TWM452995U - Plate-like building materials - Google Patents
Plate-like building materials Download PDFInfo
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- TWM452995U TWM452995U TW102200048U TW102200048U TWM452995U TW M452995 U TWM452995 U TW M452995U TW 102200048 U TW102200048 U TW 102200048U TW 102200048 U TW102200048 U TW 102200048U TW M452995 U TWM452995 U TW M452995U
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- plate
- building material
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- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001910 maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011464 hollow brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
- E04C2/243—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 one at least of the material being insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
- E04C2/246—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 combinations of materials fully covered by E04C2/16 and E04C2/20
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/139—Open-ended, self-supporting conduit, cylinder, or tube-type article
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24744—Longitudinal or transverse tubular cavity or cell
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本創作是關於一種板狀建材，特別是一種利用保留原始狀稻殼或麥殼的條狀纖維單元與填充物及偶合物結合而成的板狀建材。The present invention relates to a plate-like building material, in particular to a plate-like building material obtained by combining a strip-shaped fiber unit that retains the original rice husk or wheat hull with a filler and a conjugate.
木材在生活中是最常被使用的材料之一，其天然形成的木質纖維與紋路，兼具美觀及強度，舉凡各種建築、家具等等，無不見其蹤影。然而，隨著木製品、紙漿需求的增加，樹木的砍伐日益嚴重，盜伐也層出不窮；另一方面，樹木生長緩慢，人工造林緩不濟急，生態環境大受影響。就使用上而言，木材易受潮變形、蟲蛀及老化腐壞。就造價而言，硬質的優良木材成本也高。若是以石化製品如塑膠等等來完全取代木材，汙染較高且其廢棄物不易處理。又一般合板類製品，結構強度又稍嫌不足。Wood is one of the most commonly used materials in life. Its naturally formed wood fiber and grain have both beauty and strength, and all kinds of buildings, furniture, etc. are all missing. However, with the increase in the demand for wood products and pulp, the deforestation of trees has become increasingly serious, and the logging has also emerged in an endless stream; on the other hand, trees are growing slowly, artificial afforestation is slow, and the ecological environment is greatly affected. In terms of use, the wood is susceptible to moisture deformation, insects and aging. In terms of cost, hard and good wood costs are also high. If the wood is completely replaced by petrochemical products such as plastics, the pollution is high and the waste is not easy to handle. In addition, the general plywood products have a little structural strength.
因此，如何發展一種環保且耐用的建材，是目前亟需努力的課題。Therefore, how to develop an environmentally-friendly and durable building material is an urgent task.
本創作提供一種板狀建材，其利用保留原始狀稻殼或麥殼的條狀纖維單元，與填充物及偶合物結合而成板狀建材。如此，保留稻殼或麥殼的纖維增強了建材強度，稻殼或麥殼來源也易於取得，並且減少了木材與石化塑料的使用。The present invention provides a plate-like building material which is formed into a plate-like building material by using a strip fiber unit which retains the original rice husk or wheat hull, and is combined with a filler and a conjugate. Thus, fibers that retain rice husks or wheat hulls enhance the strength of the building materials, and the source of rice husks or husks is also readily available, and the use of wood and petrochemical plastics is reduced.
本創作一實施例之板狀建材包含多個條狀纖維單元、一填充 物以及一偶合物。多個條狀纖維單元係由原始狀的多個稻殼組成，其中多個稻殼呈現纖維軸向的不規則排列，且多個稻殼之間形成分散的數個空隙。填充物用以填補多個稻殼之間分散的數個空隙，並結合多個條狀纖維單元，以形成板狀外觀。偶合物則分布於多個條狀纖維單元與填充物之介面，用以強化多個條狀纖維單元與填充物之結合。The plate-shaped building material of one embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of strip fiber units, a filling And a conjugate. The plurality of strip fiber units are composed of a plurality of raw rice husks, wherein the plurality of rice husks exhibit an irregular arrangement of fiber axial directions, and a plurality of discrete voids are formed between the plurality of rice husks. The filler is used to fill a plurality of voids dispersed between the plurality of rice husks, and combines a plurality of strip fiber units to form a plate-like appearance. The conjugate is distributed over the interface between the plurality of strip fiber units and the filler to strengthen the combination of the plurality of strip fiber units and the filler.
