US4592164A - Herbicide applicator - Google Patents

Herbicide applicator Download PDF

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Publication number
US4592164A
US4592164A US06/438,739 US43873982A US4592164A US 4592164 A US4592164 A US 4592164A US 43873982 A US43873982 A US 43873982A US 4592164 A US4592164 A US 4592164A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wicks
container
liquid
frame
nozzle means
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/438,739
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English (en)
Inventor
Patrick J. M. Ballu
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Tecnoma SA
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Tecnoma SA
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Assigned to TECNOMA reassignment TECNOMA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BALLU, PATRICK
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
    • A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
    • A01M21/043—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity by chemicals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for applying chemical agents, such as weed-killers or growth-regulators, to cultivated fields.
  • This device may be hand-held or carried by a tractor, and has a moistening contact action, as distinguished from spraying.
  • One important feature lies in the possibility to use only a small volume of a concentrated chemical agent, so that, for a given acreage to be treated, much less water will be used and a much smaller volume of liquid will need to be transported.
  • This invention relates to a device for applying chemical agents, such as herbicides (i.e. weed-killers) and growth-regulating agents, in a continuous layer, while avoiding the drawbacks of the above-mentioned prior devices.
  • This device may be hand-held or carried by a tractor or some other agricultural implement, and makes it possible to use only a small volume of a concentrated chemical agent so that, for a given acreage to be treated, much less water will be used and a much smaller volume of liquid will need to be transported.
  • the main feature of the device according to this invention is that it comprises a plurality of flat flexible wicks having capillary properties, laying side-by-side so as to form a continuous sheet, one end of which is fastened in a liquid-tight arrangement into a liquid-tight container holding the treating agent, so that these wicks are moistened with this agent through a capillary effect.
  • the length of the wicks is such that, when this container is moved along the ground at a small distance thereof, the elongated portions of the wicks extending out of the container lie upon the vegetation under the effect of gravity, so that these wicks lap against the vegetation and moisten it with the product. This provides for an effective treatment, using only a small amount of product.
  • the number of wicks, their positioning and their dimensions make it possible to adapt the device to the various types of surfaces to be treated.
  • the liquid container is in the form of a tube section, the axis of which is horizontal when the device is being used, and the wicks are laid side-by-side into at least one slot extending lengthwise along a generatrix of this tubular container.
  • the tubular container forms the carrier element of the device and it is provided with lateral fixation lugs for adapting this container to any appropriate carrying structure.
  • the applicator according to this invention is further characterized by the following features:
  • the tubular container may be fed intermittently with pressurized liquid, for instance by means of a pump associated with a mechanical or electro-mechanical metering device, or by means of a metering pump or any other equivalent means.
  • Spray nozzles also fed in the same intermittent way with pressurized liquid, are provided for spraying liquid onto the external portions of the wicks.
  • the intermittent liquid flow is made proportional to the forward movement rate of the device, the pressurized liquid feeder means being driven by a mobile member at a rate proportional to said forward movement rate.
  • the lateral lugs of at least one container may be fastened to a support provided with a shaft or some other form of handle for manual carrying.
  • the device may otherwise be adapted to a tractor by assembling one or several tubular containers with a structure carried by the tractor.
