US3642205A - Nozzle for two opposite flow directions with different flow cross sections, and application thereof - Google Patents

Nozzle for two opposite flow directions with different flow cross sections, and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US3642205A
US3642205A US29200A US3642205DA US3642205A US 3642205 A US3642205 A US 3642205A US 29200 A US29200 A US 29200A US 3642205D A US3642205D A US 3642205DA US 3642205 A US3642205 A US 3642205A
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Prior art keywords
flow
section
nozzle
cross
bore
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Expired - Lifetime
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US29200A
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English (en)
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Orlando Marty
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J47/02—Column or bed processes
    • B01J47/022—Column or bed processes characterised by the construction of the column or container
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7847—With leak passage

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A nozzle, for filter tanks and for ion exchangers, having a movable body which automatically sets the flow cross section in operation according to the particular flow direction.
  • the present invention relates to a nozzle for two opposite flow directions with different flow cross sections, and particularly to the application thereof in ion exchangers.
  • Such nozzles are used for this purpose in the various ion exchange filters, for instance, which serve to refine or treat liquids.
  • the ion exchange filter As soon as the ion exchange filter is spent, or exhausted, after the process cycle, it has to be regenerated with chemicals in specific concentrations.
  • the filter In most cases, the filter is charged in the flow direction from the top downwards. Regeneration in the conventional systems is usually also effected in the flow direction from the top downwards. It is known, on the other hand, that the introduction of the regenerative chemicals in the flow direction upwardly or opposite to that of the process cycle permits con siderable savings in chemicals and therefore in operating cost to be achieved owing to the improvement in efficiency. This method of regeneration is generally known as the counterflow method.
  • Other objects include overcoming the defects of the prior devices, improving flow control, and providing improved nozzles.
  • the nozzle here provided is characterized by a movable body which automatically sets the flow cross section in operation according to the particular flow direction.
  • FIG. I shows part of a filter with a nozzle in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of the nozzle shown in FIG. I, in section
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show variants of the nozzle shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows part of a nozzle base 1 of a filter, with the ion exchange material 3 and with a liquid nozzle 5 fitted into the base I.
  • the nozzle 5 presents a housing 7 which is provided at one of its ends with a cap nut 9 which carries a lightweight control body 11 in the position shown.
  • the housing 7 presents ports 19 in its wall and is further provided with a central orifree 20.
  • the control body 11 has a central bore 22 therethrough.
  • the housing 7 is joined to the base 1 by a nozzle head 13 screwed or otherwise connected into the base 1.
  • a headpiece l4 closes-the liquid nozzle 5 at the top.
  • Such headpiece 14 is provided at its sides with annular distribution laminations l6 and a central tube 17 which is provided at its upper end with peripherally disposed slots 24. Arranged between the distribution laminations 16 are channels 25.
  • the number of nozzles that can be arranged per square meter of filter area is limited.
  • the flow rates in normal operation may vary within a wide range, according to the dimensioning of the system, and the same nozzle is used for" the whole range of possible flow rates.
  • the nozzle 5 is so designed that it presents a very low flow resistance even in heavy load conditions.
  • the desired flow rates in counterflow regeneration, in the direction from the bottom upwards, are substantially smaller than those in normal operation.
  • An ordinary nozzle would therefore not be suitable, as in comparison it has too large a cross section and presents too little resistance. This would result in an uneven penetration of the resin 3 with regenerative chemicals and, accordingly, in lower efficiency.
  • the nozzle 5, ensures optimum conditions in both flow directions, as the cross section automatically adjusts itself to requirements.
  • the liquid to be treated such as water
  • the ion exchange material i.e., the resin 3
  • the resin 3 between the laminations 16, through the channels 25 and the slots 24 into the central tube 17, whence the water, using the full cross section of the central orifice 20, flows downwards and then out through the lateral portsl9 of the housing 7.
  • the path of the water is indicated by broken arrows.
  • the water charged with chemicals flows into the lateral ports 19 from the bottom and lifts the buoyant control body 11 into the dash-dotted position shown, as the said control body has a 'lower specific gravity than the water.
  • the control body closes the central orifice 30 of the housing 7 and only leaves open its bore 22 to allow the water arriving from the bottom to pass through.
  • the water then rises through the central tube I7, leaves it through the slots 24 and passes through the channels 25 between the laminations 16 into the ion exchange material 3.
  • the chemicals added to the water are selected according to the type of the material 3 to be regenerated.
  • the reduction of the cross section for counterflow regeneration results in increased resistance, ensuring a better distribution in the nozzles 5, .e., a more even coverage of all the nozzles.