本創作另一實施例之板狀建材包含多個條狀纖維單元、一填充物以及一偶合物。多個條狀纖維單元係由原始狀的多個麥殼組成，其中多個麥殼呈現纖維軸向的不規則排列，且多個麥殼之間形成分散的數個空隙。填充物用以填補多個麥殼之間分散的數個空隙，並結合多個條狀纖維單元，以形成板狀外觀。偶合物則分布於多個條狀纖維單元與填充物之介面，用以強化多個條狀纖維單元與填充物之結合。The plate-like building material of another embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of strip fiber units, a filler, and a conjugate. The plurality of strip fiber units are composed of a plurality of original wheat shells, wherein the plurality of wheat shells exhibit an irregular arrangement of the fiber axial directions, and a plurality of dispersed voids are formed between the plurality of wheat shells. The filler is used to fill a plurality of voids dispersed between the plurality of wheat hulls and combine a plurality of strip fiber units to form a plate-like appearance. The conjugate is distributed over the interface between the plurality of strip fiber units and the filler to strengthen the combination of the plurality of strip fiber units and the filler.
以下藉由具體實施例配合所附的圖式詳加說明，當更容易瞭解本創作之目的、技術內容、特點及其所達成之功效。In the following, the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings are explained in detail, and it is easier to understand the purpose, technical content, characteristics and effects achieved by the present invention.
10‧‧‧板狀建材10‧‧‧Plate-shaped building materials
10A‧‧‧橫向溝紋層10A‧‧‧Transverse groove layer
10B‧‧‧縱向溝紋層10B‧‧‧ longitudinal groove layer
20‧‧‧條狀纖維單元20‧‧‧ strip fiber unit
22‧‧‧稻殼、麥殼22‧‧‧ rice husks and wheat husks
30‧‧‧填充物30‧‧‧Filling
32‧‧‧偶合物32‧‧‧ conjugate
34‧‧‧安定劑34‧‧‧Stabilizer
S‧‧‧空隙S‧‧‧ gap
第1A圖為本創作一實施例之板狀建材示意圖。FIG. 1A is a schematic view of a plate-like building material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第1B圖為第1A圖的局部放大圖。Fig. 1B is a partial enlarged view of Fig. 1A.
第2A圖及第2B圖為本創作之板狀建材經壓紋後的形成的橫向溝紋層及縱向溝紋層示意圖。2A and 2B are schematic views of the lateral groove layer and the longitudinal groove layer formed by the embossed plate-shaped building materials.
第3圖為具有多層次壓紋編織結構的板狀建材示意圖。Figure 3 is a schematic view of a plate-like building material having a multi-layer embossed woven structure.
第4圖為具有中空管狀結構的板狀建材示意圖。Figure 4 is a schematic view of a plate-like building material having a hollow tubular structure.
請參照第1A圖及第1B圖，本創作之一實施例之板狀建材10包含多個條狀纖維單元20、一填充物30以及一偶合物32。多個條狀纖維單元20係由原始狀的多個稻殼22組成，其中多個稻殼22呈現纖維軸向的不規則排列，且多個稻殼22之間形成分散的數個空隙S。填充物30用以填補多個稻殼之間分散的數個空隙S，並結合多個條狀纖維單元20，以形成板狀外觀。偶合物32則分布於多個條狀纖維單元20與填充物30之介面，用以強化多個條狀纖維單元20與填充物30之結合。Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the plate-like building material 10 of one embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20, a filler 30, and a conjugate 32. The plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20 are composed of a plurality of original rice husks 22, wherein the plurality of rice husks 22 exhibit an irregular arrangement in the fiber axial direction, and a plurality of dispersed voids S are formed between the plurality of rice husks 22. The filler 30 is used to fill a plurality of voids S dispersed between the plurality of rice husks, and combines the plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20 to form a plate-like appearance. The conjugate 32 is distributed over the interface of the plurality of strip-like fiber units 20 and the filler 30 for reinforcing the combination of the plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20 and the filler 30.
