US2800375A - Slide track for machine tools - Google Patents

Slide track for machine tools Download PDF

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Publication number
US2800375A
US2800375A US440757A US44075754A US2800375A US 2800375 A US2800375 A US 2800375A US 440757 A US440757 A US 440757A US 44075754 A US44075754 A US 44075754A US 2800375 A US2800375 A US 2800375A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lubricant
slide track
pressure chambers
pumps
sliding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US440757A
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English (en)
Inventor
Heer Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer Escher Wyss AG
Original Assignee
Escher Wyss AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Escher Wyss AG filed Critical Escher Wyss AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2800375A publication Critical patent/US2800375A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/38—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with a separate pump; Central lubrication systems
    • F16N7/40—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with a separate pump; Central lubrication systems in a closed circulation system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B23Q1/30—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members controlled in conjunction with the feed mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B23Q1/38—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members using fluid bearings or fluid cushion supports
    • B23Q1/385—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members using fluid bearings or fluid cushion supports in which the thickness of the fluid-layer is adjustable

Definitions

  • the invention has for its object to reduce the power consumption for the movement of the sliding body, as compared with the hitherto known constructional forms of slide tracks.
  • a slide track for machine tools presents at its surface a plurality of recesses arranged distributed therein and forming between the slide track and the sliding body chambers surrounded by guide tracks, and that a plurality of lubricant feeds are each separately connected to at least one of these chambers, each of the said feeds supplying such a quantity of lubricant under pressure to the said chambers that a gap of sufiicient width for ensuring liquid friction by lubricant discharging I therethrough is formed between the guide tracks and the sliding body. In this way liquid friction with minimum friction loss both in the rest position and also at any sliding speed is attained.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of the circular slide tracks of a vertical lathe
  • Figure 2 is a radial section through the outer slide track and the part sliding thereon, taken on the line II-II of Figure 1,
  • Figure 3 is a corresponding section through a slide track, which also comprises a guideway for a counterholcling bar,
  • Figure 4 is a section in the sliding direction through a pressure chamber according to the line IV-IV of Figure 1, and
  • Figure 5 shows a complete arrangement of the lubricating means for the slide track of a vertical lathe.
  • the mounting of the face plate of a vertical lathe comprises, according to Figure 1, an inner slide track 1 and an outer slide track 2.
  • Eight pressure chambers 3 are provided in the inner slide track and thirty-two such chambers 4 are provided in the outer slide track, said pressure chambers being formed by recesses at the surfaces of the slide tracks.
  • the pressure chambers 4 are surrounded by guide tracks 2
  • Four lubricant feed devices 5 are each separately connected to a group of two pressure chambers 3 of the inner slide track, and eight lubricant supply devices 6 are each separately connected ⁇ mat 2,8903 Patented July 23, 1957 2 to a group of four pressure chambers 4 of the outer slide track.
  • Each of the lubricant supply devices of the inner slide track is supplied with lubricant by a separate pump 7 and each of the lubricant supply devices of the outer slide track is supplied with lubricant by a separate pump 8.
  • each of the feed devices 5 and 6, respectively, and the pressure chambers 3 and 4, respectively, connected thereto and filled with lubricant is supplied with such a quantity of lubricant that the lubricant discharging between the guide tracks and the sliding part forms a lubricant film of adequate thickness for ensuring the liquid friction with minimum friction loss, both in the rest position and also at any sliding speed.
  • Figure 2 represents a section to a larger scale through the outer slide track and that part of the face plate which is sliding thereon. This part of the face plate is indicated at 9. A slip lining 11 is fixed on this part 9 by means of screws 10. The lubricant passes from the associated lubricant feed device 6 through a connecting pipe 12 and a passage 13 into the pressure chamber 4.
