US20070190345A1 - Aqueous two-component organoalkoxysilane composition - Google Patents

Aqueous two-component organoalkoxysilane composition Download PDF

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US20070190345A1
US20070190345A1 US11/513,172 US51317206A US2007190345A1 US 20070190345 A1 US20070190345 A1 US 20070190345A1 US 51317206 A US51317206 A US 51317206A US 2007190345 A1 US2007190345 A1 US 2007190345A1
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component
adhesion promoter
aqueous
promoter composition
composition according
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Jolanda Sutter
Wolf-Rudiger Huck
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Sika Technology AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • C09J5/02—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving pretreatment of the surfaces to be joined
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
    • C09J133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J4/00—Adhesives based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; adhesives, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09J183/00 - C09J183/16

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to the field of aqueous two-component organoalkoxysilane compositions and in particular to the field of aqueous adhesion promoters for improving the adhesion of adhesives and sealants.
  • Organoalkoxysilanes especially hydrophobic organoalkoxysilanes, are difficult to mix with water. In numerous instances there are two phases formed, with turbidities and flocs apparent at their interface. For a practical adhesion promoter, however, it is necessary for the adhesion promoter to be homogeneous.
  • organoalkoxysilanes It is in the nature of organoalkoxysilanes, however, to react with water.
  • the alkoxysilane groups undergo hydrolysis with water to form silanols (Si—OH groups). Silanols can then undergo condensation to siloxanes (Si—O—Si groups).
  • siloxanes Si—O—Si groups
  • Such siloxanes are usually no longer soluble, and undergo precipitation, leading to unwanted turbidities and precipitates.
  • the storage life of aqueous organoalkoxysilane compositions is therefore very short.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,511,752 B2 discloses an aqueous primer which has been prepared from an aminotitanate, epoxysilane, and water and which possesses a long shelf life.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,294,620 B1 shows an aqueous emulsion primer which is prepared at a neutral pH in a two-step process in a high-speed mixer from water-insoluble ethoxysilanes in the presence of an emulsifier.
  • Component K 1 is much less sensitive to moisture than are typical organoalkoxysilane compositions, and so is well able to tolerate small amounts of moisture, of the kind which may come about, for example, as a result of poorly sealed containers or through the use of containers made from plastics which are known to be pervious to water diffusion.
  • the ready-to-use adhesion promoter composition is produced by simple shaking of the two components. Accordingly, the two-component adhesion promoter composition constitutes a pre-treatment system which is reliable in service, is easy to employ, and can be prepared and used even by untrained users.
  • a consequent possibility are packaging forms consisting of a two-component pack having two chambers separated from one another by at least one dividing wall, into which the two components of the aqueous adhesion promoter composition have been packed, such packaging forms representing, also to the non-expert, a simple and reliable system of application.
  • the adhesion promoter composition can be used for a relatively long time, typically up to several weeks, without problems occurring with the adhesion.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through an embodiment P 1 having a rupturable dividing wall
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through an embodiment P 2 having a bursting assistant, in particular having a cutting means
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through an embodiment P 3 having a seal
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through an embodiment P 4 having an extractable dividing wall
  • FIGS. 5-9 show a cross section through preferred embodiments of P 1
  • FIG. 10 shows a cross section through preferred embodiments of P 2
  • FIG. 11 shows a cross section through preferred embodiments of P 4
  • the present invention relates to an aqueous two-component adhesion promoter composition composed of a first component K 1 and of a second component K 2 .
  • the first component K 1 in this composition comprises at least one organoalkoxysilane S and at least one anhydrous surfactant T.
  • the second component K 2 comprises at least water and at least one acid. It is essential that the amount of acid be selected such that, after the two components K 1 and K 2 have been mixed, the resulting mixture is acidic. This means that the pH of such a mixture is less than 7.
  • the preferred pH of such a mixture is between 3 and 5, in particular between 3.5 to 4.5.
  • anhydrous in the present document should not be interpreted to mean “absolutely free of water”. Consequently, compounds and compositions are referred to as “anhydrous” even if they include slight traces of water, i.e. if they include a residual water content of not more than 1% by weight, in particular of not more than 0.5% by weight.
  • organoalkoxysilane or “silane” for short refers in the present document to compounds in which on the one hand there is at least one, usually two or three, alkoxy groups attached directly to the silicon atom (via an Si—O bond) and which, on the other hand, have at least one organic radical attached directly to the silicon atom (via an Si—C bond) and which do not have Si—O—Si bonds.
  • silane group identifies the silicon-containing group that is attached to the organic radical of the organoalkoxysilane.
  • the organoalkoxysilanes, respectively their silane groups, have the capacity to undergo hydrolysis on contact with moisture.
  • organosilanols which are organosilicon compounds containing one or more silanol groups (Si—OH groups) and, as a result of subsequent condensation reactions, organosiloxanes are formed, which are organosilicon compounds containing one or more siloxane groups (Si—O—Si groups).
  • silanes which contain the corresponding functional group, in this case, in other words, an aminoalkylalkoxysilane, epoxyalkylalkoxysilane, alkylalkoxysilane, (meth)acrylatoalkoxysilane and mercaptoalkylalkoxysilane.
  • Organoalkoxysilanes S are, in particular, aminosilanes, epoxysilanes, mercaptosilanes, (meth)acrylatosilanes and alkylsilanes.
  • Aminosilanes are, in particular, aminosilanes of the formula (I) or the reaction products of the formula (I) containing at least one secondary or primary amino group with a compound (ARV) which contains at least one functional group that is able to react with a primary or secondary amino group.
  • R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
  • R 1 is preferably a methyl group.
  • R 2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms, preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group or an isopropyl group.
  • R 2 is preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
  • R 3 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 C atoms.
  • R 3 is preferably a propylene group.