接續上述，請再參考第1A圖及第1B圖，板狀建材10包含多個條狀纖維單元20、一填充物30以及一偶合物32，其中多個條狀纖維單元20係由原始狀的多個稻殼22組成。選用稻殼的原因乃是因為稻殼取得容易且成本低(僅需運費)，可大量取自於國內的農業地區，例如臺灣的雲嘉南地區，或泰國、越南、印尼等產稻大國。此外，稻殼本身含有矽，因此具有抗菌、防霉、防蟲蛀的作用。有別於傳統式將稻殼燒製成灰或絞碎成粉末狀以製造環保板狀建材的方法，本創作直接使用脫除後之原始狀的多個稻殼22，其係保留原有稻殼之條狀纖維結構，不經磨粉，以增強材料的強度。填充物30與偶合物32的種類及比例則根據使用者需求調配。填充物30以塑料為主，傳統而言，填充物係為環保板狀建材的主成分，稻殼僅少量添加。然而於本創作之一實施例中，多個稻殼22為主成分，並且呈現纖維軸向的不規則排列，如此可使整個板狀建材具有均勻的結構強度。另外，因為填充物30填補多個稻殼之間分散的數個空隙S，使多個稻殼22與填充物30之間得以緊密結合(如第1B圖所示)，大幅提升板狀建材10的 結構強度。偶合物32則用以偶合改性，強化多個條狀纖維單元20與填充物30之介面強度，可改善板狀建材10的物理性質，例如改善耐磨性及抗衝擊性，其中偶合物32包含馬來酸酐接枝聚烯烴、鈦酸酯類偶合劑或矽烷類偶合劑。至於填充物30的比例僅在20%到30%之間，其可選用尼龍(Nylon)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯(PET)中至少其中一種。例如，生產製程中採用前述的尼龍與馬來酸酐接枝聚烯烴，可大大提升板狀建材10的斷裂拉伸強度和斷裂延伸率。Following the above, referring again to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the plate-like building material 10 includes a plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20, a filler 30, and a conjugate 32, wherein the plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20 are original. A plurality of rice husks 22 are composed. The reason for using rice husks is because rice husks are easy to obtain and low in cost (only freight is required), and can be taken in large quantities from domestic agricultural areas, such as Yunjianan in Taiwan, or rice producing countries such as Thailand, Vietnam, and Indonesia. In addition, the rice husk itself contains strontium, so it has an antibacterial, anti-mildew, and anti-insect effect. Different from the traditional method of burning rice husk into ash or pulverizing into powder to make environmentally-friendly slab-like building materials, this creation directly uses a plurality of rice husks 22 which are removed after the original form, which retains the original rice. The strip-like fiber structure of the shell is not ground to enhance the strength of the material. The type and ratio of the filler 30 and the conjugate 32 are tailored to the needs of the user. The filler 30 is mainly made of plastic. Traditionally, the filler is the main component of the environmentally-friendly plate-like building material, and the rice husk is only added in a small amount. However, in one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of rice husks 22 are the main components and exhibit an irregular arrangement of the fiber axial directions, so that the entire plate-like building material has uniform structural strength. In addition, since the filler 30 fills a plurality of voids S dispersed between the plurality of rice husks, the plurality of rice husks 22 and the filler 30 are tightly coupled (as shown in FIG. 1B), and the plate-like building material 10 is greatly improved. of Structural strength. The conjugate 32 is used for coupling modification to strengthen the interface strength of the plurality of strip fiber units 20 and the filler 30, and can improve the physical properties of the sheet-like building material 10, for example, improving wear resistance and impact resistance, wherein the conjugate 32 A maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin, a titanate coupling agent or a decane coupling agent is included. As for the proportion of filler 30 is only between 20% and 30%, it can be selected from nylon (Nylon), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalic acid. At least one of esters (PET). For example, the use of the aforementioned nylon and maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin in the production process can greatly increase the tensile strength at break and the elongation at break of the sheet-like building material 10.