  • the sliding part 9 is lifted by the pressure of the liquid to such an extent that the lubricant is able to discharge through gaps 14 between the guide'tracks 2 and the sliding part 9 into collecting ducts 15 of the slide track 2, in order from thence to be supplied again to the lubricant collecting vessel (not shown), from which the pumps withdraw their delivery quantity.
  • the pumps supply their entire output through the lubricant feed devices to the pressure chambers, so that the lubricant pressure is adjusted in accordance with the prevailing load of the slide surface.
  • the output of the pumps is made so large that the sliding part 9 is lifted to such an extent that the gap 14 is given a sufficient width and thus a lubricant film of sufficient thickness is formed for ensuring liquid friction with minimum friction loss.
  • the lubricant naturally also discharges tangentially from the chambers 4, it then being deflected radially outwards or inwards in the zone between the chambers.
  • the guide tracks 2 thus serve less as slide surfaces than as stabilising surfaces for the sliding part, which in this case, in contrast to slide tracks of hitherto known construction, is supported mainly on the liquid buffer contained in the pressure chambers and not on the lubricant films between the sliding surfaces.
  • the pressure chambers may be constructed as uniform depressions in the slide track.
  • the pressure chambers in this case are fashioned as depressions of the slide track, which chambers are tapered in an area 16 in the sliding direction.
  • Pressure chambers 21 filled with lubricant are arranged in the supporting surface in the manner described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 in connection with the pressure chambers 4.
  • the pressure liquid is supplied through bores 22 and flows on the one hand into a collecting duct 23 and on the other hand into a chamber 24, in order to pass from the latter through bores 25 into a' collecting duct 26.
  • a plurality of pressure chambers 27 filled with lubricant are also arranged distributed in the guide surface for the counterholding bar.
  • a plurality of separate lubricant supply devices'28, each ofwhich supplies a predetermined quantity of lubricant, are each connected toat least one of the pressure chambers 27'.
  • the lubricant discharges through the gaps disposed on both sides of the pressure chambers, eitherdirectly or by way of the space 24 through thebores 25 intothe collecting duct 26.
  • the measures described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 are here also transferred to the lubrication of the guide tracks of the counterholding bar.
  • the counterholding bar prevents too powerful a lifting of the sliding body 18' of the machine tool, whether it be due to the pressure in the chambers 21 or due to external forces. Due to the fact that lubricant is forced into the pressure chambers 27, however, a complete bearing of the counterholding bar on its guide way is prevented.
  • the result can be attained that both the guide tracks of the sliding body 18 and also those of the counterholding bar may be provided with lubricant films of sufficient thickness in order to keep the friction losses small. 7
  • lubricant feed devices being individually equipped with separate pumps, it is also possible for them to emanate from a common feed pipe which is supplied by a single pump.
  • each of the pressure chambers or each of the groups of such chambers is given a quantity of lubricant sufiicient for ensuring liquid friction
  • means are provided by which the distribution of the output to the individual feed devices is regulated in prescribed manner.
  • the total output of the pump is sufficient'in order to provide all pressure chambers with the quantity of lubricant which is necessary for, attaining liquid friction.
  • the quantity of lubricant which is to be supplied to the pressure chamber for maintaining the liquid friction is mainly varied with a change in the sliding speed
  • the quantity of lubricant may be kept substantially constant.
  • the lubricant demand is increased, particularly on account of the heating of the lubricant due to the increased frictional energy and the resultant decrease in the viscosity.
  • FIG. 5 A complete arrangement of the lubrication'means of the slide track of a vertical lathe which satisfies these demands is shown in Figure 5.
  • 29 represents the face plate of a vertical lathe, said face plate being guided with a pin 30 in bearings 31 and comprising a sliding part 32.
  • the latter is moved on a slide track 33, which comprises pressure chambers 34 to which the lubricant feed devices 35 are connected.
  • Each of these lubricant feed devices of which only one is shown in its full length for simplicity of illustration, leads to a pump 36 of the displacement type.
  • These pumps are all driven by a common shaft 37 and draw in lubricant from a container 38.