  • R 4 is H or a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 C atoms or is a substitutent of the formula (II)
  • R 5 is H or a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 C atoms or a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 C atoms with further heteroatoms, or is a substitutent of the formula (II)
  • a particularly advantageous radical of a linear alkylene group having 1 to 10 C atoms with further heteroatoms, R 5 is the radical CH 2 CH 2 NH 2 .
  • index a is a value 0, 1 or 2, in particular 0 or 1.
  • a is 0.
  • aminosilanes of this kind of the formula (I) are 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyldimethoxymethylsilane, 3-amino-2-methylpropyltrimethoxysilane, 4-aminobutyltrimethoxysilane, 4-aminobutyldimethoxymethylsilane, 4-amino-3-methylbutyltrimethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3-dimethylbutyltrimethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3-dimethylbutyldimethoxymethylsilane, 2-aminoethyltrimethoxysilane, 2-aminoethyldimethoxymethylsilane, aminomethyltrimethoxysilane, aminomethyldimethoxymethylsilane, aminomethylmethoxymethylsilane, aminomethylmethoxymethylsilane, aminomethylmethoxydimethylsilane, N-methyl-3-aminopropy
  • Preferred aminosilanes of the formula (I) are aminosilanes which are selected from the group comprising aminosilanes of the formula (III), (IV) and (V).
  • the most preferred aminosilanes of the formula (I) are the aminosilanes 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyltrimethoxysilane, bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine and tris(trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine.
  • the aminosilane is a reaction product of an aminosilane of the formula (I) as has been described above, having at least one secondary or primary amino group, with a compound (ARV) which contains at least one functional group which is able to react with a primary or secondary amino group.
  • This functional group able to react with a primary or secondary amino group is preferably an epoxy group.
  • Other groups are also conceivable, such as isocyanate groups or activated double bonds, for example.
  • Particularly suitable compounds with epoxy groups are epoxysilanes.
  • Preferred compounds (ARV) which can react with the aminosilane of the formula (I) having at least one secondary or primary amino group are epoxysilanes of the formula (VI)
  • R 1′ in this formula is an alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
  • R 2′ is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms.
  • R 3′ is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 4 C atoms, and a′ is 0, 1 or 2, especially 0 or 1.
  • R 1′ is in particular a methyl group.
  • R 2′ is preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group or an isopropyl group. With particular preference R 2′ is a methyl group or an ethyl group.
  • R 3′ is preferably propylene.
  • the index a′ is preferably 0.
  • epoxysilanes are 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane and 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
  • Preferred epoxysilanes are 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane and 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
  • the most preferred epoxysilane is 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
  • the aminosilane of the formula (I) used for the reaction product comprises, in addition to N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, preferably N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, in particular, aminosilanes of the formula (III) or (IV), especially 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)amine. Preference is given to 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine.
  • reaction products are compounds of the formula (VII), (VIII), (IX), (X), (XI) and (XII).
  • the compounds of the formula (VII), (VIII) and (IX) are obtained from the reaction of N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
  • the compounds of the formulae (X) and (XI) are obtained from the reaction of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
  • the compound of the formula (XII) is obtained from the reaction of bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine and 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
  • amine-reactive compounds (ARV) having activated double bonds are, for example, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated compounds, especially maleic diesters, fumaric diesters, citraconic diesters, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, cinnamic esters, itaconic diesters, vinylphosphonic diesters, vinylsulphonic aryl esters, vinyl sulphones, vinyl nitriles, 1-nitroethylenes or Knoevenagel condensation products such as those, for example, of malonic diesters and aldehydes such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or benzaldehyde.
  • aldehydes such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or benzaldehyde.
  • Amine-reactive compounds of this kind form Michael adducts for which the amine undergoes addition to the double bond.
  • reaction products of this kind are Michael adducts of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyldimethoxymethylsilane, 4-amino-3,3-dimethylbutyltrimethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3-dimethylbutyldimethoxymethylsilane, aminomethyltrimethoxysilane or aminomethyldimethoxymethylsilane with dimethyl, diethyl or dibutyl maleate, tetrahydrofurfuryl, isobornyl, hexyl, lauryl, stearyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, dimethyl, diethyl or dibutyl phosphonate, acrylonitrile, 2-pentenenitrile, fumaronitrile or ⁇ -nitrostyrene, and also the
  • amine-reactive compounds (ARV) having isocyanate groups are isocyanatosilanes or polyisocyanates. Particular isocyanatosilanes are 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane.
  • polyisocyanates examples include tolylene 2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanate (TDI) and any desired mixtures of these isomers, diphenylmethane 4,4′-, 2,4′- and 2,2′-diisocyanate (MDI) and any desired mixtures of these and further isomers, phenylene 1,3- and 1,4-diisocyanate, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-diisocyanatobenzene, hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate (HDI), 2-methylpentamethylene 1,5-diisocyanate, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate (TMDI), dodecamethylene 1,12-diisocyanate, cyclohexane 1,3- and 1,4-diisocyanate and any desired mixtures of these isomers, 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclo
  • the organoalkoxysilane S is an epoxysilane then the preferred epoxysilanes are those as described above as amine-reactive compounds (ARV).
  • Exemplary mercaptosilanes as organoalkoxysilane S are 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane.
  • Exemplary (meth)acrylatosilanes as organoalkoxysilane S are 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-methacryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane.
  • organoalkoxysilane S is an alkylsilane
  • the silanes with C 1 -C 6 alkyl radicals such as, for example, methyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane and butyltrimethoxysilane.
  • surfactants T it is possible to use natural or synthetic substances which in solutions lower the surface tension of the water or other liquids.
  • surfactants also called wetting agents, it is possible to use anionic, cationic, nonionic or ampholytic surfactants or mixtures thereof.
