US3859672A - Dry closets - Google Patents

Dry closets Download PDF

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Publication number
US3859672A
US3859672A US397234A US39723473A US3859672A US 3859672 A US3859672 A US 3859672A US 397234 A US397234 A US 397234A US 39723473 A US39723473 A US 39723473A US 3859672 A US3859672 A US 3859672A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bed
closet
urine
shaft
arms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US397234A
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English (en)
Inventor
Torsten Modig
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3859672A publication Critical patent/US3859672A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR, e.g. TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S4/00—Baths, closets, sinks, and spittoons
    • Y10S4/12—Aerobic decomposing toilet

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT There is provided a dry closet of the type with which human waste charged thereto is rendered less obnoxious by biological decomposition processes.
  • the closet has a bed of material capable of biologically decomposing excrements received thereon.
  • Means are provided for stirring the bed to break up the bed so as to ensure sufficient aeration of same and to prevent the accumulation of feces on top of the bed.
  • At least the surface on which the bed rests in the closet is provided Jan. 14, 1975 with means for permitting passage of biologically decomposed matter from the interior of the closet to a withdrawable box arranged therebeneath.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a closet of the type hereinbefore mentioned with which the disadvantages associated with known closets are at least substantially eliminated.
  • a closet having a preferably detachable collecting vessel provided with a body of material capable of biologically decomposing human waste matter, and with which closet openings are disposed on at least a part of the bottom of the collecting vessel.
  • the prime function of the invention is to treat forces and urine to prevent the occurrence of obnoxious smells during the decomposition process, and is characterized in that the closet is provided with means arranged to cause, preferably intermittently, at least part of the body of material to move in at least one direction and preferably immediately human waste enters the closet.
  • the body of material is constantly porous and capable of rapidly absorbing urine, b. that urine and feces are subjected to the effect of suitable bacteria throughout the whole volume of said body, and c. that sufficient oxygen is constantly always supplied.
  • the closet of the present invention may be provided with radially extending paddles or arms journalled for rotation on the walls of the collecting vessel and arranged to move the body of material continuously.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a closet provided with agitating means according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a rear view of the closet shown in FIG. 1.
  • the exemplary closet has an upper surface 10, an elevatable lid 11 connected to the surface 10, side walls 12 and 13 and a bottom portion 14. Extending obliquely downwardly from the underneath of surface is a urine chute 15, the side edges of which diverge outwardly.
  • the lower portion of the urine chute 15 is of U-shape configuration and is perforated, to provide for satisfactory dispersion of urine entering the chute, for a purpose described hereinafter.
  • a sheet metal collecting vessel 16 is conveniently removably suspended from the inner surfaces of the side walls 12 and 13. Although not necessary, the whole of the vessel 16 may be perforated, the essential thing that openings are provided in the bottom of the vessel.
  • the collecting vessel 16 is partly filled with a body 20 of material suitable for biologically decomposing the waste matter charged to the closet; the composition of such material is known per se and does not form part of the invention.