  • allowance must be made for the fact that the filter must be thoroughly back-flushed at certain intervals. In back-flushing also, the flow rates are lower than in normal operation. The maximum back-flushing rate averages about 10 meters/h.
  • the flow rate in counterflow regeneration would be too small to lift the control body 11 for the purpose of closing the orifice 20.
  • the control body must therefore have a specific gravity which is below that of the liquid, in particular below I gram/cc. The control body will then automatically reach its upper closing position.
  • the greater flow rate in normal operation causes the control body 11 to be pushed down and thus clear the greater cross section of the orifice 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows the lower part of a valve analogous to nozzle 5, comprising a housing 30, a nozzle head 31 and an inset 33 which is screwed into the housing and which presents bores 35 spaced round its circumference.
  • Fixed to the inset 33 by a bolt 37 is a flexible nozzle plate 36 which presents bores 39 which are aligned with the bores 35 of the inset 33, but which have a smaller cross section.
  • the water flows through the nozzle head 31 from the top downwards, as explained with reference to FIG. I.
  • the path is indicated by the broken arrows.
  • the water passes into the bores 35.
  • the plate 36 is deflected from the inset 33, as shown by a dash-dotted line, thus clearing a correspondingly large cross section through which the treated water can flow off.
  • the regeneration medium flows in the direction of the unbroken arrows.
  • the medium presses the plate 36 against the inset 33, so that it must flow through the narrower bores 39 into the bores 35 and thence continue its flow through the nozzle head 31.
  • the resistance presented by this nozzle to the flow of the regeneration medium flowing from the bottom upwards is much smaller than that presented to the water flow in normal operation, because of the considerably reduced openings in the form of the bores 39.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of such a nozzle part is shown in FIG. 3; in this case, a housing 45 is provided with a nozzle head 46. Movably arranged inside the housing 45 is a control body 48, which is biased downwardly with respect to the housing 45 by a spring 49. The said control body presents a central bore 50 and an inner channel 52 and also outer channels 53 spaced round the circumference.
  • the control body 48 is held in the housing 45 by a retainer 55, which is designed as a screwed ring and is covered towards outside by a hood 56.
  • the hood 56 has lateral ports 57 and serves as a receptacle for a ball 59 whose specific gravity is lower than that of the treatment liquid.
  • the medium flows through the ports 57 into the hood 56 and lifts the ball 59 and, as indicated by the dashdotted line, presses it against the control body 48 and thus closes the central bore 50 thereof.
  • the treatment liquid can then flow through the only orifice open to it, viz the inner channel 52, upwards into the ion exchange material.
  • F IG. 4 shows a housing 65 with a nozzle head 66. Inside the housing 65 is a bell 68 with apertures 69 and 70, below which is a control body 72 with an outer ring 73 and an inner ring 74, which rings are provided with corresponding lateral bores 76 and 77. As may be seen from FIG. 4, the said bores are covered by elastic means such as flaps or tongues 78 and 79.
  • the control body 72 is held by a retaining ring 81 which presents a central bore 82 and outer bores 83.
  • the treatment liquid flows from the bottom up through the bores 82 and 83 and presses the tongues 79 against the lateral bores 77 of the outer ring 73 to prevent passage through such bores 77.
  • the treatment liquid therefore takes the only path open to it, leading through the very narrow aperture 69 of the bell 68. Its pressure is too low to open the tongues 78 of the inner ring 74 and force its way through the outer apertures of the bell 68.
  • Back-flushing requires a larger flow quantity, calling for a higher pressure of the back-flushing medium, to permit the back-flushing medium to lift the inner tongues 78 and thus open the lateral bores 76, as shown in the dashdotted position.
  • the flow cross section is thus enlarged accordingly.
  • a nozzle according to claim 1 further comprising a recess in said housing at the bottom thereof for said float so that said float clears the whole cross section of said flow path during downflow, while in the other direction it closes the said cross section of said flow path with the exception of that of its own bore.
  • a nozzle for the passage of liquids in two opposite directions each with different flow cross sections comprising a housing section having flow paths therethrough with different flow cross sections, a plurality of annularly disposed tongues which automatically set the flow cross section in operation according to the particular flow direction, said tongues comprising a first set adapted to open under downward flow and close under upward flow, and a second set coaxially disposed with respect to said first set of tongues and adapted to open under upward flow of a predetermined pressure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
US29200A 1969-04-25 1970-04-16 Nozzle for two opposite flow directions with different flow cross sections, and application thereof Expired - Lifetime US3642205A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH631169A CH508144A (de) 1969-04-25 1969-04-25 Düse für zwei entgegengesetzte Durchflussrichtungen mit unterschiedlichen Durchflussquerschnitten, sowie deren Verwendung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3642205A true US3642205A (en) 1972-02-15

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US29200A Expired - Lifetime US3642205A (en) 1969-04-25 1970-04-16 Nozzle for two opposite flow directions with different flow cross sections, and application thereof