  • anionic surfactants are surfactants containing carboxylate, sulphate, phosphate or sulphonate groups, such as, for example, amine acid derivatives, fatty alcohol ether sulphates, fatty alcohol sulphates, soaps, alkylphenol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, and also alkanesulphonates, olefinsulphonates or alkyl phosphates.
  • the non-ionic surfactants include, for example, ethoxylates, such as ethoxylated adducts of alcohols, such as polyoxyalkylene polyols, amines, fatty acids, fatty acid amides, alkylphenols, ethanolamides, fatty amines, polysiloxanes or fatty acid esters, and also alkyl or alkylphenyl polyglycol ethers, such as fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, or fatty acid amides, alkylglycosides, sugar esters, sorbitan esters, polysorbates or trialkylamine oxides, and also esters and amides of poly(meth)acrylic acids with polyalkylene glycols or aminopolyalkylene glycols, which may be capped with alkyl groups at no more than one end.
  • ethoxylates such as ethoxylated adducts of alcohols, such as polyoxyalkylene polyol
  • cationic surfactants are quaternary ammonium or phosphonium compounds, such as tetraalkylammonium salts, N,N-dialkylimidazoline compounds, dimethyldistearylammonium compounds, or N-alkylpyridine compounds, especially ammonium chlorides.
  • ampholytic or amphoteric surfactants include amphoteric electrolytes, known as ampholytes, such as aminocarboxylic acids, for example, and betaines.
  • nonionic surfactants especially alkoxylated alcohols.
  • Compounds which have been found to be particularly suitable include alkoxylated nonionic fluorosurfactants, especially Zonyl® FSO-100, which is available commercially from ABCR, Germany, and alkoxylated alcohols or alkoxylated alkylphenols, especially Antarox FM 33, which is available commercially from Rhodia.
  • component K 1 on storage it is of advantage if the proportion of organoalkoxysilane S to surfactant T is maintained within a defined ratio. If the ratio S:T is greater than 5:1, the sensitivity to water is not substantially improved. If this ratio is less than 1:2, in particular less than 2:3, the adhesion of the aqueous adhesion promoter composition is influenced increasingly negatively.
  • the ratio of organoalkoxysilane S to surfactant T is between 5:1 and 1:2.
  • the optimum ratio of organoalkoxysilane S to surfactant T amounts, in particular for aminosilanes as organoalkoxysilane S, to a value of 3:1 to 2:3.
  • component K 1 it is preferred for component K 1 to contain not less than 33% by weight, in particular not less than 40% by weight, of organoalkoxysilane S.
  • Component K 1 may comprise further constituents.
  • examples of such additions are solvents, inorganic fillers, catalysts and stabilizers, dyes or pigments.
  • component K 1 it is preferred for component K 1 not to contain more than 1% by weight, in particular not more than 0.5% by weight, of water.
  • components K 1 which are composed essentially only of organoalkoxysilane S and surfactant T.
  • essentially is meant in this context that the weight total of organoalkoxysilane S and surfactant T is more than 90% by weight, in particular more than 95% by weight, preferably more than 99% by weight, based on the weight of component K 1 .
  • organoalkoxysilanes in particular those which are water-soluble, are more sensitive to water in terms of stability on storage, the improvements which can be achieved by virtue of the present invention are manifested in particular with regard to polar, especially water-soluble, organoalkoxysilanes S.
  • very apolar organoalkoxysilanes S such as higher alkylalkoxysilanes, for example, such as dodecyltrimethoxysilane or octadecyltrimethoxysilane, are not preferred as organoalkoxysilanes S.
  • the improvement in stability on storage with respect to water is particularly significant in the case of aminosilanes as organoalkoxysilanes S.
  • the components K 1 are significantly less sensitive to the effect of water during the storage period. This is manifested in particular when water, especially in the form of atmospheric moisture, may come into contact with component K 1 .
  • Reasons for such contact may be, for example, packs which are not impervious.
  • original packs for example, are not impervious, or that a storage container is poorly or unimperviously resealed after having been opened for the first time, or that the said container is completely unsealed and exposed to the environment for a certain time.
  • the storage stability of components K 1 can be increased sharply if they are stored in vessels made of plastic.
  • plastics typically used for plastic containers such as polyethylene or polypropylene, indeed, frequently exhibit an inadequate water vapour diffusion imperviousness.
  • Silane compositions of the prior art are therefore stored not in plastic containers but instead in containers made of glass, metals or composites.
  • plastic containers for storage of the components K 1 presented here there are therefore enormous cost advantages and weight advantages arising, and also additional freedoms in the design and form of the pack or packaging respectively.
  • the improved storage properties and/or reduced sensitivity to water during the storage time are apparent in particular through the absence, or at least severe retardation, of the formation of precipitations or turbidities or gels, without adverse affect on the adhesion promotion properties.
  • Component K 2 contains besides water at least one acid.
  • the acid may be organic or inorganic.
  • Organic acids are firstly carboxylic acids, in particular a carboxylic acid selected from the group comprising formic, acetic, propionic, trifluoroacetic, oxalic, malonic, succinic, maleic, fumaric and citric acid and also amino acids, especially aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
  • Preferred acids are those having a pK a of between 4.0 and 5. Acids of this kind, on account of their pK a , possess an excellent buffer effect in the pH range of 3.5 to 4.5 that is optimum for the present invention and that results when components K 1 and K 2 are mixed.
  • Acetic acid is a preferred carboxylic acid.
  • Organic acids are secondly, in particular, those acids which contain a sulphur atom or a phosphorus atom.
  • Organic acids of this kind are, in particular, organic sulphonic acids.
  • organic sulphonic acids are meant compounds which contain an organic radical containing carbon atoms and also contain at least one functional group —SO 3 H.
