administration for treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity associated urinary incontinence |
| US10292704B2 (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2019-05-21 | Ethicon Llc | Mechanisms for compensating for battery pack failure in powered surgical instruments |
| US10265068B2 (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2019-04-23 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instruments with separable motors and motor control circuits |
| US11213293B2 (en) | 2016-02-09 | 2022-01-04 | Cilag Gmbh International | Articulatable surgical instruments with single articulation link arrangements |
| BR112018016098B1 (pt) | 2016-02-09 | 2023-02-23 | Ethicon Llc | Instrumento cirúrgico |
| US11224426B2 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2022-01-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Mechanisms for compensating for drivetrain failure in powered surgical instruments |
| US10448948B2 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2019-10-22 | Ethicon Llc | Mechanisms for compensating for drivetrain failure in powered surgical instruments |
| US20170258878A1 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2017-09-14 | Allergan, Inc. | Bladder injeciton paradigm for administration of botulinum toxins |
| US11607239B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2023-03-21 | Cilag Gmbh International | Systems and methods for controlling a surgical stapling and cutting instrument |
| US10492783B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2019-12-03 | Ethicon, Llc | Surgical instrument with improved stop/start control during a firing motion |
| US10828028B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2020-11-10 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instrument with multiple program responses during a firing motion |
| US10357247B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2019-07-23 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instrument with multiple program responses during a firing motion |
| US11179150B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2021-11-23 | Cilag Gmbh International | Systems and methods for controlling a surgical stapling and cutting instrument |
| US10456137B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2019-10-29 | Ethicon Llc | Staple formation detection mechanisms |
| US10426467B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2019-10-01 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instrument with detection sensors |
| US20170296173A1 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-19 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Method for operating a surgical instrument |
| US10426469B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2019-10-01 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instrument comprising a primary firing lockout and a secondary firing lockout |
| US11317917B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2022-05-03 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling system comprising a lockable firing assembly |
| US10751367B2 (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2020-08-25 | Corning Incorporated | Bioactive glass microspheres |
| US10676713B2 (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2020-06-09 | Corning Incorporated | Bioactive borophosphate glasses |
| US10059621B2 (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2018-08-28 | Corning Incorporated | Magnetizable glass ceramic composition and methods thereof |
| US20170342383A1 (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2017-11-30 | Corning Incorporated | Lithium disilicate glass-ceramic compositions and methods thereof |
| US10647962B2 (en) | 2016-05-27 | 2020-05-12 | Corning Incorporated | Bioactive aluminoborate glasses |
| US10500000B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2019-12-10 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical tool with manual control of end effector jaws |
| WO2018038301A1 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-01 | Hugel Inc. | Stabilized liquid formulation of botulinum toxin and preparation method thereof |
| ES2917248T3 (es) | 2016-08-26 | 2022-07-07 | Sk Joint Ventures Ii Llc | Formulaciones de polímeros biodegradables para aumentar la eficacia de la toxina botulínica |
| BR112019004935A2 (pt) | 2016-09-13 | 2019-06-04 | Allergan, Inc. | composições de toxina clostridial não proteíca estabilizada |
| EP3538117A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2019-09-18 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for alleviating histamine-independent pruritus using neurotoxins |
| AU2017360346B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2023-11-23 | Eirion Therapeutics, Inc. | Transdermal delivery of large agents |
| US20180168615A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-21 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Method of deforming staples from two different types of staple cartridges with the same surgical stapling instrument |
| US10639034B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2020-05-05 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instruments with lockout arrangements for preventing firing system actuation unless an unspent staple cartridge is present |
| CN110099619B (zh) | 2016-12-21 | 2022-07-15 | 爱惜康有限责任公司 | 用于外科端部执行器和可替换工具组件的闭锁装置 |
| US10568624B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2020-02-25 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instruments with jaws that are pivotable about a fixed axis and include separate and distinct closure and firing systems |
| CN110114014B (zh) | 2016-12-21 | 2022-08-09 | 爱惜康有限责任公司 | 包括端部执行器闭锁件和击发组件闭锁件的外科器械系统 |
| US11191539B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2021-12-07 | Cilag Gmbh International | Shaft assembly comprising a manually-operable retraction system for use with a motorized surgical instrument system |
| US11090048B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2021-08-17 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method for resetting a fuse of a surgical instrument shaft |
| JP7010957B2 (ja) | 2016-12-21 | 2022-01-26 | エシコン エルエルシー | ロックアウトを備えるシャフトアセンブリ |
| US20180168619A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-21 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Surgical stapling systems |
