US3812831A - Vacuum advance control system - Google Patents

Vacuum advance control system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3812831A
US3812831A US00302936A US30293672A US3812831A US 3812831 A US3812831 A US 3812831A US 00302936 A US00302936 A US 00302936A US 30293672 A US30293672 A US 30293672A US 3812831 A US3812831 A US 3812831A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
conduit
vacuum
opening
bleeding
advance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00302936A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Scott
F Wheeler
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Stp Corp
Original Assignee
Stp Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stp Corp filed Critical Stp Corp
Priority to US00302936A priority Critical patent/US3812831A/en
Priority to GB2117173A priority patent/GB1383464A/en
Priority to JP48060186A priority patent/JPS529259B2/ja
Priority to DE19732352519 priority patent/DE2352519A1/de
Priority to FR7338831A priority patent/FR2205113A5/fr
Priority to IT53460/73A priority patent/IT996364B/it
Priority to CA184,691A priority patent/CA979761A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3812831A publication Critical patent/US3812831A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/05—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using mechanical means
    • F02P5/10—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using mechanical means dependent on fluid pressure in engine, e.g. combustion-air pressure
    • F02P5/103—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using mechanical means dependent on fluid pressure in engine, e.g. combustion-air pressure dependent on the combustion-air pressure in engine

Definitions

  • the amount of pollutants expelled from an internal combustion engine is lowered by bleeding a predetermined amount of ambient air into the conduit which connects a conventional vacuum advance control system with the intake manifold. This results in a retardation of the vacuum advance that otherwise would be obtained and provides a considerable reduction in oxides of nitrogen, CO and hydrocarbons.
  • the vacuum advance bleed control comprises a conduit inserted into the vacuum advance line of an internal combustion engine, with a characterized bleed hole in the conduit, and filter medium for preventing dirt from entering the bleed hole. Flanges on the conduit hold the filter in position and an annular recess is provided in the conduit over the bleed hole. An orifice-may be provided in the conduit between the bleed hole and the carburetor.
  • the invention relates to a vacuum advance control system to lower the amount of pollutants such as NO CO and hydrocarbons expelled from an internal combustion engine.
  • a vacuum advance mechanism In an internal combustion engine, it is known to control cylinder spark by a vacuum advance mechanism. For example, when an engine is operating under part throttle, (such as in cruise mode) a partial vacuum is created in the intake manifold. This results in a leaner air-fuel mixture being admitted to the cylinder in comparison to an idling condition, thereby lowering the volumetric efficiency of the engine because of a lower compression of the air-fuel mixture. This leaner air-fuel mixture burns more slowly in the cylinder when ignited. Therefore, to realize full power from the engine, the cylinder spark must be advanced in response to the vacuum created in the inlet manifold.
  • a typical vacuum advance mechanism used on conventional contact-point distributors contains a springloaded, air-tight diaphragm connected by a linkage, or lever to a breaker plate in the distributors.
  • the breaker plate is supported on a suitable bearing so that it can turn with respect to the distributor housing.
  • the spring loaded side ofthe diaphragm is connected through a suitable vacuum line or conduit to an opening in the carburetor which, in turn, communicates with the intake manifold.
  • an engine operating under full vacuum control will have two openings in the carburetor which communicate with the vacuum conduit.
  • One outlet is positioned in the venturi of the carburetor with the other outlet being positioned on the atmospheric side of the throttle valve when the throttle is in an idling position. At this idling position, there is little or no vacuum advance on the distributor since there is little flow of air, etc. through the carburetor venturi.
  • the vacuum in the vacuum conduit is lowered (i.e., absolute pressure raised) about 10 percent to 40 percent. This insures that there is no substantial interference in the operating characteristics of the engine but there is still obtained a substantial reduction (i.e., 5 percent to 20 percent) in the total amount of CO, NO, and hydrocarbons expelled in the exhaust.
  • the vacuum in the vacuum conduit can be lowered by bleeding air through the otherwise air tight dia phragm controlling the advance in the distributor or by bleeding air through a suitable predetermined opening in the conduit per se.
  • the vacuum bleed means comprises a second conduit, having at least one predetermined opening therein communicating with the ambient air, positioned in the vacuum conduit connecting the intake manifold through the carburetor to the distributors.
  • the opening is positioned in an annular recess in the conduit.
  • a filter medium is positioned over the opening to prevent dirt particles from obstructing the opening. Flanges retain the filter medium in place over the recess and opening and also prevent the original conduit means from being installed over the bleed orifice itself.
  • an orifice can be provided in the second conduit disposed between the said predetermined opening and the carburetor.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated a conventional, multi-cylinder internal combustion engine 1 equipped with a carburetor 2, a distributor 7 and an air cleaner 3 positioned on top of carburetor 2.
  • Engine 1 is equipped with a conventional, full vacuum advance control system comprising a flexible rubber conduit 6 connecting opening in meter block 4 of carburetor 2 with outlet 12 in diaphragm housing 8.
  • Diaphragm housing 8 encloses an air tight diaphragm 11 which is connected to diaphragm lever 9.
  • Advance mechanism 10 is in turn connected to diaphragm 11 through diaphragm lever 9.
  • the vacuum advance control system is a conventional system wherein diaphragm 11 moves in response to the vacuum created in the intake manifold of the engine. The movement of diaphragm 11 is transmitted through lever 9 to advance the spark advance mechanism 10 thereby advancing the cylinder spark to an earlier portion of the compression cycle.
