US3349000A - Process for treating human nails and hair with dimethylol thiourea compositions - Google Patents

Process for treating human nails and hair with dimethylol thiourea compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3349000A
US3349000A US339271A US33927164A US3349000A US 3349000 A US3349000 A US 3349000A US 339271 A US339271 A US 339271A US 33927164 A US33927164 A US 33927164A US 3349000 A US3349000 A US 3349000A
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hair
weight
acid
dimethylol
parts
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US339271A
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Joos Bernhard
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K8/494—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • A61K8/4946—Imidazoles or their condensed derivatives, e.g. benzimidazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q3/00—Manicure or pedicure preparations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/06—Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q15/00—Anti-perspirants or body deodorants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cosmetic process wherein solid keratinous material such as hair and nails are .given improved strength and elasticity. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for improving strength and elasticity of said material by treating it with a solution or suspension of reaction products of thiourea and aldehyde. When applied to human fingernails or toenails, the process of the present invention improves resistance of the nails to cracking, splitting, laminating or similar damage. Human hair treated by the process of the present invention ha improved elasticity and is better dressable.
  • the loss of original properties of the hair, especially those related to the elasticity, which were damaged by preceding treatments such as bleaching, permanent wave, dyeing or the like is partially compensated; further naturally weak hair may be strengthened by said process.
  • the process of the present invention further makes use of compositions which are absolutely free of substances which may produce undesirable side effects.
  • aldehydes It is already known that strength and elasticity of keratinous materials may be increased by treatment with aldehydes.
  • the use of aldehydes in the cosmetic field however suffers from the disadvantage that besides the aforementioned effects the aldehydes produce undesirable sideeffects, such as inflammation, hardening and/ or formation of horn on adjacent skin areas.
  • the free aldehydes prove to have a rather dangerous toxic effect, especially on the nerve cells of the skin and the capillaries.
  • the present invention is based on the discovery that products obtained from the reaction of formaldehyde with thiourea impart to native keratins higher elasticity and strength than do the free aldehydes and moreover do not produce any undesirable side effects.
  • the invention is based on a process of strengthening keratinous material, especially nails and hair, wherein the keratinous material is treated with a dilute organic or aqueous dispersion or solution of dimethylol thiourea.
  • the principal effect of the dimethylol thiourea applied to the keratinous material apparently is to modify the surface (a) by reaction with free amino groups of the keratinous material, and (b) by polymerization of the dimethylol thiourea layer so produced on the keratin.
  • aldehydes impart to keratins strength and improved elasticity which properties obviously result from reaction of the aldehydes with amino groups of the keratins.
  • formaldehyde methylene bridges are formed.
  • dimethylol thiourea methylene bridges between one methylol group of said substances and the amino groups of the keratins are built.
  • the aforementioned products are capable of polymerizing. After reaction with the keratins polymerization occurs and thereby a film is formed which is tightly anchored to the keratins, the film imparting to the nails, hair, fibres or furs coated therewith useful novel properties both from the mechanical as well as chemical point of view.
  • the film effects an increase in elasticity, plasticity and tensile strength; it is practically insoluble in water and various organic solvents, which is of utmost importance for the purpose it is to serve.
  • the polymerization and the film formation, occurring upon the application can be supported by adding polymerization catalysts that are compatible with the skin. Weak acids and salts, such as phosphoric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, ammonium chloride, aluminum chloride are particularly suitable for the purpose.
  • the process according to the present invention is preferably carried out by using aqueous solutions. Its effectiveness can be objectively proved, e.g. by testing single hairs for their elasticity.
  • Dimethylolthiourea as used for the process according to the invention is in general prepared from thiourea and formaldehyde; the preparation may proceed e.g. in the following manner:
  • Thiourea is dissolved in water and formaldehyde is added in the form of an aqueous 40% solution. While continuously stirring the solution concentrated (20%) soda lye is added until the pH value reaches 8.5. After cooling in the refrigerator for several days crystals of dimethylol-thiourea precipitate from the solution; they are filtered by means of suction, washed with an aqueous thiourea solution, and dried. Dimethylolurea in cold water yields solutions of about 15% Concentration.
  • the final composition used for the process of the invention may be obtained as follows:
  • a first container 5 to 15 parts by weight of dimethylolurea or dimethylolthiourea are dissolved in 80 parts by volume of warm water at 50 to 60 C.
  • a container 1 to 10 parts by weight of primary sodium phosphate or 0.2 to 2 parts by weight of an organic acid compatible with the skin, especially of an organic acid normally present in living organisms, such as e.g. lactic acid, citric acid, glycerophosphoric acid, or the like, are dissolved in 20 parts by volume of water.