  • the lubricant discharging from the slide track is led back to the container 38 by way of a pipe 39.
  • a driving motor 40 transmits the turning movement to the face plate 29 of the vertical lathe by way of gear wheels 41, 42, 43, 44.
  • a further motor 45 drives the pumps 36 at such a speed that the pumps deliver a quantity of lubricant which assures the production of a sufficient thickness of lubricant film when the table is at rest or is turning at slow speed.
  • the motor 40 is also in communication by way of a chain drive 49 and the gear wheels 47, 48 or three additional gear wheels 50, 51, 52 with the driving shaft 37 of the pumps.
  • Discs 53, 54, 55 with locking pawls are also included in the drive mechanism.
  • the pumps are driven from the motor 45.
  • the locking pawls of the discs 54 and 55 do not then engage.
  • the gear wheel 47 is driven from the chain drive 49 through the locking pawls of the disc 54, while the locking pawl of the disc 53 slips on the assoc iated ratchet which is now running more slowly.
  • the drive by way of the disc 55 serves for the drive of the pumps from the driving motor 40, also with reverse rotation of the face plate or the said motor, when a certain speed of rotation is exceeded.
  • the pawl of the disc 54 slips over the ratchet, while the pawl of the disc 55 comes into engagement, if itis being rotated at a higher speed than corresponds to the speed of the pumps when driven by the motor 45.
  • Sufiicient lubricant pressure is supplied, for example, for the said requirements if, in connection with the slide track of a vertical lathe and boring mill, at least three groups of similar pressure chambers are arranged with uniform distribution on the circumference and one lubricant pump of equal output is connected to each of the said groups.
  • the output of the lubricant pumps may also be regulated manually or automatically under the action of other influencing values, instead of in the manner described.
  • a guide track constructed in accordance with the invention has been described with reference to the drawings in conjunction with a vertical lathe.
  • not only circular slide tracks, but also straight slide tracks, for example, for planing machines and milling machines may be constructed in a corresponding manner. Iri such cases, it is merely necessary to ensure that the sliding part of the machine tool always bears on a plurality of pressure chambers supplied by separate lubricant feed devices. It is however, unimportant if separate pressure chambers or groups of such chambers are uncovered temporarily in the course of the movement. The delivered quantity of liquid then simply discharges Without pressure at those positions.
  • a slide track for machine tools comprising a stationary member, a second member capable of transmitting load forces movable relative to said stationary member, said stationary member and said second member having surfaces bearing against each other, one of said bearing surfaces comprising narrow lands delimiting a plurality of pockets; a plurality of lubricant feed devices, each separately connected to at least one of said pockets; pumps of the displacement type, one for each of said lubricant feed devices and separately connected therewith, for supplying lubricant under pressure through said feed devices to said pockets; continuously active lowspeed driving means and driving means having a speed proportional to the sliding speed of said second member; and means serving automatically to connect the said pumps with whichever one of the driving means has the higher speed, so that the pumps are driven at a constant relatively low speed of rotation at low sliding speed of the second member and at relatively higher speeds proportional to said sliding speed when the latter is high.
  • a slide track for machine tools comprising a stationary member, a second member capable of transmitting load forces movable relative to said stationary member, said stationary member and said second member having surfaces bearing against each other, one of said bearing surfaces comprising narrow lands delimiting a plurality of pockets; a plurality of lubricant feed devices, each separately connected to at least one of said pockets; pumps of the displacement type, one for each of said lubricant feed devices and separately connected therewith, for supplying lubricant under pressure through said feed devices to said pockets; and means for driving said pumps at speeds which increase from a chosen minimum as the sliding speed of the second member increases above a chosen value, and for driving said pumps at said minimum when said sliding speed is at or below said chosen value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
US440757A 1953-07-16 1954-07-01 Slide track for machine tools Expired - Lifetime US2800375A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH771892X 1953-07-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2800375A true US2800375A (en) 1957-07-23