| US10610224B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2020-04-07 | Ethicon Llc | Lockout arrangements for surgical end effectors and replaceable tool assemblies |
| MX2019007311A (es) | 2016-12-21 | 2019-11-18 | Ethicon Llc | Sistemas de engrapado quirurgico. |
| US20180168625A1 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-21 | Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Llc | Surgical stapling instruments with smart staple cartridges |
| US11419606B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2022-08-23 | Cilag Gmbh International | Shaft assembly comprising a clutch configured to adapt the output of a rotary firing member to two different systems |
| JP2020501815A (ja) | 2016-12-21 | 2020-01-23 | エシコン エルエルシーEthicon LLC | 外科用ステープル留めシステム |
| JP7010956B2 (ja) | 2016-12-21 | 2022-01-26 | エシコン エルエルシー | 組織をステープル留めする方法 |
| MX2019014349A (es) | 2017-05-31 | 2020-07-28 | Allergan Inc | Neurotoxina botulinica para el tratamiento de trastornos asociados con hiperactividad de los melanocitos y/o exceso de melanina. |
| US10881399B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2021-01-05 | Ethicon Llc | Techniques for adaptive control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument |
| US11517325B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2022-12-06 | Cilag Gmbh International | Closed loop feedback control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument based on measured displacement distance traveled over a specified time interval |
| US10779820B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2020-09-22 | Ethicon Llc | Systems and methods for controlling motor speed according to user input for a surgical instrument |
| US11382638B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2022-07-12 | Cilag Gmbh International | Closed loop feedback control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument based on measured time over a specified displacement distance |
| US10307170B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2019-06-04 | Ethicon Llc | Method for closed loop control of motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument |
| US11653914B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 | 2023-05-23 | Cilag Gmbh International | Systems and methods for controlling motor velocity of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument according to articulation angle of end effector |
| US10993716B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2021-05-04 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical anvil arrangements |
| US11266405B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2022-03-08 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical anvil manufacturing methods |
| US11324503B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 | 2022-05-10 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical firing member arrangements |
| US11696759B2 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2023-07-11 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling instruments comprising shortened staple cartridge noses |
| US11246592B2 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2022-02-15 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising an articulation system lockable to a frame |
| USD906355S1 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | Ethicon Llc | Display screen or portion thereof with a graphical user interface for a surgical instrument |
| BR112019027065B1 (pt) | 2017-06-28 | 2023-12-26 | Ethicon Llc | Instrumento cirúrgico e sistema cirúrgico |
| US10786253B2 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2020-09-29 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical end effectors with improved jaw aperture arrangements |
| EP3420947B1 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2022-05-25 | Cilag GmbH International | Surgical instrument comprising selectively actuatable rotatable couplers |
| US10765427B2 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2020-09-08 | Ethicon Llc | Method for articulating a surgical instrument |
| US11564686B2 (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2023-01-31 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical shaft assemblies with flexible interfaces |
| US10932772B2 (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2021-03-02 | Ethicon Llc | Methods for closed loop velocity control for robotic surgical instrument |
| US11944300B2 (en) | 2017-08-03 | 2024-04-02 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method for operating a surgical system bailout |
| US11974742B2 (en) | 2017-08-03 | 2024-05-07 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical system comprising an articulation bailout |
| US11304695B2 (en) | 2017-08-03 | 2022-04-19 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical system shaft interconnection |
| US11471155B2 (en) | 2017-08-03 | 2022-10-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical system bailout |
| EP3675900A4 (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2021-05-05 | Revance Therapeutics, Inc. | Transmucosal botulinum toxin compositions, kits, and methods for treating bladder disorders |
| US11399829B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2022-08-02 | Cilag Gmbh International | Systems and methods of initiating a power shutdown mode for a surgical instrument |
| US10743872B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-08-18 | Ethicon Llc | System and methods for controlling a display of a surgical instrument |
| EP3470054B1 (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2023-09-20 | Hugel Inc. | Microstructure formulation techniques for botulinum toxin |
| US10792400B2 (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2020-10-06 | Hugel Inc. | Microstructure formulation techniques for botulinum toxin |
| US10525111B2 (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2020-01-07 | Hugel, Inc. | Microstructure formulation techniques for botulinum toxin |
| US11134944B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2021-10-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapler knife motion controls |
| US10842490B2 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2020-11-24 | Ethicon Llc | Cartridge body design with force reduction based on firing completion |