  • Metering orifice means 13 is positioned in vacuum conduit 6 and allows a predetermined amount of ambient air to enter conduit 6 thereby retarding the vacuum advance that would be otherwise obtained at a given engine speed. This, in turn, substantially lowers the amount of pollutants in the engines exhaust without noticeably interfering with the performance of the engine. Preferably, sufficient ambient air enters orifice means to lower the vacuum (i.e., raise the pressure) about I0 percent to 40 percent.
  • orifice means 13 is a metallicor otherwise rigid conduit 15 positioned in the interior of conduit 6. Suitable ridges (Not shown) may be placed on the extreme ends of conduit 15 to help interconnect conduit IS with vacuum conduit 6. Ambient air enters orifice means 13 through an orifice opening 16 to lower the vacuum in vacuum conduit 6. The amount of air that enters conduit 6 via conduit 15 is a function of the area of the orifice opening or openings 16 in conduit 15. In turn, the total area of the opening 16 is a function of the vacuum advance curve to which the orifice means 13 is applied.
  • the area of the bleed hole depends on the diaphragm design in the spark advance control mechanism. Some diaphragms are designed to advance the spark to maxi mum at l8 inches mercury (Hg), whereas other diaphragms are designed to reach maximum advance at only l0 inches mercury (Hg).
  • the bleed hole size depends on the diaphragm design, i.e., the amount of vacuum required to actuate the diaphragm to advance the spark to full advance. When the diaphragm is designed to reach full advance with 10 inches of mercury, the bleed orifice must be larger than the bleed orifice used when the diaphragm is designed to reach full advance at 18 inches mercury.
  • conduit 15 can vary with one opening being preferred for ease of man'- ufacture and quality control. Further, conduit 15 could be a porous sintered conduit where the total porous area is sufficient to allow the predetermined amount of air to enter conduit 16.
  • filter medium 14 is placed over metallic conduit to prevent dirt etc. from plugging the opening and otherwise interfering with the entry of ambient air to conduit 6.
  • filter medium 14 is foam or sponge rubber, although a suitable paper filter can be used.
  • conduit 15 is provided with a pair of annular raised ribs or flanges 17 spaced on eitherside of opening 16. These flanges serve to hold filter 14 in position and prevent the ends of conduit 6 from sliding and covering opening 16, thereby interfering with the operation of orifice means 13.
  • raised ribs or flanges 17 are provided by a washer or bushing that is concentrically placed on conduit 15 and suitably affixed thereto by friction, welding, or the like.
  • the raised ribs or flanges can be formed or cast or molded integrally with the conduit 15 or by longitudinal compression of conduit 15.
  • opening 16 is positioned in annular recess 18, to provide sufficient free area around opening 16 so that filter media 14 is not in direct contact with the opening. This is necessary because the opening 16 in conduit 18 is usually so small that the material from which filter 14 is manufactured is often of the same relative size as opening 16. Therefore, when opening 16 is positioned in recess 18, filter medium 14 will not interfere with the passage of air to the opening.
  • recess 18 extends around the entire circumference of conduit 15.
  • Orifice 20 is included in conduit to prevent excessive flow of fresh air into the carburetor/intake manifold by creating a pressure drop to prevent excessive leaning of the air-fuel mixture.
  • the orifice wall 21 must be between opening 16 and the carburetor.
  • Means for bleeding air into a vacuum advance line of an internal combustion engine including a distributor with a vacuum diaphragm which comprises:
  • a filter medium positioned over said opening to prevent dirt particles from obstructing the opening
  • said opening positioned in a recess in the wall of said conduit to space the opening apart from the filter medium;
  • flange means positioned on said conduit either side of said filter medium for holding the filter in position over the opening and recess, and preventing the ends of the original vacuum advance line from 6 sliding and covering the opening.
  • Bleeding means as in claim 1 including orifice means in the conduit separate from said opening.
  • Bleeding means as in claim 5 wherein carburetor means is included on the said engine and the orifice means is between said opening and said carburetor means.
  • said vacuum advance control system including the application of a vacuum from the intake manifold to an advance control in the distributor thoough a vacuum conduit wherein the intake manifold pressure controls the cylinder spark timing, improved means for reducing the spark advance timing, positioned in communication with said vacuum conduit, said reducing means bleeding a predetermined amount of ambient air into the vacuum conduit thereby reducing the vacuum imposed on the advance control in the distributor to lower the spark advance and reduce the amount of pollutants in the engine exhaust, said reducing means comprising a second conduit having at least one opening in the wall thereof opening to ambient air positioned in the vacuum conduit, said opening being covered by a filter media for preventing dirt particles from entering the opening, said opening being positioned in a recess in the wall of the second conduit to space the opening from the filter media, and flange means positioned on the second conduit for holding the filter media in position over the recess and opening and preventing the ends of the vacuum conduit from sliding
  • An engine according to claim 8 including an orifice means in said second conduit between said opening and the source of application of the vacuum from the intake manifold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of The Air-Fuel Ratio Of Carburetors (AREA)
US00302936A 1972-11-01 1972-11-01 Vacuum advance control system Expired - Lifetime US3812831A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00302936A US3812831A (en) 1972-11-01 1972-11-01 Vacuum advance control system
GB2117173A GB1383464A (en) 1972-11-01 1973-05-03 Internal combustion engine
JP48060186A JPS529259B2 (it) 1972-11-01 1973-05-29
DE19732352519 DE2352519A1 (de) 1972-11-01 1973-10-19 Einrichtung zum einlassen von luft in eine zur zuendverstellung dienende unterdruckleitung einer verbrennungskraftmaschine
FR7338831A FR2205113A5 (it) 1972-11-01 1973-10-31
IT53460/73A IT996364B (it) 1972-11-01 1973-10-31 Perfezionamento nei dispositivi di comando dell anticipo a depressione
CA184,691A CA979761A (en) 1972-11-01 1973-10-31 Vacuum advance bleed control

