US3736812A - Speed reducer recirculating cooling system - Google Patents

Speed reducer recirculating cooling system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3736812A
US3736812A US00157205A US3736812DA US3736812A US 3736812 A US3736812 A US 3736812A US 00157205 A US00157205 A US 00157205A US 3736812D A US3736812D A US 3736812DA US 3736812 A US3736812 A US 3736812A
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United States
Prior art keywords
housing
air
speed reducer
cooling
heat exchanger
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00157205A
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English (en)
Inventor
E Wellauer
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Rexnord Industries LLC
Original Assignee
Falk Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3736812A publication Critical patent/US3736812A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/048—Type of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0493—Gearings with spur or bevel gears 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F16H57/0415—Air cooling or ventilation; Heat exchangers; Thermal insulations
    • F16H57/0417—Heat exchangers adapted or integrated in the gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2186—Gear casings
    • Y10T74/2189—Cooling

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A closed recirculating air cooling system for a speed reducer having a plurality of gears disposed in a housing which comprises a dirven fan for withdrawing warm air from inside the housing, a cooling network for receiving and cooling the warm air, and duct means for conducting cooled air back into the housing. Provision may also be included for collecting oil entrapped in the air and returning it into the speed reducer housing.
  • This invention pertains to a closed recirculating air cooling system for speed reducers which is adapted to remove air from a speed reducer housing, cool it and return the cooled air to the housing.
  • the reducers also have a thermal horsepower rating which indicates the horsepower that may be transmitted by a reducer without undue overheating.
  • a variety of cooling systems have been designed for gear type speed reducers to overcome problems of overheating, several of which employ air to provide the desired cooling.
  • US. Pat. No. 3,406,591 employs a fan that draws air into one end of a shroud enclosing the top portion of a gear housing. The air circulates past the upper portion of the housing and exits at the opposite end of the shroud.
  • US. Pat. No. 3,353,591 discloses a gear unit having exterior cooling ribs and a suction blower. Cool air is drawn by the suction blower and is directed by deflector plates to circulate past the cooling ribs.
  • a cooling system that consists of an air blower attached to one end of a reducer housing and an air vent formed in the opposite end of the housing. Cool air is blown into the housing and hot air is forced out through the vent.
  • This type of system provides efficient cooling, but it was not designed to operate with reducers that normally have a large amount of lubricating oil vapor entrained in the air inside the housing because the oil vapor would naturally be vented out of the housing with the hot air. Thus, not only would the lubricating oil supply continually be deplenished, but in addition the oil vapor would be vented into the atmosphere to cause innumerable problems.
  • the present invention provides a closed recirculating cooling system for a gear type speed reducer with gears that are mounted on shafts and are enclosed in a housing.
  • the cooling system includes several suction ports formed in a wall of the housing.
  • a driven fan is connected to the exterior surface of the wall to overlie the suction ports and is enclosed by a cover that is hermetically sealed to the housing.
  • a first air duct provides communication between the interior of the fan cover and one end of a heat exchanger and a second air duct is communicatively interposed between the opposite end of the heat exchanger and an opening in a wall of the housing.
  • the fan draws hot air out of the housing through the suction ports and circulates the air to the heat exchanger through the first air duct. As the hot air is passed through the heat exchanger, cooling fins cause the air temperature to be lowered and the cooled air is returned to the housing via the second air duct.
  • the main objects of this invention are to provide a highly efficient cooling system for a gear reducer to increase the load capacity of the reducer; to provide a cooling system for a gear type speed reducer that cools warm air from within the reducer housing by circulating it through a heat exchanger and then transmits this cooled air back into the housing to directly come in contact with the gears of the reducer; and to provide a closed cooling system whereby lubricating vapor suspended in the air that is drawn from within the housing to be cooled will not be permanently removed from the housing but will be condensed as the air is cooled and returned back to the housing.
  • a more limited object is to provide the particular structures hereinafter claimed.
  • one of the primary advantages achieved is that the cooled air will directly come in contact with the gears and the circulating bulk oil as well as mist and spray in the speed reducer to provide more efficient gear cooling than that previously achieved by other cooling methods.
  • Still another area where the closed air cooling system will be effective is in certain applications where the natural heat-dissipating qualities of the speed reducer will be restricted when the unit is housed in an enclosure of sound-absorption material to create an acoustic barrier.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a gear type speed reducer with a first embodiment of the cooling system of the present invention incorporated therewith;
