US4870321A - Color cathode ray tube - Google Patents

Color cathode ray tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US4870321A
US4870321A US07/240,451 US24045188A US4870321A US 4870321 A US4870321 A US 4870321A US 24045188 A US24045188 A US 24045188A US 4870321 A US4870321 A US 4870321A
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Prior art keywords
electron
lens
electron beams
beams
center
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Expired - Lifetime
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US07/240,451
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English (en)
Inventor
Eiji Kamohara
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/48—Electron guns
    • H01J29/50—Electron guns two or more guns in a single vacuum space, e.g. for plural-ray tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/48—Electron guns
    • H01J29/51—Arrangements for controlling convergence of a plurality of beams by means of electric field only

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a color cathode ray tube and, in particular, to a main lens unit for electron guns which focuses and converges a plurality of electron beams.
  • a color cathode ray tube electron beams emitted from an electron gun assembly are focused and converged at a target where electron beam spots are formed.
  • the beam spot size is determined by the performance of the electron gun assembly.
  • the electron gun assembly comprises an electron beam generating section for effecting the generation and control of electron beams and a main lens unit for accelerating and focusing the electron beams.
  • One effective method for improving the performance of the electron guns is to improve the performance of the main lens unit.
  • the main lens unit is mostly formed of electrostatic lenses and a plurality of electrodes having an opening are located on the same axis so as to apply a predetermined potential.
  • the electrostatic lenses are classified into various types by the differences in their electrode configuration. Basically, the lens performance can be improved by either increasing the diameter of the electrode opening to provide a larger-aperture lens or by making the electrode-to-electrode distance longer to provide a lens of a longer focal point.
  • the electrode opening i.e., the lens aperture
  • the electrode-to-electrode distance is restricted in order that a converging electric field created between the electrodes may not be influenced by the other undesired electric fields within the neck section.
  • the corresponding three electron beams are readily converged at one point in the neighborhood of a whole screen surface as the beam-to-beam distance becomes smaller and smaller.
  • the deflection power may also advantageously be decreased.
  • the design tendency is toward decreasing the distance between the electrodes and toward decreasing the electrode opening.
  • Japanese Patent Publication (KOKOKU) No. 49-5591 corresponding U.S. Pat. No. 3,448,316 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,528,476 disclose a lens unit in which, in order to improve the lens performance, three electron lenses in a common plane are replaced by a single electron lens corresponding to a completely superimposed lens array so that three electronic beams pass through the center portion of that large-aperture electron lens in an intersecting fashion.
  • FIG. 1 shows a view corresponding to an optically equivalent array of the electron guns as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication (KOKOKU) No. 49-5591 (U.S. Pat. No. 3,448,316).
  • the electron beams 3A, 3B, and 3C emitted from cathode units 9A, 9B and 9C are previously focused by prefocusing lenses 20A, 20B and 20C and directed toward the center of larger-aperture electron lens 51.
  • the electron beams 3A and 3C emerging from larger-aperture electron lens 51 are strongly deflected by deflecting means 51A and 51C at a deflection angle + ⁇ ° and converged at screen 30.
  • the center electron beam encounters no aberration while, side electron beams 3A and 3C experience a greater deflection error or coma so that the three electron beams 3A, 3B and 3C are formed, as spots of different sizes, on screen 30.
  • control is required to somewhat weaken the deflection performance of larger-aperture electron lens 51 in which case it is not possible for larger-aperture lens 51 to exhibit its own inherent performance.
  • FIG. 2 shows an optically equivalent array of electron guns as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,528,476.
