US3774424A - Key-operated mechanical lock - Google Patents

Key-operated mechanical lock Download PDF

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Publication number
US3774424A
US3774424A US00199854A US3774424DA US3774424A US 3774424 A US3774424 A US 3774424A US 00199854 A US00199854 A US 00199854A US 3774424D A US3774424D A US 3774424DA US 3774424 A US3774424 A US 3774424A
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Prior art keywords
lock
information
sensing
elements
storage
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00199854A
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English (en)
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K Ehrat
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B33/00—Cylinder locks in which the bolt is moved by means other than the key
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/7729—Permutation
    • Y10T70/7734—Automatically key set combinations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/778—Operating elements
    • Y10T70/7791—Keys
    • Y10T70/7881—Bitting
    • Y10T70/7893—Permutation

Definitions

  • the invention provides for a locking mechanism for the sensing elements which locks the sensing elements after each sensing movement in their relative positions for at least the period of time required for the comparison of the two informations.
  • the required information is contained in a mechanical storage means provided in the lock.
  • a mechanical storage means provided in the lock.
  • the sensing elements which are customarily referred to as tumblers, are accessible from the key hole also during the comparison operation. This seriously and negatively affects the security of the lock in respect of unauthorized opening and such locks can thus be picked relatively easily.
  • the variability of the known locks with adjustable lock information is limited by the fact that a separate key is required or has to be produced for each individual lock information.
  • This disadvantage is obviated by the present invention by using a key whose shaft is constructed as a tube in which at least portions of the key information can be inserted in the form of inserts of plastic material.
  • each new lock informa tion can be simply set by locking the open lock with a new key.
  • the key automatically adjusts or adapts the lock information to conform to the key information.
  • a lock mechanism as proposed in this invention can be constructed as a memory lock without substantial modification.
  • the lock elements are suitably constructed so that after insertion of a key, which may be a new key, into the open lock and after the scanning or sensing of the key and the locking of the actual information of the key which has been transmitted to the lock, the actual information, in the further course of the locking movement of the lock, is mechanically and automatically transmittable to the temporarily unlocked required information storage means, whereupon after transmission of the new required information, this actual information is lockable by the locking mechanism of the required information storage means.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a lock in accordance with the invention in cross section representing the es-- sential parts of the lock.
  • FIGS. 2-10 show the lock of FIG. 1 in different conditions during the locking procedure, the Figures showing the lock also in cross section.
  • FIG. II is a longitudinal section of the lock along the lines AA, BB and CC of FIG. I.
  • FIGS. 12-14 show a key in which FIG. 12 is a side elevation of the key
  • FIG. I3 is a sectional view according to line D-D of FIG. 12, and FIG. I4 is a section according to line E-E of FIG.
  • FIG. 15 shows curve diagrams for the control of the lock elements as a function of the angle of rotation of the lock.
  • FIGS. Ida, b and c show diagrammatically the coaction of a sensing element with a storage element, while FIGS. 17-19 are additional embodiments for sensing elements and storage elements.
  • FIG. I shows the lock with its essential parts in cross section. While in FIG. 1 the parts are indicated by reference numerals, the same parts shown in FIGS. 2-10 have not been indicated by reference numerals.
  • FIG. 2 shows the lock in locked or closed condition (position 0) in cross section
  • FIG. II. is a longitudinal section
  • the key II is shown in cross section, as inserted into the keyhole h.
  • the depressions 9a in the key may, for example, have three different levels. Perpendicular to the plane of the sheet, there are arranged in the key a number of such depressions of different levels (see FIG. 13). These depressions form together the key information.