  • the body of material shall have a pH, degree of moistness and nutrient value suitable for the bacterial process.
  • a shaft 17 which is journalled for rotation on the inner surfaces of side walls 12,13.
  • the shaft 17 carries a number of generally radially or radially extending arms 18,19, all of which with the exemplary embodiment are bent slightly in the direction of rotation of the shaft 17 and have the character of turbine blades.
  • the arms 19 are arranged to contact or almost contact at'least the major portion of the wall surfaces of the vessel 16 covered by the body of material 20 during rotation of the shaft 17, while the arms 18 are of shorter length than the arms 19.
  • a horizontally working shutter central device 21 which controls an operable shutter 22, to enable the decomposed matter, called here humus, to be readily discharged into a withdrawable container 28 arranged beneath the shutter 22.
  • the closet of the present invention operates in the following way: when urine is automatically distributed over the whole or over part of the surface of the material body 20 via the chute l5 and feces are supported by said surface, the shaft 17 is actuated and the arms 18,19 begin to rotate, thereby stirring the body of material 20. In addition to be broken up by the arms 18,19 thereby aerating the material body, the newly introduced feces are effectively mixed into said body of material. As will be seen from FIG. 1, the arms 18,19 of the exemplary embodiment effectively work the whole body 20, from top to bottom thereof. No anaerobic conditions can therefore arise, and the whole of the bed takes part in the decomposition process.
  • the exemplary closet is also provided with a vertically extending air passage 23 and horizontally extending air passages 24, 25.
  • the shaft 17 is manually operated by means of a handle 27, although it will be understood that rotation of the shaft 27 may be controlled by simple means, such as an electric relay (not shown) connected to the lid 11. Rotation of the shaft 17 may optimally be controlled to provide for intermittent or continuous agitation of the body 20 when the closet is in use.
  • the shaft 17 may also be arranged for rotation in both directions and the shape of arms 18,19 is not restricted to that shown.
  • the number of arms 18,19 may also be different to that shown and the arms may be made adjustable in different ways.
  • the essential factor is that the body of material 2.0 is caused to move; the direction of movement is immaterial and the means by which such movement is effected may be different the those described and illustrated. here.
  • a closet for the biological decomposition of human waste matter comprising a collecting vessel having its bottom at least partly perforated and containing a bed of material suitable for biologically decomposing such waste matter introduced thereto, and mechanical means within said vessel and projecting into said bed material for moving, at least intermittently, at least part of the bed material for aerating the same and for removing newly introduced waste matter from its point of falling onto the bed and for mixing such matter with said bed material, said mechanical means comprising a horizontal shaft, rotatably journaled to the side walls of said vessel, and a number of arms attached to said shaft and extending in generally radial directions therefrom.
  • a closet according to claim 1 wherein said arms are curved in the axis of rotation of said shaft, and have different lengths.
  • a closet according to claim 1 wherein at least some of said arms are arranged to contact or almost contact portions of the inner walls of the collecting vessel covered by the material bed, upon rotation of the shaft.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
US397234A 1972-08-16 1973-09-14 Dry closets Expired - Lifetime US3859672A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1205172A CH548611A (de) 1972-08-16 1972-08-16 Schaltungsanordnung zur messung von wechselspannungen.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3859672A true US3859672A (en) 1975-01-14