  • the aromatic sulphonic acid may be monocyclic or polycyclic and there may be one or more sulphonic acid groups present. Possible examples include 1- or 2-naphthalenesulphonic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedisulphonic acid, benzenesulphonic acid or alkylbenzenesulphonic acids.
  • Preferred aromatic acids are those which have the formula (XIII)
  • R in this formula is an alkyl radical having 1 to 18 atoms.
  • R is a methyl or dodecyl group, in particular a dodecyl group.
  • the acid may also be an inorganic acid.
  • Acids which have been found particularly suitable as inorganic acids are those which contain a sulphur atom or a phosphorus atom.
  • Acids containing phosphorus atoms are, in particular, phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, phosphonic acid and phosphonous acid.
  • Acids containing sulphur atoms are, in particular, sulphur acids, especially sulphuric acid, sulphurous acids, persulphuric acid, disulphuric acid (pyrosulphuric acid), disulphurous acid, dithionic acid, dithionous acid, thiosulphuric acid or thiosulphurous acid.
  • sulphur acids especially sulphuric acid, sulphurous acids, persulphuric acid, disulphuric acid (pyrosulphuric acid), disulphurous acid, dithionic acid, dithionous acid, thiosulphuric acid or thiosulphurous acid.
  • Component K 2 may comprise further constituents.
  • additions are solvents, inorganic fillers, catalysts and stabilizers, dyes or pigments.
  • the weight fraction of the water is preferably at least 60% by weight, based on the weight of component K 2 .
  • component K 2 is composed essentially of water and acid, in other words for the amount of water and acid together to be more than 90% by weight, in particular more than 95% by weight, preferably more than 99% by weight, based on the weight of component K 2 .
  • the amount of acid in the component is to be such that a mixture of components K 1 and K 2 is acidic and that its pH is preferably between 3 and 5, in particular between 3.5 to 4.5.
  • component K 1 includes basic constituents, particularly if component K 1 includes aminosilanes.
  • components K 1 and K 2 can be stored for a very long time.
  • components K 1 and K 2 are mixed. It is a substantial advantage of the present invention that this mixing is very easy to accomplish.
  • component K 1 If component K 1 is added to component K 2 , the two components mix spontaneously or after gentle stirring. This is in stark contrast to those cases, not in accordance with the invention, in which organoalkoxysilanes without surfactants are added to component K 1 . Because of the difference in density, in that case the majority of organoalkoxysilanes fall to the bottom, producing a two-phase system which can be homogenized only by means of intense high-speed mixing or dispersing. In many cases, moreover, in the course of addition or at the phase boundary, precipitations or turbidities are produced which lead to an inhomogeneous product and are unwanted.
  • the mixing of the components allows the hydrolysis of the organoalkoxysilanes S.
  • Application of the mixed components preferably takes place not immediately after mixing. It is of advantage to allow a short time to elapse, typically of between one and ten minutes, before the mixture is applied to a substrate surface.
  • the desire is for the hydrolysis of the organoalkoxysilanes S to take place as quickly as possible after mixing but for the condensation to siloxanes to be retarded as much as possible.
  • a first method after components K 1 and K 2 of a two-component adhesion promoter composition have been mixed, the mixture thus obtained is applied to a substrate S 1 to be bonded or sealed. Subsequently an adhesive or sealant is applied to the flashed-off aqueous adhesion promoter composition which is located on the substrate S 1 . Thereafter the adhesive or sealant is contacted with a second substrate S 2 .
  • a second method after components K 1 and K 2 of a two-component adhesion promoter composition have been mixed, the mixture thus obtained is applied to a substrate S 1 to be bonded or sealed. Subsequently an adhesive or sealant is applied to the surface of a second substrate S 2 . Thereafter the adhesive or sealant is contacted with the flashed-off aqueous adhesion promoter composition which is located on the substrate S 1 .
  • a third method after components K 1 and K 2 of a two-component adhesion promoter composition have been mixed, the mixture thus obtained is applied to a substrate S 1 to be bonded or sealed. After the two-component adhesion promoter composition has been flashed-off, the adhesive or sealant is applied between the surfaces of the substrates S 1 and S 2 .
  • the second substrate S 2 may consist of the same material as or a different material from the substrate S 1 .
  • the flashing-off of the aqueous adhesion promoter composition applied to the substrate surface makes it possible on the one hand for a major part of the water present on the substrate surface to evaporate and on the other hand for the organoalkoxysilanes, or their silanols, to undergo crosslinking with one another and/or with the surface.
  • the flash-off time is typically about 10 to 15 minutes.
  • the application of the mixed aqueous adhesion promoter composition is accomplished by spraying, spreading, rolling or dipping.
  • the mixed aqueous adhesion promoter composition is applied by brush, cloth or felt.
  • the adhesive or sealant may be epoxy resin-based, isocyanate-based, based on (meth)acrylates or on silane-terminated polymers (STPs), particularly silane-terminated polyurethanes or silicones.
  • STPs silane-terminated polymers
  • the adhesives or sealants in question may, for example, be room-temperature-curing adhesives or sealants, hotmelt adhesives, dispersion adhesives or sealants, or pressure-sensitive adhesives.
  • the adhesive or sealant may be one-component or multicomponent. Preferably the adhesive or sealant is one-component.
  • the adhesive is a moisture-curing one-component polyurethane adhesive or sealant, in particular a moisture-curing one-component polyurethane adhesive of the kind available commercially, for example, as Sikaflex® from Sika Nurse AG.
  • the bonded or sealed articles obtained in this way are of diverse nature. In particular they come from the field of industrial manufacture, and are preferably means of transport, especially cars. They may also be components for mounting. Mounting components of this kind are, in particular, prefabricated modular components which are used as modules on the production line and in particular are attached or installed by adhesive bonding. These prefabricated components for mounting are preferably employed in the construction of means of transport.
