US3564855A - Method and device for making slit walls - Google Patents

Method and device for making slit walls Download PDF

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Publication number
US3564855A
US3564855A US308757*[A US3564855DA US3564855A US 3564855 A US3564855 A US 3564855A US 3564855D A US3564855D A US 3564855DA US 3564855 A US3564855 A US 3564855A
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United States
Prior art keywords
slit
bucket chain
chain excavator
bucket
excavator
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Expired - Lifetime
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US308757*[A
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English (en)
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Johann Morner
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19681759188 external-priority patent/DE1759188C/de
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Publication of US3564855A publication Critical patent/US3564855A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/06—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with digging elements mounted on an endless chain
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E02D5/182—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ using formworks to separate sections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E02D5/185—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ with flexible joint members between sections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/12—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with equipment for back-filling trenches or ditches

Definitions

  • the liquid level in the space located in front of the bucket chain excavator is lowered as compared to the liquid level in the space located behind the bucket chain excavator so that the bucket chain excavator is driven forward by the hydrostatic pressure differential.
  • the slit made in this manner is subsequently filled up with concrete.
  • This invention relates to methods and devices for making slit walls.
  • the slit wall construction practice has acquired a great technical importance in recent years especially for the municipal traific engineering, e.g., for constructing subways. Yet for making constructions in busy townships it is particularly important to maintain the time of construction as short as possible in order to reduce any interruptions of the trailic.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method permitting a more rapid, rationalized and economical execution of the construction work for making slit walls.
  • a method of making slit walls wherein a slit section present in the ground is filled with a fluid and excavated at a front end substantially continuously by means of a bucket chain excavator, wherein the bucket chain excavator is sealed off against the side walls of the excavated slit and against the sole of the slit so that at the side of the bucket chain excavator facing said front end of the slit and within the slit there is formed a first fluid-filled 3,564,855 Patented Feb.
  • the slit is filled with a thixotropic fluid in any case.
  • the force required for the forward drive is obtained in that the liquid level in the working space surrounded by the bucket chain excavator at the end face of the slit is maintained lower than in the slit region lying therebehind.
  • a practically uniformly distributed drive-on force acts on the bucket chain excavator, whereby providing the possibility of the effective use of a bucket chain excavator.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the device includes a vertical U-shaped steel box, on which two endless and laterally telescoping bucket chains are disposed so that, running from below upwards, they break the soil loose at the front side of the slit and dig it.
  • the steel box is slightly narrower than the slit to be formed.
  • the space between the steel box and the lateral earth is bridged over by suitable seals so that the working space enclosed by the steel box is sealed off from the remaining slit.
  • the back side of the steel box is formed in a fashion favourable for the concreting joints so that during the concreting of the slit walls the steel box can be simultaneously utilized as a joint shuttering too.
  • the guidance of the bucket chain excavator in the forward drive direction, especially when curved slit walls are to be produced, is enabled by a guide arm arranged on the device above the level of the terrain.
  • FIG. 1a shows a horizontal section through a bucket chain excavator according to the invention
  • FIG. 1b shows a horizontal section through a bucket chain excavator with another structure of the back side of the steel box
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical longitudinal section in the center axis of a bucket chain excavator according to the invention.
  • the slit 1 is excavated by means of a bucket chain excavator 2 by digging the ground 8 at the front side.
  • the bucket chain excavator 2 contains a steel box 3 which is U-shaped with respect to a horizontal sectional plane and which is slightly narrower than the slit 1 to be formed.
  • the bucket chains 4 are arranged so that, running from below upwards, they break the ground 8 loose and dig it at the front side of the slit.
  • the bucket chains 4a and 4b are formed suitably in that the individual buckets are screwed on cables 15. In the present illustrative embodiment, the guidance of the buckets takes place by means of guide rails 5.
  • the working space surrounded by the steel box 3 can be separated from the slit region lying therebehind so that the liquid level 7 in the working space can be lowered in comparison with the liquid level in the slit region lying therebehind. Due to such a lowering, a practically uniformly distributed driveon force acts on the steel box 3. In this way, it is possible to drive the bucket chain excavator forward and to press the buckets onto the front side earth 8 as intensely as desired so that an optimum digging capacity can be achieved.
  • the rear corners of the steel box are provided with further seals 12 which may, e.g., have the form of inflatable hoses of some resilient material.
  • pipes 14 are arranged within the steel box, through which water, a thixotropic liquid or air can be pressed via nozzles into the joint between the steel box 3 and the concrete 13.
  • FIG. 1b shows an alternative to the embodiment according to FIG. 1a.
  • the joint shuttering 16 is separated from the bucket chain excavator 2 during the forward drive and is inserted always prior to the concreting of the slit wall into the slit so that it abuts the steel box 3.
  • the joint shuttering 16 is separated from the bucket chain excavator 2 during the forward drive and is inserted always prior to the concreting of the slit wall into the slit so that it abuts the steel box 3.
  • the joint shuttering 16 is separated from the bucket chain excavator 2 during the forward drive and is inserted always prior to the concreting of the slit wall into the slit so that it abuts the steel box 3.
  • the joint shuttering 16 is separated from the bucket chain excavator 2 during the forward drive and is inserted always prior to the concreting of the slit wall into the slit so that it abuts the steel box 3.
