US4843203A - Taper cutting control method and control system in wire-cut electric discharge machine - Google Patents

Taper cutting control method and control system in wire-cut electric discharge machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US4843203A
US4843203A US07/208,859 US20885988A US4843203A US 4843203 A US4843203 A US 4843203A US 20885988 A US20885988 A US 20885988A US 4843203 A US4843203 A US 4843203A
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workpiece
lower guides
movement
machining
wire
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Expired - Fee Related
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US07/208,859
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English (en)
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Gotaro Gamo
Mitsuo Kinoshita
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Fanuc Corp
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Fanuc Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
    • B23H7/06—Control of the travel curve of the relative movement between electrode and workpiece
    • B23H7/065—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a taper cutting control method and system in a wire-cut electric discharge machine. More particularly, the invention relates to a taper cutting control method and system in a wire-cut electric discharge machine which enables the cutting speed at a predetermined taper-cut surface (a surface which is taper-cut by the electric machining of a workpiece through the intervention of a wire electrode) to be brought into coincidence with a commanded speed, and which, in the taper cutting operation, allows the movement of the upper and lower guides for guiding the wire electrode to be started simultaneously and ended simultaneously.
  • a predetermined taper-cut surface a surface which is taper-cut by the electric machining of a workpiece through the intervention of a wire electrode
  • a wire-cut electric discharge machine has a wire stretched between an upper guide and a lower guide and machines a workpiece by producing an electrical discharge between the wire and the workpiece.
  • the workpiece fixed on a table, is transported in X and Y directions along a machining contour in response to commands from a numerical control device.
  • FIG. 1 which illustrates a well-known wire-cut electric discharge machine
  • a wire WR is taken up by a reel RL 2 and supplied with a voltage by a contacting electrode, not shown, while being payed out by a reel RL 1 and tensioned between the lower guide DG and upper guide UG.
  • An electrical discharge is produced between the wire WR and the workpiece WK to cut the workpiece.
  • the workpiece WK since it is fixed on an X-Y table TB which is transported in the X and Y directions by motors MX, MY, can be cut into any profile by moving the table in the X and Y directions.
  • the arrangement is such that the upper guide UG is mounted on a moving mechanism that is transported in the X and Y directions by motors MU, MV, so that the upper guide UG also can be transported in the X and Y directions.
  • the above-mentioned moving mechanism, reels RL 1 , RL 2 and lower guide DG are mounted on a column CM.
  • a numerical control device NC reads the contents of a command tape TP, executes distribution processing along each axis by means of distributing circuits DS in accordance with the commands, and drives motors MX, MY, MU, MV for each axis by means of driver circuits SVX, SVY, SVU, SVV corresponding to the respective axes to actuate the table TB and moving mechanism along a plane parallel to an X-Y plane to cut the workpiece WK into the desired profile.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece are machined into profiles which are identical when the stretched wire is held normal to the table TB (workpiece WK).
  • the above-mentioned moving mechanism displaces the upper guide UG in the X and Y directions (referred to as the U- and V- axes) to incline the wire WR with respect to the workpiece WK such as by displacing the upper guide in a direction at right angles to the direction of workpiece movement, then the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece WK will not be machined to the same profile. Instead, the surface machined by the wire will be inclined. This is so-called taper cutting.
  • FIG. 2 is an illustrative view of such taper cutting, in which a wire WR is stretched between an upper guide UG and a lower guide DG at a predetermined angle of inclination with respect to a workpiece WK.
  • the lower surface PL of the workpiece WK as the commanded program profile (the upper surface QU of the workpiece WK may also serve as a programmed profile)
  • ⁇ denote the taper angle
  • H the vertical distance between a plane in which the upper guide UG is movable and a plane in which the lower guide DG is movable
  • h the vertical distance between the plane in which the lower guide DG is movable and and the lower surface of the workpiece WK
  • the offset d 1 of the lower guide DG and the offset d 2 of the upper guide UG with respect to the lower surface PL of the workpiece may be expressed: ##EQU1## Note that d is the width of the cut.
  • taper cutting at the taper angle ⁇ can be carried out, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the dashed line and one-dot chain line in the FIG. 3 indicate the paths of the upper and lower guides UG, DG, respectively.
  • Designated in FIG. 10 at TUG is the path of movement of the upper guide, and TDG the path of movement of the lower guide.