  • the depressions are scanned or sensed by means of the sensing elements which consist of the sensing pins I and the sensing members 2 secured to the pins I.
  • the sensing pins l are axially movably mounted in bores of the keyhole tube 8a and of the guide member 7 (the axis of the pins is indicated by ref erence numeral 4).
  • sensing elements are arranged one after the other. For example, 16 such sensing elements may be arranged.
  • the sensing members 2 are provided at their upper side with three locking notches 2a and at the lower side with the V-shaped catch or latch curve 2b.
  • the locking mechanism for the sensing elements is arranged above the sensing elements 1, 2.
  • This locking mechanism consists of the shaft 6a, which is rockable about an axis 6, and of the locking rail 6b, secured to the shaft 60.
  • the left-hand, tapered and bent locking edge 6c causes the looking with the locking mechanism and is engageable into anyone of the three locking notches 2a.
  • a drawing-up or lifting edge 6d of the locking rail 6b serves the purpose to move the sensing elements 1, 2 back or away from the region of the key 9 in order to render possible ubobstructed insertion and removal of the key.
  • FIG. 2 shows the sensing element locking mechanism in the restored position.
  • the shaft 611 is rotatably mounted in two lock plates 20 and 21.
  • These storage elements 10 are, for example, constructed in the form of flat plates and contain the following portions:
  • Each storage element is associated with one of the sensing elements 1, 2 and associated storage element 10 and sensing members 2 are situated in the same plane and are held or maintained in this plane by a guide rake 7a (see FIGS. 2 and 11) of the guide member 7.
  • the storage elements 10 are, on the one hand, rockable about the axis 11 of the storage element shaft 11a by means of the guide fork 10c, while, on the other hand, they are movably mounted in axial direction on the storage element shaft 11a, at least approximating the sensing direction of the sensing elements (pin axis 4).
  • the shaft 11a has a recessed or tapped guide groove 11c for each of the storage elements 10 (see FIG. 11).
  • the storage elements 10 in this embodiment also are provided with three storage means locking notches 10b.
  • the locking mechanism for the required information (lock information storage means) consists of the storage means locking rails 12 with bent-over locking ends 12a which are rigidly connected with the shaft 11, for example by means of milled means on the shaft 11.
  • the embodiment shows four storage means locking rail 12 one for each four storage elements 10 instead of one wide rail 12 for all 16 storage elements 10.
  • the storage means locking rails are normally also turned and the locking ends 12a may then engage in one of the three notches 10b of the storage elements 10 and thus lock the storage elements against axial movement.
  • the locked storage elements 10 contain together in their axial positions (lefthand position, center position or right-hand position) the required or look information. These axial positions extend relative to each other in about parallel manner to the sensing direction.
  • an actuating element 14 for the storage means elements which may be constructed as a stirrup which actuates all the storage elements 10 jointly, the sensing points may be pressed upwardly against the sensing members 2.
  • the actuators 14 are also arranged so as to be rockable about the axis 11. They are fixed on the bearing bushings 18 and 15 which are loosely rotatable on the shaft 11a, the movements of the actuators being transmitted through the bushing 15 to the stirrup 14 (see FIG. 11).
  • Shaft 11a and bushing 15 are rotatably mounted in the two lock plates 20 and 21.
  • the lock elements are arranged between the two round lock plates 20 and 21 or are mounted thereon (see FIG. 11).
  • the lock plates are connected with each other by means of a spacer 22 (FIG. 1) and the keyhole tube 80.
  • the lock plates are rotatably mounted in the stationary lock cylinder 15 about an angle from between 0 to In the 0 position, the lock is closed (ZU) and in the 180 position it is open (OF) (see FIGS. 210 and FIG. 15).
  • the turning of the lock in the lock cylinder is effected in known manner by the inserted key 9. During the turning, three different control movements are transmitted to the lock elements.
  • FIG. 15 indicates the extensions or course of the three different control curves as a function of the rotational angle of the lock.
  • the control curve K1 for the control of the sensing element locking mechanism is indicated, while in the center line II the control curve K2 for the control of the storage element actuator 14 is represented.