根據上述，以稻殼為主成分，可充分利用農作廢棄稻殼，並且減少塑料使用，相當環保且經濟。請再參照第1A圖及第1B圖，較佳者，板狀建材10更包含一安定劑34，其係分布於填充物30中，用以抑制及減緩板狀建材10於製造、加工或成品階段的變質劣化，其中安定劑34包含熱穩定劑、光穩定劑、抗氧化劑、防焦劑至少其中之一。例如，添加抗紫外線穩定劑，可防止板狀建材10受到紫外線的照射而分解劣化；添加抗氧化劑則可以延緩板狀建材10因氧化而分解。本創作之板狀建材10除了填充物30、偶合物32及安定劑34之外，亦可添加阻燃材料(如氫氧化鎂、氫氧化鋁、硼酸鋅)、散熱材料、吸音材料、橡膠(如廢棄輪胎)、滑石粉、回收再生料、及矽砂(如玻璃砂)至少其中之一，以節省成本並改變板狀建材之特性。例如，可回收再生利用不需要或廢棄之板狀建材10，僅需將其打碎處理即可重新成為製作原料；或是加入廢棄的輪胎碎片，增加板狀建材10之強度。可理解的是，上述之填充物30、偶合物32及安定劑34及其他材料可以互相混合使用，且其用途與材料不限於此。According to the above, the rice husk is the main component, and the agricultural waste can be fully utilized, and the use of plastic is reduced, which is environmentally friendly and economical. Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B again, preferably, the plate-like building material 10 further includes a stabilizer 34 distributed in the filler 30 for suppressing and slowing down the manufacturing, processing or finished product of the plate-like building material 10. The deterioration of the stage is deteriorated, wherein the stabilizer 34 contains at least one of a heat stabilizer, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, and a scorch retarder. For example, by adding an anti-UV stabilizer, the plate-like building material 10 can be prevented from being decomposed and deteriorated by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, and the addition of an antioxidant can delay decomposition of the plate-like building material 10 by oxidation. The plate-like building material 10 of the present invention may be added with a flame retardant material (such as magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate), a heat dissipating material, a sound absorbing material, and rubber in addition to the filler 30, the conjugate 32, and the stabilizer 34. At least one of waste tires, talcum powder, recycled materials, and strontium sand (such as glass sand) to save costs and change the characteristics of sheet-like building materials. For example, the plate-like building material 10 which is not required or discarded can be recycled and reused, and it can be re-formed as a raw material by simply breaking it; or the scraped tire fragments can be added to increase the strength of the plate-like building material 10. It is to be understood that the above-mentioned filler 30, conjugate 32 and stabilizer 34 and other materials may be used in combination with each other, and the uses and materials thereof are not limited thereto.