  • Examples of a mounting component of this kind are the driver's cab of vans or trucks or locomotives, or sliding roofs for cars.
  • Components K 1 and K 2 may be stored in two spatially separate containers or are part of a packaging form.
  • a packaging form 6 of this kind is composed of a pack 5 which has two chambers 1 , 2 separated from one another by at least one dividing wall 3 , and an aqueous two-component adhesion promoter composition as described above, the first component K 1 being present in the first chamber and the second component K 2 being present in the second chamber 2 .
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment P 1 of a packaging form 6 , respectively a pack 5 that is used.
  • the dividing wall 3 is manufactured from a fragile material.
  • FIG. 1 a shows a variant in which the first chamber 1 is not completely surrounded by the second chamber 2
  • FIG. 1 b describes a variant in which the first chamber 1 is completely surrounded by the second chamber 2 .
  • the dividing wall 3 between the two chambers ruptures on application of pressure, as a result of which the two components K 1 , K 2 can come into contact with one another, mix and/or react.
  • the pressure is typically generated externally by the action of force on the outer wall 4 , 4 ′ of the chambers. This action of force is preferably an impact action or bending of the pack.
  • the material of the dividing wall 3 is typically produced from glass, aluminium, an aluminium alloy, from a thin plastic or a composite material.
  • the dividing wall 3 must be manufactured in a thickness such that it does not rupture simply as a result of the unintended action of force, of the kind which typically occurs, for example, in the course of transport.
  • the outer wall 4 , 4 ′ must be of a design such that it does not rupture or tear when the pressure that leads to the rupture of the dividing wall 3 is applied.
  • the outer wall 4 , 4 ′ is manufactured either from a metal or from an elastic plastic.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment P 2 of a packaging form 6 , respectively a pack 5 that is used, with bursting means, especially cutting means 7 .
  • the pressure is applied to the dividing wall 3 by means of a cutting means 7 .
  • the cutting means 7 is mobile and is pressed onto the stationary dividing wall 3 , or else the cutting means 7 is fixed and the dividing wall 3 is pressed onto the cutting means 7 .
  • the wall 3 tears, so that the two components K 1 , K 2 can come into contact with another and/or react with one another.
  • the cutting means 7 is preferably at a certain distance from the dividing wall 3 . Cutting means 7 and dividing wall 3 can be displaced onto one another.
  • FIG. 2 a shows a sharp point as cutting means 7
  • FIG. 2 b shows a ball as a bursting assistant, in particular cutting means, 7
  • the cutting means 8 preferably has either points or edges. Such points or edges facilitate the severing of the dividing wall 3 . Therefore an embodiment according to FIG. 2 a is preferred.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment P 3 of a packaging form 6 , respectively a pack 5 that is used.
  • the dividing wall is realised by a seal 3 ′.
  • the seal 3 ′ separates the two chambers 1 , 2 from one another. This is achieved by virtue of the fact that, in the unopened state, the seal 3 ′ is squeezed by at least two wall sections 8 , 8 ′ of the outer wall 4 , 4 ′. At least one of the wall sections 8 , 8 ′ is designed so that it can be moved by external influence. Such mobility is achieved in particular by way of a thread 9 , 9 ′.
  • the wall section 8 , 8 ′ is removed from the squeezed seal 3 ′, which as a result loses its sealing function and opens a passage, so that the two components K 1 , K 2 can come into contact and/or react with one another.
  • the seal 3 ′ becomes so loose that it falls into one chamber.
  • the seal 3 ′ is manufactured from an elastic material of the kind typically used for the sealing of liquids.
  • FIG. 3 a shows a version with a thread 9
  • FIG. 3 b has two threads 9 , 9 ′.
  • FIG. 3 b ) is advantageous over 3 a ) because in a first step the first chamber can be filled with a component K 1 or K 2 , after which the seal 3 ′ can be screwed on via a thread 9 and hence tightly sealed via the wall section 8 , and only at a later point in time can this part, which has the function of a lid, be screwed onto the second part of the packaging form, with the other component, K 2 or K 1 , with the second thread 9 ′, and hence the second chamber as well can be closed off tightly via the wall section 8 ′.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment P 4 of a packaging form 6 , respectively a pack 5 that is used.
  • the dividing wall 3 is of extractable design.
  • the connecting points in the region where the dividing wall is connected to the inside wall of the chambers 1 , 2 have predetermined breakage points for this purpose.
  • Particularly suitable for extraction are embodiments for which the dividing wall 3 is connected to a tearing tab 16 .
  • FIG. 4 a shows a version in which only the dividing wall 3 is connected to the inside walls of the chambers 1 , 2 .
  • the connecting points in the region where the dividing wall is connected to the inside wall of the chambers 1 , 2 has a predetermined breakage point, in the same way as the region where the tearing tab 16 is connected to the outer wall.
  • FIG. 4 b when the dividing wall is extracted, at the same time the cover 11 , which is connected to the tearing tab 16 and the dividing wall, is separated from the packaging form as well, thereby producing an opening 10 through which the two components which have come into contact with one another can be removed from the pack.
  • FIG. 5 shows one preferred embodiment of embodiment P 1 .
  • the first chamber 1 containing one component K 1 is composed of a fragile glass or plastic ampoule 3 .
  • the second chamber 2 containing the other component K 2 is likewise a fragile glass or plastic ampoule.
  • the two ampoules are preferably arranged in a tube-in-tube arrangement or—as depicted—in an ampoule-in-ampoule arrangement.
  • This ampoule arrangement is recessed in a receptacle whose outer walls 4 are manufactured from flexible plastic or cardboard.
  • This plastic receptacle additionally has an opening 10 which is covered by a porous cover 20 , in particular by a felt strip or a sponge.