| WO2019108557A1 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-06 | Corning Incorporated | Bioactive borate glass and methods thereof |
| CN111405913A (zh) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-10 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 生物活性玻璃组合物和牙本质超敏性修复 |
| WO2019108571A1 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-06 | Corning Incorporated | Chemically strengthened bioactive glass-ceramics |
| CN111433165A (zh) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-07-17 | 康宁股份有限公司 | 高液相线粘度生物活性玻璃 |
| US10779826B2 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2020-09-22 | Ethicon Llc | Methods of operating surgical end effectors |
| US10835330B2 (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2020-11-17 | Ethicon Llc | Method for determining the position of a rotatable jaw of a surgical instrument attachment assembly |
| US20190185837A1 (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-20 | Allergan, Inc. | Botulinum toxin cell binding domain polypeptides and methods of use for treatments of fibrosis associated disorders |
| US11311290B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2022-04-26 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising an end effector dampener |
| US20190192151A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instrument having a display comprising image layers |
| US12336705B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2025-06-24 | Cilag Gmbh International | Continuous use self-propelled stapling instrument |
| RU2022103924A (ru) | 2018-05-11 | 2022-02-24 | Аллерган, Инк. | Способ доставки биологических агентов из состава для местного применения |
| US20210275691A1 (en) | 2018-05-30 | 2021-09-09 | Allergan, Inc. | Screening assay to assess topical delivery of biological therapeutic agents |
| CA3105778A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 | 2020-01-09 | Allergan Pharmaceuticals International Limited | Combination therapy with cgrp antagonists and clostridial derivatives |
| US20200054321A1 (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-20 | Ethicon Llc | Surgical instruments with progressive jaw closure arrangements |
| US11291440B2 (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2022-04-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method for operating a powered articulatable surgical instrument |
| US11324501B2 (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2022-05-10 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling devices with improved closure members |
| US11207065B2 (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2021-12-28 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method for fabricating surgical stapler anvils |
| AU2019337656A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2021-05-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Methods for treatment of masseter muscle hypertrophy |
| LT3660509T (lt) | 2018-11-29 | 2022-05-10 | Hugel Inc. | Ląstelių panaudojimu paremtas būdas botulino toksino aktyvumui nustatyti |
| BR112021009554A2 (pt) | 2018-12-03 | 2021-08-17 | Eirion Therapeutics, Inc. | aplicação melhorada de agentes grandes |
| US11696761B2 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2023-07-11 | Cilag Gmbh International | Firing drive arrangements for surgical systems |
| US11147553B2 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2021-10-19 | Cilag Gmbh International | Firing drive arrangements for surgical systems |
| US11172929B2 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2021-11-16 | Cilag Gmbh International | Articulation drive arrangements for surgical systems |
| US11471157B2 (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2022-10-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Articulation control mapping for a surgical instrument |
| US11452528B2 (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2022-09-27 | Cilag Gmbh International | Articulation actuators for a surgical instrument |
| US11432816B2 (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2022-09-06 | Cilag Gmbh International | Articulation pin for a surgical instrument |
| US11426251B2 (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2022-08-30 | Cilag Gmbh International | Articulation directional lights on a surgical instrument |
| US11903581B2 (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2024-02-20 | Cilag Gmbh International | Methods for stapling tissue using a surgical instrument |
| US11648009B2 (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2023-05-16 | Cilag Gmbh International | Rotatable jaw tip for a surgical instrument |
| US11253254B2 (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2022-02-22 | Cilag Gmbh International | Shaft rotation actuator on a surgical instrument |
| US12004740B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2024-06-11 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling system having an information decryption protocol |
| US11478241B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-10-25 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge including projections |
| US11553971B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2023-01-17 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical RFID assemblies for display and communication |
| US11298127B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-04-12 | Cilag GmbH Interational | Surgical stapling system having a lockout mechanism for an incompatible cartridge |
| US11376098B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-07-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument system comprising an RFID system |
| US11298132B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-04-12 | Cilag GmbH Inlernational | Staple cartridge including a honeycomb extension |
| US11497492B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-11-15 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument including an articulation lock |
| US11399837B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-08-02 | Cilag Gmbh International | Mechanisms for motor control adjustments of a motorized surgical instrument |
| US11426167B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-08-30 | Cilag Gmbh International | Mechanisms for proper anvil attachment surgical stapling head assembly |