  • compositions for carrying out the process of the invention generally contain about 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight of thiourea.
  • the acid content may be about 0.2 to 2% by weight, while bases, salts and buffer substances are added in the proportions necessary to obtain the desired pH value.
  • the solution thus obtained may be used for the treatment of nails.
  • a similar solution may be employed for hair; preferably it contains a thickener, e.g., 1-5 percent by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone and/ or 0.2-2 percent by weight of polyethyleneglycol, or other thickeners known per se.
  • a thickener e.g., 1-5 percent by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone and/ or 0.2-2 percent by weight of polyethyleneglycol, or other thickeners known per se.
  • the water can be replaced partly or wholly by organic solvents, such as, e.g., ethyl alcohol, dioxane, dioxolane, or mixtures thereof.
  • organic solvents such as, e.g., ethyl alcohol, dioxane, dioxolane, or mixtures thereof.
  • the solutions or dispersions of the invention contain no free aldehydes.
  • the process of the invention may be practiced by first applying a weak acid to the keratinous substrate and then wetting with a neutral or even slightly basic solution of dimethylol thiourea. Further it is possible to start the process with wetting the surface of the keratinous material with the neutral or slightly basic solution of dimethylol thiourea and then applying the weak acid to the so-treated surface.
  • Solutions of dimethylol thiourea such as specified in the following examples, react with the keratinous substances of the nails or -hair so that new combinations of dimethylol thiourea with keratin develop.
  • the compounds thus obtained are in particular capable of polymerizing with one another producing at the same time film-forming polymers that are insoluble in water.
  • the treated and thus modified keratins display an increased elasticity, plasticity and resistance to breaking without losing any of their usual desirable properties.
  • Such improvement can be specifically tested by subjecting untreated hair as well as hair that has been treated by the process according to this invention to a recordable stressgit will be seen after the treatment of the hair by the method herein described that elasticity, plasticity and resistance to breaking have been increased. Results of corresponding tests are given in the annexed diagrams.
  • Merhod.A hair is placed between two clamps and loaded by continuously increasing weights whereby the exerted stress however remains beyond the value leading to break (Sadamel Microtester, Type Mi 44, No. C 620,- 634). Then the hair reversely is unloaded in the same way.
  • the elongation in case of increasing and decreasing load is recorded diagrammatically. From the area included by the two curves (increasing and decreasing load versus elongation) and the inclination of the curves differences in elasticity and strength of the hair may be taken.
  • Test No. 1 A normal untreated hair of a woman was cut into identical pieces of 3 cm. length each. The diameters of the individual test pieces were compared and samples of identical diameter were used for the test. One untreated piece was tested in the above manner and curve 1 of FIG. 1 was obtained.
  • Example 1 A solution prepared from 2 parts by weight of dimethylol thiourea, 0.2 part by weight of glycerophosphoric acid, 20 parts by weight of33% ethanol and 0.7 part by volume of 1 N aqueous NaOH and having a pH value of 5 is applied to finger nails that are free from any nail polish.
  • the solution dries within a few minutes, whereupon the nails if desired may be enamelled.
  • the nails so treated exhibit improved resistance to cracking and splitting.
  • Example 2 A solution producing the same etfects like that of Example 1 is prepared from the 2 parts by weight of dimethylol urea, 0.2 part by weight of glycerophosphoric acid, 6.5 parts by weight of ethyl alcohol (96%), 13.5 parts by weight of dioxolane and 0.7 part by volume of 1 N aqueous NaOH. It is applied to finger or toe nails in the same manner as described in Example 1.
  • Example 3 A composition of matter to be used as nail hardening composition is obtained as follows:
  • Example 4 About 20-30 milliliters of a solution prepared from 15 parts by weight of dimethylol thiourea, 150 parts by weight of aqueous ethyl alcohol (15% ethanol) and 7.5 parts by weight of glycerophosphoric acid, the total mixture having a pH value of value of 2.7, are applied to the head of a woman. and rubbed into the hair after. shampooing. Before application of the aforementioned.
  • the hair had been dried in the best possible way by means of a towel. Now the hair is set and dried by means of a drying apparatus at the usual temperature of about 40 C. for 30 to 45 minutes. Thereafter the hair is dressed as usual. The dressing so obtained can be fairly maintained. After repeated treatment the hair becomes very elastic and stronger.
  • Example 5 A composition of matter which may be used as described in Example 4 is obtained from the following constituents: 7.5 parts by weight of dimethylol urea, 150 parts by weight of aqueous, ethyl alcohol (15% ethanol), 7.5 parts by weight of glycerophosphoric acid; The pH value of the resulting solution is 2.7.
  • Example 6 A further treating solution which may be used in the process of the present invention is obtained by mixing about 1 to about 15% by weight of the. total composition.
  • dimethylol thiourea about 0.2 to about 2% by weight of an acidic compound selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, acetic acid,
  • liquid diluent is a member selected from the group consisting of water, alcohols, dioxane, dioxolane and mixtures thereof.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
US339271A 1963-01-24 1964-01-21 Process for treating human nails and hair with dimethylol thiourea compositions Expired - Lifetime US3349000A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH85563A CH427149A (de) 1963-01-24 1963-01-24 Nagel- und Haarbehandlungsmittel

Publications (1)