  • This embodiment P 1 therefore represents a disposable packaging form for the application of a two-component aqueous adhesion promoter composition. It is especially suitable for small quantities.
  • This packaging form is suitable in particular for the pre-treatment of a sheet of vehicle glazing, in particular a car window or screen.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further preferred embodiment of embodiment P 1 .
  • a fragile glass or plastic ampoule 3 containing one component K 1 is held in a bottle with a fixing means 14 that contains the other component K 2 .
  • FIG. 6 a shows an embodiment with a horizontal ampoule 3 .
  • the ampoule in this case can be broken, where appropriate, by a rigid means, a metal spatula for example, so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react, or the ampoule can be made to burst by compression or impact of the bottle.
  • the rigid means may be introduced through an opening in the bottle. After the means has been removed, the bottle can where appropriate be sealed and shaken.
  • FIG. 6 b shows an embodiment with a vertical ampoule 3 .
  • the design of the ampoule is such that it is longer than the bottle height and protrudes into a fixing means 14 in the lid 12 .
  • the lid 12 carries a thread 9 and preferably has a safety tab 13 , which prevents the lid 12 being rotated inadvertently.
  • the safety tab 13 is removed and the lid 12 is rotated, as a result of which the base of the lid 12 moves towards the ampoule 3 and places it under pressure for breaking or tearing, so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react.
  • the lid closure ensures, furthermore, that the bottle is tight and can be shaken. In both embodiments, according to FIGS.
  • a felt or fine net 20 for the application of the reaction mixture after the components K 1 , K 2 have been mixed, in order to prevent the emergence from the packaging form of any splinters which may come from the broken ampoule.
  • a felt or a sponge since a felt or sponge is fully saturated by the two-component aqueous adhesion promoter composition and is therefore very suitable for applying said composition.
  • the felt or sponge is typically connected to a shaped part which has a thread and can be screwed onto the thread 9 of the bottle.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further preferred embodiment of the embodiment P 1 .
  • a chamber 1 there is at least one metal ball as a mixing assistant 17 .
  • the dividing wall 3 present between the two chambers is broken or torn by the ball 17 , so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react.
  • the ball 17 can be provided with points or edges in order to facilitate tearing of the dividing wall 3 .
  • the thickness and nature of the dividing wall 3 and also the amount and surface design of the balls 17 that are used are to be selected such that the dividing wall 3 can be destroyed by simple shaking of the packaging form 6 , but not unintentionally, such as in the event of small vibrations as may occur in the course of transport.
  • FIG. 7 b Besides the variant shown in FIG. 7 a ) with dividing wall 3 stretching between the outer walls 4 , 4 ′ between the chambers, in FIG. 7 b ) a modification of the ampoule 3 shown in FIG. 6 is depicted, which contains one component.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further preferred embodiment of the embodiment P 1 .
  • one component K 1 is packed in a chamber 1 which forms a bubble 21 .
  • the design of the bubble 21 is such that at its base it is connected to the dividing wall 3 and at that point has a predetermined breakage point.
  • the lid 12 By removal of the safety tab 13 it is possible for the lid 12 to be rotated shut via the thread 9 , as a result of which the base of the lid 12 moves towards the bubble. This squeezes the bubble 21 until the pressure produced is sufficiently great to rupture the predetermined breakage point, so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react.
  • This embodiment is suitable in particular for low-viscosity components K 1 , K 2 .
  • the bubble 21 has a clamp closure 18 .
  • the lid 12 is first screwed off by means of thread 9 .
  • the clamp closure 18 is removed, thereby opening the passage between the chambers 1 and 2 , so that components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react. This may be assisted by the pressing-out of the bubble 21 .
  • the bubble is designed such that it is connected to the wall 8 of the other chamber 2 in such a way that it can be easily removed in order to allow, subsequently, the affixing of a felt or a sponge, in particular by means of the thread 9 , to the opening 10 for the purpose of applying the adhesion promoter composition.
  • FIG. 9 shows another preferred embodiment of the embodiment P 1 .
  • it takes the form of a bottle 5 or a double-hose pouch 5 , which has two chambers 1 , 2 , which are separated from one another by a dividing wall 3 disposed in the lengthwise direction of the bottle or pouch.
  • the outer walls 4 , 4 ′ of the bottle 5 or pouch 5 are manufactured from a highly elastic material, while the dividing wall 3 is manufactured either from a rigid material or in a very thin form.
  • the dividing wall tears—depicted in FIG. 9 ′—so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react.
  • the pouch or bottle preferably has a thread 9 with a tightly closing lid 12 .
  • this lid 12 can be opened and the reaction mixture can be applied to a surface.
  • FIG. 10 shows a preferred embodiment of embodiment P 2 .
  • one chamber 1 forms a part of the lid 12 of a bottle 5 .
  • FIGS. 10 a )- f ) show different preferred arrangements in this context.
  • the cutting means 7 are connected to the wall 8 or lie on it, in the form for example of a ring, and are directed towards the dividing wall 3 of the chamber 1 , 2 .
  • the lid 12 and hence the chambers 1 , 2 to be moved by way of the thread 9 ′, by rotation, towards the cutting means 7 .
  • the cutting means 7 make contact with the dividing wall 3 , which is manufactured from a severable material, the wall 3 is cut through, so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react. If the cutting means 7 are arranged excentrically in relation to the axis of rotation of the lid 12 —as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of cutting means 7 are arranged in distribution over the opening of the bottle. Between the cutting means there are passages for the component K 1 , K 2 in the chamber 1 , 2 .
  • This type is typically achieved by means of a perforated plate or net with points which is directed against the dividing wall, and which lies on or is connected to the wall 8 .
  • the lid 12 and hence the chamber 1 , 2 By removal of the safety tab 13 it is possible for the lid 12 and hence the chamber 1 , 2 to be moved by way of the thread 9 ′, by means of rotation, towards the cutting means 7 .
