US3383751A - Method of providing a wall around a unitary mass of gas-permeable material for constructing a heat exchanger or a regenerator - Google Patents

Method of providing a wall around a unitary mass of gas-permeable material for constructing a heat exchanger or a regenerator Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3383751A
US3383751A US447778A US44777865A US3383751A US 3383751 A US3383751 A US 3383751A US 447778 A US447778 A US 447778A US 44777865 A US44777865 A US 44777865A US 3383751 A US3383751 A US 3383751A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mass
wall
gas
regenerator
permeable material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US447778A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Rudolphus Van Geuns
Dirne Adrianus Petrus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3383751A publication Critical patent/US3383751A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/057—Regenerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49357—Regenerator or recuperator making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49982—Coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component

Definitions

  • FIG.2 ITARY MASS OF GAS-PERMEABLE MATERIAL FOR CONSTRUCTING A METHOD OF PROVIDING A WALL AROUND A UN HEAT EXCHANGER -OR A REGENERATOR Filed April 13, 1965 FIG.2
  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for providing a regenerator with a wall.
  • the regenerator mass is constituted of gauze or fine screening with a wall soldered to the periphery. Since the wall is in excellent contact with the regenerator mass, no leakage occurs.
  • the invention relates to a method of providing a wall around a packet of gas-permeable material, for example, a gauze packet, in particular for regenerators or heatexchangers manufactured by this method.
  • regenerators are constructed from a gas-permeable mass surrounded by a Wall.
  • the regenerator mass serves for alternately absorbing heat from the medium which performs a reciprocating fiow through the regenerator and then giving on said heat to the medium again, in heatexchangers the gas-permeable medium serves to effect a better heat-exchange between the wall and the medium.
  • -It is the object of the invention to provide a method with which a readily connecting wall can be provided around a gas-permeable mass.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that a mass of gas-permeable material is provided at its surface with a layer which contains at least one metal and, if desired, one or several other elements.
  • the layer is subjected to 'a thermal treatment so that a homogeneous wall is formed.
  • the gas-permeable mass usually is formed by a number of stacked wire nettings which are thoroughly compressed.
  • a wall is provided on the surface of the said gauze mass.
  • the wall grows, as it were, on the material of the mass, so that the whole surface is thoroughly connected to the wall.
  • the surprising fact in this case is that during the provision of the wall the provided material does substantially not penetrate into the gauze mass but adheres to the surface of the said mass.
  • a further favourable embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the constituents of the provided layer are chosen so that during the thermal treatment the said constituents are converted, by diffusion, int-o a poorly heat-conducting alloy.
  • the constituents of the layer may be the combinations copper-nickel; silver phosphorus; copper-nickel-zinc; copper-silver-phosphorus. After diffusion these combinations give a poorly-conducting material. For some heatexchangers the wall need not be poorly heat-conducting in the direction of flow. In general, non-alloyed metals will then be chosen for the material of the wall.
  • Using the method according to the invention results in a wall which readily .joins the filling material and the thermal conductivity of which in the direction of flow is small.
  • a further advantage is that the thickness of the wall may be chosen to be as is desired.
  • a further favourable embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the surface of the mass of gas-permeable material has applied thereto a paste of various metal powders and a binder, the metal powders being chosen such that after the thermal treatment a comparatively poorly heat-conducting metal is formed, after which the formed wall is sealed mechanically by pressure.
  • a favourable embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the surface of the packet is covered with a paste of one or several metal metal powders with a hinder, the composition of the metal powders being such that after the thermal treatment a comparatively poorly heat-conducting metal is obtained with a melting range, the temperature during the thermal treatment lying only slightly above the beginning of the melting range.
  • the powder When the powder consists of several metals, diffusion will occur during the thermal treatment while also the powder grains soften on the outside, as a result of which the grains fuse to a homogeneous tight wall. It is alternately possible to apply already a powder of grains of the desired metal on the surface. Naturally, in that case no diffusion will occur during the thermal treatment, while the grains fuse to a tight homogeneous wall.