  • cutting is performed in accordance with commands generally relating to programmed path data for the upper or lower surface of the workpiece (such as data for identifying end point coordinates, straight lines and circles), feed speed on the programmed path, taper angle, the distances H, h, etc. These commands are applied from a numerical control system to the wire-cut electric discharge machine.
  • X-axis feed pulses and Y-axis feed pulses issued from the X- and Y-axis pulse distributors are applied to X- and Y-axis servomotors, respectively, to drive a main cross table which supports the workpiece thereon.
  • the products of the X- and Y-axis feed pulses and the ratio of the amount of feed TM by the main cross table to the amount of feed TS by the subsidiary cross table which moves one end of the wire electrode in x-y directions are used as feed pulses along x and y axes. Therefore, for linear interpolation, upper and lower machining lines on the workpiece are parallel as viewed in the direction of the z-axis.
  • upper and lower arcuate machining lines on the workpiece as viewed in the direction of the Z-axis must be concentric, and their angles of arc must be identical to each other.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a taper cutting control method and system in a wire-cut electric discharge machine which enable the cutting speed at a taper-cut surface to be brought into agreement with a commanded speed, and which allows the movement of the upper and lower guides to be started simultaneously and ended simultaneously, through a simple method and by means of a simple construction.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a taper cutting control method and system in a wire-cut electric discharge machine in which it is possible to achieve a highly accurate taper cutting operation in a simple manner.
  • distances of movement of the upper and lower guides and a machining distance on a predetermined plane of the workpiece are computed from the machining command, and the speeds at which the upper and lower guides should be moved to move the workpiece and the wire with respect to each other at the commanded speeds are found on the basis of the distances and commanded speeds of the workpiece and wire. This allows the workpiece and the wire to be moved at the commanded speeds and permits the movement of the upper and lower guides to be started and stopped simultaneously, making it possible to achieve highly accurate taper cutting.
  • the present invention provides a method and system for taper cutting such that a twisted tapered surface may be obtained on the workpiece, i.e., the two machining lines on the workpiece are not parallel.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified illustrative view for describing a wire-cut electric discharge machine to which the present invention can be applied.
  • FIG. 2 is an illustrative view for describing taper cutting, which is the subject to which the present invention appertains;
  • FIGS. 3 and 10 are illustrative views for describing examples of taper cutting
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are perspective views showing tapered shapes to which the present invention appertains
  • FIG. 6 is an illustrative view for describing a cutting control method embodying the present invention, which method is for the purpose of cutting the tapered shape of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram embodying the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 provides a simplified illustrative view of a wire-cut electric discharge machine in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing examples of machined paths possible by the present invention on a machined workpiece as viewed from the direction of the Z-axis.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are perspective views of tapered shapes to which the present invention appertains. Both of the Figures show the distances (referred to as machining distances) from the cutting starting points to the cutting end points on the upper guide path, lower guide path and on the cut surface, these distances being different from one another.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing linear machining
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing circular machining.
  • WK represents a workpiece
  • UGP the path of the upper guide UG
  • DGP the path of the lower guide DG
  • PLP the programmed profile of the lower surface of the workpiece WK.
  • the illustrated tapered shape has a taper angle a 1 at the cutting starting position, and a taper angle a 2 at the cutting end position, a 1 and a 2 differing from each other.
  • a tapered surface TP whose taper angle varies gradually from a 1 to a 2 in continuous fashion is cut by continuously controlling the movement of the upper guide UG in accordance with the progress of the cutting work.
  • the distance Lu of movement of the upper guide path UGP, the distance Ld of movement of the lower guide path DGP, and the machining distance Lw of the programmed path differ from each other.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a tapered shape in which the programmed path is an arc, and the angle b 1 of arc of the upper guide path UGP and the angle b 2 of arc of the lower guide path DGP differ from each other. Also different from one another are the distance Lu of movement of the path UGP of the upper guide UG, the distance Ld of movement of the path DGP of the lower guide DG, and the machining distance Lw of the programmed path.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of each of the paths and is useful in describing the present invention for a case where the tapered angle shown in FIG. 5 is to be cut. Portions which are the same as those shown in FIG. 5 are designated by like reference characters and are not described in detail.
  • the arc AwBw is the workpiece surface (programmed path PLP).
  • the feed speed Fw along the arc AwBw enters as a command from a separately provided paper tape or the like.
  • the arc AuBu is the path UGP of the upper guide UG
  • the arc AdBd is the path DGP of the lower guide DG.
  • Aw and Bw are points predetermined during the design of the workpiece to be machined and are stored in the numerical control unit.
