US2916334A - Hydraulic motors and pumps - Google Patents

Hydraulic motors and pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
US2916334A
US2916334A US698025A US69802557A US2916334A US 2916334 A US2916334 A US 2916334A US 698025 A US698025 A US 698025A US 69802557 A US69802557 A US 69802557A US 2916334 A US2916334 A US 2916334A
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United States
Prior art keywords
oil
groove
stator
passage
pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US698025A
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English (en)
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Hans Prof Dr Ing Thoma
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F16C33/1065—Grooves on a bearing surface for distributing or collecting the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F01B3/0032—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
    • F01B3/0044—Component parts, details, e.g. valves, sealings, lubrication
    • F01B3/0047—Particularities in the contacting area between cylinder barrel and valve plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
    • F16C17/045—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only with grooves in the bearing surface to generate hydrodynamic pressure, e.g. spiral groove thrust bearings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in hydraulic motors and pumps and has particular application to such machines of the axial piston type either of the type in which the cylinder block rotates about a fixed axis such as shown in US. patent to Janney, 1,020,285, or of the type in which the rotatable cylinder block is oscillatable such as shown in applicants U.S. Patents 1,931,969 and 2,155,455, although certain features of the present invention may be applicable in other machines.
  • thrust bearings comprising a rotatable member sliding on a stationary or stator memberusually a cylinder block, containing a plurality of cylinder bores around its axis, rotating relative to a stationary valve plate thrust member formed with two diametrically opposed circular ports each extending somewhat less than 180.
  • the cylinder bores have exit passages terminating adjacent the valve plate running in alignment with the circular ports in the valve plate.
  • Said circular ports are so arranged circumferentially that one of them is in communication with the exit passages of cylinder bores in which the pistons are moving inwardly while the other circular port is in communication with the exit passages of those cylinders in which the pistons are moving outwardly.
  • the said circular ports constitute, respectively, parts of the intake and delivery conduits.
  • Among the objects of the present invention is to improve the means for lubricating the co-actingsurfaces of such a cylinder block and stator; to provide means for introducing lubricating oil between said surfaces; to assure the formation and preservationof an oil film therebetween and automatically to control the pressure of said lubricating oil film whereby the surfaces are automatically separated slightly while keeping the leakage of oil to a minimum.
  • Another object is to provide passages to an o l dlstributing groove which is brought into communication only intermittently with a source of oil under pressure.
  • Another object is to provide such passages with a check valve to prevent return of oil from the oil distrlbuting groove.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of part of such a pump or motor taken on lines 1-1 of Fig. 2 and also on line 1-1 of Fig. 3; a Fig. 2 is a face view of the valve plate of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a face view of the end of the cylinder block of Fig. 1; v
  • Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a modified form of construction
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing certain parts of Fig. 4. e
  • Z indicates the rotatable cylinder block formed with cylinder bores C with which connect exit passages C (Figs. land *3).
  • P indicates one of the pistons.
  • St represents the valve plate or stator.
  • a thrust-bearing surface Sp is provided exteriorly of the valve portsS'and D. in the form shown in Fig. 2 there is provided out wardly of the thrust bearing surface Sp a continuous circular oil distributing groove Dr which is supplied with mannerflto be described presently. leading from port D and the other from port S.
  • a suitable check valve comprising, for example, the ball d gdirectional oil flow.
  • the bore d of the valve plate St. der block is provided with one or more pockets L each of which extends sufficiently outwardly to overlie the groove Dr and to intermittently overlie the bore d so as to form a bridging connection therebetween. Therefore, while such bridging occurs oil under pressure flows from,
  • Two bores d are provided,"oiie may be advantageously provided to insure uni- As seen in Figs. 1 and 3 the cylin Their number and circumferential extent will be so selected as to provide adequate but not excessive average oil pressure in the groove Dr and in the oil film supplied .therefrom. g
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 show two bores d one leading from each of the ports D and S. Only one or said bores is under pressure at any one time but it is desirable to provide at least two such bores so that when the'pressure in the ports D and S is reversed, as when reversal of the direction of flow through the unit, when used as a pump, takes place, there will still be provisions for supplying pressure oil to the oil distributing groove Dr and the rubbing surfaces. At any one time only one of the bores d is connected with the pressure side whereas the other bore d communicates with the suction or intake side which'is under very little orno pressure. This permits oil to flow through the bore d connected with the intake port into said port.
  • the locations of the bores d are so related to the spacing of the pockets L that there is at no time an open passage leading from a bore d through a pocket L, through the groove Dr to another pocket L and out through the other bore d. This causes the pressure oil to be confined in the oil distributing groove Dr and in the oil film between the parts Z and St. In the form shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, this is brought about by locating the bores d diametrically opposite whereas there are seven pockets L.
  • the oil distributing groove Dr be made as long as possible. To obtain this it is desirable that it approach a circle or at least be arranged generally concentrically as by using a generally serpentine path.
  • the groove Dr may be broken up into a number 4 of small groove sections whereby the succession of groove sections provides the desired distributing action.