| US11684434B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2023-06-27 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical RFID assemblies for instrument operational setting control |
| US11627959B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2023-04-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instruments including manual and powered system lockouts |
| US11259803B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-03-01 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling system having an information encryption protocol |
| US11660163B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2023-05-30 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical system with RFID tags for updating motor assembly parameters |
| US11771419B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2023-10-03 | Cilag Gmbh International | Packaging for a replaceable component of a surgical stapling system |
| US11853835B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2023-12-26 | Cilag Gmbh International | RFID identification systems for surgical instruments |
| US11464601B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-10-11 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising an RFID system for tracking a movable component |
| US11246678B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-02-15 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling system having a frangible RFID tag |
| US11350938B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-06-07 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising an aligned rfid sensor |
| US11224497B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-01-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical systems with multiple RFID tags |
| US11638587B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2023-05-02 | Cilag Gmbh International | RFID identification systems for surgical instruments |
| US11361176B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-06-14 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical RFID assemblies for compatibility detection |
| US11523822B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-12-13 | Cilag Gmbh International | Battery pack including a circuit interrupter |
| US11291451B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-04-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument with battery compatibility verification functionality |
| US20210121541A1 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2021-04-29 | Allergan Pharmaceuticals International Limited | CGRP Antagonists and Clostridial Derivatives for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders |
| WO2021005493A1 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-14 | Allergan Pharmaceuticals International Limited | Cgrp antagonists and botulinum toxins for the treatment of inflammatory and neurologic disorders |
| US20210128724A1 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2021-05-06 | Allergan Pharmaceuticals International Limited | Cgrp antagonists and clostridial derivatives for the treatment of cortical spreading depression associated disorders |
| KR20220029740A (ko) | 2019-07-05 | 2022-03-08 | 알러간, 인코포레이티드 | 발작을 치료하고 그의 진행을 억제하는 방법 |
| US12246024B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2025-03-11 | Free State Pharma Inc | Compositions and methods for controlling cerumen production |
| US11911032B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2024-02-27 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a seating cam |
| US11234698B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-02-01 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling system comprising a clamp lockout and a firing lockout |
| US11931033B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2024-03-19 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a latch lockout |
| US11607219B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2023-03-21 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a detachable tissue cutting knife |
| US11464512B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-10-11 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a curved deck surface |
| US11529137B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-12-20 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising driver retention members |
| US11291447B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-04-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling instrument comprising independent jaw closing and staple firing systems |
| US11576672B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2023-02-14 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a closure system including a closure member and an opening member driven by a drive screw |
| US11844520B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2023-12-19 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising driver retention members |
| US11304696B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-04-19 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a powered articulation system |
| US11504122B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-11-22 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a nested firing member |
| US11559304B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2023-01-24 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a rapid closure mechanism |
| US11446029B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-09-20 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising projections extending from a curved deck surface |
| US11529139B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2022-12-20 | Cilag Gmbh International | Motor driven surgical instrument |
| US11701111B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2023-07-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method for operating a surgical stapling instrument |
| US12035913B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2024-07-16 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a deployable knife |
| USD976401S1 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-01-24 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge |
| USD975851S1 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-01-17 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge |
| USD975278S1 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-01-10 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge |
| USD967421S1 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2022-10-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge |
| USD966512S1 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2022-10-11 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge |
| USD975850S1 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-01-17 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge |
| USD974560S1 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-01-03 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge |
| US11974741B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2024-05-07 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instruments with differential articulation joint arrangements for accommodating flexible actuators |
| US11452526B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2022-09-27 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a staged voltage regulation start-up system |
| US11896217B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2024-02-13 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising an articulation lock |
| US11617577B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2023-04-04 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a sensor configured to sense whether an articulation drive of the surgical instrument is actuatable |
| USD980425S1 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2023-03-07 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument assembly |
| US11717289B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2023-08-08 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising an indicator which indicates that an articulation drive is actuatable |
| US11931025B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2024-03-19 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a releasable closure drive lock |
| USD1013170S1 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2024-01-30 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument assembly |
| US11534259B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2022-12-27 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising an articulation indicator |
| US12053175B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2024-08-06 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a stowed closure actuator stop |
| US11517390B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2022-12-06 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a limited travel switch |
| US11844518B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2023-12-19 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method for operating a surgical instrument |
| US11779330B2 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2023-10-10 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a jaw alignment system |
| US11653920B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2023-05-23 | Cilag Gmbh International | Powered surgical instruments with communication interfaces through sterile barrier |
| US11653915B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2023-05-23 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instruments with sled location detection and adjustment features |
| US11890010B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2024-02-06 | Cllag GmbH International | Dual-sided reinforced reload for surgical instruments |
| US11737751B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2023-08-29 | Cilag Gmbh International | Devices and methods of managing energy dissipated within sterile barriers of surgical instrument housings |
| US11744581B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2023-09-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Powered surgical instruments with multi-phase tissue treatment |
| US11678882B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2023-06-20 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instruments with interactive features to remedy incidental sled movements |
| US12471982B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2025-11-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method for tissue treatment by surgical instrument |
| US11849943B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2023-12-26 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument with cartridge release mechanisms |
| US11944296B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2024-04-02 | Cilag Gmbh International | Powered surgical instruments with external connectors |
| US11627960B2 (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2023-04-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Powered surgical instruments with smart reload with separately attachable exteriorly mounted wiring connections |
| US11812964B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2023-11-14 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a power management circuit |
| US11950777B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2024-04-09 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising an information access control system |
| US12108951B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2024-10-08 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a sensing array and a temperature control system |
| US11696757B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2023-07-11 | Cilag Gmbh International | Monitoring of internal systems to detect and track cartridge motion status |
| US12324580B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2025-06-10 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method of powering and communicating with a staple cartridge |
| US11925349B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2024-03-12 | Cilag Gmbh International | Adjustment to transfer parameters to improve available power |
| US11701113B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2023-07-18 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling instrument comprising a separate power antenna and a data transfer antenna |
| US11723657B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2023-08-15 | Cilag Gmbh International | Adjustable communication based on available bandwidth and power capacity |
| US11744583B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2023-09-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Distal communication array to tune frequency of RF systems |