  • electron beams 3A, 3B and 3C emitted from cathode units 9A, 9B and 9C are preliminarily focused by prefocus lenses 20A, 20B and 20C and directed to the center of one larger-aperture electron lens 51 after one of the beams has been deflected by deflection lens 53A and another has been deflected by deflection lens 53C.
  • the electron beams 3A and 3C emerging from large-aperture electron lens 51 are strongly deflected, by larger-aperture lens, at a greater deflection angle and converged at screen 30. Even in this electron gun assembly, electron beams 3A and 3C encounter a greater deflection error or coma, so that three electron beams 3A, 3B and 3C emerge as beam spots of different sizes on screen 30.
  • An electron gun assembly for a cathode ray tube which comprises:
  • a beam generating means for generating first, second and third electron beams
  • a main electric lens unit for focusing the first, second and third electron beams onto a screen, respectively, and for over-converging the second and third electron beams and directing the second and third electron beams to an over-converged point between the main electric lens unit and the screen;
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrammatic views showing an electron lens system of a conventional electron gun assembly
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view, in section, showing a cathode ray tube structure
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view diagrammatically showing an electron gun assembly according to one embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing an electric lens system of the electron gun assembly of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view diagrammatically showing an electron gun assembly according to another embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the electric lens system of the electric gun assembly of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 3 is diagrammatic view showing an ordinary cathode ray tube.
  • Envelope 100 of the cathode ray tube is connected to neck section 104 through funnel section 103 and to panel 102.
  • Phosphor layer 105 comprised of R, G and B phosphor stripes, is formed on screen 106 of panel 102 in which case the phosphor strips extend in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 3.
  • Shadow mask 107 is fixed to panel 102 and faces screen 106.
  • Electron gun assembly 1 is contained in neck section 104, with three electron guns arranged in an in-line array in the X-Z plane and spaced a predetermined distance away from each other.
  • Deflection yoke 108 is located around a junction area between funnel section 103 and neck section 104.
  • Electron gun assembly 1 includes, as shown in FIG. 4, cathode units 9A, 9B and 9C, third to fifth grids 13 to 15 of a unitized structure opposite to cathode units 9A, 9B and 9C and convergence electrode 16.
  • Cathode units 9A, 9B and 9C are provided with heaters 6A, 6B and 6C therein, respectively, which generate three electron beams to be landed on red, blue and green phosphor stripes on screen 106.
  • Third to fifth grids 13 to 15 and convergence electrode 16 have holes, through which electron beams emitted from cathode units 9A, 9B and 9C pass, with the grid located opposite to cathode units 9A, 9B and 9C.
  • Grids 13 to 15 and electrode 16 are supported by insulating support plate 2.
  • First and second grids 11 and 12 are located in close proximity, and are formed of plate-like electrodes.
  • Third grid 13 is formed of a cup-like electrode with its base situated on the side of second grid 12, and has, at the bottom, beam passage holes 33A, 33B and 33C corresponding to the beam passage holes of the second grid.
  • Fourth grid 14 is formed of a cup-like electrode with its bottom situated on the side of fifth grid 15, and has beam passage holes 34A, 34B and 34C at the bottom.
  • Fifth grid 15 is formed of a cup-like electrode with its base situated on the side of convergence electrode 16, and has beam passage holes 35A, 35B and 35C at the bottom.
  • Convergence electrode 16 is formed of a cup-like electrode with its bottom situated on the side of fifth grid 15, and has beam passage holes 36A, 36B and 36C at the bottom. Magnetic field correcting elements 17 are arranged in the neighborhood of the bottom of convergence electrode 16 to allow three electron beams to be exactly converged onto the screen (not shown). A bulb spacer (not shown) is attached to convergence electrode 16 to allow a high voltage of about 25 to 30 KV to be applied to an anode terminal.
  • a cutoff voltage of about 150 V and modulation signal are applied to, for example, cathode units 9A, 9B and 9C, and first grid 11 is maintained at a ground potential level.