  • the carrier structure comprises a first set of fixed members perpendicular to the axis of said structure, and further sets of swivelling members extending on either side of said axis towards the rear of said structure, said swivelling members being rotatable about a plurality of rotation axes and being biased outwardly by resilient means against which they may fold back in a retracted position alongside the carrier structure whenever they hit an obstacle, and return to their outwardly extended position after clearing the obstacle, through a combination of several mutually controlled pivotal motions.
  • One swivelling lateral member is rotatably linked in the vicinity of its end close to the axis with a connecting rod, the other end of which is pivotally attached to the carrier structure, said connecting rod supporting the swivelling assembly being biased away from the structure by a spring or equivalent means, a rope or cable being provided for linking said other end of the connecting rod with the inward end of the swivelling member being closer to the axis, said rope passing over a pulley mounted on said structure.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrammatic views, respectively in cross-section and elevation, of the device according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show, in axial horizontal cross-section and in cross section along A--A of FIG. 3, one embodiment of the container of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show an axial vertical cross-section and an end view of an embodiment of a container formed of several tubular sections as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4;
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 are diagrammatic views of a manual device, in partial cross-section and in elevation
  • FIG. 10 is a diagrammatic plan view of a tractor-driven device comprising several swivelling elements, one of them on the left side being retracted and another one, on the right side, in the course of moving back;
  • FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 10, showing the swivelling elements in their stretched-out position;
  • FIG. 12 shows a cross-section of the device of FIGS. 10 and 11, taken along A--A of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 13 shows the device of FIG. 1, with an intermittent feed of pressurized liquid
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show modifications of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 16 shows a metering pump for feeding the device of FIGS. 13 to 15;
  • FIG. 17 shows a peristaltic pump for feeding the device of FIGS. 13 or 14;
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 show a mechanical metering device for intermittent liquid feed.
  • the applicator device comprises, as its main characteristic part, flexible flat wicks 1 laying in a row side-by-side, one of their ends 2 being held tightly, in a liquid-tight fashion, in a slot 4 of a container 3 provided for containing the liquid herbicide.
  • the wicks 1 are made of a strong capillary material in the form of a braid or woven fibers. According to a different embodiment, both ends may be folded upon each other and held together in the container 3. The folded-over wick assembly will then have the shape of a two-layer flat wick, one end of which is held in the container and the other one has the shape of a flattened loop. This embodiment reduces fraying of the wick tips.
  • wicks 1 should be flat, flexible, capillary and wear-resistant. Their flexibility allows the free ends to rest upon the ground or upon the vegetation, as shown by FIG. 1, so that when the device is moved along, they brush very lightly upon the weeds, with only a slight friction, depositing upon these the liquid with which they are impregnated through capillarity. Since they are flat and arranged side-by-side (FIG. 2), they form a continuous curtain or sheet spreading continuously over the vegetation, closely following the irregular contour of the ground, without risking to cling to it.
  • the width of the wicks should be rather small, relatively to their length, and their length should be sufficient, taking into account the design height of container 3 above the ground, for the wicks to rest upon the weeds along one third or one half of their length. This extent of flexible contact is indeed a condition for a proper operation of the device of the invention.
  • a length comprised between about 10 and 30 centimeters (4 to 12") for the external part of the wicks will be suitable in most cases.
  • the container 3 will preferably have the shape of a horizontal tube section, with closed ends, and will be provided with a filling mouth 6 which may form an assembling member for supporting the container.
  • This container may also be provided with lateral fixation lugs 5.