  • the cutting means 7 make contact with the dividing wall 3 , which is manufactured from a severable material, the wall 3 is cut through, so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react.
  • the presence of a plurality of cutting means 7 arranged in this way has the advantage that at the same time the dividing wall 3 is perforated at a number of locations simultaneously and hence the dividing wall is efficiently destroyed.
  • the component K 1 is packed in different chambers 1 , 1 ′, 1 ′′ which form a part of the lid 12 .
  • These chambers 1 , 1 ′, 1 ′′ may be filled balls or pouches manufactured from a severable or rupturable material.
  • these chambers 1 , 1 ′, 1 ′′ may be able to contain different components K 1 , K 1 ′, K 1 ′′.
  • a plurality of cutting means 7 are arranged in distribution over the opening of the bottle.
  • the component K 1 is stored in a chamber 1 , which is manufactured from a severable film and forms a part of the lid 12 .
  • the other chamber 2 is sealed with a dividing wall 3 ′.
  • cutting means 7 are mounted close to the two dividing walls 3 , 3 ′.
  • the lid 12 By removal of the safety tab 13 it is possible for the lid 12 to be rotated by way of the thread 9 ′, as a result of which the cutting means 7 move towards one another and in this case cut through the dividing walls 3 , 3 ′, so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react.
  • This embodiment possesses the advantage that both chambers 1 and 2 can be filled with the respective component K 1 , K 2 and can be stored imperviously separately from one another.
  • FIG. 10 e an embodiment is shown in which one chamber 1 forms part of the lid 12 , which is typically connected to the bottle with a thread 9 , and where the lid has a protective cover 19 which can be folded open. Situated beneath this protective cover is one chamber 1 .
  • This chamber is manufactured from a deformable and severable material, a polymeric film, a metal foil or a composite sheet, for example.
  • This part of the chamber typically has a convexity towards the outside.
  • FIG. 10 f The embodiment described in FIG. 10 f ) is very similar to that of FIG. 10 e ) with the cover.
  • one chamber 1 is part of the lid 12 .
  • the chamber is manufactured from a severable material.
  • the other chamber 2 is closed off by a dividing wall 3 , which is likewise manufactured from a severable material.
  • the two walls 3 , 3 ′ which delimit the two chambers 1 , 2 are arranged very close, preferably in contact with one another.
  • FIG. 11 shows a preferred embodiment of embodiment P 4 .
  • the two chambers 1 , 2 are separated from one another by an extractable dividing wall.
  • this dividing wall 3 is connected, additionally, to wall 8 and 8 ′, respectively, of the respective chamber 1 , 2 , and so forms a cover 11 to the opening 10 .
  • the cover 11 is opened by means of a tab 16 .
  • the dividing wall 3 is extracted by means of the predetermined breakage points, which are located at the points where the dividing wall is connected to the inside wall of the chambers 1 , 2 , so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react.
  • the lid can then be screwed on again and shaking, for example, can take place.
  • a felt or sponge can be mounted on the opening 10 ; in particular it can be screwed on by means of the thread 9 .
  • the extractable dividing wall 3 is designed in such a way that it has a tearing tab 16 at the base of the chambers 1 , 2 .
  • This tearing tab 16 is connected, furthermore, to the cover 11 which closes the opening 10 of the bottle. After the lid 12 has been removed the cover 11 can be removed and then it is possible to pull on the tearing tab 16 or directly on the tab 16 , so that the dividing wall 3 detaches from the bottom, by peeling, from the inside walls of the chambers, at the predetermined breakage points, so that the components K 1 , K 2 can mix and/or react.
  • the dividing wall can be produced, for example, by lightly welding a film tape to the inside wall of a bottle.
  • the tearing tab 16 is typically the rest of this film tape.
  • first component K 1 can be present in the first chamber 1 and the second component K 2 can be present in the second chamber 2 or else the first component K 1 can be present in the second chamber 2 and the second component K 2 can be present in the first chamber 1 .
  • the size of the chambers is preferably such that at least one chamber 1 , 2 has a greater volume than the volume of the component K 1 , K 2 present within it.
  • the volume not occupied by the said component corresponds at least to the volume of the other component.
  • the volume ratio K 1 /K 2 of the first component K 1 to the second component K 2 is between 1000/1 and 1/1000, in particular between 200/1 to 10/1 or between 1/200 to 1/10. With preference the volume ratio K 1 /K 2 is between 200/1 to 20/1 or between 1/200 to 1/20.
  • the walls of the chambers may be composed of one or more materials which are impervious to diffusion of water in liquid or gaseous state or at least so impermeable that the desired storage stability is not adversely affected.
  • Particularly suitable for this purpose are aluminium or glass or composites.
  • This kind of chamber has the advantage that the wall can be severed at any point and so does not require precise positioning of the pouch.
  • Pouches of this kind are suitable in particular for the embodiments according to FIG. 10 .
  • the packaging form 6 is produced by filling of the chambers 1 and 2 with the components K 1 , K 2 , followed where appropriate by the assembly of the pack.
  • the packaging form has a good storage stability, typically of at least 6 months, in particular of at least 9 months. If the packaging form 6 is to be used to apply an adhesion promoter, it can be activated specifically. For this purpose the dividing wall 3 must be removed or severed so that the components K 1 , K 2 can make contact, mix and/or react. Mixing may be assisted by shaking. Subsequently the adhesion promoter composition prepared in this way is removed from the packaging form 6 and applied to a surface to be bonded or sealed.
  • the adhesion promoter composition is applied immediately.