承上，準備好多個條狀纖維單元20及填充物30後，將其混 合，送入一壓出成型機，並添加偶合物32及安定劑34。經過加熱混練、壓出並冷卻後，即得到所需之板狀建材10。可理解的是，在加熱混練、壓出成型的過程中，亦即多個稻殼22與填充物30緊密結合的過程中，原始狀的多個稻殼22可成為破碎或破裂狀，但仍保留原有稻殼之條狀纖維結構，與傳統之粉末狀或灰狀不同。板狀建材10的形狀及後續處理可依使用者需求調整。舉例而言，板狀建材10可多層壓合成一具有中空多層次編織結構的板狀建材10，其內部具有一橫向溝紋或一縱向溝紋或其混合的壓紋結構。如第2A圖及第2B圖所示，首層壓出具有橫向溝紋的橫向溝紋層10A，次層壓出具有縱向溝紋的縱向溝紋層10B，選擇適當的層數並依序多層次熱壓合橫向溝紋層10A及縱向溝紋層10B，形成多層次壓紋編織結構的板狀建材10，如第3圖所示，如此板狀建材10多層次的壓紋結構可產生編織效果的中空空間而增加物理強度；同時大幅減輕重量並具備保暖效果。此外，還可以於板狀建材10外部貼合木紋表皮，增加美觀效果並使表面平整；亦可貼合防火層，加強防火效果。另外，還可以將板狀建材10進行各種異形壓出的製程，例如板狀建材10也可以製造成中空管狀的結構，如第4圖所示，不但輕量化，也能保持良好的結構強度。After the plurality of strip fiber units 20 and the filler 30 are prepared, they are mixed. The mixture is fed into an extrusion molding machine, and the conjugate 32 and the stabilizer 34 are added. After heating, kneading, pressing, and cooling, the desired sheet-like building material 10 is obtained. It can be understood that in the process of heating kneading and extrusion molding, that is, in the process of tightly combining the plurality of rice husks 22 with the filler 30, the original plurality of rice husks 22 may be broken or broken, but still The strip fiber structure of the original rice husk is preserved, which is different from the traditional powder or ash. The shape and subsequent processing of the plate-like building material 10 can be adjusted according to user needs. For example, the plate-like building material 10 can be laminated to form a plate-like building material 10 having a hollow multi-layer woven structure having a lateral groove or a longitudinal groove or a mixed embossed structure therein. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the transverse groove layer 10A having the lateral grooves is laminated first, and the longitudinal groove layer 10B having the longitudinal grooves is laminated, and the appropriate number of layers is selected and sequentially The layered heat-compression transverse groove layer 10A and the longitudinal groove layer 10B form a multi-layer embossed structure of the plate-like building material 10, as shown in Fig. 3, such a plate-like building material 10 multi-layer embossed structure can produce weaving The hollow space of the effect increases the physical strength; at the same time, the weight is greatly reduced and the warmth effect is maintained. In addition, the wood grain skin can be attached to the outside of the plate-shaped building material 10 to increase the aesthetic effect and smooth the surface; the fireproof layer can also be attached to enhance the fireproof effect. Further, the plate-shaped building material 10 can be subjected to various processes for pressing out the irregular shape. For example, the plate-like building material 10 can be manufactured into a hollow tubular structure. As shown in Fig. 4, not only the weight but also the structural strength can be maintained.