  • the lowermost line III indicates the control curves K3 and K3 for the control of the storage means locking mechanism, the curves K3 and K3 being situated in the same plane (see FIG. 11).
  • the stationary control curves and locking obstructions may be produced from punched sheet metal plates (see FIG. II).
  • the locking mechanism 6 for the sensing elements is rocked outwardly so as to be completely away from the locking position, the sensing elements 1, 2 are drawn out from the keyhole 8 and the key 9 can be inserted (column or line I).
  • the storage element actuator 14 is rocked downwardly (outwardly) and the storage sensing points (comparison points) 110a are in the down position (line or column II).
  • the locking mechanism 112 for the storage means is rocked inwardly into the locked position.
  • the actual information thus consists of the combination of all the positions in respect of the sensing directions of all sensing elements I, 2 which are locked by the common locking rail 6.
  • FIG. 5 shows the lock in the position corresponding to 60 (in direction of opening).
  • the key information which has been sensed from the key 9 and which thus is now locked in the sensing elements, corresponds to the lock information which is contained in the storage elements It) and which lock information is also locked.
  • each storage sensing point 10a can move forward to the lowermost point of the V-shaped catching or latching curve 2b, the stirrup-shaped storage element actuator 14 can, due to the action of the spring F2, rock completely inwardly and the lock can be further rotated (opened) to the 180 position (see FIG. 15 60, Case II).
  • the catching curves 2b at the sensing elements I, 2 and the sensing points Ida (comparison points) at the storage elements 10 form the information-comparison part and serve for the comparison between the actual information and the required information (FIG. 16). If the informations coincide, the saddle point of the catching curve 2b of the sensing element I, 2 has, in direction of the sensing, the same position as the sensing point 10a of the storage element I0.
  • the sensing point 10a may in this case dip to the complete depth while the storage elements 10 and thus also the storage element actuator 14 may perform the maximum possible relative movement against the sensing element 1, 2 and the lock opening is only possible after this maximum movement has been performed.
  • FIG. 6 shows the lock in the same representation as in FIG. 5 (60 position), wherein, however, in this Case 2 the actual information (key information) and the required information (lock information) do not coincide. It is sufficient for this that only one single sensing element position does not coincide with the position of the associated storage element III so that the sensing point 10a of the latter cannot penetrate into the base or deepest position of the catching curve 2b and thereby the rocking of the common storage element actuator 14 in an inward direction is prevented.
  • the contact cam R2 which is connected with the actuator 14, then engages at the lock obstruction SP2 (column II, 60 position, Case 2 of FIG. 15) and the lock cannot be opened.
  • FIG. 7 shows the lock in opened condition (180 position).
  • the sensing element locking mechanism is rocked outwardly, the sensing elements ll, 2 are drawn out from the range of the key and the key 9 can be inserted.
  • the storage element actuator 14 is rocked outwardly, the storage element locking mechanism 12 is released and the storage elements III are freely movable.
  • FIG. 2 shows the lock in a position which is turned backwardly about 45 from the open position position) in direction of closure.
  • the sensing elements 1,2 have sensed or scanned the key 9 and are locked by means of the sensing element locking mechanism. If the sensing element locking mechanism, due to a defective key, would be situated on a tooth between the notches (see FIG. 4), then the closure movement could not be further continued.
  • the storage element actuator 14 is pressed inwardly, to wit in FIG. 16 in an upward direction. Since all the storage elements are freely movable in axial direction, the storage sensing points 10a are moved along the V-shaped catching curves 2b until they have completely dipped into the base or lowermost region of the catching curves 2b. In doing so, they are moved in axial direction in such a manner that they take over the axial position of the sensing elements (key information). Thus, for example, during this phase the storage element 10 shown in FIG. 16, column 0, would be moved into the position of column a.