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00302936A US3812831A (en) 1972-11-01 1972-11-01 Vacuum advance control system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3812831A true US3812831A (en) 1974-05-28

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ID=23169878

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00302936A Expired - Lifetime US3812831A (en) 1972-11-01 1972-11-01 Vacuum advance control system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3812831A (it)
CA (1) CA979761A (it)
DE (1) DE2352519A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2205113A5 (it)
IT (1) IT996364B (it)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902469A (en) * 1973-11-07 1975-09-02 Stp Corp Vacuum delay valve
US4048966A (en) * 1974-07-29 1977-09-20 Nissan Motor Company Vacuum advance control system
US4099497A (en) * 1974-12-26 1978-07-11 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine having exhaust emission control system
US5261369A (en) * 1990-08-29 1993-11-16 Souriau Diagnostic Electronique S.A. Process and device for determining operating characteristics of a combustion engine with independently fed cylinders

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4564877A (en) * 1982-04-28 1986-01-14 Tdk Corporation Magnetic recording/reproducing system with wide-gapped transducer and method for using same

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2361271A (en) * 1943-07-05 1944-10-24 George M Holley Ignition timing device
US2473805A (en) * 1948-08-31 1949-06-21 Mailory Marion Ignition timing control means for internal-combustion engines
US3157168A (en) * 1961-01-18 1964-11-17 Holley Carburetor Co Spark control valve for ignition distributors
US3234929A (en) * 1964-02-27 1966-02-15 Sarg Frederick Adjustable vacuum control for distributor
US3326197A (en) * 1965-08-12 1967-06-20 James L Elkins Distributor vacuum control
US3606871A (en) * 1970-07-06 1971-09-21 Ford Motor Co Engine spark timing control device
US3712279A (en) * 1970-12-02 1973-01-23 Ford Motor Co Vacuum spark advance cutoff

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2361271A (en) * 1943-07-05 1944-10-24 George M Holley Ignition timing device
US2473805A (en) * 1948-08-31 1949-06-21 Mailory Marion Ignition timing control means for internal-combustion engines
US3157168A (en) * 1961-01-18 1964-11-17 Holley Carburetor Co Spark control valve for ignition distributors
US3234929A (en) * 1964-02-27 1966-02-15 Sarg Frederick Adjustable vacuum control for distributor
US3326197A (en) * 1965-08-12 1967-06-20 James L Elkins Distributor vacuum control
US3606871A (en) * 1970-07-06 1971-09-21 Ford Motor Co Engine spark timing control device
US3712279A (en) * 1970-12-02 1973-01-23 Ford Motor Co Vacuum spark advance cutoff

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902469A (en) * 1973-11-07 1975-09-02 Stp Corp Vacuum delay valve
US4048966A (en) * 1974-07-29 1977-09-20 Nissan Motor Company Vacuum advance control system
US4099497A (en) * 1974-12-26 1978-07-11 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine having exhaust emission control system
US5261369A (en) * 1990-08-29 1993-11-16 Souriau Diagnostic Electronique S.A. Process and device for determining operating characteristics of a combustion engine with independently fed cylinders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2352519A1 (de) 1974-05-09
FR2205113A5 (it) 1974-05-24
IT996364B (it) 1975-12-10
CA979761A (en) 1975-12-16

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