  • the inclination angle a (see FIG. 2) is also predetermined.
  • the heights Au and Ad are also predetermined by the positions of the upper and lower guides. Using a transformation by the angle a, it is possible to determine the coordinates of Bu and Bd.
  • the movement of the upper guide UG and lower guide DG may be started simultaneously and ended simultaneously by providing independent circular interpolators for moving the upper and lower guides, computing the distances Lw, Lu, Ld from the programmed shape data, then computing the feed speeds of the upper and lower guides UG, DG from equations (4) and (5), and finally executing an interpolation from point Au to point Bu by the circular interpolator for the upper guide, and simultaneously from point Ad to point Bd by the circular interpolator for the lower guide, in such a manner that the feed speeds are attained, the upper and lower guides UG, DG being moved by the interpolation pulses.
  • FIG. 9 shows machined paths on a machined workpiece as viewed in the direction of the Z-axis.
  • the machined path on the upper surface of the workpiece is represented by A-B-C-D, whereas the machined path on the lower surface of the workpiece is indicated by P-Q-R-S.
  • the machined paths AB, PQ, CD, and QS are not parallel to each other as viewed in the direction of the Z-axis, providing twisted taper surfaces TP1 and TP2.
  • the arcuate machined paths BC, QR have different lengths of arcs, and hence their angles of arc are different from each other.
  • the wire electrode starts moving from the points A and P simultaneously and reaches the points B and Q simultaneously. Then, the wire electrode starts moving along arcs toward the points C and R and reaches these points C and R simultaneously. The wire electrode thereafter moves toward the points D and S and arrives at these points D and S simultaneously, whereupon the electric discharging machining is completed.
  • workpieces can be machined to such complex configurations, which could not be achieved by the apparatus and method disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,355,223.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
  • PTP denotes a paper tape in which are punched programmed path data (end point coordinates and circle radius), feed speed Fw, taper angle a, the distance H between the upper guide UG and lower guide DG, the vertical distance h between the lower surface of the workpiece WK and the lower guide DG, and the like.
  • OPCT represents an arithmetic and control circuit for performing the following arithmetic and control operations (1) through (5):
  • offset quantities are computed by performing the operations specified by Eqs. (1) and (2).
  • Positional information (end point coordinates, circle radius etc.) concerning the paths of the upper and lower guides UG, DG is found from the offset quantities and from the programmed path data (end point, circle radius etc.).
  • the arithmetic and control circuit OPCT may be an arithmetic circuit and pulse generating circuit.
  • UFO, DFO represent feed speed arithmetic circuits for the upper and lower guides, respectively.
  • Both circuits are arranged as linear interpolators of DDA-type (digital differential analyzer), and include respective registers RGU, RGD in which Lu/Lw and Ld/Lw, computed by the arithmetic and control circuit OPCT, are set or loaded, respectively, as well as accumulators ACU, ACD, and adders ADU, ADD.
  • the adder ADU adds the contents of register RGU and the contents of accumulator ACU each time a pulse Pw of speed Fw is generated, and stores the result of the addition operation in the accumulator ACU.
  • the adder ADD adds the contents of register RGD and the content of accumulator ACD each time the pulse Pw of speed FW is generated, and sets the result of the addition operation in the accumulator ACD. If we assume that the accumulators have n-number of bits (a capacity of 2 n ), then the accumulators ACU, ACD generate the respective pulse trains Pu, Pd whose frequencies are given by: ##EQU4## respectively. Accordingly, if 2 n .Lu/Lw, 2 n .Ld/Lw are set in the respective registers RGU, RGD instead of Lu/Lw, Ld/Lw, then the generated pulse trains Pu, Pd will have the frequencies Fu, Fd expressed by Eqs.
  • UINT, DINT represent circular interpolators for the upper and lower guides, respectively. These may, for example, be arranged as well-known DDA-type circular interpolators. They are adapted to generate circular interpolation pulses UP, VP, XP, and YP.
  • DVU, DVV, DVX, DVY represent servo control circuits for the upper guide (U-axis, V-axis) and for the lower guide (X-axis, Y-axis), respectively.
  • MU, MV, MX, MY are servo motors for each of these axes.
  • the arithmetic and control circuit OPCT executes the abovementioned operations (1) through (4), sets 2 n .Lu/Lw, 2 n .Ld/Lw in the respective registers RGU, RGD, and generates the pulse train Pw of frequency Fw on line LN.