  • Fig. 4 shows a form of the invention in which the number of the bores or passages d has been increased to four. These bores may be supplied with check valves as shown in Fig. 1 so that for either direction of oil flow pressure oil will be made available to the bores d.
  • the four barriers B divide the oil distributing groove into four sections each supplied individually with pressure oil through its bore d.
  • cutouts or depressions T are shown formed in the throttling groove Dr (Figs. 4 and 5) whereby the spreading of the oil between the thrust bearing and valving surfaces is facilitated without, however, eliminating the desired oil distributing effect.
  • the depressions T may be of any desired shape if they do not approach too near to the edges of the thrust bearing surfaces.
  • the funnel formation (usually conical) provides sloping walls so that the desired oil film is formed not only through the original oil pressure but also by the usual lubricating film formation between sliding surfaces.
  • the depressions T will also serve to collect and store any foreign matter which might otherwise clog the groove Dr.
  • stator St and cylinder block Z may be spherical as shown, plane, conical, or even cylindrical. With cylindrical or substantially cylindrical valve surfaces the throttling groove would desirably extend in the direction of relative movement. . While the oil distributing groove Dr has been shown as located in the stator member it might, of course, be located additionally or instead in the rotating member such as the cylinder block Z in which case the pockets L would be located in the stator St. I
  • a stator provided with a bearing face, a rotatable member having a bearing face abutting and rotating upon the stator face, said stator face being formed with a generally circular groove extending substantially entirely around the axis of rotation of the rotatable member generally concentric with said axis, and means in communication with the groove for supplying oil under pressure to said groove comprising at least. one oil passage from a source of oil under pressure to a point adjacent to but not opening into the groove, and at least one pocket formed in the rotatable member and so located and dimensioned as to momentarily connectsaid oil supply passage with the groove during each rotation of the rotatable member.
  • a stator provided with a bearing face, a rotatable member having a bearing face abutting androtating upon the stator face, said stator face being formed with a generally circular groove extending substantially entirely around the axis of rotation of the rotatable member generally concentric with said axis, and means in communication with the groove for supplying oil under pressure to said groove comprising at least one oil passage from a source of 011 under pressure to a point adjacent to but not opening into the groove, at least one pocket formed in the rotatable member and so located and dimensioned as to momentarily connect said oil supply passage with the groove during each rotation of the rotatable member, and a check Ealve in said oil passage arranged to prevent reverse oil ow.
  • a'stator provided with a bearing face, a rotatable member having a bearing face abutting and rotating upon the stator face, said stator face being formed with an oil distributing groove, and means in communication with the groove for supplying oil under pressure intermittently to said groove comprising at least one passage from a source of oil under pressure to a point adjacent to but not opening into the groove, and at least one pocket formed in the rotatable member and so located and dimensioned as to momentarily connect said oil supply passage with the groove during each rotation of the rotatable member.
  • a stator provided With a bearing face, a rotatable member having a bearing face abutting and rotating upon the stator face, said stator face being formed with an oil distributing groove, and means in communication with the groove for supplying oil under pressure intermittently to said groove comprising at least one passage from a source of oil under pressure to a point adjacent to but not opening into the groove, and at least one pocket formed in the rotatable member and so located and dimensioned as to momentarily connect said oil supply passage with the groove during each rotation of the rotatable member, together with an oil escape passage connected to a low pressure space adapted to receive oil flowing from said groove, said oiI escape passage being so located that said at least one pocket momentarily connects it with said groove, whereby oil flows intermittently from said groove, through said pocket and said oil escape passage to said low pressure space.
  • a stator provided with a bearing face, a rotatable member having a bearing face abutting and rotating upon the stator face, said stator face being formed with an oil distributing groove, and means in communication with the groove for supplying oil under pressure intermittently to said groove comprising a passage from a source of oil under pressure to a point adjacent to but not opening into the groove, and a plurality of pockets formed in the rotatable member and so located and dimensioned as to momentarily connect said oil supply passage with the groove during each rotation of the rotatable member, together with an oil escape passage connected to a low pressure space adapted to receive oil flowing from said groove, said oil escape passage being so located that said pockets momentarily connect it with said groove, whereby oil flows intermittently from said groove, through said pockets and said oil escape passage to said low pressure space.
  • a stator provided with a bearing face, a rotatable member having a bearing face abutting and rotating upon the stator face, one of said faces being formed with an oil distributing groove, and means in communication with the groove for supplying oil under pressure intermittently to said groove comprising at least one passage from a source of oil under pressure to a point adjacent to but not opening into the groove, and at least one pocket formed in the other bearing face and so located and dimensioned as to momentarily connect said oil supply passage with the groove during each rotation of the rotatable member, together with an oil escape passage connected to a low pressure space adapted to receive oil flowing from said groove, said oil escape passage being so located that said at least one pocket momentarily connects it with said groove, whereby oil flows intermittently from said groove, through said pocket and said oil escape passage to said low pressure space.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US698025A 1954-04-15 1957-11-20 Hydraulic motors and pumps Expired - Lifetime US2916334A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB11235/54A GB767213A (en) 1954-04-15 1954-04-15 Improvements in or relating to axial piston gear