  • the wicks 1 are aligned along at least one generatrix of the tube 3 and held tightly in at least one longitudinal slot 4.
  • wicks 1 may be respectively inserted into several parallel slots 4.
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 show a preferred embodiment of the invention in which tubes 3 have open ends 7, 8 provided with means for joining several tube sections end-to-end in liquid-tight manner, as as to form a single container with several assembled sections.
  • This arrangement gives a great flexibility to the device.
  • Plugs 31, 32 are provided for being fitted in an impervious manner to the ends of a tube or of an assembly of several such tubes 3.
  • an internal rod 49 with threaded ends mates with plugs 31, 32 for achieving a liquid-tight fastening of the tubes and plugs, the plugs being provided with tightening means such as a bolt or a hex socket.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to adapt the width of the device to the spacing of the plant rows and is thus a very advantageous feature.
  • Tubes 3, as well as the plugs adaptable to tube ends 7, 8, may be made of a transparent or translucent material for making the liquid level readily visible.
  • tubes 3 will be made of an injection-moulded plastic material, so that fixation lugs, slots for inserting the wicks and junction means can be formed in one single operation.
  • the device of the invention may be designed as a manual apparatus or for being mounted on a tractor.
  • FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 show an embodiment of a manual apparatus.
  • This device comprises a container tube 3 attached through lugs 5 and bolts 9 to a supporting member 10 provided with a shaft 11 or any other prehension means, such as handles, etc . . . .
  • the device may comprise several tube sections, assembled end-to-end.
  • the spacing between two lugs 5 on any tube section will then be twice the spacing from one lug to the adjacent tube end, so that the same support 10 may be used for holding one tube or an assembly of two tubes.
  • a stand may be adapted to each end of tube 3 for helping this tube to be dragged along effortlessly at a correct distance above the ground.
  • FIGS. 10 to 12 show an example of a device designed for being tractor-mounted.
  • This device comprises several assemblies of elements mounted on a supporting structure such as frame 20, each element comprising one or several tubes 3.
  • a first assembly 12 is rigidly mounted across the centerline of frame 20, so as to move in the central zone between two rows of plants 5 to which the weed-killing treatment will be applied.
  • this centerline On either side of this centerline are mounted two swivelling assemblies 13, 14, each one being pivotally mounted about several axes of rotation, so that the treatment may extend all the way up to the plant rows while providing for a quick withdrawal of these assemblies whenever they come up against a plant 15.
  • This withdrawal is achieved by a combination of several mutually controlled rotary motions, while the assembly will be returned to its initial position by resilient means as soon as it will have cleared this plant or stock 15, so that the product may be deposited all over the ground surface.
  • each swivelling assembly 13, 14 comprises a support arm 16 swivelling about an axis 17 located near the inward tip of this arm.
  • a connecting rod 18 To this same axis 17 is attached one end of a connecting rod 18, the other end 19 of which swivels about a trunnion fixed to central frame 20.
  • a spring 21 or an equivalent means continuously pushes the distal end 17 of rod 18 away from the centerline. This spring 21 is guided by a stem 22 and compressed between frame 20 and a stop washer 23 on stem 22.
  • the support arm 16 is further positioned relatively to connecting rod 18 by a rope or cable 24, one end of which is attached to a lug 25 on arm 16, close to the inward tip of said arm, the other end of this rope being attached to a lug 26 on connecting rod 18, while this rope rolls around a pulley 27 mounted on the central frame 20.
  • the initial position of arms 16 is preferably slightly slanting towards the rear of the device relatively to a perpendicular to the centerline of frame 20.
  • this arm pulls rope 24 which in turn pulls the connecting rod 18 towards the central frame 20.
  • This motion brings the pivot 17 closer to the frame 20 so that the arm 16 folds back, with a quick motion, to a position almost parallel to the centerline (as shown by dotted arcuate line 28) while providing for a complete coverage of the ground when the arm 16 is extended outwardly.
  • FIG. 11 shows arms 16 fully extended, as a function of a given spacing between plant rows.