  • About 300 to 700 V, about 4 to 6 KV, about 15 to 20 KV and about 25 to 30 KV are applied to the second, third, fourth and fifth grids, respectively.
  • the equipotential curve of the main lens unit is as shown in FIG. 4.
  • One larger-aperture concave or converging lens 21 is formed, as an electron lens, between third and fourth grids 13 and 14, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • Concave or converging lenses 22A, 22B and 22C and larger-aperture convex or diverging lens 23 are formed, as electron lenses, between fourth and fifth grids 14 and 15.
  • a weaker diverging electron lens is formed behind concave electron lens 21 of a larger aperture and, here, it is included in concave electron lens 21.
  • Electron beams 3A, 3B and 3C emitted from cathode electrodes 9A, 9B and 9C are controlled by first and second grids 11 and 12, then preliminary focused by prefocus lenses 20a, 20b and 20c formed between second and third grids 12 and 13, and subjected to a primary focus by electron lens 21 formed between third and fourth grids 13 and 14.
  • electron beams 3A and 3C on both sides of center beam 3B, are somewhat more strongly converged than center beam 3B and deflected through an angle of + ⁇ ° toward the center beam 3B, whereby the three electron beams are directed to an over-converged point.
  • the electron beams 3A to 3C are subjected to a preliminary focus by concave electron lenses 22A, 22B and 22C formed between fourth and fifth grids 14 and 15, and focused electron beams 3A and 3C are slightly diverged by convex electron lens 23 of a larger aperture as to have a focused power weaker than that of center electron beam 3B. Electron beams 3A and 3C are also deflected by convex electron lens 23, at an angle of - ⁇ °, in a direction away from center electron beam 3B.
  • the center electron beam passes through the electric optical axis and is not substantially diverged by convex lens 23 of a larger aperture.
  • three electron beams 3A, 3B and 3C are exactly converged at one convergent point in the neighborhood of screen 30, for example, in an aperture of the shadow mask and are properly focused on screen 30.
  • the positive aberration of electron beams 3A and 3C emerging from converging electron lens 21 is offset by the negative aberration produced in the divergent electron lens of a larger aperture.
  • the three beam spots of the same size and the same shape are formed on screen 30, thus eliminating a risk of forming a deformed side electron beams.
  • the beam passage holes of the respective grids are circular in configuration, this invention is not restricted thereto.
  • a beam spot on the center of the screen is made vertically elliptic in pattern so as to decrease a halo at the marginal edge portion of the screen of a larger-angle deflection tube, it is only necessary to form the electron passage hole as an elliptic hole. It is also possible to vary the cuplike electrode, while an installation location is secured for the insulating support.
  • Japanese Patent Publication (KOKOKU) No. 60-51232 discloses an electron lens system in which the electron beams on both sides of a center electron beam are preliminarily deflected toward the center beam by a non-symmetric lens formed between second and third grids 12 and 13 so that the focusing variation is offset even if a potential on third grid 13 varies.
  • this invention may be applied to this electron lens system.
  • the diverging electron lens of a larger aperture is formed between fourth and fifth grids 14 and 15, either the arrangement on the fourth and fifth grids 14 and 15 may be modified, or a simpler correction plate may be provided, in order to minutely control the variance or the beam deformation.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7. Another embodiment of this invention will now be explained below with respect to FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • similar reference numerals are employed to designate parts or elements corresponding to those shown in the preceding embodiment. Further explanation is, therefore, omitted.
  • fourth grid 14 is formed of a single cylindrical electrode and electrostatic deflection plate unit 40 is provided on that side of deflection plate unit 40 where screen 105 is provided.
  • the electrostatic deflection plate unit is comprised of four plate-like electrodes 41, 42, 43 and 44 in a substantially parallel array. Two inner plate-like electrodes 42 and 43 are arranged parallel to each other. Two plate-like electrodes 41 and 44 located one on each side of the parallel array of plate-like electrodes 42 and 43 are outwardly curved away from the parallel array of plate-like electrodes 42 and 43.