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the speed reducer and cooling system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the speed reducer and cooling system of FIG. 1 taken along the plane 3-3 and showing a fan of the cooling system disposed on a shaft of the reducer;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of a heat exchanger comprising a part of the cooling system of FIG. 1 taken along the plane 4-4;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary view with parts in section of a second embodiment of the present invention showing the cooling system fan disposed on the shaft of an electric motor;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevation view of a second type of heat exchanger that may be utilized in the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 6 taken along the plane 7-7.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a gear type speed reducer incorporating a presently preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reducer including a housing 1 that encloses the gears of the reducer.
  • the present invention is particularly suited to be utilized with speed reducers that normally have a large amount of lubricating oil vapor entrained in the air within the reducer housing 1.
  • the oil vapor has the dual functions of providing lubrication for the gears of the reducer and also providing a certain amount of gear cooling.
  • the housing 1 comprises an upper section 2 and a lower section 3.
  • the bottom portion of the lower section 3 serves as a sump in which lubricating oil for the operating components of the reducer is stored, which oil level is represented by a dotted line 4.
  • the internal components of the reducer are shown in the cross section view of FIG. 3.
  • An input shaft 5 and an output shaft 6 are journaled at opposite ends in sidewalls 7 and 8 of the housing 1.
  • a high speed drive gear 9 is disposed on the input shaft 5 and a low speed driven gear 10 is similarly disposed on the output shaft 6 to form a single reduction unit.
  • the speed reducer construction forms no part of the pres ent invention, which is not restricted to use with the illustrated type of unit as it would work equally well in conjunction with other forms of gear type speed reducers.
  • FIG. 3 Also shown in FIG. 3 is a suction fan 11 that forms part of the present invention.
  • the fan 11 is mounted on one end 12 of the input shaft 5, so that the fan is driven by the input shaft.
  • Suction ports 13 are formed in the sidewall 8 of the housing 1 near the end 12 of the input shaft 5 and it is through the ports 13 that the vapor ladened hot air is withdrawn from inside the housing 1 by the fan 11.
  • the suction ports 13 are preferably formed in the side wall 8 to symmetrically surround the input shaft 5 in order that the suction fan 11 overlies the suction ports 13.
  • a cover 15 Secured to the sidewall 8 of the housing 1, as by bolts 14, is a cover 15 that encloses the fan 11 and is hermetically sealed to the sidewall 8.
  • the cover 15 acts as a pocket into which the hot air from the housing 1 is drawn by the fan 11.
  • the cover 15 has a spout 16 that leads to a cooling network consisting of a first air duct 17, a heat exchanger 18 and a second air duct 19.
  • the heat exchanger 18 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, consists of a substantially cylindrical chamber 22 with an inlet port 23 and an outlet port 24 in which an end' of the first air duct 17 and an end of the second air duct 19 are respectively disposed.
  • the cooling apparatus lies crosswise in the chamber 22 of the exchanger 18 and consists of a metal fluid tube 25 on which a plurality of cooling fins 26 are affixed.
  • the tube 25 has an inlet end 27 and an outlet end 28 that protrude through the cylindrical wall 29 of the chamber 22 and between the two ends 27 and 28 the tube 25 winds up and down in a sinuous fashion inside the chamber 22.
  • cool water is circulated through the fluid tube 25 to cool the fins 26.
  • the air comes in contact with the fluid tube 25 and the cooling fins 26 whereupon heat from the air is conducted to the water circulating through the fluid tube 25 and the hot air is consequently cooled.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment wherein the fan 11 of the cooling system is driven by an electric motor 31 attached to the cover 15, instead of being driven by a shaft of the speed reducer.
  • An electric motor driven fan is particularly useful in maintaining proper direction of air flow and fan speed regardless of the direction of rotation and speed of the pinion shaft 5.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a second type of exchanger 32 for use with the present invention that comprises a chamber 33 which is similar to that of the exchanger 18. Disposed inside the chamber 33 is a cooling apparatus comprising a plurality of fins 34 that extend substantially the length of the chamber 33.
  • the fins 34 resemble narrow ridges which are each positioned lengthwise on the outer surface of a cylinder.
  • the cooling produced by the exchanger 32 depends on the transmission of heat from the hot air to the fins 34 through conduction but since there is no cooling water to convey the heat from the exchanger 32 as is provided in the exchanger 18, the heat is transmitted to the wall 35 of the chamber 33 and is radiated away from the exchanger 32.
  • an oil return line 36 is utilized with the exchanger 32 to convey the oil droplets that form in the exchanger 32 back into the reducer housing 1.
  • the cool air exiting from the exchanger 32 passes through the second air duct 19 and into the housing 1 to come in direct contact with the reducer gears.
  • a closed recirculating cooling system comprising, in combination:
  • a suction port formed in a wall of the housing of the speed reducer
  • suction means mounted to overlie the suction port and draw air out of the housing through the suction port;
  • enclosure means that fits over the suction means and is hermetically sealed to the housing wall; external heat exchanging means for cooling air; first conduit means for conveying air from the enclosure means to the heat exchanger;
  • an oil return line that communicates between the heat exchanger and the housing to return condensed oil from the heat exchanger into the housing.
  • suction means is mounted on one end of the input shaft of the speed reducer and is driven by said input shaft.
  • the combination of claim 1 further including a motor mounted on the enclosure means, and arranged to drive the suction means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US00157205A 1971-06-28 1971-06-28 Speed reducer recirculating cooling system Expired - Lifetime US3736812A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15720571A 1971-06-28 1971-06-28