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ID=4535475

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US440757A Expired - Lifetime US2800375A (en) 1953-07-16 1954-07-01 Slide track for machine tools

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2800375A (de)
CH (1) CH317617A (de)
DE (1) DE1077943B (de)
FR (1) FR1109449A (de)
GB (1) GB771892A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3165365A (en) * 1961-12-05 1965-01-12 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Bearing arrangement for vertical shafts
DE1294797B (de) * 1960-05-19 1969-05-08 New Britain Machine Co Werkstuecktisch fuer Werkzeugmaschine
EP1413389A1 (de) * 2002-10-25 2004-04-28 Mori Seiki Co., Ltd. Werkzeugmaschine mit hydrostatischer Führung
US20130136384A1 (en) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-30 Alex-Tech Machinery Industrial Co., Ltd. Rotary table for a machine tool
JP2014151429A (ja) * 2013-02-14 2014-08-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 摺動面の焼付防止装置

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB876171A (en) * 1956-12-07 1961-08-30 Fairey Co Ltd Improvements relating to bearing arrangements for machine tool and other slides
DE1128253B (de) 1958-01-18 1962-04-19 Schiess Ag Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Zufuhr des Schmiermittels zu waagerechten Fuehrungsbahnen von Werkzeugmaschinen
DE1148123B (de) 1958-05-08 1963-05-02 Schiess Ag Einrichtung zur Einstellung der Schmierfilmdicke unter dem gleitend bewegbaren Arbeitstisch einer Werkzeug-maschine, insbesondere unter der Planscheibe einer Karusselldrehbank
FR1311765A (fr) * 1960-05-23 1962-12-14 Derefa Etablissement Pour Le D Installation de graissage sous pression de glissières d'organes de machines-outils
US3724597A (en) * 1971-11-19 1973-04-03 A Bereit Device for the hydrostatic supporting of machine parts

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US603260A (en) * 1898-05-03 Means for lubricating shaft-bearings
GB186595A (en) * 1921-09-30 1923-05-17 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Improvements relating to the lubrication of bearings
GB570984A (en) * 1943-01-30 1945-08-01 Cincinnati Milling Machine Co Improvements in or relating to bearing structures
US2578711A (en) * 1947-06-27 1951-12-18 Cincinnati Milling Machine Co Bearing
US2731305A (en) * 1952-09-11 1956-01-17 Gen Electric High speed thrust bearing structure

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE304590C (de) * 1915-08-20
DE608873C (de) * 1932-12-10 1935-02-02 Schiess Defries Akt Ges Schmier- und Kuehlvorrichtung fuer die Gleitbahnen von Karusselldrehbaenken
DE919683C (de) * 1935-12-25 1954-11-02 Pfauter Fa Hermann Lagerung des waagerechten Drehtisches fuer Waelzfraesmaschinen
GB618764A (en) * 1944-03-10 1949-02-28 Cincinnati Milling Machine Co Improvements in or relating to systems for lubricating and supporting horizontal tables of machine tools
FR59618E (fr) * 1949-07-29 1954-06-29 Perfectionnement au montage des plateaux horizontaux rotatifs de machines-outils

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US603260A (en) * 1898-05-03 Means for lubricating shaft-bearings
GB186595A (en) * 1921-09-30 1923-05-17 Vickers Electrical Co Ltd Improvements relating to the lubrication of bearings
GB570984A (en) * 1943-01-30 1945-08-01 Cincinnati Milling Machine Co Improvements in or relating to bearing structures
US2578711A (en) * 1947-06-27 1951-12-18 Cincinnati Milling Machine Co Bearing
US2731305A (en) * 1952-09-11 1956-01-17 Gen Electric High speed thrust bearing structure

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1294797B (de) * 1960-05-19 1969-05-08 New Britain Machine Co Werkstuecktisch fuer Werkzeugmaschine
US3165365A (en) * 1961-12-05 1965-01-12 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Bearing arrangement for vertical shafts
EP1413389A1 (de) * 2002-10-25 2004-04-28 Mori Seiki Co., Ltd. Werkzeugmaschine mit hydrostatischer Führung
US20130136384A1 (en) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-30 Alex-Tech Machinery Industrial Co., Ltd. Rotary table for a machine tool
JP2014151429A (ja) * 2013-02-14 2014-08-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 摺動面の焼付防止装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1109449A (fr) 1956-01-27
DE1077943B (de) 1960-03-17
CH317617A (de) 1956-11-30
GB771892A (en) 1957-04-03

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