  • the joint shuttering 16 is separated from the bucket chain excavator 2 during the forward
  • the drawing of the joint shuttering 16 after resumption of the forward drive and after sufficient setting of the concrete 13 can likewise be facilitated by pressing in of I suitable means into the joint between the concrete 13 and the joint shuttering 16.
  • the separate arrangement of the joint shuttering from the bucket chain excavator and respectively the removal thereof after each use has the advantage that the joint straps 9 outside of the slot can be inserted into the joint shuttering in a simple manner.
  • the liquid level 7 in the working space is suitably maintained just as high as in the slit 1 lying therebehind, so that the bucket chains 4a and 4b can start running unloaded.
  • the liquid level 7 drops and the necessary drive-on force becomes effective.
  • the liquid 7 can be lowered or respectively maintained low by additional pumping work.
  • a thixotropic liquid can flow again in the necessary amount through an opening 11 adapted to be shut off, from the slit 1 into the working space.
  • a guide arm 17 disposed above the level of the terrain serves for controlling the drive-on direction of the bucket chain excavator. If curved slit walls have to be made, then the bucket chain excavator 2 can thus be easily rotated about its vertical axis because the steel box 3 can be formed sufficiently torsionproof and because the clearance between the steel box and the lateral earth permits rotation.
  • the weight of the bucket chain excavator 2 and the reaction forces produced during operation of the bucket chains are suitably received by a gantry crane 10. In this manner, the formation of a vertical slit is ensured, and the friction occurring during the forward drive of the bucket chain excavator is minimized. Besides, the depth of the slit can be varied in accordance with the lifting height of the gantry crane 10.
  • a particular advantage of the invention is the high digging capacity which is achieved in that the bucket chains continuously dig the earth, while at the same time the drive-on force which can be increased at will and which is uniformly effective beyond the depth of the slit is of decisive importance.
  • a method of making slit walls wherein a slit section present in the ground is filled with a fluid and excavated at a front end substantially continuously by means of a bucket chain excavator, wherein the bucket chain excavator is sealed off against the side walls of the excavated slit and against the sole of the slit so that at the side of the bucket chain excavator facing said front end of the slit and within the slit there is formed a first fluidfilled space separate from the second fluid-filled space located behind the bucket chain excavator, wherein the fluid level in said first fluid-filled space is lowered as compared to the fluid level in said second fluid-filled space so that the bucket chain excavator is driven forward by the hydrostatic pressure differential, and wherein the formed slit is subsequently filled up with concrete.
  • a device for producing slit walls comprising a bucket chain excavator which extends down to the sole of the slit wall to be produced and which includes a box which extends along the bucket chains and the breadth of which is less than the breadth of the slit wall to be produced, furthermore containing flexible seals for sealing off said box against the side walls of the excavated slit so that spaces separate from each other can be formed within the excavated slit in front of and behind the bucket chain excavator respectively, said spaces being substantially filled with a liquid and means for lowering the liquid level in said space located in front of the bucket chain excavator as compared to the liquid level in said space located behind the bucket chain excavator.
  • a device including a guide arm secured to said box above the level of the terrain for rotation of the bucket chain excavator so as to permit the production of curved slit walls.
  • a device wherein said bucket chain excavator contains bucket chaims which can be telescoped with respect to the transverse direction.
  • a device wherein the back side of said box of the bucket chain excavator is formed as a joint shuttering and includes separate sealing means adapted to be placed on the respective side walls of the formed slit.
  • a device wherein at the back side of said box of the bucket chain excavator there are provided a joint shuttering part extending parallel to said box, as well as separate sealing means adapted to be laid on the respective side walls of the produced slit.
  • a device wherein at the back side of said box of the bucket chain excavator there are provided a joint shuttering part extending parallel to said box, as well as separate sealing means adapted to be laid on the respective side walls of the produced slit and secured to said box on both sides thereof, and furthermore wherein between said box and said joint shuttering part there are provided propping means having the form of flexible tubes which are arranged at both sides near to the walls of the slit that was formed, and which are adapted to be selectively inflated or relieved.
  • a device wherein the back side of said box of the bucket chain excavator is formed as a joint shuttering and includes separate sealing means adapted to be laid on the respective side walls of the formed slit as well as pressure conduits which terminate and open in the back side of said box and through which a suitable pressure medium can be introduced into the joint between said box and the concrete to thereby detach said box from the solidified concrete of the finished part of the slit wall.
  • a device wherein at the back side of said box of the bucket chain excavator there are provided a joint shuttering part extending parallel to said box as well as separate sealing means adapted to be laid on the respective side walls of the formed slit, and wherein furthermore said joint shuttering part includes pressure conduits which terminate and open in the back side thereof and through which a suitable pressure medium can be introduced into the joint between said joint shuttering part and the concrete to thereby detach said joint shuttering part from the solidified concrete of the finished part of the slit wall.
  • a device wherein at the back side of said box of the bucket chain excavator there are provided a joint shuttering part extending parallel to said box, as well as separate sealing means adapted to be laid on the respective side walls of the formed slit, and wherein furthermore said joint shuttering part includes a receiving device for inserting a joint strap to be concreted therein.
  • a device wherein said bucket chain excavator is suspended on a crane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
US308757*[A 1968-04-08 1969-03-20 Method and device for making slit walls Expired - Lifetime US3564855A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681759188 DE1759188C (de) 1968-04-08 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Schlitzwänden