Publications (1)

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US3736812A true US3736812A (en) 1973-06-05

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US00157205A Expired - Lifetime US3736812A (en) 1971-06-28 1971-06-28 Speed reducer recirculating cooling system

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3736812A (fr)
BE (1) BE782781A (fr)
BR (1) BR7203322D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA951545A (fr)
DE (1) DE2220565A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2139328A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1345834A (fr)
IT (1) IT956857B (fr)
NL (1) NL7207589A (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4010016A (en) * 1975-05-27 1977-03-01 Ingersoll-Rand Company Gas compressor
US4633938A (en) * 1985-08-08 1987-01-06 The Falk Corporation Gear drive cooling system
US4679970A (en) * 1981-08-26 1987-07-14 Kearney & Trecker Corporation High speed toolholder for a machining center
US5220978A (en) * 1991-02-21 1993-06-22 Texaco Inc. Cooling system for journalled rotating shaft machinery
US5316106A (en) * 1993-05-07 1994-05-31 Ford Motor Company Lubricant cooling system for a motor vehicle axle
US5540300A (en) * 1995-01-09 1996-07-30 American Axle & Manufacturing Inc. Drive axle assembly with lubricant cooling system
US5909170A (en) * 1996-10-11 1999-06-01 Reliance Electric Industrial Company Speed reducer with pressure sensor
US20040149518A1 (en) * 2000-03-15 2004-08-05 Coyle Edward L. Method of Cooling axle
US20110226449A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2011-09-22 Franz Mayr Ventilation device for transmissions with lubricant comprising water
US20150090469A1 (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-04-02 Hydraulic Power Systems, Inc. Vibratory Hammer with Passive Lubrication System for Bearings
WO2016018498A1 (fr) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-04 Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Ensemble de refroidissement d'huile de boîte de vitesses
US20160053426A1 (en) * 2013-03-26 2016-02-25 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Heat pump laundry dryer with noise attenuation structure
CN107542913A (zh) * 2017-08-04 2018-01-05 福建圣力智能工业科技股份有限公司 一种散热型减速机
CN113623389A (zh) * 2021-08-11 2021-11-09 贵州吉利发动机有限公司 变速箱油温热管理方法及系统
WO2023010946A1 (fr) * 2021-08-03 2023-02-09 精进电动科技股份有限公司 Carter de réducteur de vitesse et ensemble d'entraînement électrique
US11994205B1 (en) * 2023-02-21 2024-05-28 Dana Automotive Systems Group, Llc Integrated gear oil shroud and pump oil pickup

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8601192D0 (en) * 1986-01-18 1986-02-19 Dowty Meco Ltd Power transmission
DE3631517A1 (de) * 1986-09-17 1988-04-14 Konrad Dipl Ing Schmidt Ein- oder mehrteilige schutzverkleidung fuer zugmittelgetriebe
FR2706563B1 (fr) * 1993-06-18 1995-08-11 Giat Ind Sa Système de refroidissement d'un dispositif de transmission, en particulier d'un réducteur à engrenages d'entraînement d'un barbotin d'un véhicule chenillé ou à roues.
DE102008050149B3 (de) * 2008-10-01 2010-02-18 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Entlüftungsvorrichtung für Getriebe mit Wasser enthaltendem Schmierstoff
EP2594756B1 (fr) 2011-11-18 2015-08-19 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik AG & Co KG Dispositif de condensation
CN112555393B (zh) * 2020-12-02 2022-01-28 河北冀钻重工机械装备有限公司 减速机