  • the surface may be composed of very different material, particular preference being given to glass, glass ceramics, metals, paints and plastics. Where appropriate it may be necessary for the surface to be pretreated, prior to application of the adhesion promoter, by further chemical, physical or physicochemical methods. For application it is preferred to mount a porous cover 20 , in particular a felt or a sponge, on a packaging form 6 with opening 10 .
  • a porous cover 20 of this kind is typically affixed to a shaped part which ensures, in the edge region, a connection with the pack. This connection is achieved preferably by way of a screw connection via a thread 9 .
  • the two-component adhesion promoter composition is applied in a film thickness of less than 1 millimetre, typically in a film thickness of less than 100 micrometres. If the adhesion promoter composition comprises fillers and/or binders, a film thickness between 1 and 100 micrometres, in particular between 1 and 20 micrometres, is preferred.
  • a film thickness is preferred which is between one molecular monolayer of the compound A and 50 micrometres, in particular between 2 nanometres and 10 micrometres, in particular between 10 nanometres and 1 micrometre.
  • Organoalkoxysilane used.
  • Organoalkoxysilane A1110 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane
  • A1120 N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane
  • A1130 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyl- trimethoxysilane
  • A1170 bis(trimethoxysilylpropyl)amine
  • Dy1122 bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)amine
  • A187 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane
  • GLYEO 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane
  • A189 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane
  • A174 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane MTMS methyltrimethoxysilane
  • reaction product RP 1 was prepared from 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, by mixing 1 mol of A1120 with 3 mol of A187. Immediately after mixing it was possible to check the conversion by IR. The band at about 910 cm ⁇ 1 which is characteristic of the epoxy group can in fact still be detected immediately after mixing, but rapidly disappears. TABLE 2 Surfactants used.
  • reaction product RP 1 was added to 2.5 g of reaction product RP 1 in a glass vessel (diameter 12 mm, 4 cm high, volume about 4.5 ml, with plastic screw lid), which beforehand had been dried in an oven at 200° C. for one day and cooled to room temperature at 25° C./50% relative humidity. Subsequently the vessels thus filled were closed with lids and stored in an oven (Ehret, TK/L 4061) with circulating air at 50° C. Over 30 days the samples were visually inspected daily. Table 2 reports the stability, specifically by reporting the number of days until the sample was observed to gel. If the sample was still perfect after day 30, the value >30 was reported.
  • reaction product RP 1 already described was used.
  • reaction product RP 2 was prepared from 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyltrimethoxysilane, by mixing 1 mol of A1130 with 6.6 mol of A187.
  • RP 1 or RP 2 was mixed with different surfactants in a mixing ratio S:T of 2.125:1, corresponding to an organoalkoxysilane S fraction of 68% by weight as a proportion of the total weight of the overall composition, as described above.
  • S:T mixing ratio
  • organoalkoxysilane S fraction 68% by weight as a proportion of the total weight of the overall composition, as described above.
  • the vessel with a sealed lid was stored at 50° C. as already described in the oven, or at 23° C./50% relative humidity.
  • the stability was determined as for the experiments of Table 3.
  • the comparative experimental series Ref.S 3 took place without the addition of surfactants, i.e., as pure organoalkoxysilanes.
  • aqueous adhesion promoter compositions prepared in Table 8 were applied, after the time indicated in Tables 9 and 10 as hydrolysis time after the mixing of the components K 1 and K 2 , by means of a cellulose cloth impregnated with them (Tela® cloth, Tela-Kimberly Switzerland GmbH), application taking place to float glass (tin side, Rocholl GmbH, Germany), or to the ceramic edge of an ESG BMW rear screen from Saint-Gobain Sekurit (“ceramic”).
  • DM2 moisture-curing polyurethane adhesive
  • MMC SikaTack®-Move Goes Cool
  • the adhesion was assessed by means of the bead test.
  • the adhesion of the adhesive was tested by means of the ‘bead test’.
  • This test an incision is made at the end just above the adhesion face.
  • the incised end of the bead is held with round pliers and pulled from the substrate. This is done by carefully rolling up the bead on the tip of the pliers, and placing a cut vertical to the bead pulling direction down to the bare substrate.
  • the rate of bead removal is selected so that a cut has to be made about every 3 seconds.
  • the test length must amount to at least 8 cm.
  • An assessment is made of the adhesive which remains on the substrate after the bead has been pulled off (cohesive fracture).
  • the adhesion properties are evaluated by estimation of the cohesive fracture of the adhesion face:
  • the second component K 2 consisted of water and 1% by weight acetic acid. 1.05 g of component K 1 were introduced into 49 g of component K 2 and the mixture was shaken. This mixture was subsequently applied to the ceramic edge of a VSG front screen of a Mitsubishi Space Wagon from Splintex, by means of a cellulose cloth soaked with the mixture (Tela® cloth, Tela-Kimberly Switzerland GmbH).

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US20090062464A1 (en) * 2007-09-05 2009-03-05 Xerox Corporation Method, apparatus and system for preparing adhesive-promoter-treated hot melt adhesives in continuous mode
US20100112315A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Xerox Corporation Laminating film and methods of use thereof
US20100323203A1 (en) * 2006-11-20 2010-12-23 Sika Technology Ag Bonding agent containing a silane reaction product
US20180118987A1 (en) * 2015-03-30 2018-05-03 Cemedine Co., Ltd. One-part water-based adhesive composition

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DE102009019330A1 (de) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Ewald Dörken Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von einem Additionsprodukt
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CN1923938A (zh) 2007-03-07
US20080314518A1 (en) 2008-12-25
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CN1923938B (zh) 2011-11-30
MXPA06009970A (es) 2007-05-11
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JP2007070629A (ja) 2007-03-22
KR20070026247A (ko) 2007-03-08
CA2558153A1 (en) 2007-03-02
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JP5058535B2 (ja) 2012-10-24
ZA200607342B (en) 2008-05-28

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