US3033775A - Anode for cathodic protection - Google Patents

Anode for cathodic protection Download PDF

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Publication number
US3033775A
US3033775A US830784A US83078459A US3033775A US 3033775 A US3033775 A US 3033775A US 830784 A US830784 A US 830784A US 83078459 A US83078459 A US 83078459A US 3033775 A US3033775 A US 3033775A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
anode
titanium
cathodic protection
alloy
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US830784A
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English (en)
Inventor
Raymond A Chevigny
Richaud Henri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pechiney SA
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Pechiney SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Pechiney SA filed Critical Pechiney SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/12—Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F2213/00—Aspects of inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F2213/30—Anodic or cathodic protection specially adapted for a specific object
    • C23F2213/31—Immersed structures, e.g. submarine structures

Definitions

  • cathodic protection wherein a sacrificial anode is used having a lower electrolytic potential than the material of which the object to be protected is made.
  • this protection is brought about by the formation of a galvanic action be tween the metal to be protected and the sacrificial anode; sometimes a direct current is connected between the auxiliary anode and the metal to be protected.
  • anodes made of steel, graphite, or platinum have been used, although most of these materials have drawbacks. For instance, steel anodes are rapidly destroyed.
  • Another object of this invention is the provision of an anode which has a fairly long life, which does not become brittle, and which is relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the invention comprises the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description and the annexed drawing setting forth in detail an illustrative embodiment of the invention, this being indicative, however, of but one of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
  • the single figure is a schematic illustration of the method in which the anode of the invention may be applied to the protection of an iron ship.
  • a source 14 of direct electrical current is connected between the anode 10 and the ship 11, the positive poles of the source being connected to the anodes and the negative pole being connected to the ship.
  • the ship 11 is made of iron and, as is well known, would readily be attacked by the salt water if no means were provided for protecting it.
  • the anode 10 consists of an alloy containing a predominant proportion of titanium; the alloy is characterized as a composition of matter that contains 3,033,775 Patented May 8, 1962 at least one element which lowers the polarization voltage of titanium.
  • titanium alloys will be used which contain one or more members such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, zinc, tin, or the like which have the effect of lowering the polarization potential of titanium.
  • Such an alloy may also contain aluminum. It is particularly advantageous to use a titanium alloy in which the additional element amounts to .5 to 10% by weight of the elements.
  • the anode 10 is used without a coating of any sort, contrary to the usual practice of using pure titanium which has been platinum plated. Furthermore, the alloy of the anode 10 may have its polarization potential further lowered by a heat treatment such as annealing or quenching followed by a tempermg.
  • An iron plate was placed in sea water at room temperature with an anode formed of an alloy of titanium having 4% aluminum and 4% manganese.
  • the anode was connected to the positive pole of a generator of direct current electricity and the iron sheet was connected to the negative pole.
  • the test was carried on for 500 hours with a cathodic current of 150 milliamperes per square meter.
  • the voltage after two hours was three volts.
  • the voltage after 100 hours was 2.8 volts and the voltage after 500 hours was 3 volts.
  • the iron sheet showed no trace of corrosion after the test.
  • a second example of the use of the anode of the invention involved the comparison of an iron plate having an anode formed of pure titanium with a similar iron plate having an anode having titanium alloy with 4% manganese both being tested in sea Water.
  • the pure titanium anode when used with an anodic current density of 0.2 amp. per sq. decimeter (20 amps. per sq. meter), a voltage of at least 8.5 volts was necessary.
  • the titanium alloy having a 4% content of manganese it was only necessary to use 4.5 volts to maintain the same current.
  • the pure titanium anode required a voltage of 6.5 volts while the alloy anode required only 3 volts to maintain that current.
  • Apparatus for the cathodic protection of an iron device immersed in salt water comprising an anode, a source of direct current electricity connected to the device at its negative terminal and to the anode at its posi tive terminal, the anode consisting of an alloy of titanium and a metal selected from the class consisting of manganese, cobalt, nickel, zinc, and tin, the proportion of the total of the said metals being from 0.5% to 10% by weight, the total titanium being substantially or over by weight.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
US830784A 1958-08-07 1959-07-31 Anode for cathodic protection Expired - Lifetime US3033775A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR772057 1958-08-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3033775A true US3033775A (en) 1962-05-08

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ID=8707203

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US830784A Expired - Lifetime US3033775A (en) 1958-08-07 1959-07-31 Anode for cathodic protection

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3033775A (fr)
DE (1) DE1135727B (fr)
FR (1) FR1205704A (fr)
GB (1) GB904553A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4080278A (en) * 1975-07-08 1978-03-21 Rhone-Poulenc Industries Cathode for electrolytic cell
US4663010A (en) * 1985-05-08 1987-05-05 Sigri Gmbh Anode for electrochemical process
US4997492A (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-03-05 Nippon Mining Co., Ltd. Method of producing anode materials for electrolytic uses
US5052962A (en) * 1990-05-21 1991-10-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Naval electrochemical corrosion reducer
US5061358A (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-10-29 Nippon Mining Co., Ltd. Insoluble anodes for producing manganese dioxide consisting essentially of a titanium-nickel alloy
US10309019B2 (en) 2017-08-01 2019-06-04 Frank Seth Gaunce Corrosion protection methods for the protection of the national infrastructure of copper/iron, copper, lead/iron potable water distribution systems and the national iron-based infrastructure

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140262824A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Physical Sciences, Inc. Corrosion protection system for non-immersed equipment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636856A (en) * 1948-06-29 1953-04-28 Mallory & Co Inc P R Electrode for electrochemical oxidation
US2822269A (en) * 1953-06-22 1958-02-04 Roger A Long Alloys for bonding titanium base metals to metals
US2878173A (en) * 1957-06-04 1959-03-17 Obermann Walter Method for cathodic protection of ship hulls in sea water by electron concentration

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636856A (en) * 1948-06-29 1953-04-28 Mallory & Co Inc P R Electrode for electrochemical oxidation
US2822269A (en) * 1953-06-22 1958-02-04 Roger A Long Alloys for bonding titanium base metals to metals
US2878173A (en) * 1957-06-04 1959-03-17 Obermann Walter Method for cathodic protection of ship hulls in sea water by electron concentration

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4080278A (en) * 1975-07-08 1978-03-21 Rhone-Poulenc Industries Cathode for electrolytic cell
US4663010A (en) * 1985-05-08 1987-05-05 Sigri Gmbh Anode for electrochemical process
US5052962A (en) * 1990-05-21 1991-10-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Naval electrochemical corrosion reducer
US4997492A (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-03-05 Nippon Mining Co., Ltd. Method of producing anode materials for electrolytic uses
US5061358A (en) * 1990-06-08 1991-10-29 Nippon Mining Co., Ltd. Insoluble anodes for producing manganese dioxide consisting essentially of a titanium-nickel alloy
US10309019B2 (en) 2017-08-01 2019-06-04 Frank Seth Gaunce Corrosion protection methods for the protection of the national infrastructure of copper/iron, copper, lead/iron potable water distribution systems and the national iron-based infrastructure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB904553A (en) 1962-08-29
DE1135727B (de) 1962-08-30
FR1205704A (fr) 1960-02-04

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