Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D455/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine
  • C07D455/03—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine
  • C07D455/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing a quinolizine ring system condensed with only one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. julolidine

Definitions

• This invention relates to benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid derivatives. More particularly, it relates to 9-halogeno-5-alkyl-8-(unsubstituted to trisubstituted piperazinyl) benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid derivatives having good absorbability from the digestive tract into the circulating blood and exhibiting long-lasting antibacterial activity.
• typical examples of well-known compounds having a halogen substituent and containing a pyridonecarboxylic acid structure include 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1, 4-dihydro-7-(1-piperazinyl)-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (hereinafter referred to as norfloxacin; Japanese Patent Publication No.
• OPC-7241 it was presented in the lecture given at the Fifth Medicinal Chemistry Symposium (Kyoto; Dec. 9-10, 1984) on the subject of "Structures and Antibacterial Activities of Pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1, 4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid-related Compounds" that its enteral absorbability was almost equal to that of ofloxacin. Accordingly, it may be expected that OPC-7241 involves the same problems as described in connection with ofloxacin.
• the present inventors have discovered that the compounds obtained by converting the oxymethylene group (--O--CH 2 --) in the 1-2 position of ofloxacin or the ethylene group (--CH 2 --CH 2 --) in the 7-6 position of OPC-7241 into a carbonylmethylene group ##STR3## or a vinylene group (--CH ⁇ CH--) exhibit excellent antibacterial activity and, moreover, have better enteral absorbability and a longer duration of action than ofloxacin and OPC-7241.
• the present invention has been completed on the basis of this discovery.
• the benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid derivatives represented by the above general formula [I] also comprehend hydrates thereof, as well as physiologically acceptable salts thereof including, for example, salts formed by reaction with inorganic acids (such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid) or organic acids (such as methane-sulfonic acid), salts formed by reaction with metals (such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium) or organic bases, and hydrates of such salts.
• the present compounds [I] can be prepared by hydrolyzing a benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid ester derivative of the following general formula [II]: ##STR5## wherein A, B and the type of bond between A and B, as well as R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and x R 4 , are as previously defined, and R.sup. 5 is a methyl, ethyl or n-propyl group. This method will hereinafter be referred to as Method 1.
• This hydrolysis is carried out by treating the benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid ester derivative [II] with an acid or alkali in water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, acetic acid or a mixture of two or more such solvents, for a period of time ranging from 30 minutes to 48 hours and preferably from 1 to 24 hours.
• the reaction temperature should be in the range of 30° to 150° C., preferably 60° to 130° C., when an acid is used, and in the range of 0° to 100° C., preferably 0° to 50° C., when an alkali is used.
• Useful acids include, for example, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and the like.
• Useful alkalis include, for example, 0.1 to 5N, preferably 0.5 to 3N, aqueuos solutions of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. Both the acid and the alkali should be used in excess relative to the benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid ester derivative [II].
• the present compounds [I] can also be prepared by the nucleophilic substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid derivative of the following general formula [III]: ##STR6## wherein A, B and the type of bond between A and B, as well as R 4 , and x are as previously defined, and Y is a fluorine or chlorine atom, with a piperazine derivative of the following general formula [IV]: ##STR7## wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as previously defined. This method will hereinafter be referred to as Method 2.
• This nucleophilic substitution reaction is carried out, in the absence of solvent or in the presence of a suitable polar solvent, at a temperature of 0° to 200° C., preferably 30° to 150° C., for a period of time ranging from 1 to 48 hours.
• suitable polar solvents include, for example, water, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, pyridine, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and hexamethylphosphorotriamide, as well as mixtures of two or more such solvents.
• the molar ratio of the reactants should be such that the piperazine derivative [IV] is used in an amount of 1 to 8 moles, preferably 2 to 5 moles, per mole of the carboxylic acid derivative [III].
• the present compounds [I] prepared in the above-described manner may be converted into hydrates according to conventional procedure, or converted into inorganic or organic acid salts, metallic or organic base salts, or hydrates of such salts according to conventional procedure, for example, by reaction with such acids as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and methanesulfonic acid or such alkalis as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
• Step a the compounds of the following general formula [V]: ##STR8## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and X are as previously defined, can be prepared by the nucleophilic substitution reaction of a compound of the following general formula [VI]: ##STR9## wherein R 4 , R 5 , X and Y are as previously defined, with the aforesaid piperazine derivative [IV] (hereinafter referred to as Step a).
• This nucleophilic substitution reaction is carried out, in the absence of solvent or in the presence of a suitable reaction solvent, at a temperature of 0° to 200° C., preferably 0° to 100° C., for a period of time ranging from 1 to 48 hours.