  • FIG. 10 shows, on its left side, a completely retracted arm, and on its right side, the motion of arm 16 when contacting a vine stock 15.
  • FIG. 12 shows how frame 20 may advantageously be provided with a runner 34 resting upon the ground so as to maintain elements 12, 13 and 14 at a predetermined spacing above the ground.
  • the utilization range of the device depends upon the capacity of containers 3. It may be increased by providing the device with a tank 29 for feeding elements 12, 13, 14 through any suitable piping system.
  • the tractor-mounted device shown in these figures is obviously just an example of an embodiment of the invention, which may take different forms or use other means.
  • the spring 21 may be substituted with any other resilient return device, and the swivel arm arrangement may have a different geometry, as long as there are provided several swivelling motions which control each other mutually so that the swivel arms may fold inward in a quick motion.
  • FIGS. 13 to 19 show various means for achieving a rigorous control of liquid flow along the wicks 1. This flow must indeed be very small (from 10 to 30 milliliters per minute), whereas the insertion of wicks 1 into the tubular containers 3 with a plastic overlay makes it difficult to achieve, in industrial production, a closely controlled flow when resorting solely to gravity and capillarity.
  • the invention therefore provides for an intermittent pressurized feed of tubes 3 by means of a pump 47 associated with a distributor 48.
  • FIG. 13 shows how such an intermittent pressurized feed is applied to the tube assembly 13, thus forcing liquid out through slots 4, subsequent flow along wicks 1 taking place through capillarity.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show spray nozzles 46 distributed across the width of a wick 1, with a spacing of about 150 mm, for instance, for an even distribution of liquid, these nozzles being fed by the pump-distributor assembly 47, 48, either directly (FIG. 15) or through the tubular container 3 (FIG. 14).
  • the spray nozzles are mounted on containers 3 so as to spray liquid on the portion of a wick extending outside of the container 3.
  • the flow controlled by the pumping assembly 47, 48 is divided between a flow across slots 4 and a flow through the nozzles 46, the sum of these two flows remaining constant.
  • the flow may be entirely provided by nozzles 46, and tube 3 will then only serve as a support for the wicks.
  • Pump 47 may be of any suitable type and may be driven by a motor of any kind, electric, thermal, pneumatic or hydraulic, or again driven by a power take-off from the tractor or from a wheel of the applicator device or of the tractor.
  • Distributor 48 may consist of a solenoid valve energized with adjustable sequential pulses, or else of a mechanical device such as shown by FIGS. 18 and 19. These devices are known per se and need no detailed description.
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 show a distributor device comprising a rotary disk 45 provided with an arcuate slot 33 forming, at each turn, a communication from feed channel 34 to delivery channel 35 during a predetermined time.
  • Pump 47 and distributor 48 may be combined into a single unit forming a metering pump such as shown by FIGS. 16 and 17.
  • FIG. 16 shows a pump, with a piston 36 driven by the core 37 of a solenoid 38. In its risen position (on the right side of FIG. 16), piston 36 uncovers a slot through which liquid flows from tank 39.
  • a non-return valve 40 is provided downstream of the metering pump.
  • FIG. 17 shows a peristaltic pump comprising a roller 41 rotating along a flexible portion 42 of the liquid feed tube, this flexible portion 42 resting against a shell 43, the roller 41 being carried on a rotary arm 44.
  • the intermittent flow obtained with the above-described means is made proportional to the travel rate of the applicator. This is obtained by a linkage from the wheels of the applicator or of the tractor with the distributor 48 or the metering pump of FIGS. 15 and 16.
  • the solenoid valve 48 is energized through a sequential timer driven by the wheels of the applicator or of the tractor, or else the distributor 48 of FIGS. 18 and 19 is driven in the same fashion.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
US06/438,739 1981-11-04 1982-11-03 Herbicide applicator Expired - Fee Related US4592164A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8120653A FR2515483B1 (fr) 1981-11-04 1981-11-04 Dispositif de traitement de cultures par humectation
FR8120653 1981-11-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4592164A true US4592164A (en) 1986-06-03