  • the memory phase lasts from the 135 to the 120 movement during the closure procedure, during which time all the storage elements can take over the key information sensed from the key 9 directly through the sensing elements 1, 2. It is thus possible with an open lock to insert a new key 9 and to take over its key information automatically during the closure procedure by the storage elements 10, to wit directly through the sensing elements 1, 2.
  • FIG. 9 shows the lock during the closure procedure in the angular position 105 (Case 1 of FIG.
  • the key information which has been transmitted from the sensing elements 1, 2 to the storage elements 10, has been locked by the storage elements locking mechanism and forms the new lock information.
  • the memory procedure is also clear from FIG. 16.
  • the storage elements locking mechanism 12 (required storage means locking) is released, then, by the action of the spring F2, the storage elements actuator 14, and thus the storage element 10, is lifted. At the same time the storage element 10 is moved in the sensing direction towards the left until the sensing point (comparison point) dips into the base or deepest portion of the catching curve 2b. The locking member 12 will again engage in this position during closure, and required and actual informations are now the same.
  • the required information (lock information) of the storage element 10 has been taken over by the ac tual information, to wit the information sensed from the key 9, and the information condition is changed from that indicated in column c to that indicated in column a of FIG. 16.
  • the entire memory procedure takes place during the closing phase between 135 and 105.
  • the inclined flanks of the catching curve 2b make it possible to set the storage elements 10 to a different, changed actual information (memory procedure). This is accomplished by movement of the comparison points of the unlocked storage elements 10 by means of storage element actuator 14 substantially transverse to the sensing direction against the sensing elements 1, 2.
  • FIG. 10 shows the lock in the same angular position (l05) as in FIG. 9, however for Case 2.
  • the storage element lockage mechanism has not properly engaged in the notches and strands on a tooth between the notches.
  • the storage element 10 and thus also the storage element actuator 14 are pressed outwardly and the sliding cam R2 prevents further rotation of the lock by engagement with the obstruction or blockage SP2.
  • FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of the information comparison portions in reverse arrangement, to wit a reversed arrangement of catching curve and sensing points (comparison points).
  • the catching curve which is here indicated with 10f, is arranged at the storage element 10 and the comparison point, here indicated with 2f, is arranged at the sensing element 1, 2.
  • the effect is, of course, the same as in the embodiment of FIG. 16.
  • FIG. 18 shows a still further variation for the information-comparison parts of the sensing elements 1, 2 and the storage elements 10.
  • the V-shaped catching curves are replaced by comparison gaps 2b with vertical flanks into which the comparison points can dip when the respective informations coincide.
  • the automatic transmission of the actual information (key information) to the required information (lock information) in a memory phase is not possible in this embodiment.
  • the lock storage locking mechanism 12 is not controlled during operation and the storage elements 10 are constantly locked. A change of the lock information is accomplished in manual manner by releasing the locking mechanism, setting the storage elements 10 anew and again-locking.
  • the sensing direction is indicated in FIG. 18 by the double arrow AR, while the rocking direction of the storage elements 10 is made clearer by the double arrow SR.
  • FIG. 19 shows an embodiment which has the same manner of action as in FIG. 18, however the comparison gaps and comparison points are interchanged between sensing element 1, 2 and storage element 10.
  • the catching curves, the comparison points and the comparison gaps form the information-comparison parts of sensing elements and storage elements.
  • Not all storage elements have to be changeable. Of 16 storage elements, for example, 8 may be permanent and 8 may be changeable. The lockings of the permanent storage elements are then always engaged and not controllable.
  • FIGS. 12 through 14 an embodiment of a key on somewhat enlarged scale with four exchangeable inserts 9b is shown.
  • the inserts may, for example, be of plastics.
  • the inserts are inserted into a metal tube and are scannable through the openings 9d or 92.