  • the feed speed arithmetic circuits UFO, DFO for the upper and lower guides supply the interpolators UINT, DINT with pulse trains Pu, Pd of frequencies Fu, Fd, respectively.
  • the interpolator UINT for the upper guide executes interpolation along the arc AuBu (FIG. 6), for example and the interpolator DINT for the lower guide simultaneously executes interpolation along the arc AdBd (FIG. 6), for example each time the respective pulses Pu, Pd are generated.
  • the interpolation pulses UP, VP, XP, YP generated by the interpolation operation are applied to the respective servo control circuit SVU, SVV, SVX, SVY.
  • the servo control circuits upon receiving these pulses, execute a well-known servo control operation to rotate the respective servo motors MU, MV, MX, MY, thereby moving the upper and lower guides as illustrated by the wire-cut electric discharge machine of FIG. 8.
  • the upper and lower guides are moved along the arcs AuBu, AdBd for example, and reach the arc end points Bu, Bd simultaneously where they are brought to a stop, also simultaneously.
  • the workpiece is fixed, while the upper and lower guides are moved by four-axis control.
  • the present invention is not limited to a case where the workpiece is fixed, however, and can be applied to a situation where the movement of the upper guide and workpiece are controlled along four axes simultaneously.
  • a computerized numerical control device which incorporates a well-known microcomputer, the operations of the feed speed arithmetic circuits UFO, DFO, interpolators UINT, DINT and arithmetic and control circuit OPCT, shown in FIG. 7, can be executed under the control of a program.
  • the cutting speed at a cut surface can be brought into agreement with a commanded speed, and the movement of the upper and lower guides can be started simultaneously and halted simultaneously, through a simple method. It is therefore possible to enhance the performance of the electric discharge machine and to perform cutting at a high level of accuracy.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
US07/208,859 1980-10-08 1988-06-14 Taper cutting control method and control system in wire-cut electric discharge machine Expired - Fee Related US4843203A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP55141062A JPS5766824A (en) 1980-10-08 1980-10-08 Tapered processing method in wire cutting discharge processing machine
JP55-141062 1980-10-08

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US (1) US4843203A (de)
EP (1) EP0062074B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5766824A (de)
DE (1) DE3176199D1 (de)
WO (1) WO1982001148A1 (de)

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US5014421A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-05-14 Ingersoll-Rand Company Contoured blade edge cutting method
US5030819A (en) * 1988-03-29 1991-07-09 Claudio Borsari Method and device for numerical control for electroerosion machine
US5043551A (en) * 1989-03-23 1991-08-27 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Wire cut-type electric discharging method
US5072088A (en) * 1988-10-27 1991-12-10 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Wire cut electric discharge machining method
US5200906A (en) * 1990-11-21 1993-04-06 Hitachi Seiko Ltd. Wire-cut electric discharge machining method
US5438178A (en) * 1992-07-06 1995-08-01 Ag Fur Industrielle Elektronik Method of precision electric-discharge machining employing electrodes in the form of wires, and apparatus for carrying out the method
US6278076B1 (en) * 1997-12-11 2001-08-21 Sodick Co., Ltd. Wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus and control method therefor
EP0920945A3 (de) * 1997-12-03 2002-11-27 Fanuc Ltd Vorrichtung zur Steuerung von Drahtfunkenerosionsprozessen mit Konusbearbeitungskorrekturfähigkeit
US6627835B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2003-09-30 Purdue Research Foundation Three dimensional object fabrication techniques
US20040084419A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-05-06 Fanuc Ltd. Wire electric discharge machine
US20110126989A1 (en) * 2007-12-28 2011-06-02 Hassan Mohamed Farah Method for Reworking Adhesively Bonded Liquid Crystal Displays
RU2423208C1 (ru) * 2009-11-06 2011-07-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ульяновский государственный технический университет" Способ электроэрозионной обработки изделий проволочным электродом-инструментом
RU2423209C1 (ru) * 2009-11-06 2011-07-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ульяновский государственный технический университет" Способ электроэрозионной обработки изделий проволочным электродом-инструментом
US20110174445A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2011-07-21 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Semi-automated reworkability equipment for de-bonding a display