板狀建材10具有良好的物理性質、比木材更加防水耐用、輕量化且易於加工，除此之外，由於添加了稻殼，可抗菌、防霉且防蟲蛀。就一般家居使用，可用於書櫃、桌椅、門板；就建築裝潢而言，可做為裝潢建材、地板、屋瓦、輕質隔間甚至是板模。若是製作成空心磚、空心管，則可內填鋼筋水泥作為戶外建材，因為板狀建材10防水，因此戶外使用更耐候。又，因為板狀建材10燃燒後不會產生毒氣(例如搭配聚乙烯等無毒填 充物)，作為火化用之棺材亦相當環保經濟。除此之外，傳統木材製品為病蟲害的傳播路徑，美國、加拿大跟中國大陸的樹林皆飽受松線樹蟲的侵害，因此木材製品在國際間通關的時候，還需要經過消毒的手續。相較於木材，本創作的板狀建材10以稻殼或麥殼為主成分，因此不會有木材病蟲害的問題，也節省了消毒的時間與金錢耗費。例如，板狀建材10製造成棧板用以存放貨物，在貨物運輸的過程中，棧板不會成為木材病蟲害的傳播媒介。The plate-like building material 10 has good physical properties, is more waterproof and durable than wood, is lightweight, and is easy to process. In addition, since it is added with rice husk, it can be antibacterial, mildewproof, and insect proof. For general household use, it can be used for bookcases, tables, chairs, door panels; in terms of architectural decoration, it can be used as decorative building materials, flooring, roof tiles, light compartments and even formwork. If it is made into hollow bricks or hollow tubes, it can be filled with reinforced concrete as outdoor building materials. Because the panel-shaped building materials 10 are waterproof, it is more weather-resistant for outdoor use. Moreover, since the plate-like building material 10 does not generate toxic gas after combustion (for example, with non-toxic filling such as polyethylene) Filling), as a coffin for cremation, is also quite environmentally friendly. In addition, traditional wood products are the transmission path of pests and diseases. The forests of the United States, Canada and mainland China are all affected by the pine tree worms. Therefore, when the wood products are cleared internationally, they need to be disinfected. Compared with wood, the plate-shaped building material 10 of the present invention is mainly composed of rice husk or wheat hull, so there is no problem of wood pests and diseases, and time and money for disinfection are saved. For example, the panel-like building material 10 is manufactured as a pallet for storing goods, and the pallet does not become a medium for transporting wood pests and diseases during the transportation of the goods.
可理解的是，板狀建材10更包含多個天然纖維單元以及人工纖維單元至少其中之一。也就是說，多個條狀纖維單元20除使用保留原有稻殼之條狀纖維結構之原始狀的多個稻殼22外，亦可混合天然纖維或人工合成纖維。請再參照第1A圖及第1B圖，填充物30與多個天然纖維單元以及人工纖維單元至少其中之一填補多個稻殼22之間分散的數個空隙S，且填充物30用以結合多個條狀纖維單元20與多個天然纖維單元以及人工纖維單元至少其中之一，以形成板狀外觀。其中天然纖維包含稻殼、稻草、木料、椰子殼、玉米莖葉梗、麥殼、麥梗、甘蔗渣、竹料至少其中之一；人工纖維單元包含布料(如網布)、玻璃纖維及紙類至少其中之一。而本創作之天然纖維單元及人工纖維單元的來源，可取自於農作物剩餘物、植物廢料或回收廢料中至少其中之一。又，纖維材料20亦可為破裂狀或破碎狀，例如摻入加工剩餘的木屑、木粉。It can be understood that the plate-like building material 10 further comprises at least one of a plurality of natural fiber units and artificial fiber units. That is to say, the plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20 may be mixed with natural fibers or synthetic fibers in addition to the plurality of rice husks 22 which retain the original shape of the strip-like fibrous structure of the original rice husk. Referring to FIGS. 1A and 1B again, the filler 30 and at least one of the plurality of natural fiber units and the artificial fiber unit fill a plurality of voids S dispersed between the plurality of rice husks 22, and the filler 30 is used for bonding. The plurality of strip fiber units 20 and at least one of the plurality of natural fiber units and the artificial fiber units form a plate-like appearance. The natural fiber comprises at least one of rice husk, straw, wood, coconut shell, corn stem and leaf stalk, wheat husk, wheat stem, bagasse, and bamboo; the artificial fiber unit comprises cloth (such as mesh cloth), glass fiber and paper. At least one of the classes. The source of the natural fiber unit and the artificial fiber unit of the present invention may be derived from at least one of crop residues, plant waste or recycled waste. Further, the fibrous material 20 may be in the form of a crack or a broken shape, for example, incorporated into the remaining wood chips and wood powder.