  • a potential which is slightly higher than that applied to plate-like electrodes 42 and 43, is applied to plate-like electrodes 41 and 44 so that electron beams 3A and 3C may be deflected away from center electron beam 3B.
  • a diverging lens is formed relative to the electron beams at both sides of the center beam, since plate-like electrodes 41 and 44 are curved outwardly away from the inner array of plate-like electrodes 42 and 43.
  • a voltage of about 5 to 10 kV is applied to third grid 13
  • about 25 to 30 kV is applied to plate-like electrodes 42 and 43
  • a voltage higher by a few hundred to 1 kV than that applied to plate-like electrodes 42 and 43 is applied across plate-like electrodes 41 and 44.
  • an electric lens system is provided as indicated by an equivalent optical model in FIG. 7.
  • Three electron beams 3A, 3B and 3C which are emitted from cathode units 9A, 9B and 9C, pass through prefocus lenses 20A, 20B and 20C. They are focused by concave electron lens 21 of a larger aperture arranged between third and fourth grids 13 and 14 and side electron beams 3A and 3C somewhat strongly converged after being deflected by concave electron lens 21 at a delfection angle of + ⁇ ° toward the center electron beam 3B. As it is, the three electron beams are directed to a over converged point P as indicated by a dot-dash line.
  • electron beams 3A and 3C are correctively deflected, through a deflection angle of - ⁇ °, away from center beam 3B under the action of electrical prisms 24 formed by electrostatic deflection plate 40.
  • the three electron beams are converged on one convergent spot in the neighborhood of screen 30.
  • Electron beams 3A and 3C are over-focused by larger-aperture electron lens 21 upon comparison with center electron beam 3B. Nevertheless, these electron beams are corrected by diverging lenses 25A and 25C formed at the location of electrostatic deflection plate 40 so that electron beams 3A and 3C, together with center electron beam 3B, are properly focused on screen 30 on which the beam spots of same size and same shape is formed.
  • the deflection angle ⁇ is a very large angle, that is, an angle as large as an angle of 10° to 15°.
  • electron beams 3A and 3C converges through an angle of + ⁇ ° under the action of the electron lens. Since this angle is very small, about 1° to 4°, the deflection angle ⁇ one-third to one-tenth of the deflection angle ⁇ so that the deflection angle ⁇ is very small compared with the deflection angle ⁇ , resulting in a smaller deflection error. Furthermore, the side electron beams diverge through a deflection angle of - ⁇ ° (1° to 3°), and thus the deflection error is cancelled.
  • a bi-potential type lens is basically formed by the third and fourth grids
  • this invention is not restricted hereto.
  • use may also be made of uni- and tri-potential type lenses, or a composite type lens, or a combination of individual lenses and large-aperture electron lens. If the lens of a longer focal point as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,932,786 is applied to a location of the larger-aperture lens, the resultant lens performance can be much improved.
  • the larger-aperture lens use may be made of not only the electrostatic lens but also the magnetic field lens.
  • the color cathode ray has been explained in connection with the in-line type electron gun array, this invention can be applied to the case where a plurality of electron beams are used or to the usage other than that of the color cathode ray tube.
  • a color cathode ray tube equipped with an electron gun assembly for focusing a plurality of electron beams in which a larger-aperture electron lens for converging the electron beams allows the electron beams to pass therethrough without being crossed therein with respect to each other and another electron lens is provided for correcting the convergence of the electron beams produced by the electron lens.
  • the larger-aperture electron lens fully exhibits its own inherent performance, and the electron beams can be readily converged in one convergent point near to the screen, while allowing the beam spot diameter on the screen to be decreased.
  • a high-performance color cathode ray tube, provided with an electron gun assembly of this invention, can readily be manufactured in a simpler arrangement and has a wides practical application.
  • a color cathode ray tube equipped with an electron gun assembly of this invention which can attain a high-performance withtout increasing the beam-to-beam distance and can attain a better convergence with a smaller deflection power level.

