Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B9/04—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like
  • E04B9/045—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like being laminated
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B9/30—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by edge details of the ceiling; e.g. securing to an adjacent wall
  • E04B9/303—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by edge details of the ceiling; e.g. securing to an adjacent wall for flexible tensioned membranes

Definitions

• the simplified structures merely comprise a stretched sheet of white matted PVC-material; this type of ceiling structure being particularly used in residential buildings.
• the erection of such ceiling structures is accompanied by the problem of being able to stretch or tension the ceiling sufficiently when erecting the same without an unrationally high labor contribution. If the ceiling sheeting is insufficiently stretched, it will present irregularities in the surface thereof and sag in the center. In some instances, the ceiling may not begin to sag until some time has elapsed.
• Ceiling tensioning methods employed hitherto all entail mechanical stretching of said ceiling cover structure whilst it is being erected.
• the present invention is intended to circumvent the aforementioned disadvantages without increasing the contribution of manual labor, which is only called upon during the actual process of erecting the ceiling structure; wherein the actual stretching or tensioning of the sheeting is simplified, while at the same time the end result is improved and a safer structure obtained.
• the task of stretching the sheeting manually is rendered essentially unnecessary.
• these advantages are obtained by treating the plastic sheeting with a swelling agent before placing it in position, excess swelling agent being allowed to drain away subsequent to the sheet swelling, after which the swollen sheeting is erected as a ceiling structure or cover in a room by means of conventional mechanical fastening or mounting means, with or without stretching.
• the swelling agent is then allowed to evaporate completely, whereupon the erected and fixed sheeting shrinks, to provide for a flat, smoothed surface and permanent stretch of the sheeting.
• the sheeting used is smaller in an unswollen condition than the ceiling area which it is intended to cover.
• sheeting which in an unswollen condition was 2-20 percent smaller than the intended ceiling area.
• the actual percental difference in areas of the sheeting in relation to ceiling area varies, however, in dependence on the plastic material in the sheeting. It is advantageous to choose a size which, when the sheeting is in a swollen condition, corresponds at least essentially in size to the intended ceiling area. in this way the manual labor required to erect the ceiling is reduced, since the requirement of complete stretching is obviated.
• the sheeting is often brittle and may be damaged by the mechanical securing or attachment means, it has been found expedient to provide the sheeting with suitably designed edge reinforcement portions placed around the periphery thereof, bearing in mind the aforementioned conditions concerning size; said reinforcing portions, for instance, being in the form of fabric or wire reinforced strip or tape portions, suitably provided with edge beading or thickened edges or the like to facilitate attachment of the sheeting at the side portions of the ceiling structure by, for instance, bonding and/or nailing, or by inserting said portions through a slot or attachment means of some other design.
• the sheeting is convenientlyerected at at the same time as the usual ceiling joists are placed in position.
• the said swelling agent may be applied at some other location, the consumer disclosing to the manufacturer the desired size of the sheeting and obtaining therefrom pretreated sheeting in swollen condition.
• the sheeting is packed to prevent total evaporation of the swelling agent, which remains impregnated in the sheeting before the ceiling cover structure is erected. This can be effected by packing the sheeting in polyethylene bags for instance.
• the invention is also concerned with plastic or rubber sheetings for use when putting the method into effect, comprising cut sheets of material treated with a swelling agent and conveniently provided with the aforementioned edge reinforcements.
• EXAMPLE 1 White, matted sheets of PVC containing 25 percent plastiziser and produced in running lengths 1.5 meters wide are welded together to form one single piece, presenting a surface of 4.5X6.3 m. The edges of the sheeting are then stretched to a length of 5 and 7 m. respectively, corresponding to the ceiling surface which the ceiling structure is to cover. The edges are then welded together with strips of polyester fabric reinforced PVC material having a width of 3 cm. The ceiling structure is then completely immersed in a mixture of percent odorless parafiin and 20 percent ethyloxalate and allowed to swell, the surface of the sheeting being at least equal to the surface of the ceiling, i.e. in this instance 5X7 m.
• the sheeting is then removed from the bath and excess swelling solution drained off.
• the ceiling structure may then be rolled up and packed in a polyethylene bag to prevent further departure of the swelling agent by evaporation, for instance.
• polyethylene is purely arbitrary since any material capable of fulfilling the intended function can be used in its stead.
• a sheet of some suitable material such as polyethylene may be placed on said sheeting and the sheeting rolled up together with said sheet of polyethylene.
• the packed, swollen sheeting can then be sent to the working site where it is erected in the aforementioned manner, by nailing, etc.
• EXAMPLE 2 White, matted PVC-sheet, containing 35 percent acrylonitrilbutadienemethacrylic polymer as a plasticizer and produced in running lengths 1.5 m. in width are welded together to form a single piece 6 8.5 m. in area. The edges are stretched to 7 and 10 m. in length and welded together with strips of 3 cm. wide polyester fabric reinforced PVC material. The ceiling cover structure is then completely immersed in a mixture of 78 percent odorless paraffin, 20 percent ethyloxalate and 2 percent diphenylmethanediisocyanate. The sheeting is removed from the bath and the surplus solution drained off, and said sheeting then rolled up and packed so that the swelling solution cannot evaporate.
• the process is then the same as that disclosed in example 1.
• the isocyanate reacts during the course of some days with the methacrylic acid groups and provides a cross-linking or vulcanization of the acrylnitrilebutadienemethacrylatic rubber.
• the sheeting in this way obtains considerably improved dimension stability, which contributes towards a better retention of good stretching and flatness of the ceiling than inthe case of normal PVC sheeting.
• As a result of cold flow after a while normal PVC-sheeting shows a certain tendency to sag, even though it has been well stretched when erected.
• the sheeting used as a ceiling cover structure may comprise other polymeric materials than PVC.
• examples of such materials are synthetic rubber (polychloropropene, butadiene polymers and copolymers, EP-rubber, acrylate rubber and butyl rubber, urethane rubber etc.), polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylates etc.
• a method of stretching ceiling cover structures comprising an integral sheeting of plastic material, which comprise treating the plastic sheeting with a swelling agent prior to being erected in position, draining off any excess of swelling agent subsequent to the material swelling to an increase in area of at least 2 percent, applying the swollen material to a ceiling surface by means of conventional mechanical attachment means as a ceiling cover structure, and causing the swelling agent to evaporate totally, whereupon the sheeting contracts and obtains a flat, stretched surface covering.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
• Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20299627

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (5)

• 1967
  • 1967-10-27 SE SE14766/67A patent/SE356325B/xx unknown
• 1968
  • 1968-10-24 US US770404A patent/US3615966A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1968-10-24 GB GB50608/68A patent/GB1244991A/en not_active Expired
  • 1968-10-24 NO NO04219/68A patent/NO127982B/no unknown
  • 1968-10-25 DK DK518168AA patent/DK134356B/da unknown
  • 1968-10-25 FR FR1589958D patent/FR1589958A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1968-10-25 DE DE1805218A patent/DE1805218C3/de not_active Expired
  • 1968-10-25 FI FI683029A patent/FI47222C/fi active
  • 1968-10-28 NL NL6815389A patent/NL6815389A/xx unknown

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