根據本創作另一實施例，請再參考第1A圖及第1B圖，板狀建材10包含多個條狀纖維單元20、一填充物30以及一偶合物32。多個條狀纖維單元20係由原始狀的多個麥殼22組成，其中多個麥殼22呈現纖維軸向的不規則排列，且多個麥殼22之間形成分散的數個空隙S。填充物 30用以填補多個麥殼之間分散的數個空隙S，並結合多個條狀纖維單元20，以形成板狀外觀。偶合物32則分布於多個條狀纖維單元20與填充物30之介面，用以強化多個條狀纖維單元20與填充物30之結合。其餘原理及操作方式如前一實施例所述，於此不再贅言。According to another embodiment of the present invention, referring again to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the plate-like building material 10 includes a plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20, a filler 30, and a conjugate 32. The plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20 are composed of a plurality of original wheat hulls 22, wherein the plurality of husks 22 exhibit an irregular arrangement in the axial direction of the fibers, and a plurality of dispersed voids S are formed between the plurality of husks 22. Filler 30 is used to fill a plurality of voids S dispersed between the plurality of wheat hulls and combine the plurality of strip fiber units 20 to form a plate-like appearance. The conjugate 32 is distributed over the interface of the plurality of strip-like fiber units 20 and the filler 30 for reinforcing the combination of the plurality of strip-shaped fiber units 20 and the filler 30. The remaining principles and modes of operation are as described in the previous embodiment, and are not to be further described herein.
綜合上述，本創作提供一種板狀建材，其利用保留原始狀稻殼或麥殼的條狀纖維單元與填充物及偶合物結合而成板狀建材。如此，保留稻殼或麥殼纖維增強了建材強度，稻殼或麥殼來源也易於取得，並且減少了木材與石化塑料的使用。除此之外，成型的板狀建材具有良好的物理性質、防水耐用、輕量化且易於加工並且免於病蟲害，燃燒也不會產生毒氣(若搭配無毒填充物)。另外，還可以依使用者需求，加入其他材料，除了用途多樣化，也充分的利用了資源。In summary, the present invention provides a plate-like building material which is formed into a plate-like building material by using a strip-shaped fiber unit which retains the original rice husk or wheat hull, and a filler and a conjugate. Thus, the retention of rice husks or husk fibers enhances the strength of the building materials, and the source of rice husks or husks is also readily available, and the use of wood and petrochemical plastics is reduced. In addition, the formed sheet-like building materials have good physical properties, are waterproof, durable, lightweight, easy to process and free from pests and diseases, and burn without generating toxic gas (if combined with non-toxic fillers). In addition, other materials can be added according to the needs of users, and in addition to diversified uses, resources are fully utilized.
以上所述之實施例僅是為說明本創作之技術思想及特點，其目的在使熟習此項技藝之人士能夠瞭解本創作之內容並據以實施，當不能以之限定本創作之專利範圍，即大凡依本創作所揭示之精神所作之均等變化或修飾，仍應涵蓋在本創作之專利範圍內。The embodiments described above are only for explaining the technical idea and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them according to the scope of the patent. That is, the equivalent changes or modifications made by the people in accordance with the spirit revealed by this creation should still be covered by the scope of the patent of this creation.
10‧‧‧板狀建材10‧‧‧Plate-shaped building materials
20‧‧‧條狀纖維單元20‧‧‧ strip fiber unit
22‧‧‧稻殼、麥殼22‧‧‧ rice husks and wheat husks
30‧‧‧填充物30‧‧‧Filling
32‧‧‧偶合物32‧‧‧ conjugate
34‧‧‧安定劑34‧‧‧Stabilizer
S‧‧‧空隙S‧‧‧ gap
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115286326B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-06 | 山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司 | A mildew-proof greenhouse wall material |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6265037B1 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2001-07-24 | Andersen Corporation | Polyolefin wood fiber composite |
| JP4081983B2 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2008-04-30 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Adhesive and woodworking product using the same |
-
2013
- 2013-01-03 TW TW102200048U patent/TWM452995U/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-07-05 US US13/935,985 patent/US20140023811A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| US20140023811A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
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