| US11751869B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2023-09-12 | Cilag Gmbh International | Monitoring of multiple sensors over time to detect moving characteristics of tissue |
| US11730473B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2023-08-22 | Cilag Gmbh International | Monitoring of manufacturing life-cycle |
| US11749877B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2023-09-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling instrument comprising a signal antenna |
| US11950779B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2024-04-09 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method of powering and communicating with a staple cartridge |
| US11980362B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2024-05-14 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument system comprising a power transfer coil |
| US11793514B2 (en) | 2021-02-26 | 2023-10-24 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising sensor array which may be embedded in cartridge body |
| US11806011B2 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2023-11-07 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling instrument comprising tissue compression systems |
| US11826042B2 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2023-11-28 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument comprising a firing drive including a selectable leverage mechanism |
| US11723658B2 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2023-08-15 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising a firing lockout |
| US11717291B2 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2023-08-08 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising staples configured to apply different tissue compression |
| US11759202B2 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2023-09-19 | Cilag Gmbh International | Staple cartridge comprising an implantable layer |
| US11826012B2 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2023-11-28 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling instrument comprising a pulsed motor-driven firing rack |
| US11737749B2 (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2023-08-29 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling instrument comprising a retraction system |
| US11786243B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2023-10-17 | Cilag Gmbh International | Firing members having flexible portions for adapting to a load during a surgical firing stroke |
| US11744603B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2023-09-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Multi-axis pivot joints for surgical instruments and methods for manufacturing same |
| US11793516B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2023-10-24 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical staple cartridge comprising longitudinal support beam |
| US11786239B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2023-10-17 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical instrument articulation joint arrangements comprising multiple moving linkage features |
| US11903582B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2024-02-20 | Cilag Gmbh International | Leveraging surfaces for cartridge installation |
| US11944336B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2024-04-02 | Cilag Gmbh International | Joint arrangements for multi-planar alignment and support of operational drive shafts in articulatable surgical instruments |
| US11896219B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2024-02-13 | Cilag Gmbh International | Mating features between drivers and underside of a cartridge deck |
| US12102323B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2024-10-01 | Cilag Gmbh International | Rotary-driven surgical stapling assembly comprising a floatable component |
| US11849944B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2023-12-26 | Cilag Gmbh International | Drivers for fastener cartridge assemblies having rotary drive screws |
| US11896218B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2024-02-13 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method of using a powered stapling device |
| US11857183B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2024-01-02 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling assembly components having metal substrates and plastic bodies |
| US11832816B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2023-12-05 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling assembly comprising nonplanar staples and planar staples |
| US11849945B2 (en) | 2021-03-24 | 2023-12-26 | Cilag Gmbh International | Rotary-driven surgical stapling assembly comprising eccentrically driven firing member |
| US20220378425A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling instrument comprising a control system that controls a firing stroke length |
| US11980363B2 (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2024-05-14 | Cilag Gmbh International | Row-to-row staple array variations |
| US11877745B2 (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2024-01-23 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling assembly having longitudinally-repeating staple leg clusters |
| US12239317B2 (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2025-03-04 | Cilag Gmbh International | Anvil comprising an arrangement of forming pockets proximal to tissue stop |
| US11957337B2 (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2024-04-16 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling assembly with offset ramped drive surfaces |
| US12089841B2 (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2024-09-17 | Cilag CmbH International | Staple cartridge identification systems |
| US12432790B2 (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2025-09-30 | Cilag Gmbh International | Method and device for transmitting UART communications over a security short range wireless communication |
| US11937816B2 (en) | 2021-10-28 | 2024-03-26 | Cilag Gmbh International | Electrical lead arrangements for surgical instruments |
| WO2023091469A1 (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-05-25 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Targeting periosteal tissue for delivery of therapeutics |