  • the surprising fact in this case is that it has been found that, during the thermal treatment, the metal powder does not flow away nor is it drawn by capillary action into the mass.
  • metal in this connection is understood to mean herein not only a metal which consists of one metallic element, but also metal alloys which substantially consist of one or several metallic elements, if desired mixed with one or several non-metallic elements.
  • a further favourable embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the surface of the mass is covered with a paste of one or several metal powders and a binder, after which the mass is wrapped with one or several metal wires in a manner such that at least one closed Winding layer is formed.
  • the layer is then further covered with a paste of one or several metal powders, after which the assembly is subjected to a thermal treatment and the temperature is chosen to be high so that it lies somewhat above the melting range of the wall material.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 diagrammatically show in cross-section a number of heat-exchangers having structures in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a filling regenerator material in which the mass consists of wire nettings built up in layers and pressed on each other. Layers 2 and 3 are deposited by electrolytic deposition on the periphery of this filling material. These layers consist alternately of copper and nickel. After a thermal treatment in which diffusion occurs the layers 2 and 3 can no longer be distinguished. Then the whole wall has a homogeneous composition, in which, as a result of the diffusion, gauze regenerator mass is imbedded in the wall. The copper and nickel together have formed constantan. This constantan has a poor thermal conductivity.
  • the filling material 1 is now surrounded by a wall which has a particularly good contact with the filling material.
  • a layer 4 is applied on the periphery of the filling material 1.
  • This layer consists of a paste of metal powders and a binder.
  • the combinations of metal powder may be copper-nickel and copper-silver-phosphorus.
  • a thermal treatment is used in which the temperature lies below the melting point or melting range of the metal powders, the powders diffuse and a porous wall is formed. By a mechanical treatment this wall is sealed by pressure.
  • the composition of the powder so that an alloy with a melting range is obtained. This may be done by mixing powders of different elements in the correct composition or by pulverizing an existing alloy. By heating just above the melting range of the ultimate alloy, the paste flows to a dense, poorly-conducting homogeneous wall.
  • FIG. 3 finally shows how first a layer of paste 5 of metal powders is applied on the surface of the filling material 1. Then a wire 6, for example, of V A-steel, is wound around the assembly so that a closed wound layer is obtained. A second layer of paste 7 is provided on the winding layer. Then the assembly is heated so that the layers of paste 5 and 7 fuse and diffuse to form dense homogeneous walls with poorly heat-conducting properties. In this manner a strong wall is obtained which is poorly heat-conducting in the direction of flow of the medium and, dependent upon the choice of the material of the wire, is readily thermally conducting in the transverse direction.
  • a wire 6 for example, of V A-steel
  • the temperature of the thermal treatment may be kept low so that sintering of the gauze mass does not occur.
  • a method of producing a heat exchanger by forming a wall about a mass of gas permeable material comprising the steps of applying to the surface of said mass a layer containing at least one metallic constituent capable of forming an alloy with said mass, thermally treating said layer to form a homogeneous wall consisting of said alloy bonded to said mass and mechanically pressure sealing said homogeneous wall.
  • a method of securing a mass of gas-permeable material to a heat exchanger wall as claimed in claim 1 further comprising providing a binder, said mass having a paste constituted of at least one metal and said binder being applied to the surface of said mass.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
US447778A 1964-04-15 1965-04-13 Method of providing a wall around a unitary mass of gas-permeable material for constructing a heat exchanger or a regenerator Expired - Lifetime US3383751A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL646404045A NL144365B (nl) 1964-04-15 1964-04-15 Werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van een wand om een pakket voor een gas doorstroombaar materiaal, in het bijzonder bestemd voor warmteuitwisselaars zoals regeneratoren en warmteuitwisselaar vervaardigd volgens deze werkwijze.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3383751A true US3383751A (en) 1968-05-21

Family

ID=19789820

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US447778A Expired - Lifetime US3383751A (en) 1964-04-15 1965-04-13 Method of providing a wall around a unitary mass of gas-permeable material for constructing a heat exchanger or a regenerator

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3383751A (de)
BE (1) BE662459A (de)
CH (1) CH444897A (de)
DE (1) DE1296479B (de)
DK (1) DK121411B (de)
NL (1) NL144365B (de)
SE (1) SE305223B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3631582A (en) * 1967-02-08 1972-01-04 Filtration Sofiltra Soc Ind De Method for forming a filter element
JPS6241954A (ja) * 1985-08-20 1987-02-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 熱交換器の再生器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2573951A (en) * 1945-02-24 1951-11-06 Joseph B Brennan Method of making sintered metal stencils
US2993264A (en) * 1955-12-23 1961-07-25 Gen Electric Protective coating for molybdenum
US3081530A (en) * 1960-08-03 1963-03-19 Union Carbide Corp Coated columbium
US3192073A (en) * 1957-04-26 1965-06-29 Chrysler Corp Method of making oxidation resistant and ductile iron base aluminum alloys
US3315350A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-04-25 Plato Products Inc Method of manufacturing replaceable soldering iron tips

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE433981C (de) * 1925-02-26 1926-09-13 Frau Frieda Hauser Schaefer Membran fuer Gasdruckfernzuender
DE698897C (de) * 1936-03-31 1940-11-19 Bernhard Berghaus Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schichten grosser Haerte und Widerstandsfaehigkeit aufGegenstaenden aus Eisen, Stahl oder anderen Metallen
DE945970C (de) * 1936-06-15 1956-07-19 Gen Motors Corp Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gleitlagern und Bremsbacken od. dgl. aus Verbundmetall
DE848363C (de) * 1941-06-18 1952-09-04 Philips Nv Regeneratorfuellmasse
DE806370C (de) * 1947-06-25 1951-06-14 Philips Nv Regenerator
DE866132C (de) * 1950-11-07 1953-02-09 Birmingham Small Arms Co Ltd Verfahren zum Verbinden poroeser metallischer Werkstuecke
DE872350C (de) * 1951-05-02 1953-03-30 Philips Nv Regenerator mit einer Fuellmasse
GB762461A (en) * 1952-11-14 1956-11-28 Joseph Barry Brennan Improvements in and relating to a method of and apparatus for coating porous strips or sheets

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2573951A (en) * 1945-02-24 1951-11-06 Joseph B Brennan Method of making sintered metal stencils
US2993264A (en) * 1955-12-23 1961-07-25 Gen Electric Protective coating for molybdenum
US3192073A (en) * 1957-04-26 1965-06-29 Chrysler Corp Method of making oxidation resistant and ductile iron base aluminum alloys
US3081530A (en) * 1960-08-03 1963-03-19 Union Carbide Corp Coated columbium
US3315350A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-04-25 Plato Products Inc Method of manufacturing replaceable soldering iron tips

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3631582A (en) * 1967-02-08 1972-01-04 Filtration Sofiltra Soc Ind De Method for forming a filter element
JPS6241954A (ja) * 1985-08-20 1987-02-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 熱交換器の再生器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6404045A (de) 1965-10-18
SE305223B (de) 1968-10-21
BE662459A (de) 1965-10-13
DE1296479B (de) 1969-05-29
DK121411B (da) 1971-10-11
CH444897A (de) 1967-10-15
NL144365B (nl) 1974-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2857663A (en) Metallic bond
US4090231A (en) Screen printed solid electrolytic capacitor
US3262190A (en) Method for the production of metallic heat transfer bodies
US2139431A (en) Method for applying metallic coatings to ceramic bodies
US2319240A (en) Electric contact and the like
US2278072A (en) Electrical resistance device and method of manufacture thereof
US4291758A (en) Preparation of boiling heat transfer surface
US3383751A (en) Method of providing a wall around a unitary mass of gas-permeable material for constructing a heat exchanger or a regenerator
US2820534A (en) Hermetic ceramic-metal seal and method of making the same
US3489534A (en) Lightweight metallic structure
US3581144A (en) Metal-clad insulated electrical heater
US2509909A (en) Conductive device
US3713787A (en) Porous plate made of metal fibers
US3820239A (en) Method of manufacturing thermistor
US3384157A (en) Regenerator
US2965962A (en) Hermetic seal and method of making the same
US3339627A (en) Regenerator
US3031737A (en) Metal-to-non-metal bond and method
US2418461A (en) Resistor
US3221393A (en) Method of making bead type thermistors
DE2346499B2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Körpern aus Pulver durch isostatisches Warmpressen in einem Behälter aus Glas
EP0061550A2 (de) Mit Glas umhüllter scheibenförmiger Thermistor
US3643200A (en) Hermetically sealed resistor
US3032869A (en) Metal-ceramic seal
US20020050346A1 (en) Method of manufacturing a brazed-plate heat exchanger and exchanger thus produced