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US3349000A true US3349000A (en) 1967-10-24

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US339271A Expired - Lifetime US3349000A (en) 1963-01-24 1964-01-21 Process for treating human nails and hair with dimethylol thiourea compositions

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US (1) US3349000A (de)
BE (1) BE669804A (de)
CH (1) CH427149A (de)
DE (1) DE1467953A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1057104A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3642429A (en) * 1967-10-26 1972-02-15 Oreal Cosmetic composition for treating hair
US3650280A (en) * 1969-12-03 1972-03-21 David Roberts Cosmetic treatment of hair with thiourea or urea and glyoxal
US3676546A (en) * 1968-07-25 1972-07-11 Oreal Neutralizing compositions for permanent wave operation
US3736944A (en) * 1969-07-24 1973-06-05 Oreal Compositions and procedures for effecting a permanent wave or set in the hair
US3773056A (en) * 1971-03-05 1973-11-20 Oreal Compositions and methods of improving the quality of human hair with stable methylol compounds
US3920400A (en) * 1973-02-13 1975-11-18 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Uric acid standard solution
JPS5495742A (en) * 1977-12-16 1979-07-28 Oreal Cosmetics composition for reinforcing nail
US4294852A (en) * 1973-11-01 1981-10-13 Johnson & Johnson Skin treating compositions
US4547363A (en) * 1981-06-26 1985-10-15 Bernhard Joos Preparation for strengthening, particularly hardening, living finger nails
US5993837A (en) * 1998-08-24 1999-11-30 Revlon Consumer Products Compositions for application to keratinous substrates and a method for strengthening such substrates
US6403063B1 (en) 1999-07-26 2002-06-11 Kenneth I. Sawyer Method of treating nail fungus

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1811809A (en) * 1928-05-24 1931-06-23 Schwarzkopf Kurt Pulverulent preparation for the production of alpha rinsing liquid for the after treatment of washed animal fibers, woolen or silken fabrics, and especially the hair of the head
US2084127A (en) * 1933-02-07 1937-06-15 Frederics Inc E Hair rinse
US2407376A (en) * 1942-10-31 1946-09-10 American Cyanamid Co Colloidally dispersed dimethylol urea resins
FR1015804A (fr) * 1945-07-05 1952-10-24 Lotion capillaire
US3149042A (en) * 1959-07-09 1964-09-15 Colgate Palmolive Co Hair preparations
US3208910A (en) * 1961-10-23 1965-09-28 Cassidy Harry Eugene Zirconium acetate hair treating composition and process of using same

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1811809A (en) * 1928-05-24 1931-06-23 Schwarzkopf Kurt Pulverulent preparation for the production of alpha rinsing liquid for the after treatment of washed animal fibers, woolen or silken fabrics, and especially the hair of the head
US2084127A (en) * 1933-02-07 1937-06-15 Frederics Inc E Hair rinse
US2407376A (en) * 1942-10-31 1946-09-10 American Cyanamid Co Colloidally dispersed dimethylol urea resins
FR1015804A (fr) * 1945-07-05 1952-10-24 Lotion capillaire
US3149042A (en) * 1959-07-09 1964-09-15 Colgate Palmolive Co Hair preparations
US3208910A (en) * 1961-10-23 1965-09-28 Cassidy Harry Eugene Zirconium acetate hair treating composition and process of using same

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3642429A (en) * 1967-10-26 1972-02-15 Oreal Cosmetic composition for treating hair
US3676546A (en) * 1968-07-25 1972-07-11 Oreal Neutralizing compositions for permanent wave operation
US3736944A (en) * 1969-07-24 1973-06-05 Oreal Compositions and procedures for effecting a permanent wave or set in the hair
US3650280A (en) * 1969-12-03 1972-03-21 David Roberts Cosmetic treatment of hair with thiourea or urea and glyoxal
US3773056A (en) * 1971-03-05 1973-11-20 Oreal Compositions and methods of improving the quality of human hair with stable methylol compounds
US3920400A (en) * 1973-02-13 1975-11-18 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Uric acid standard solution
US4294852A (en) * 1973-11-01 1981-10-13 Johnson & Johnson Skin treating compositions
JPS5495742A (en) * 1977-12-16 1979-07-28 Oreal Cosmetics composition for reinforcing nail
US4363796A (en) * 1977-12-16 1982-12-14 Societe Anonyme Dite: L'oreal Cosmetic compositions for hardening soft brittle nails
US4547363A (en) * 1981-06-26 1985-10-15 Bernhard Joos Preparation for strengthening, particularly hardening, living finger nails
US5993837A (en) * 1998-08-24 1999-11-30 Revlon Consumer Products Compositions for application to keratinous substrates and a method for strengthening such substrates
US6403063B1 (en) 1999-07-26 2002-06-11 Kenneth I. Sawyer Method of treating nail fungus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE669804A (de) 1966-01-17
CH427149A (de) 1966-12-31
GB1057104A (en) 1967-02-01
DE1467953A1 (de) 1969-01-30

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