US20110180218A1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2011-07-28 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Semi-automated reworkability process for de-bonding a display
RU2467841C1 (ru) * 2011-05-20 2012-11-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ульяновский государственный технический университет" Способ электроэрозионной обработки изделий проволочным электродом-инструментом
RU2467842C1 (ru) * 2011-05-20 2012-11-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ульяновский государственный технический университет" Способ электроэрозионной обработки изделий проволочным электродом-инструментом
US20150266161A1 (en) * 2014-03-19 2015-09-24 Sugino Machine Limited Method and apparatus for water jet cutting
US20150367437A1 (en) * 2014-06-23 2015-12-24 Fanuc Corporation Wire electric discharge machine provided with disconnection repairing unit
US20160059369A1 (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-03 Agie Charmilles Sa Handling device for wire electric discharge machines
US9381587B2 (en) * 2013-04-15 2016-07-05 Fanuc Corporation Wire electric discharge machine which performs taper cutting
US20180214962A1 (en) * 2017-01-31 2018-08-02 Fanuc Corporation Wire electrical discharge machine

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US4605886A (en) * 1983-09-02 1986-08-12 Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated Feed-deviation preventive path-controlled machining method and apparatus
JPS6062419A (ja) * 1983-09-12 1985-04-10 Japax Inc 全自動ワイヤカツト放電加工装置
GB8400177D0 (en) * 1984-01-05 1984-02-08 Bowthorpe Hellermann Ltd Marking machine
JPS60155322A (ja) * 1984-01-17 1985-08-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp ワイヤカツト放電加工方法
DE3524377A1 (de) * 1985-07-08 1987-01-15 Agie Ag Ind Elektronik Elektroerosions-schneidmaschine in c-gestell-bauweise
US4900890A (en) * 1987-09-07 1990-02-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electric discharge machining method and apparatus for machining a microshaft

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US3731044A (en) * 1971-06-23 1973-05-01 Agie Ag Ind Elektronik Electro-eroding machine with a circuit for the control of at least one advancing device for a wire electrode and/or for a workpiece
US3731045A (en) * 1971-07-01 1973-05-01 Agie Ag Ind Elektronik Circuit for an electro-eroding machine for the control of the relative movement between at least one electrode and at least one workpiece
US3946189A (en) * 1971-11-09 1976-03-23 Ing. C. Olivetti & C., S.P.A. Electroerosion apparatus having a cyclically movable and variably inclined wire electrode
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JPS5577424A (en) * 1978-12-01 1980-06-11 Fanuc Ltd Numerical control system
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JPS5639833A (en) * 1979-09-06 1981-04-15 Fanuc Ltd Wire cut electric discharge machining method

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5030819A (en) * 1988-03-29 1991-07-09 Claudio Borsari Method and device for numerical control for electroerosion machine
US5072088A (en) * 1988-10-27 1991-12-10 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Wire cut electric discharge machining method
US5043551A (en) * 1989-03-23 1991-08-27 Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Wire cut-type electric discharging method
US5014421A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-05-14 Ingersoll-Rand Company Contoured blade edge cutting method
US5200906A (en) * 1990-11-21 1993-04-06 Hitachi Seiko Ltd. Wire-cut electric discharge machining method
US5438178A (en) * 1992-07-06 1995-08-01 Ag Fur Industrielle Elektronik Method of precision electric-discharge machining employing electrodes in the form of wires, and apparatus for carrying out the method
EP0920945A3 (de) * 1997-12-03 2002-11-27 Fanuc Ltd Vorrichtung zur Steuerung von Drahtfunkenerosionsprozessen mit Konusbearbeitungskorrekturfähigkeit
US6278076B1 (en) * 1997-12-11 2001-08-21 Sodick Co., Ltd. Wire cut electric discharge machining apparatus and control method therefor
US6627835B1 (en) * 2000-02-02 2003-09-30 Purdue Research Foundation Three dimensional object fabrication techniques
US20040084419A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-05-06 Fanuc Ltd. Wire electric discharge machine
US6998561B2 (en) * 2002-10-24 2006-02-14 Fanuc Ltd Wire electric discharge machine
US20110126989A1 (en) * 2007-12-28 2011-06-02 Hassan Mohamed Farah Method for Reworking Adhesively Bonded Liquid Crystal Displays
US20110134385A1 (en) * 2007-12-28 2011-06-09 Hassan Mohamed Farah Method for reworking adhesively bonded liquid crystal displays
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EP0062074A1 (de) 1982-10-13
WO1982001148A1 (en) 1982-04-15
EP0062074A4 (de) 1985-04-11
DE3176199D1 (en) 1987-06-25
JPS5766824A (en) 1982-04-23
EP0062074B1 (de) 1987-05-20

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