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2916334A true US2916334A (en) 1959-12-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US698025A Expired - Lifetime US2916334A (en) 1954-04-15 1957-11-20 Hydraulic motors and pumps

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2916334A (fr)
CH (1) CH324815A (fr)
FR (1) FR1079367A (fr)
GB (1) GB767213A (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3096723A (en) * 1958-12-29 1963-07-09 Bendix Corp Floating port plate construction
US3181476A (en) * 1961-09-14 1965-05-04 Sperry Rand Corp Power transmission
US3181477A (en) * 1961-09-14 1965-05-04 Sperry Rand Corp Power transmission
US3190231A (en) * 1962-04-06 1965-06-22 Dowty Hydraulic Units Ltd Hydraulic apparatus
US3604314A (en) * 1968-05-06 1971-09-14 Mannesmann Meer Ag Hydrostatic axial piston machine
US6537045B2 (en) 2000-07-05 2003-03-25 Tecumseh Products Company Rotating machine having lubricant-containing recesses on a bearing surface
US20110056369A1 (en) * 2008-04-01 2011-03-10 Purdue Research Foundation Axial sliding bearing and method of reducing power losses thereof

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1183764B (de) * 1960-09-03 1964-12-17 Citroen Sa Hydrostatische Getriebeeinheit
GB1184544A (en) * 1966-05-06 1970-03-18 Molins Machine Co Ltd Improvements relating to Fluid Servo Motors.
DE2145056A1 (de) * 1971-09-09 1973-03-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kolbenmaschine
US4183288A (en) * 1974-06-13 1980-01-15 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Static pressure thrust bearing
DE102014206122B4 (de) * 2014-04-01 2024-10-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydrostatische Axialkolbenmaschine mit einer druckbeaufschlagten Vorrichtung in der Steuerscheibe zur Kompensation einer dynamisch schwellenden Betriebskraft durch Erzeugung einer phasenversetzten zusätzlichen Druckkraft

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2298850A (en) * 1939-08-30 1942-10-13 Vickers Inc Pump or motor

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2298850A (en) * 1939-08-30 1942-10-13 Vickers Inc Pump or motor

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3096723A (en) * 1958-12-29 1963-07-09 Bendix Corp Floating port plate construction
US3181476A (en) * 1961-09-14 1965-05-04 Sperry Rand Corp Power transmission
US3181477A (en) * 1961-09-14 1965-05-04 Sperry Rand Corp Power transmission
US3190231A (en) * 1962-04-06 1965-06-22 Dowty Hydraulic Units Ltd Hydraulic apparatus
US3604314A (en) * 1968-05-06 1971-09-14 Mannesmann Meer Ag Hydrostatic axial piston machine
US6537045B2 (en) 2000-07-05 2003-03-25 Tecumseh Products Company Rotating machine having lubricant-containing recesses on a bearing surface
US20110056369A1 (en) * 2008-04-01 2011-03-10 Purdue Research Foundation Axial sliding bearing and method of reducing power losses thereof
US9115748B2 (en) * 2008-04-01 2015-08-25 Purdue Research Foundation Axial sliding bearing and method of reducing power losses thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH324815A (de) 1957-10-15
GB767213A (en) 1957-01-30
FR1079367A (fr) 1954-11-29

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