  • Each of the four portions 9b of plastics has four information scanning areas 9a, which are scannable or sensable through the pins 1 of the sensing elements 1, 2.
  • Each sensing area (information area) has three possible levels, in such a manner that 3 81 different parts of plastics are possible. This means that with four of 81 exchangeable plastics portions per key, 81 40-10 possible key combinations are feasible.
  • the grip or handle of the key 9f is detachable in order to be able to insert the inserts 9b into the metal tube 90.
  • a portion of the key 9, for example eight information areas, may be constructed of metal and may be permanent, to wit not variable. Due to the centrically symmetrical arrangement of identical key information 9a and the openings 9e, the key is also insertable in a position which is offset by 180. Of course, it is within the scope of the invention to make the key of a single metal piece so that it is not variable. H
  • the nose 9g at the handle or grip of the key permits removal of the key 9 only in the terminal positions of the lock rotation.
  • the key informations may also have, for example, two (binary informations) or four different levels. Key sensing elements and storage elements are then correspondingly provided with two, respectively four, locking notches.
  • Lock cylinders and lock plates may be constructed with thicker walls than indicated in the drawings, in order to increase the security of the lock. Thus, the lock is more difficult to destroy.
  • the portion In the two terminal positions of the rotatable lock portion, which are separated from each other by 180, the portion may be held by a suitable mechanism,such as groove mechanism, not shown.
  • a mechanical, key-operated lock in which the actual information of the key is scanned by means of a mechanical scanner having a sensing element for each area of information and wherein the positions of the sensing elements are compared with the required information for opening the lock, which required information is contained in the lock in a mechanical storage means, and wherein the lock can be opened when the actual information and the required information coincide
  • the improvement which comprises a locking mechanism for said sensing elements, said locking mechanism locking said sensing elements after each sensing movement in their relative positions for a period of time, which is at least as long as the time required for the subsequent comparison of the sensed actual information with the stored required information 2.
  • means are provided for mechanically setting different required information conditions at said required information storage means, and a storage means locking mechanism for locking such different required information conditions in said required information storage means.
  • each of said sensing elements is associated with a storage element of said required information storage means and the actual information condition transmitted to the lock consists in the locked position of all sensing elements (1, 2) in sensing direction while the required information condition consists in the locked position of all storage elements (10) in the sensing direction (AR),
  • a mechanical, key-operated lock in which the actual information of the keys is scanned by means of a mechanical scanner having a sensing element for each area of information and wherein the positions of the sensing elements are compared with the required information for opening the lock, which required information is contained in the lock in a mechanical storage means, and wherein the lock can be opened when the actual information and the required information coincide
  • the improvement which comprises a locking mechanism for said sensing elements, said locking mechanism locking said sensing elements after each sensing movement in their relative positions for a period of time, which is at least as long as the time required for the subsequent comparison of the sensed actual information with the stored required information
  • a stationary lock cylinder 15
  • the lock having a lock body rotatably arranged within said stationary lock cylinder, said lock body containing the lock elements of the lock, the axis of the keyhole of the lock extending parallel to the axis (5) of the lock cylinder while, by means of the inserted key (9), said lock body is rotatable by at least about the axis
  • the storage elements (10) comprise flat plates extending in the plane of the associated sensing members (2), which plates contain the information-bearing comparison portions (We) at one end, said plates being movable with their information-bearing comparison portions, thereby that the other ends of the plates are rotatable about an axis (11) which extends parallel to the

