US3451171A - Vibratory grinding machine - Google Patents

Vibratory grinding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3451171A
US3451171A US597598A US3451171DA US3451171A US 3451171 A US3451171 A US 3451171A US 597598 A US597598 A US 597598A US 3451171D A US3451171D A US 3451171DA US 3451171 A US3451171 A US 3451171A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wheel
grinding
gear
grinding machine
teeth
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Expired - Lifetime
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US597598A
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English (en)
Inventor
Loring Coes Jr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc
Original Assignee
Norton Co
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency

Definitions

  • n I 0 6 e u m IT ad 8 be 3 W9 ib rm. J
  • intermittent or vibratory pressure is applied to successive positions on the cutting surface of a grinding wheel in grinding contact with a workpiece by mounting a drive member or a gear having a given number of teeth on the wheel spindle for driving or meshing with a driven member or gear with an unbalanced weight distribution and having a different number of teeth from the number on the driver gear.
  • the simplest method for interrupting the pressure contact is by successively separating the spinning wheel from the workpiece, but this requires the constant attention of the operator.
  • the workpiece is struck by a hammer to impart a vibration to the workpiece.
  • Vibratory motion has also been induced by striking the grinding wheel with the workpiece but in both of the last two mentioned methods there is the possibility of danger to the operators resulting from the cracking and breaking of the grinding wheels.
  • Another object of the present invention is an improved grinding machine providing controlled vibrations in a grinding wheel.
  • Still another object of the present invention is an improvement in the quality of surfaces cut by grinding wheels.
  • a particular object of the invention is to impart a frequency of vibration to a grinding wheel in the direction of work feed that differs from the wheel rotational fre quency.
  • Still another particular object of the invention is to effect a decrease in the length of the continuous path of individual abrasive grains across the workpiece.
  • FIGURE 1 shows schematically a side view of a grinding wheel after use in the grinding machine shown in FIGURE 5, the wear throughout a portion of the periphery being exaggerated for the sake of clarity;
  • FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of one kind of grinding machine that makes use of the present invention
  • FIGURES 3 and 4 show graphically some of the improved results produced by this invention.
  • FIGURE 5 is a side view, partly broken away, showing another type of grinding machine with my invention in it.
  • the present invention is best explained by reference to FIGURES 1 and 5.
  • the floor mounted grinding machine of FIGURE 5 has a stationary motor 5 operatively connected to pivot and jack shaft 8 and spindle 7 by flexible drives such as belts.
  • the grinding Wheel 10 and a gear wheel 14 which for example has fourteen teeth thereon, are both secured for rotation with spindle 7.
  • a second gear 12 having twelve teeth thereon meshes with and is driven by gear 14.
  • Gear 12 is purposely made to be unbalanced about its axis of rotation and for this purpose an eccentrically positioned weight 13 is aflixed to gear 12.
  • the wheel In operation the wheel is applied to the work with a force 1 and controlled intermittent pressure contact is maintained between the grinding wheel and the work.
  • the intermittent pressure is produced by rotation of the eccentrically weighed gear wheel 12 and as the grinding wheel rotates the region of maximum pressure contact advances at a uniform rate around the periphery of the wheel, preferably in the direction of rotation of the wheel.
  • the wheel makes a large number of rotations.
  • the successive points of contact are shown in FIGURE 1 as occurring along radial lines 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., with an angle a defined between the contacts.
  • a higher unit pressure is applied between the wheel and the work without exceeding the available power, regardless of the size of the work.
  • the intermittent contact caused by the relative in and out feed of the wheel decreases the continuous path of individual abrasive grains contacting the workpiece with a resulting reduction in swarf erosion and an increase in the grinding ratio.
  • the grinding wheel and vibrator drives it is preferred in the present invention to couple the grinding wheel and vibrator drives so that the ratio of the wheel vibrational frequency to thewheel rotational frequency is slightly greater than one. If this ratio is a small whole number or a simple small fraction, the operation tends to become progressively bumpy and leads to wedging, stalling and usually to breakage of the grinding wheel.
  • the gear 60 driven directly by the motor 15, has sixty teeth while the gear 61 on the wheel spindle in mesh with the gear 60 has sixty-one teeth.
  • the motor 15 drives the unbalanced gear 60 which in turn drives the gear 61 on the wheel spindle while at the same time producing the required vibration.
  • the gears 12, FIGURE 5, and gears 60, FIGURE 2 can be unbalanced either by attaching lead weights 13 in eccentric positions, or by providing the gears with eccentrically positioned holes therethrough.
  • the motor driven pulley 6 is not mounted directly on the grinding wheel spindle, as shown at 7 in FIGURE 5.
  • the arrangement of FIGURES has the advantage of not requiring the power of the motor to be transmitted through gears.
  • the arrangement of FIGURE 2 is satisfactory for a small or lightweight machine, it is better in a larger heavier machine such as a floor stand grinder, to keep the motor stationary, as shown in FIGURE 5, so that it does not form part of the vibrating system.
  • the grinding wheel is then driven through intermediate double pulley 8 on the pivot axis of the vibrating frame.
  • the wheel motor assembly vibrates at a frequency of 1525 cycles/minute.
  • FIGURE 3 To further illustrate the comparative data of Table I and the advantages of vibration versus no vibration the curves shown in FIGURES 3 and 4 were plotted. It can be seen in FIGURE 3 that the cutting rate with vibration is about 1 /2 times the conventional normal rate. It can also be seen in FIGURE 4 that this increase in cutting rate is made at no apparent sacrifice in grinding ratio. Cutting costs are, therefore, reduced about /3.
  • Example 2 A series of cuts were made on 1" diameter C.R. steel using the cut-off machine of Example 1 with the unbalanced gear engaged and disengaged. The same size grinding wheel was used with two different grinding wheel Equals 15.7 inF.
  • Example I The cut-off machine shown in FIGURE 2 is powered by a /3 horsepower induction motor belted to the wheel spindle with a resulting spindle speed of 1500 r.p.m. With the spindle gear of 61 teeth and the unbalanced gear of 60 teeth, the lead angle is 5.9. The wheel-motor assembly vibrates about its pivot point at a frequency of 1525 cycles per minute.
  • Cut-off tests were run on the machine, cutting metals and ceramics, with the unbalanced gear 60 engaged and disengaged to show the effects of vibration.
  • the grinding wheels used were cut-off wheels selected from those disclosed in Abrasives and Grinding Wheels, copyright 1954, 1957 and 1958, by Norton Company, Worcester, Mass, 1965 edition.
  • Wheel spindle gear teeth 61 Unbalanced gear d0 60 Amount of unbalance gm. cm 366 Vertical force lb 8 Cutting time sec 30 Spindle speed r.p.m 1500 Eight cuts were made with the same wheel, alternating between vibration and no vibration with successive cuts.
  • the grinding ratio G is equal to the volume of the material cut over the volume of the It can be seen that the use of vibration has, in each case, reduced the cutting time by more than 25% at no sacrifice in grinding ratio G. The cutting costs are, therefore, reduced 25%. The use of vibration improved the finish produced in both cases.
  • a grinding machine for applying a grinding wheel to a workpiece comprising in combination:
  • (0) means including a driven unbalanced member for effecting intermittent successive non-repetitive spaced points of higher pressure wheel contact with the workpiece during rotation of the grinding wheel;
  • the means for effecting intermittent contact further includes: means for driving said grinding wheel and said unbalanced member in synchronism to produce said intermittent contact between the wheel and work.
  • said intermittent contact producing means is a gear having a given number of teeth enmeshed with said unbalanced rotating member and said unbalanced member has a different number of teeth than said given number of teeth.
  • the grinding machine of claim 1 further comprising a stationary motor and means connecting said motor and said grinding wheel for rotation.
  • the grinding machine of claim 2 further comprising 5 6 a motor mounted on said frame and means directly cOn- 2,855,733 10/1958 Allison 51-33 X necting said motor and said unbalanced member. 2,989,824 6/ 1961 Gilman 51-99 X 7.
  • the grinding machine of claim 5 wherein the grind- 3,032,931 5/ 1962 Eversole 5133 X ing wheel in turn drives the intermittent contact producing 3,099,902 8/ 1963 Carlson 51-33 means. 5 3,325,946 6/1967 Lange 5133 *8.
  • the grinding machine of claim 6 Wherein the unbalanced member in turn drives the grinding wheel.
  • ROBERT RIORDON Primary Examiner- Refel'ellces Cited D. G. KELLY, Assistant Examiner. UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,504,831 4/1950 Griss 51-59 10 2,580,716 1/1952 Balamuth 5159 51134.5

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
US597598A 1966-11-29 1966-11-29 Vibratory grinding machine Expired - Lifetime US3451171A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59759866A 1966-11-29 1966-11-29

Publications (1)

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US3451171A true US3451171A (en) 1969-06-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US597598A Expired - Lifetime US3451171A (en) 1966-11-29 1966-11-29 Vibratory grinding machine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3451171A (de)
CH (1) CH482503A (de)
DE (2) DE6603477U (de)
FR (1) FR1548746A (de)
GB (1) GB1207170A (de)
SE (1) SE340935B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3673740A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-07-04 Bendix Corp Grinding method and apparatus
US3888049A (en) * 1973-09-28 1975-06-10 George Macsween Apparatus for grinding rock bit inserts
US4112625A (en) * 1975-08-21 1978-09-12 Schumag Schumacher Metallwerke Gesellschaft Mit Beschankter Haftung Device for grinding elongated cylindrical workpieces
CN109794826A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2019-05-24 哈电集团哈尔滨电站阀门有限公司 震动研磨机

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2504831A (en) * 1947-12-31 1950-04-18 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Apparatus for engraving glass
US2580716A (en) * 1951-01-11 1952-01-01 Balamuth Lewis Method and means for removing material from a solid body
US2695478A (en) * 1952-12-29 1954-11-30 Norton Co Apparatus and method for grinding
US2855733A (en) * 1956-12-28 1958-10-14 American Chain & Cable Co Abrasive cutting wheel method
US2989824A (en) * 1958-01-30 1961-06-27 Webster E Gilman Cut-off machines
US3032931A (en) * 1960-08-01 1962-05-08 Merit Products Inc Oscillating abrasive drum
US3099902A (en) * 1960-06-17 1963-08-06 Glen A Carlson Fluid pressure operated oscillatory buffing head
US3325946A (en) * 1964-10-22 1967-06-20 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Cutoff machine

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2504831A (en) * 1947-12-31 1950-04-18 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Apparatus for engraving glass
US2580716A (en) * 1951-01-11 1952-01-01 Balamuth Lewis Method and means for removing material from a solid body
US2695478A (en) * 1952-12-29 1954-11-30 Norton Co Apparatus and method for grinding
US2855733A (en) * 1956-12-28 1958-10-14 American Chain & Cable Co Abrasive cutting wheel method
US2989824A (en) * 1958-01-30 1961-06-27 Webster E Gilman Cut-off machines
US3099902A (en) * 1960-06-17 1963-08-06 Glen A Carlson Fluid pressure operated oscillatory buffing head
US3032931A (en) * 1960-08-01 1962-05-08 Merit Products Inc Oscillating abrasive drum
US3325946A (en) * 1964-10-22 1967-06-20 Raybestos Manhattan Inc Cutoff machine

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3673740A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-07-04 Bendix Corp Grinding method and apparatus
US3888049A (en) * 1973-09-28 1975-06-10 George Macsween Apparatus for grinding rock bit inserts
US4112625A (en) * 1975-08-21 1978-09-12 Schumag Schumacher Metallwerke Gesellschaft Mit Beschankter Haftung Device for grinding elongated cylindrical workpieces
CN109794826A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2019-05-24 哈电集团哈尔滨电站阀门有限公司 震动研磨机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1652137A1 (de) 1970-05-14
FR1548746A (de) 1968-12-06
DE6603477U (de) 1969-10-02
SE340935B (de) 1971-12-06
GB1207170A (en) 1970-09-30
CH482503A (de) 1969-12-15

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