• Suitable reaction solvents are the solvents capable of dissolving the resulting compound [V] and include, for example, benzene, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and hexamethylphosphorotriamide, as well as mixtures of two or more such solvents.
• the molar ratio of the reactants should be such that the piperazine derivative [IV] is used in an amount of 1 to 8 moles, preferably 2 to 5 moles, per mole of the compound [VI].
• Step b the compounds in which A and B unite together to form a vinylene group, and A and B are linked by a double bond, i.e. the compounds of the following general formula [VII]: ##STR10## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and X are as previously defined, can be prepared by selectively reducing the compound [V] obtained by the aforesaid Step a to a compound of the following general formula [VIII]: ##STR11## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and X are as previously defined, (hereinafter referred to as Step b) and then subjecting this compound to intramolecular dehydration (hereinafter referred to as Step c).
• the selective reduction in Step b is carried out by reacting the compound [V] with sodium borohydride in water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol or a mixture of two or more such solvents.
• the reaction temperature may suitably be in the range of 0° to 50° C., and the reaction time may suitably be in the range of 1 to 10 hours.
• Sodium borohydride is used in an amount of 0.25 to 4 moles per mole of the compound [V].
• the intramolecular dehydration in Step c is carried out by reacting the compound [VIII] with a dehydrating agent, in the absence of solvent or in the presence of a suitable reaction solvent, at a temperature of 0° to 100° C. for a period of time ranging from 1 to 48 hours.
• a dehydrating agent include, for example, such acids as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, polyphosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid ester, acetic acid, toluenesulfonic acid and the like. Among them, polyphosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid ester are preferred.
• Suitable reaction solvents include, for example, water, benzene, chloroform, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and isopropanol.
• the dehydrating agent is used in excess relative to the compound [VIII].
• the compounds in which A is a methylene group, B is a carbonyl group, and A and B are linked by a single bond i.e. the compounds of the following general formula [X]: ##STR13## wherein R 4 , X and Y are as previously defined, can be prepared by hydrolyzing the aforesaid compound [VI] (hereinafter referred to as Step d).
• This hydrolysis is carried out by treating the compound [VI] with an excess of a mineral acid (such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid) in water, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, acetic acid or a mixture of two or more such solvents, for a period of time ranging from 30 minutes to 48 hours and preferably from 1 to 5 hours.
• a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid
• the reaction temperature should be in the range of 30° to 150° C. and preferably 60° to 130° C.
• the compounds in which A and B unite together to form a vinylene group, and A and B are linked by a double bond i.e. the compounds of the following general formula [XI]: ##STR14## wherein R 4 , X and Y are as previously defined, can be prepared by selectively reducing the compound [X] obtained by the aforesaid Step d to a compound of the following general formula [XII]: ##STR15## wherein R 4 , X and Y are as previously defined, (hereinafter referred to as Step e) and then subjecting this compound to intramolecular dehydration (hereinafter referred to as Step f).
• the selective reduction in Step e and the intramolecular dehydration in Step f may be carried out under the same conditions as described above for the selective reduction in Step b and the intramolecular dehydration in Step c.
• the compound [VI] used as one of the starting materials in Step a or Step d can be prepared by reacting an aniline derivative of the following general formula [XIII]: ##STR16## wherein X and Y are as previously defined, with a ⁇ -lactone derivative of the following general formula [XIV]: ##STR17## wherein R 4 is as previously defined, to form a compound of the following general formula [XV]: ##STR18## wherein R 4 , X and Y are as previously defined, (hereinafter referred to as Step g); cyclocondensing the compound [XV] to form a compound of the following general formula [XVI]: ##STR19## wherein R 4 , X and Y are as previously defined, (hereinafter referred to as Step h); reacting the compound [XVI] with a malonic ester derivative of the following general formula [XVII]: ##STR20## wherein R 5 is as previously defined and R 6 is a methyl or ethyl group
• the reaction in Step g is carried out, in the absence of solvent or in the presence of water, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, acetic acid, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide, at a temperature of 70° to 130° C. for a period of time ranging from 30 minutes to 5 hours.
• the molar ratio of the reactants should be such that the ⁇ -lactone derivative [XIV] is used in an amount of 1 to 1.5 moles per mole of the aniline derivative [XIII].
• the reaction in Step j is carried out, in the absence of solvent or in the presence of benzene, toluene,n-butanol, N,N-dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide, at a temperature of 150° to 250° C. for a period of time ranging from 30 minutes to 5 hours.
• the molar ratio of the reactants should be such that the malonic ester derivative [XVII] is used in an amount of 1 to 3 moles per mole of the compound [XVI].
