UA44982A - METHOD OF GAS GENERATION COMBUSTION OF ALL TYPES OF SOLID FUEL, WASTE OF LIGHT INDUSTRY AND LIFE LIFE AND DEVICES FOR IMPLEMENTATION - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for burning solid fuel and light industry and household wastes “Lasiona”, and appliance for its implementation, is in the fact that in the process of war material burning sub-oxidized gases and volatile matters are directed to the central chamber. Appliance has a loading chamber, a fire-bar grid, channels for air supply and exhaust channel. Between the loading chamber and bottom a by-pass channel for preliminary fuel oxidation is provided.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to methods and devices for burning various types of solid fuel, light industry and household waste. Fuel suppliers can be: enterprises of the woodworking industry (sawdust, chips, bark, trimmings); communal enterprises (leaves, garbage); enterprises of light industry (offcuts of fabrics, threads, plastics); agricultural enterprises (unusable straw). 70 The invention can be used from the sphere of everyday life to thermal power plants.

The method of incineration of solid combustible waste according to the patent of the Russian Federation Mo2021559 С1 cl. ВЕ23О 5/00, publication dated 15.10.1994 in Bulletin Mo 19,

The furnace for incineration of waste consists of two combustion chambers - the main one and an additional one. An additional camera is located under the main one. Combustible wood waste is fed into the furnace in the form of a suspension with oil. Combustion gases 79 are discharged through an additional combustion chamber.

The main disadvantage of this method and device for burning waste is that the method and furnace are suitable only for burning sawdust particles of wood waste and are not suitable in a situation where it is necessary to burn larger particles of waste simultaneously with fine sawdust. In addition, a significant disadvantage is the additional production of the suspension necessary for burning fine dust.

The method and furnace for burning wood waste according to the patent of the Russian Federation Mo2133409 C1 class. 6E230 5/24 7/00, publication dated 07/20/1999 in the Mo 20 Bulletin.

The furnace has a loading hopper, a vertical shaft, a grate, a smoke extractor and a bottom blower. With the help of this stove, you can simultaneously burn sawdust, bark and firewood.

The main disadvantage of this furnace is the complexity of the design. 29 Method and furnace for burning wood waste according to A.S. USSR Mo1783238 A1 cl. 523E 05/00, publication dated December 23, 1992 in the Mo47 Bulletin. The stove allows you to burn sawdust and firewood at the same time. It has a furnace chamber and an ash chamber separated from it by a grate and channels for supplying fresh air and removing combustion gases.

The main disadvantage: the need to press the sawdust before transferring it to the grate, which greatly complicates the construction of the furnace. This method does not ensure complete combustion of combustion products, and as a result, obtaining the maximum possible amount of heat and preserving the environment.

The invention is based on the task of achieving complete combustion using a simple device by gas generator burning of all types of solid fuel, light industrial and household waste. The invention "I" provides economically beneficial and environmentally friendly burning of all types of solid fuel at the same time, regardless of their size, fraction and humidity. The idea of the invention is that combustion takes place under the "cap", which eliminates the possibility of incomplete combustion. The loading chamber (2) has two bottoms with central holes (10, 11), and the bottom (10) has a conical shape. Between them there is a circular channel of primary oxidation (9) with a regulator (4). In the lower part of the bottom (10) there is a metering chamber for complete combustion of gases (7) with a dispenser (12) and a regulator (5). The output channel for the burnt gases (13) is below the chamber C 50 dosing for complete combustion of the gases (7). In this way, the flame is directed from top to bottom. Using c the difference in the weight of cold and hot air (for this, it is necessary to first warm up the ash chamber (14), the channel

From" dosing (7) and output channel (13)) or smoke extractor, deoxidized gases, volatile substances are sent to the dosing chamber for complete combustion of gases (7), which is the center of combustion. At the same time, complete combustion of fuel is carried out, which does not pollute the environment and provides thermal energy that can be used in various industries and households. f The structural diagram of this method and device is shown in the drawing - side view. "" The drawing gives an opportunity to see the sequence of creation of the gas generation process. Through the hatch (1), the cylindrical loading chamber (2) is filled with raw materials. There is a central hole in the bottom (11) of the loading chamber. An ash chamber (14) is located under the loading chamber. A cone-shaped bottom (10) made of heat-resistant materials is inserted into the central opening of the bottom of the loading chamber (2) at 20 o'clock. Lateral (8) and central (b) louvered grills are installed on it. The peripheral channel for primary oxidation (9) with regulator (4) is located between the conical bottom (10) and the bottom (11) of the loading chamber.

In the lower part of the bottom (10) there is a dosing chamber for complete oxidation of gases (7) with a supply channel of the dosing chamber (12) and a gas mixture quality regulator (5). 29 Raw material (3) or any other fuel mixture is loaded into the loading chamber (2) through the hatch (1). Before the by lighting the furnace, it is necessary to heat the ash chamber (14), the outlet channel for burnt gases (13) and the metering chambers for complete oxidation of gases (7). The furnace is ignited by igniting part of the raw material located in the circumferential channel (9). Air is supplied through the channel for primary fuel oxidation. At the end of the ignition process, the burning of raw materials (3) begins in the lower part 60 of the loading chamber (2), above the side (8) and central (6) grates-louvers. The power of the primary oxidation of the fuel is regulated by the amount of air supply using the regulator (4). The mixture of heated gases of oxidized fuel passes through the gaps of grates-shutters into the dosing chamber (7), where with the help of side holes on the walls of the chamber, fresh air is mixed in until the gases that have not burned off are completely oxidized. Air supply to this chamber is carried out using the supply channel of the dosing chamber (12) and is regulated by the regulator (5). The ash formed in the process of burning fuel moves along the inclined plane of the cone-shaped bottom (10) to the central hole, where it is poured into the ash chamber (14) through the dosing chamber. This ensures a continuous, long-term burning process.

Claims (2)

2 Formula of the invention 1. The method of gas generator combustion of all types of solid fuel, light industrial and household waste, which consists in feeding raw materials into the combustion chamber, which is distinguished by the fact that in the process of burning raw materials 70 unoxidized gases and volatile substances are directed, for concentration and maximum heating, into a directed vertically down the central chamber, in which conditions favorable for dosing until complete oxidation are created. 2. A device for gas generator combustion of all types of solid fuel and waste from light industry and household, containing a loading chamber, a grate, channels for air supply and exhaust of combustion gases, which is distinguished by the fact that it has a cylindrical loading chamber with a heat-resistant conical bottom, between which a circumferential channel is formed for the primary oxidation of the fuel above the grates installed between the fuel and the bottom, and a central channel-chamber directed vertically downwards, with a dosing channel. « with Zo so (o) « « - and? sh» sh» se) (ee) Ko) 60 b5