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US3564855A true US3564855A (en) 1971-02-23

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AT (1) AT297611B (de)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3893302A (en) * 1973-10-25 1975-07-08 Rapidex Inc Machine and method for excavating trenches and for constructing walls in trenches
US3968658A (en) * 1973-09-12 1976-07-13 Schlegel Engineering Gmbh Method and apparatus for introducing water-proof sheeting into the ground in a vertical position
FR2473091A1 (fr) * 1980-01-08 1981-07-10 Sif Entreprise Bachy Dispositif de coffrage autodecoffrant utile pour la realisation d'une paroi moulee dans le sol
US4329083A (en) * 1977-01-26 1982-05-11 Societe Soletanche Methods of laying underground conduits
EP0048444A3 (en) * 1980-09-19 1982-06-09 Robert Pfoderl Method and shuttering element for producing slit walls in the ground
US4379658A (en) * 1980-12-03 1983-04-12 Thatcher Engineering Corporation Method and apparatus for constructing slurry walls
FR2542780A1 (fr) * 1983-03-18 1984-09-21 Intrafor Cofor Procede et dispositif pour ameliorer la jonction entre panneaux successifs d'une paroi en beton arme moulee dans des terrains
EP0185418A1 (de) * 1984-11-29 1986-06-25 Hollandsche Beton Groep N.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Installieren einer wasserdichten Sperrschicht im Boden
EP0186921A1 (de) * 1984-11-29 1986-07-09 Hollandsche Beton Groep N.V. Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines vertikalen Kanals im Boden
FR2648848A1 (fr) * 1989-06-23 1990-12-28 Buchenaud Joel Joint pneumatique entre panneaux de parois moulees
US5056242A (en) * 1989-05-12 1991-10-15 Finic, B.V. Underground wall construction method and apparatus
US5247743A (en) * 1992-07-02 1993-09-28 Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for digging trenches
WO2008022393A1 (en) * 2006-08-24 2008-02-28 Leigh Goullet Method and means for creating subterranean excavations and/or constructions
EP2028319A1 (de) * 2007-08-23 2009-02-25 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Fräsvorrichtung zur Bodenbearbeitung
US11560684B2 (en) * 2018-06-27 2023-01-24 Soletanche Freyssinet Formwork element provided with sacrificial sections

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968658A (en) * 1973-09-12 1976-07-13 Schlegel Engineering Gmbh Method and apparatus for introducing water-proof sheeting into the ground in a vertical position
US3893302A (en) * 1973-10-25 1975-07-08 Rapidex Inc Machine and method for excavating trenches and for constructing walls in trenches
US4329083A (en) * 1977-01-26 1982-05-11 Societe Soletanche Methods of laying underground conduits
FR2473091A1 (fr) * 1980-01-08 1981-07-10 Sif Entreprise Bachy Dispositif de coffrage autodecoffrant utile pour la realisation d'une paroi moulee dans le sol
EP0048444A3 (en) * 1980-09-19 1982-06-09 Robert Pfoderl Method and shuttering element for producing slit walls in the ground
US4379658A (en) * 1980-12-03 1983-04-12 Thatcher Engineering Corporation Method and apparatus for constructing slurry walls
FR2542780A1 (fr) * 1983-03-18 1984-09-21 Intrafor Cofor Procede et dispositif pour ameliorer la jonction entre panneaux successifs d'une paroi en beton arme moulee dans des terrains
EP0185418A1 (de) * 1984-11-29 1986-06-25 Hollandsche Beton Groep N.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Installieren einer wasserdichten Sperrschicht im Boden
EP0186921A1 (de) * 1984-11-29 1986-07-09 Hollandsche Beton Groep N.V. Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines vertikalen Kanals im Boden
US5056242A (en) * 1989-05-12 1991-10-15 Finic, B.V. Underground wall construction method and apparatus
FR2648848A1 (fr) * 1989-06-23 1990-12-28 Buchenaud Joel Joint pneumatique entre panneaux de parois moulees
US5247743A (en) * 1992-07-02 1993-09-28 Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for digging trenches
WO2008022393A1 (en) * 2006-08-24 2008-02-28 Leigh Goullet Method and means for creating subterranean excavations and/or constructions
EP2028319A1 (de) * 2007-08-23 2009-02-25 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Fräsvorrichtung zur Bodenbearbeitung
US11560684B2 (en) * 2018-06-27 2023-01-24 Soletanche Freyssinet Formwork element provided with sacrificial sections

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1759188B1 (de) 1972-07-06
AT297611B (de) 1972-04-10

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