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US06/438,739 Expired - Fee Related US4592164A (en) 1981-11-04 1982-11-03 Herbicide applicator

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4592164A (de)
EP (1) EP0078730B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE14064T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3264579D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2515483B1 (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4733497A (en) * 1984-12-21 1988-03-29 George Frikton Applicator for agricultural and horticultural treating liquids
US4813175A (en) * 1987-07-27 1989-03-21 Meyer Thomas A Multi-functional nursery cultivator
US5184685A (en) * 1991-07-10 1993-02-09 Meyer Thomas A Self-contained nursery cultivator
US6434880B1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-08-20 Dubois Growers, Inc. System for applying a chemical to vegetation
US20040209692A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-21 Grips Elektronik G.M.B.H. Player insert for a gaming machine, a gaming system and a method of operating a gaming system
US20070028511A1 (en) * 2003-07-03 2007-02-08 Ibos Pty Ltd Liquid delivery apparatus
US8333333B2 (en) 2005-12-01 2012-12-18 Lynn Embry Apparatus for dust control
WO2019157312A1 (en) * 2018-02-08 2019-08-15 Green no-till, LLC Herbicide application device and method for row crop cultivation

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0124672B1 (de) * 1983-05-04 1986-12-30 Tecnoma Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Pflanzenkulturen durch Benetzen
FR2563970A1 (fr) * 1984-05-10 1985-11-15 Ballogand Charles Appareil pour le desherbage chimique des cultures
DE102019008709A1 (de) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-03 Zasso Group Ag Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Pflanzen mit einem Applikator, Fahrzeug mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung und Verwendung einer derartigen Vorrichtung
CN110479528A (zh) * 2019-07-25 2019-11-22 肥东县爱雯家庭农场 一种林木防虫装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1527669A (en) * 1923-12-10 1925-02-24 Camp Thomas Device for applying poison
US1764952A (en) * 1929-08-30 1930-06-17 Clarence B Hay Insect destroyer
US2223809A (en) * 1939-06-20 1940-12-03 Rucker Harold Mack Bride Apparatus for applying liquid insecticide to plants
US2311782A (en) * 1940-10-23 1943-02-23 Edward H Segars Machine for treating plants
US3002319A (en) * 1956-04-05 1961-10-03 Myron P Laughlin Hand weed destroyer
US3021642A (en) * 1959-10-22 1962-02-20 Bernard E Ewing Lawn mower attachment for distributing liquid
US4377920A (en) * 1981-02-19 1983-03-29 Bowman Manufacturing Co., Inc. Wick applicator for herbicides

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1368123A (en) * 1920-10-19 1921-02-08 Samuel A Donaldson Swingletree
US1896882A (en) * 1931-08-22 1933-02-07 James M Butler Poison spreader
US2551096A (en) * 1947-07-11 1951-05-01 Horace V Wester Applicator for weed-killing liquid
US3077701A (en) * 1960-11-14 1963-02-19 Dean W Osmun Apparatus for applying chemicals
US3184888A (en) * 1963-05-21 1965-05-25 Hal F Fruth Liquid applicator device
US3535822A (en) * 1968-02-27 1970-10-27 Hal F Fruth Applicator
US4291491A (en) * 1979-09-04 1981-09-29 Maddock Mitchell E Liquid herbicide applicator

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1527669A (en) * 1923-12-10 1925-02-24 Camp Thomas Device for applying poison
US1764952A (en) * 1929-08-30 1930-06-17 Clarence B Hay Insect destroyer
US2223809A (en) * 1939-06-20 1940-12-03 Rucker Harold Mack Bride Apparatus for applying liquid insecticide to plants
US2311782A (en) * 1940-10-23 1943-02-23 Edward H Segars Machine for treating plants
US3002319A (en) * 1956-04-05 1961-10-03 Myron P Laughlin Hand weed destroyer
US3021642A (en) * 1959-10-22 1962-02-20 Bernard E Ewing Lawn mower attachment for distributing liquid
US4377920A (en) * 1981-02-19 1983-03-29 Bowman Manufacturing Co., Inc. Wick applicator for herbicides

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4733497A (en) * 1984-12-21 1988-03-29 George Frikton Applicator for agricultural and horticultural treating liquids
US4813175A (en) * 1987-07-27 1989-03-21 Meyer Thomas A Multi-functional nursery cultivator
US5184685A (en) * 1991-07-10 1993-02-09 Meyer Thomas A Self-contained nursery cultivator
US6434880B1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-08-20 Dubois Growers, Inc. System for applying a chemical to vegetation
US6802153B2 (en) * 2001-01-16 2004-10-12 Dubois Growers, Inc. System for applying a chemical vegetation
US20040209692A1 (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-21 Grips Elektronik G.M.B.H. Player insert for a gaming machine, a gaming system and a method of operating a gaming system
US20070028511A1 (en) * 2003-07-03 2007-02-08 Ibos Pty Ltd Liquid delivery apparatus
US8333333B2 (en) 2005-12-01 2012-12-18 Lynn Embry Apparatus for dust control
WO2019157312A1 (en) * 2018-02-08 2019-08-15 Green no-till, LLC Herbicide application device and method for row crop cultivation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2515483A1 (fr) 1983-05-06
FR2515483B1 (fr) 1985-08-16
EP0078730B1 (de) 1985-07-03
EP0078730A1 (de) 1983-05-11
DE3264579D1 (en) 1985-08-08
ATE14064T1 (de) 1985-07-15

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