• the cyclocondensation reactions in Step h and Step k are carried out at a temperature of 50° to 200° C. by using polyphosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid ester or sulfuric acid as a condensing agent.
• the condensing agent is used in an amount equaling 2 to 50 times the weight of the compound [XV] in Step h or the compound [XVIII] in Step k.
• the reaction time may suitably range from 1 to 48 hours in Step h and from 10 minutes to 24 hours in Step k.
• the in vitro antibacterial activities of typical examples of the present compounds [I] were evaluated in terms of the minimal inhibitory concentration defined as the lowest concentration of the compound preventing the bacterial growth.
• the Gram-positive bacteria used as test microorganisms included Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecalis, and the Gram-negative bacteria used as test microorganisms included Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and Salmonella enteritidis.
• the minimal inhibitory concentration (cultured at 37° C.
• test results thus obtained are shown in Table 1.
• the in vitro antibacterial activities of ofloxacin, OPC-7241 and compound ⁇ were evaluated according to the same method as described above and the test results thus obtained are also shown in Table 1.
• mice Using male ICR mice fasted overnight (weighing 20 ⁇ 1 g), the enteral absorbability of some typical examples of the present compounds [I] was tested. This test was carried out by administering 50 mg/kg of each test compound orally to mice and determining its serum concentration 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours and 4 hours after administration. Five mice were used for each test point. At each test point, whole blood was collected from the mice by cardiac puncture and used to prepare serum samples. Concentrations of the test compounds in serum samples were determined by the paper disc method using Escherichia coli CI-304 as the test microorganism.
• mice Using male ddY strain mice infected with Escherichia coli CI-304 (in groups of five; weighing 20 ⁇ 1 g), the therapeutic effect of some typical examples of the present compounds [I] was tested. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by administering each test compound orally to infected mice and calculating ED 50 from the number of mice surviving after the lapse of 7 days. Infected mice were prepared by suspending cells of the aforesaid Escherichia coli strain in a 5% mucin solution and injecting this suspension into the peritoneal cavity of mice. The dose of the bacterial cells was ten times the minimal lethal dose which had previously been determined by a preliminary test. One hour after inoculation of the bacterial cells, each test compound was administered orally to the mice.
• Step a The following ten compounds were prepared in substantially the same manner as described above, except that the aforesaid Step a was carried out using the corresponding materials (on the same molar basis as described above) and the reaction conditions (such as reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction solvent, etc.) were suitably modified. These compounds were obtained in the form of yellow crystals or oily matter and their yields were in the range of 58.3 to 86.1%.
• Step a was carried out using the corresponding materials (on the same molar basis as described above) and the reaction conditions (such as reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction solvent, etc.) were suitably modified. Both of these compounds had a yellow crystalline aspect and their yields were 71.5% and 66.4%, respectively.
• the following compound was prepared in substantially the same manner as described above, except that each of the aforesaid steps was carried out using the corresponding materials (on the same molar basis as described above) and the reaction conditions (such as reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction solvent, etc.) were suitably modified.
• This compound had a pale-yellow solid aspect.
• Step d was carried out using the corresponding material [VI] (on the same molar basis as described above) and the reaction conditions (such as reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction solvent, etc.) were suitably modified.
• This compound had a pale-yellow crystalline aspect and its yield was 65.5%.
• the following compound was prepared in substantially the same manner as described above, except that each of the aforesaid steps was carried out using the corresponding materials (on the same molar basis as described above) and the reaction conditions (such as reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction solvent, etc.) were suitably modified.
• This compound had a pale-yellow crystalline aspect.
• Example 32 The following compound of Example 32 was prepared in substantially the same manner as described in Example 31 above, except that 3.99 g (0.01 mole) of 9-fluoro-5-ethyl-8-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-1-oxo-1H, 5H-benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester was used.
• Example 34 The following compound of Example 34 was prepared in substantially the same manner as described in Example 33 above, except that 8-chloro-9-fluoro-5-ethyl-1-oxo-1H,5H-benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid (0.015 mole) and N-isopropylpiperazine (0.06 mole) were replaced by 8-chloro-9-fluoro-5-methyl-1-oxo-1H,5H-benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid (0.015 mole) and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine (0.06 mole), respectively.
• Example 36 The following compound of Example 36 was prepared in substantially the same manner as described in Example 35 above, except 1.94 g (0.005 mole) of 9-fluoro-5-ethyl-8-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-6,7-dihydro-1,7-dioxo-1H, 5H-benzo[ij]quinolizine-2-carboxylic acid was used.

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• 1986
  • 1986-05-15 CA CA000509221A patent/CA1253154A/en not_active Expired
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