Family

ID=4379384

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US397234A Expired - Lifetime US3859672A (en) 1972-08-16 1973-09-14 Dry closets

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US (1) US3859672A (de)
CH (1) CH548611A (de)
DE (1) DE2244400A1 (de)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921228A (en) * 1973-03-13 1975-11-25 Tommy Mikael Sundberg Decomposition toilet
US3959829A (en) * 1974-02-19 1976-06-01 Ab Gustavsbergs Fabriker Improvements in and relating to dry closets
US4096592A (en) * 1977-01-05 1978-06-27 Alexander Clark Composting toilet
US4196477A (en) * 1978-07-31 1980-04-08 Santerra Industries Ltd. Evaporative toilet
US4240164A (en) * 1977-10-28 1980-12-23 Polypur Forsaljnings Ab Device in a toilet for biological degradation of excrement
US4254515A (en) * 1978-11-21 1981-03-10 Torao Kiyama Compost-type toilet equipment
US4263135A (en) * 1978-09-07 1981-04-21 Yeagley Henry L Continuous agitation rapid oxidation method
US4268925A (en) * 1979-03-22 1981-05-26 W. L. Burke, Inc. Sewage treatment system
US4313234A (en) * 1978-07-31 1982-02-02 Santerra Industries Ltd. Toilet
US4343051A (en) * 1978-11-06 1982-08-10 Inventor Invest Ab Decomposition container, especially a decomposition latrine
EP0061510A1 (de) * 1981-03-28 1982-10-06 Henry L. Yeagley Konverter und Verfahren zur aeroben Verwandlung von organischem Abfall in Kohlendioxide und Wasser
US4499614A (en) * 1978-09-07 1985-02-19 Yeagley Henry L Organic waste bioconverter and method
US4521304A (en) * 1982-05-03 1985-06-04 Biocon, Inc. Apparatus for biodegrading organic waste
US4627116A (en) * 1984-04-18 1986-12-09 Hiroshi Shimizu Compost toilet apparatus
US4663045A (en) * 1978-09-07 1987-05-05 Yeagley Henry L Organic waste bioconverting method
US5088134A (en) * 1986-10-20 1992-02-18 Douglas Ian F Portable non-flushing toilet
US5345620A (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-13 Henric Sundberg Composting toilet
US6138291A (en) * 1999-06-18 2000-10-31 Kot; Joseph F. Toilet waste agitating mechanism
US6260216B1 (en) * 1998-02-05 2001-07-17 Harry Lejgren Composting toilet
RU2182456C1 (ru) * 2001-06-07 2002-05-20 Бадаева Анастасия Олеговна Компостирующий автоматизированный биотуалет
US20090077729A1 (en) * 2007-09-25 2009-03-26 Mcleod Christopher Adam Discontinuous helical auger contained within a heated vessel filled with sawdust for the purpose of high efficiency breakdown of toilet and other organic wastes
US20140090162A1 (en) * 2012-10-02 2014-04-03 Matthew Gunn Portable composting toilet and method of use
US9247852B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2016-02-02 Geoffrey Trott Composting toilet
WO2018136445A1 (en) * 2017-01-17 2018-07-26 Hibbs Marketing Services LLC Waste absorbing formulation with communication capabilities and toilet systems for use thereof
US10294169B2 (en) * 2016-09-15 2019-05-21 Scott E. Smith Composting apparatus
US11857122B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2024-01-02 Coversan, Llc Modular portable toilet with rotary agitator

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3009997A1 (de) * 1980-03-13 1981-10-08 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Aktiver kapazitiver spannungsteiler
US4409540A (en) * 1981-09-28 1983-10-11 Dresser Industries, Inc. Active voltage divider
FR2651889B1 (fr) * 1989-09-08 1991-11-29 Alsthom Gec Reducteur capacitif de tension electronique.
DE10056988A1 (de) * 2000-11-17 2002-05-23 Kg Ritz Messwandler G M B H & Spannungsteileranordnung
IT201700115458A1 (it) * 2017-10-13 2019-04-13 Green Seas Ventures Ltd Sistema costruttivo afferente un sensore di tensione capacitivo
IT201700115489A1 (it) * 2017-10-13 2019-04-13 Green Seas Ventures Ltd Sistema costruttivo afferente un sensore capacitivo di tensione
WO2019073497A1 (en) * 2017-10-13 2019-04-18 Alberto Bauer CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR A CAPACITIVE SENSOR

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3136608A (en) * 1961-08-25 1964-06-09 Lindstrom Rikard Emanuel Arrangement for the aerobic biological transformation of organic waste material
US3683426A (en) * 1969-09-30 1972-08-15 Lagstroem Emil Goeran Disposable bag for use with incinerator-type dry closets
US3756784A (en) * 1969-07-09 1973-09-04 Int Combustion Ltd Apparatus for composting
US3776383A (en) * 1971-04-19 1973-12-04 W Hargraves Sewage treatment venting system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3136608A (en) * 1961-08-25 1964-06-09 Lindstrom Rikard Emanuel Arrangement for the aerobic biological transformation of organic waste material
US3756784A (en) * 1969-07-09 1973-09-04 Int Combustion Ltd Apparatus for composting
US3683426A (en) * 1969-09-30 1972-08-15 Lagstroem Emil Goeran Disposable bag for use with incinerator-type dry closets
US3776383A (en) * 1971-04-19 1973-12-04 W Hargraves Sewage treatment venting system