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH115797A (de) * 1924-10-21 1926-07-16 Algernon Parsons Charles Kühleinrichtung für luftgekühlte dynamoelektrische Maschinen, Transformatoren etc.
GB344703A (en) * 1930-04-22 1931-03-12 Clarence John Fitzpatrick Improvements in or relating to cooling means for gear units
US2391186A (en) * 1943-06-12 1945-12-18 Cleveland Worm & Gear Company Air-cooled reduction gear unit
US2419439A (en) * 1947-04-22 Cooling system for transformers
US2654583A (en) * 1949-10-12 1953-10-06 Gen Electric Air-cooled transformer
US2947798A (en) * 1957-08-20 1960-08-02 Gen Electric Cooling arrangement for electric apparatus
US2990443A (en) * 1958-10-10 1961-06-27 Gen Electric Cooling system and method for electrical apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419439A (en) * 1947-04-22 Cooling system for transformers
CH115797A (de) * 1924-10-21 1926-07-16 Algernon Parsons Charles Kühleinrichtung für luftgekühlte dynamoelektrische Maschinen, Transformatoren etc.
GB344703A (en) * 1930-04-22 1931-03-12 Clarence John Fitzpatrick Improvements in or relating to cooling means for gear units
US2391186A (en) * 1943-06-12 1945-12-18 Cleveland Worm & Gear Company Air-cooled reduction gear unit
US2654583A (en) * 1949-10-12 1953-10-06 Gen Electric Air-cooled transformer
US2947798A (en) * 1957-08-20 1960-08-02 Gen Electric Cooling arrangement for electric apparatus
US2990443A (en) * 1958-10-10 1961-06-27 Gen Electric Cooling system and method for electrical apparatus

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4010016A (en) * 1975-05-27 1977-03-01 Ingersoll-Rand Company Gas compressor
US4679970A (en) * 1981-08-26 1987-07-14 Kearney & Trecker Corporation High speed toolholder for a machining center
US4633938A (en) * 1985-08-08 1987-01-06 The Falk Corporation Gear drive cooling system
US5220978A (en) * 1991-02-21 1993-06-22 Texaco Inc. Cooling system for journalled rotating shaft machinery
US5316106A (en) * 1993-05-07 1994-05-31 Ford Motor Company Lubricant cooling system for a motor vehicle axle
US5540300A (en) * 1995-01-09 1996-07-30 American Axle & Manufacturing Inc. Drive axle assembly with lubricant cooling system
US5909170A (en) * 1996-10-11 1999-06-01 Reliance Electric Industrial Company Speed reducer with pressure sensor
US20040149518A1 (en) * 2000-03-15 2004-08-05 Coyle Edward L. Method of Cooling axle
US7028810B2 (en) * 2000-03-15 2006-04-18 Cnh America Llc Method for cooling an axle
CN102216654B (zh) * 2008-10-01 2015-07-15 玛格纳斯太尔汽车技术股份公司 用于具有含水润滑油的变速器的通气装置
US20110226449A1 (en) * 2008-10-01 2011-09-22 Franz Mayr Ventilation device for transmissions with lubricant comprising water
CN102216654A (zh) * 2008-10-01 2011-10-12 玛格纳斯太尔汽车技术股份公司 用于具有含水润滑油的变速器的通气装置
US10175001B2 (en) 2008-10-01 2019-01-08 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co. Kg Ventilation device for transmissions with lubricant comprising water
US20160053426A1 (en) * 2013-03-26 2016-02-25 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Heat pump laundry dryer with noise attenuation structure
US9719205B2 (en) * 2013-03-26 2017-08-01 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Heat pump laundry dryer with noise attenuation structure
US10415475B2 (en) 2014-07-31 2019-09-17 Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Gearbox oil cooling assembly
WO2016018498A1 (fr) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-04 Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Ensemble de refroidissement d'huile de boîte de vitesses
US20150090469A1 (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-04-02 Hydraulic Power Systems, Inc. Vibratory Hammer with Passive Lubrication System for Bearings
CN107542913A (zh) * 2017-08-04 2018-01-05 福建圣力智能工业科技股份有限公司 一种散热型减速机
WO2023010946A1 (fr) * 2021-08-03 2023-02-09 精进电动科技股份有限公司 Carter de réducteur de vitesse et ensemble d'entraînement électrique
US12366290B2 (en) 2021-08-03 2025-07-22 Jing-Jin Electric Technologies Co., Ltd. Speed reducer casing and electric drive assembly
CN113623389A (zh) * 2021-08-11 2021-11-09 贵州吉利发动机有限公司 变速箱油温热管理方法及系统
CN113623389B (zh) * 2021-08-11 2022-11-25 贵州吉利发动机有限公司 变速箱油温热管理方法及系统
US11994205B1 (en) * 2023-02-21 2024-05-28 Dana Automotive Systems Group, Llc Integrated gear oil shroud and pump oil pickup

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7207589A (fr) 1973-01-02
FR2139328A5 (fr) 1973-01-05
BR7203322D0 (pt) 1973-07-17
BE782781A (fr) 1972-08-16
DE2220565A1 (de) 1973-01-11
GB1345834A (en) 1974-02-06
IT956857B (it) 1973-10-10
CA951545A (en) 1974-07-23

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