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3642205A (de)
AT (1) AT296175B (de)
CH (1) CH508144A (de)
DE (1) DE2016803C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2045359A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1324262A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994812A (en) * 1974-07-10 1976-11-30 Uddeholms Aktiebolag Double bottom tank structure with sleeved strainer means
US4579659A (en) * 1983-11-03 1986-04-01 Indreco U.S.A., Ltd. Filter nozzle
US4970000A (en) * 1985-09-28 1990-11-13 Dieter Eppler Method for the biological denitrification of water
CN102016238A (zh) * 2008-04-30 2011-04-13 Abb涡轮系统有限公司 喷射装置
US20120037730A1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-02-16 Johnson Screens, Inc. Variable Flow Screen Nozzle
WO2020030988A1 (en) * 2018-08-09 2020-02-13 West Invest Sa Ion-exchange system for treating a fluid and an ion chromatography method thereof

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2641425C2 (de) * 1976-09-15 1987-03-12 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Vorrichtung zum Reinigen einer Turbine
DE3123261A1 (de) * 1981-06-12 1982-12-30 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Vorrichtung zur gleichmaessigen verteilung einer 2phasen-stroemung
DE3936781A1 (de) * 1989-11-04 1991-05-08 Draegerwerk Ag Druckwechseladsorptionsanlage
SE9304335D0 (sv) * 1993-12-30 1993-12-30 Alfa Laval Agri Ab Ventilanordning
BE1012117A3 (nl) * 1998-08-11 2000-05-02 Padema Naamloze Vennootschap Inrichting voor het behandelen van water.
ES2592977B1 (es) * 2016-09-26 2017-09-06 Industrias Ponsa, S.A. Metodo para desenrollar una estructura mallada sobre una superficie y un sistema de desenrollado de una estructura mallada

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US460311A (en) * 1891-09-29 Filter
US2155964A (en) * 1938-10-08 1939-04-25 Permutit Co Insulated strainer and method of fabricating same
US2528062A (en) * 1948-02-12 1950-10-31 Dorr Co Liquid-permeable tank bottom for beds of granular material
US2634947A (en) * 1948-01-06 1953-04-14 Lawrence H Gardner Flow control valve
US3169548A (en) * 1962-03-27 1965-02-16 Rehrig Pacific Co Vent fitting for regulator valve or the like
US3421545A (en) * 1967-02-28 1969-01-14 Fluid Controls Inc Free delivery and variably restricted return valve
US3550616A (en) * 1968-06-06 1970-12-29 Robertshaw Controls Co Check valve with restricted bypass flow

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US460311A (en) * 1891-09-29 Filter
US2155964A (en) * 1938-10-08 1939-04-25 Permutit Co Insulated strainer and method of fabricating same
US2634947A (en) * 1948-01-06 1953-04-14 Lawrence H Gardner Flow control valve
US2528062A (en) * 1948-02-12 1950-10-31 Dorr Co Liquid-permeable tank bottom for beds of granular material
US3169548A (en) * 1962-03-27 1965-02-16 Rehrig Pacific Co Vent fitting for regulator valve or the like
US3421545A (en) * 1967-02-28 1969-01-14 Fluid Controls Inc Free delivery and variably restricted return valve
US3550616A (en) * 1968-06-06 1970-12-29 Robertshaw Controls Co Check valve with restricted bypass flow

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994812A (en) * 1974-07-10 1976-11-30 Uddeholms Aktiebolag Double bottom tank structure with sleeved strainer means
US4579659A (en) * 1983-11-03 1986-04-01 Indreco U.S.A., Ltd. Filter nozzle
US4970000A (en) * 1985-09-28 1990-11-13 Dieter Eppler Method for the biological denitrification of water
CN102016238A (zh) * 2008-04-30 2011-04-13 Abb涡轮系统有限公司 喷射装置
US20120037730A1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2012-02-16 Johnson Screens, Inc. Variable Flow Screen Nozzle
US8876017B2 (en) * 2010-08-11 2014-11-04 Bilfinger Water Technologies, Inc. Variable flow screen nozzle
WO2020030988A1 (en) * 2018-08-09 2020-02-13 West Invest Sa Ion-exchange system for treating a fluid and an ion chromatography method thereof
US12109513B2 (en) 2018-08-09 2024-10-08 West Invest Sa Ion-exchange system for treating a fluid and an ion chromatography method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH508144A (de) 1971-05-31
FR2045359A5 (de) 1971-02-26
DE2016803B2 (de) 1974-05-09
AT296175B (de) 1972-02-10
DE2016803A1 (de) 1970-11-12
DE2016803C3 (de) 1980-08-28
GB1324262A (en) 1973-07-25

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