| US20250295741A1 (en) | 2022-11-07 | 2025-09-25 | Allergan, Inc. | Prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation with a botulinum toxin |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL280825A (zh) | 1962-07-11 | |||
| JPS505801B1 (zh) | 1964-07-10 | 1975-03-07 | ||
| BE744162A (fr) | 1969-01-16 | 1970-06-15 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Procede d'encapsulage |
| US3773919A (en) | 1969-10-23 | 1973-11-20 | Du Pont | Polylactide-drug mixtures |
| DE2010115A1 (de) | 1970-03-04 | 1971-09-16 | Farbenfabriken Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mikrogranulaten |
| US4389330A (en) | 1980-10-06 | 1983-06-21 | Stolle Research And Development Corporation | Microencapsulation process |
| IE52535B1 (en) | 1981-02-16 | 1987-12-09 | Ici Plc | Continuous release pharmaceutical compositions |
| US4474572A (en) | 1981-09-29 | 1984-10-02 | Syntex (U.S.A.) Inc. | Implanting device and implant magazine |
| US5019400A (en) | 1989-05-01 | 1991-05-28 | Enzytech, Inc. | Very low temperature casting of controlled release microspheres |
| US5183462A (en) | 1990-08-21 | 1993-02-02 | Associated Synapse Biologics | Controlled administration of chemodenervating pharmaceuticals |
| US5401243A (en) | 1990-08-21 | 1995-03-28 | Associated Synapse Biologics | Controlled administration of chemodenervating pharmaceuticals |
| ES2107051T3 (es) | 1992-09-21 | 1997-11-16 | Upjohn Co | Formulaciones de proteinas de liberacion sostenida. |
| WO1994012158A1 (en) | 1992-12-02 | 1994-06-09 | Alkermes Controlled Therapeutics, Inc. | Controlled release growth hormone containing microspheres |
| JP4381477B2 (ja) | 1993-01-15 | 2009-12-09 | ボツリヌム トキシン リサーチ アソシエイト インコーポレイテッド | 筋膜疼痛症候群の治療方法 |
| EP1099445A3 (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 2001-09-05 | Allergan, Inc. | Treatment of neuromuscular disorders and conditions with different botulinum serotype |
| US5902565A (en) | 1993-12-24 | 1999-05-11 | Csl Limited | Spray dried vaccine preparation comprising aluminium adsorbed immunogens |
| US5538733A (en) * | 1994-07-07 | 1996-07-23 | Willmar Poultry Company, Inc. | Method of priming an immune response in a one-day old animal |
| GB9508204D0 (en) | 1995-04-21 | 1995-06-07 | Speywood Lab Ltd | A novel agent able to modify peripheral afferent function |
| US5773019A (en) | 1995-09-27 | 1998-06-30 | The University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Implantable controlled release device to deliver drugs directly to an internal portion of the body |
| US6007843A (en) | 1995-09-29 | 1999-12-28 | Lam Pharmaceuticals Corp. | Sustained release delivery system |
| US5980945A (en) | 1996-01-16 | 1999-11-09 | Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applications Scientifique S.A. | Sustained release drug formulations |
| US5980948A (en) | 1996-08-16 | 1999-11-09 | Osteotech, Inc. | Polyetherester copolymers as drug delivery matrices |
| US6063768A (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 2000-05-16 | First; Eric R. | Application of botulinum toxin to the management of neurogenic inflammatory disorders |
| US6022554A (en) | 1997-12-15 | 2000-02-08 | American Home Products Corporation | Polymeric microporous film coated subcutaneous implant |
| AU2340299A (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 1999-08-09 | University Of Massachusetts | Biologically active hemagglutinin from type a (clostridium botulinum) and methods of use |
| US6306423B1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2001-10-23 | Allergan Sales, Inc. | Neurotoxin implant |
-
2000
- 2000-06-02 US US09/587,250 patent/US6306423B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-21 US US09/624,003 patent/US6312708B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-05-21 TW TW090112093A patent/TWI250020B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-25 EP EP01952135A patent/EP1289504B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-25 ES ES01952135T patent/ES2259665T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-05-25 AU AU7292701A patent/AU7292701A/xx active Pending
- 2001-05-25 WO PCT/US2001/017164 patent/WO2001093827A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-05-25 KR KR1020027016251A patent/KR100732810B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-25 AU AU2001265043A patent/AU2001265043A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-25 AU AU2001272927A patent/AU2001272927B8/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-05-25 JP JP2002501400A patent/JP2003535117A/ja active Pending
- 2001-05-25 WO PCT/US2001/017166 patent/WO2001093890A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-05-25 CN CNB018137598A patent/CN100536915C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-25 CA CA002411277A patent/CA2411277C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-25 BR BR0111300-3A patent/BR0111300A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-25 NZ NZ522611A patent/NZ522611A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-05-25 AT AT01952135T patent/ATE322251T1/de active
- 2001-05-25 EP EP06000011A patent/EP1655023A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-05-25 DE DE60118550T patent/DE60118550T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-01 AR ARP010102646A patent/AR028669A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2001-08-07 US US09/923,631 patent/US6383509B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-10-04 US US09/971,424 patent/US6506399B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-03-11 US US10/096,501 patent/US6585993B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-01-11 JP JP2012003327A patent/JP2012067144A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI250020B (en) | Neurotoxin implant | |
| US20040033241A1 (en) | Controlled release botulinum toxin system | |
| US20040170665A1 (en) | Intravitreal botulinum toxin implant | |
| KR101081667B1 (ko) | 경구 투여용 보툴리눔 독소 제형 | |
| US8007828B2 (en) | Stabilized biodegradable neurotoxin implants | |
| AU2001272927A1 (en) | Neurotoxin implant | |
| US20040253274A1 (en) | Use of a clostridial toxin to reduce appetite | |
| US20050214327A1 (en) | Neurotoxin-containing suppositories and related methods | |
| AU2011253655B2 (en) | Stabilized biodegradable neurotoxin implants |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |