US3547086A - Cylinder head for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Cylinder head for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3547086A
US3547086A US779128A US3547086DA US3547086A US 3547086 A US3547086 A US 3547086A US 779128 A US779128 A US 779128A US 3547086D A US3547086D A US 3547086DA US 3547086 A US3547086 A US 3547086A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
cooling
insert
cylinder
water
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US779128A
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English (en)
Inventor
Othmar Skatsche
Gerhard Feichtinger
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a cylinder head of a water-cooled, valve-controlled internal combustion engine comprising two cooling-water chambers for each cylinder unit, separated from each other by a partition, and communicating with each other via a nozzlelike port at least approximately traversed by the entire cooling-water stream and directed towards that portion of the cylinder head bottom which defines the valve web as viewed in the direction of flow.
  • a vertical partition is arranged between the two cooling-water chambers, extending as close to the valve web, where in conjunction with the remaining partitions of the cylinder head it defines the said port.
  • the partition extends approximately in parallel relation to the bottom of the cylinder head, the noz'zlelike port being located above the valveweb.
  • all of the cooling-water stream available for each cylinder unit is directed at increased speed via an annular chamber defined by the injection nozzle and a tubular sleeve surrounding the-latter, against the bottom of the cylinder head.
  • the injection nozzle is the main beneficiary of the improved cooling conditions obtained by this arrangement.
  • the partitionof the cylinder head opposite the bottom of the cylinder head presents a bore which extends through the partition inside the cylinder head and wherein an insert including the nozzlelike as compared with cylinder heads of conventional design.
  • the casting of the water core is substantially simplified since the two cooling-waterlchambers communicate with each other through a bore in the partition already provided in the casting. Since the insert is manufactured-as a separate element, it is possible for the required direction and cross section of the norzlelike' port to be obtained with great precision and for the inlet of the port to be arranged very close to the valve web.
  • the design according to the invention is also applicable in such cases where the water inlets of the cylinder head are provided in inaccessible locations, such as for example, below the exhaust port.
  • the insert manufacture with a slight oversize as compared with the receiving bore is preferably installed by simple pressing, as a result of which the cooling-water chambers are at the same time sealed off against the outside.
  • the insert is designed as a cylindrical body with a port extending in oblique relation to the cylinder axis. This design is particularly suitable for serial production.
  • the bore receiving the insert is inclinedtowards the valve web, the insert being formed by a cylindrical body tapered at its inner extremity and presenting an axial blind bore which is open towards the valve web and communicates via a radial inlet hole with the adjacent cooling-water chamber.
  • the advantage offered by this design resides in the fact that no accurate angular alignment is required for the installation of the insert since the blind bore extends at any rate in coaxial relation to' the receiving bore of the insert and is thus aligned in the direction of the valve web.
  • the insert in the proximity of the upper partition of the cylinder head with at least one additional aperture through which the two cooling-water chambers communicate with each other. Through this aperture such steam bubbles as are occasionally produced at the topmost point of the first cooling-water chamber can be evacuated. Similar apertures may be produced in cylindrical inserts for example, by the provision of an annular groove in the shell of the insert.
  • FIG. 1 shows a horizontal cross-sectional view of the cylinder head of a two-cylinder internal combustion engine according to the invention on line Il of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same cylinder head on line lI-II of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention as restricted to the area of the cylinder head which is essential for the understanding of the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on line IV-IV of FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of yet another embodiment of the invention taken on similar lines as FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 6 a sectional view on line VI-VI of FIG. 5, and
  • FIG. 7 another sectional view on line VII-VII of FIG. 5.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 refers to the cylinder head of a water-cooled, valve-controlled two-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising valves arranged in a row.
  • the exhaust passages 2 of the exhaust valves I placed side-by-side join in a common exhaust manifold 3.
  • Separate intake passages 4 originating with the opposite side of the cylinder head lead to the intake valves 5.
  • the isolated water-carrying spaces of the cylinder head are subdivided by means of vertical partitions 6 associated with each cylinder unit into a first cooling-water chamber 7 with inlets 8 located below the exhaust manifold 3 and a second cooling-wat'er chamber 9 with a common discharge bore 10.
  • the vertical partitions 6 are located in front of the narrowing of the water-carrying inner chamber produced by the two valve guides 11 and 12 of each cylinder.
  • the upper limiting wall M of the cylinder head opposite the bottom 13 of the cylinder head presents a receiving bore 15 extending through the partition 6 as far as the interior of the cylinder head. This perforation terminates close to and above the bottom 13 of the cylinder head.
  • the diameter of the perforation of the partition 6 extending inv coaxial relation to the bore 15 almost equals the whole width of the partition, so that narrow webs only are formed by the same on both sides.
  • a cylindrical insert 16 is fitted which extends over the entire width and depth of the perforation of the partition 6.
  • the insert 16 has an opening 17 extending in oblique relation to its longitudinal axis are directed towards the valve web 18 defined by the bottom 13 of the cylinder head between the two valve guides 11 and 12.
  • the insert 16 is furthermore provided with an annular groove 19 near the upper limiting wall 14, which in conjunction with the partition 6 defines two additional apertures through which steam bubbles produced in the water chamber 7 are allowed to escape.
  • Each of the two nozzle-holders 21 comprising the injection nozzles 20 extend through the cylinder .head in a nozzle-holder protection tube 22 arranged in oblique relation to the cylinder axis and stayed in the bottom 13 of the cylinder head in the immediate proximity of the valve web 18.
  • This design provides highly favorable cooling conditions for such areas of the cylinder head as are subject to a particularly heavy thermal stress, in such a manner' that both cylinder units benefit equally from same.
  • The. cooling-water then flows towards the nozzle-holder protection tubes 22 adjoining the valve webs 18 as a result of which the injection nozzles 20 are also cooled etfectively.
  • the heated cooling-water then passes through the outlet into the cooling-water circulating system (not shown in the drawing).
  • the cylinder head as illustrated in- FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawing differs from the embodiment of the invention hereabove described essentially in that the bore comprising' the insert extends in an oblique relation to the valve web l8 'and that the partition 6' is inclined in its upper portion at the same angle as is the bore 15.
  • the insert 16 is designed as a-cylindrical body with a tapered inner end and presents an axial blind bore 23 which is open towards the valve web 18 andcommunicates through a radial bore 24 with the first cooling-water chamber 7.
  • the lower portion 25 of the partition 6 extends approximately in perpendicular relation to the bottom 13, of the cylinder head, so that the outlet of the blind bore 23 is exposed in the direction of the valve web 18.
  • the insert 16 is also provided with an annular groove 19' located close to the upper limiting wall 14 of the cylinder head.
  • the cylinder head shown in FIGS. 5 through 7 comprises an insert 16" designed as a plate of approximately the same thickness as the partition 6". At its upper end the insert 16'' has a hollow cylindrical lug 26 tightly fitted in the receiving bore 15" of the upper limiting wall 14 of the cylinder head.
  • Theperforation 27 of the partition 6" extending in coaxial relation to the bore 15 is of a smaller diameter than the bore 15" so that shoulders 28 are produced on the partition 6" which serve as axial stops for the hollow cylindrical lug 26.
  • the plate-shaped insert 16" In the proximity of its inner end the plate-shaped insert 16" presents a transverse bore 29 into' which an insert tube 30 curved in the direction of the valve web 18 is pressed.
  • an insert tube 30 curved in the direction of the valve web 18 is pressed.
  • two opposing notches 31 are provided at the transition between the plate-shaped portion of the insert 16" and the hollow cylindrical lug 26.
  • a cylinder head of a water-cooled, valve-controlled internal combustion engine comprising a lower limiting wall defining the bottom of the cylinder head, an upper limiting wall opposite the said bottom of the cylinder head and sidewalls extending from the bottom of the cylinder head as far as the upper limiting wall, the said walls enclosing the water-carrying interior of the c linder head each cylinder unit com risin a partition exten ing from the upperlimiting wal of t e cylinder head to the bottom of the cylinder head and terminating close to the portion of the cylinder-head bottom forming a valve web between the valves of each cylinder unit, the said partitions subdividing the water-carrying interior into two separate cooling chambers, furthermore one bore each extending through the upper limiting wall of the cylinder head and continuing inside the cylinder head close to the bottom of the cylinder head and defining a perforation of the said partition and on insert arranged in the said bore so as to provide an external sealing means, a nozzlelike
  • a cylinder head according to claim 1, wherein the said insert is designedas a cylindrical body having an opening which is inclined in relation to the axis of the cylinder.
  • a cylinder head according to claim 1 wherein an additional bore is recessed in the said insert in the proximity of the upper limiting-wall of the cylinder head, the said additional opening serving as a means of communication between the two cooling-water chambers, and having a substantially smaller cross section than the entire nozzle-shaped opening of the insert.
  • Patent No. 3547086 Dated /15/70 Othmar Skatsche and Gerhard Feichtinger It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US779128A 1967-11-29 1968-11-26 Cylinder head for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3547086A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1080067A AT281503B (de) 1967-11-29 1967-11-29 Zylinderkopf einer wassergekühlten, ventilgesteuerten Brennkraftmaschine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3547086A true US3547086A (en) 1970-12-15

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US779128A Expired - Lifetime US3547086A (en) 1967-11-29 1968-11-26 Cylinder head for internal combustion engines

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US (1) US3547086A (de)
AT (1) AT281503B (de)
FR (1) FR1595842A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3818878A (en) * 1973-04-23 1974-06-25 Gen Motors Corp Improved cylinder head cooling
US3889644A (en) * 1973-04-12 1975-06-17 Perkins Engines Ltd Engine cooling system
JPS5073727U (de) * 1973-11-13 1975-06-27

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3889644A (en) * 1973-04-12 1975-06-17 Perkins Engines Ltd Engine cooling system
US3818878A (en) * 1973-04-23 1974-06-25 Gen Motors Corp Improved cylinder head cooling
JPS5073727U (de) * 1973-11-13 1975-06-27

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1810603A1 (de) 1970-06-25
AT281503B (de) 1970-05-25
FR1595842A (de) 1970-06-15

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