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  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
US00199854A 1970-11-20 1971-11-18 Key-operated mechanical lock Expired - Lifetime US3774424A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1723070A CH535363A (de) 1970-11-20 1970-11-20 Schloss

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US3774424A true US3774424A (en) 1973-11-27

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US00199854A Expired - Lifetime US3774424A (en) 1970-11-20 1971-11-18 Key-operated mechanical lock

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US (1) US3774424A (it)
CH (1) CH535363A (it)
DE (1) DE2157252A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2114851A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1342946A (it)
IT (1) IT943674B (it)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3892111A (en) * 1973-01-23 1975-07-01 G A O Ges Fur Automation Variable locking device
DE2517689A1 (de) * 1974-04-25 1975-11-13 Keso Ag Mechanisches schloss
US4534195A (en) * 1982-02-19 1985-08-13 Gretag Aktiengesellschaft Mechanical lock having a variable key
US4942749A (en) * 1989-06-26 1990-07-24 Jacob Rabinow Interchangeable key lock with rolling tumblers
US5551267A (en) * 1994-04-15 1996-09-03 Briggs & Stratton Corporation Anti-magnetic tampering system for automobile ignition lock
US20030234579A1 (en) * 2002-06-25 2003-12-25 Janssen David C. Vehicle coded ignition lock using a mabnetic sensor
US6776017B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2004-08-17 Ez Change Lock Company, Llc Adaptable radial tumbler lock
US20040221630A1 (en) * 2003-05-08 2004-11-11 Ez Change Lock Company Rapid-change lock
US20070193317A1 (en) * 2005-02-25 2007-08-23 Herdman Rodrick A Programmable lock with integral change tooling
US20080276675A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Herdman Rodrick A Programmable lock having incidental change control

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2045905A (en) * 1933-12-27 1936-06-30 Futran Simon Locking device for safety purposes
US2739473A (en) * 1954-12-17 1956-03-27 John D Quillen Cylinder lock
US2895323A (en) * 1954-04-05 1959-07-21 Kennedy Ernest Norbert Change key lock
US2970466A (en) * 1959-01-27 1961-02-07 Sonic Dynamics Inc Locks

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2045905A (en) * 1933-12-27 1936-06-30 Futran Simon Locking device for safety purposes
US2895323A (en) * 1954-04-05 1959-07-21 Kennedy Ernest Norbert Change key lock
US2739473A (en) * 1954-12-17 1956-03-27 John D Quillen Cylinder lock
US2970466A (en) * 1959-01-27 1961-02-07 Sonic Dynamics Inc Locks

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3892111A (en) * 1973-01-23 1975-07-01 G A O Ges Fur Automation Variable locking device
DE2517689A1 (de) * 1974-04-25 1975-11-13 Keso Ag Mechanisches schloss
US4030325A (en) * 1974-04-25 1977-06-21 Keso Ag Lock
US4534195A (en) * 1982-02-19 1985-08-13 Gretag Aktiengesellschaft Mechanical lock having a variable key
US4942749A (en) * 1989-06-26 1990-07-24 Jacob Rabinow Interchangeable key lock with rolling tumblers
US5551267A (en) * 1994-04-15 1996-09-03 Briggs & Stratton Corporation Anti-magnetic tampering system for automobile ignition lock
US6776017B2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2004-08-17 Ez Change Lock Company, Llc Adaptable radial tumbler lock
US20030234579A1 (en) * 2002-06-25 2003-12-25 Janssen David C. Vehicle coded ignition lock using a mabnetic sensor
US6958551B2 (en) 2002-06-25 2005-10-25 Strattec Security Corporation Vehicle coded ignition lock using a magnetic sensor
US20040221630A1 (en) * 2003-05-08 2004-11-11 Ez Change Lock Company Rapid-change lock
US7533550B2 (en) 2003-05-08 2009-05-19 Ez Change Lock Company Rapid-change lock
US20070193317A1 (en) * 2005-02-25 2007-08-23 Herdman Rodrick A Programmable lock with integral change tooling
US7905125B2 (en) 2005-02-25 2011-03-15 Janaka Limited Partnership Programmable lock with integral change tooling
US20080276675A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Herdman Rodrick A Programmable lock having incidental change control
US7802455B2 (en) 2007-05-07 2010-09-28 Janaka Limited Partnership Programmable lock having incidental change control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1342946A (en) 1974-01-10
DE2157252A1 (de) 1972-05-25
FR2114851A5 (it) 1972-06-30
CH535363A (de) 1973-03-31
IT943674B (it) 1973-04-10

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