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921228A (en) * 1973-03-13 1975-11-25 Tommy Mikael Sundberg Decomposition toilet
US3959829A (en) * 1974-02-19 1976-06-01 Ab Gustavsbergs Fabriker Improvements in and relating to dry closets
US4096592A (en) * 1977-01-05 1978-06-27 Alexander Clark Composting toilet
US4240164A (en) * 1977-10-28 1980-12-23 Polypur Forsaljnings Ab Device in a toilet for biological degradation of excrement
US4313234A (en) * 1978-07-31 1982-02-02 Santerra Industries Ltd. Toilet
US4196477A (en) * 1978-07-31 1980-04-08 Santerra Industries Ltd. Evaporative toilet
US4263135A (en) * 1978-09-07 1981-04-21 Yeagley Henry L Continuous agitation rapid oxidation method
US4663045A (en) * 1978-09-07 1987-05-05 Yeagley Henry L Organic waste bioconverting method
US4499614A (en) * 1978-09-07 1985-02-19 Yeagley Henry L Organic waste bioconverter and method
US4343051A (en) * 1978-11-06 1982-08-10 Inventor Invest Ab Decomposition container, especially a decomposition latrine
US4364130A (en) * 1978-11-06 1982-12-21 Inventor Invest Ab Container for decomposable material such as excrement
US4254515A (en) * 1978-11-21 1981-03-10 Torao Kiyama Compost-type toilet equipment
US4268925A (en) * 1979-03-22 1981-05-26 W. L. Burke, Inc. Sewage treatment system
EP0061510A1 (de) * 1981-03-28 1982-10-06 Henry L. Yeagley Konverter und Verfahren zur aeroben Verwandlung von organischem Abfall in Kohlendioxide und Wasser
US4521304A (en) * 1982-05-03 1985-06-04 Biocon, Inc. Apparatus for biodegrading organic waste
US4627116A (en) * 1984-04-18 1986-12-09 Hiroshi Shimizu Compost toilet apparatus
US5088134A (en) * 1986-10-20 1992-02-18 Douglas Ian F Portable non-flushing toilet
US5345620A (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-13 Henric Sundberg Composting toilet
US5501978A (en) * 1993-03-26 1996-03-26 Sundberg; Henric Aeration drum for composting toilet
US6260216B1 (en) * 1998-02-05 2001-07-17 Harry Lejgren Composting toilet
US6138291A (en) * 1999-06-18 2000-10-31 Kot; Joseph F. Toilet waste agitating mechanism
RU2182456C1 (ru) * 2001-06-07 2002-05-20 Бадаева Анастасия Олеговна Компостирующий автоматизированный биотуалет
US20090077729A1 (en) * 2007-09-25 2009-03-26 Mcleod Christopher Adam Discontinuous helical auger contained within a heated vessel filled with sawdust for the purpose of high efficiency breakdown of toilet and other organic wastes
US9247852B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2016-02-02 Geoffrey Trott Composting toilet
US20160235262A1 (en) * 2010-11-22 2016-08-18 EOS Design, LLC Composting Toilet
US9854949B2 (en) * 2010-11-22 2018-01-02 EOS Design, LLC Composting toilet
US20140090162A1 (en) * 2012-10-02 2014-04-03 Matthew Gunn Portable composting toilet and method of use
US10294169B2 (en) * 2016-09-15 2019-05-21 Scott E. Smith Composting apparatus
WO2018136445A1 (en) * 2017-01-17 2018-07-26 Hibbs Marketing Services LLC Waste absorbing formulation with communication capabilities and toilet systems for use thereof
US10264932B2 (en) 2017-01-17 2019-04-23 Hibbs Marketing Services LLC Waste absorbing formulation with communication capabilities and toilet systems for use thereof
US11857122B2 (en) 2020-07-07 2024-01-02 Coversan, Llc Modular portable toilet with rotary agitator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH548611A (de) 1974-04-30
DE2244400A1 (de) 1974-02-28

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