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US07/240,451 1986-03-19 1988-09-02 Color cathode ray tube Expired - Lifetime US4870321A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61059321A JP2735176B2 (ja) 1986-03-19 1986-03-19 カラー受像管
JP61-59321 1986-03-19

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US07026464 Continuation 1987-03-16

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US (1) US4870321A (de)
EP (1) EP0238019B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2735176B2 (de)
KR (1) KR900002078B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1017108B (de)
DE (1) DE3763607D1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5091673A (en) * 1988-09-28 1992-02-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshba Color cathode ray tube apparatus
US5399932A (en) * 1992-04-30 1995-03-21 Sony Corporation Three gun color CRT which has three grids with the holes in the third grid shifted relative to the holes in first and second grids
US6501517B1 (en) * 1999-07-24 2002-12-31 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Optical system in projection television receiver
US20090108200A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-04-30 Micron Technology, Inc. Method and System of Performing Three-Dimensional Imaging Using An Electron Microscope
CN117396995A (zh) * 2021-09-30 2024-01-12 科磊股份有限公司 产生多个电子束的系统及方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100291926B1 (ko) * 1999-03-29 2001-06-01 김순택 칼라 음극선관의 인라인형 전자총

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US3448316A (en) * 1967-01-14 1969-06-03 Sony Corp Cathode ray tube
JPS495591A (de) * 1972-03-24 1974-01-18
US4086513A (en) * 1975-03-03 1978-04-25 Rca Corporation Plural gun cathode ray tube having parallel plates adjacent grid apertures
US4350923A (en) * 1980-03-27 1982-09-21 Rca Corporation Electron gun with balanced lens lips to reduce astigmatism
US4528476A (en) * 1983-10-24 1985-07-09 Rca Corporation Cathode-ray tube having electron gun with three focus lenses
JPH05174801A (ja) * 1991-12-17 1993-07-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 密閉型鉛蓄電池

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DE2533046C3 (de) * 1975-07-24 1978-11-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Zündeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
JPS5369A (en) * 1976-06-23 1978-01-05 Matsushita Electronics Corp Double-beam electronic gun

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3448316A (en) * 1967-01-14 1969-06-03 Sony Corp Cathode ray tube
JPS495591A (de) * 1972-03-24 1974-01-18
US4086513A (en) * 1975-03-03 1978-04-25 Rca Corporation Plural gun cathode ray tube having parallel plates adjacent grid apertures
US4350923A (en) * 1980-03-27 1982-09-21 Rca Corporation Electron gun with balanced lens lips to reduce astigmatism
US4528476A (en) * 1983-10-24 1985-07-09 Rca Corporation Cathode-ray tube having electron gun with three focus lenses
JPH05174801A (ja) * 1991-12-17 1993-07-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 密閉型鉛蓄電池

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
Electronic Design, vol. 31, No. 7, 31st Mar. 1983, pp. 38 39, Waseca, Minn., Denville, N.J., U.S.; V. Biancomano: Color Tube Retains Focusing Accuracy Despite Small Yoke . *
Electronic Design, vol. 31, No. 7, 31st Mar. 1983, pp. 38-39, Waseca, Minn., Denville, N.J., U.S.; V. Biancomano: "Color Tube Retains Focusing Accuracy Despite Small Yoke".

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5091673A (en) * 1988-09-28 1992-02-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshba Color cathode ray tube apparatus
US5399932A (en) * 1992-04-30 1995-03-21 Sony Corporation Three gun color CRT which has three grids with the holes in the third grid shifted relative to the holes in first and second grids
US6501517B1 (en) * 1999-07-24 2002-12-31 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Optical system in projection television receiver
US20090108200A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2009-04-30 Micron Technology, Inc. Method and System of Performing Three-Dimensional Imaging Using An Electron Microscope
US8642959B2 (en) * 2007-10-29 2014-02-04 Micron Technology, Inc. Method and system of performing three-dimensional imaging using an electron microscope
US20140145089A1 (en) * 2007-10-29 2014-05-29 Micron Technology, Inc. Apparatus having a magnetic lens configured to diverge an electron beam
US9390882B2 (en) * 2007-10-29 2016-07-12 Micron Technology, Inc. Apparatus having a magnetic lens configured to diverge an electron beam
CN117396995A (zh) * 2021-09-30 2024-01-12 科磊股份有限公司 产生多个电子束的系统及方法
CN117396995B (zh) * 2021-09-30 2025-09-26 科磊股份有限公司 产生多个电子束的系统及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN87101668A (zh) 1987-12-30
DE3763607D1 (de) 1990-08-16
KR870009439A (ko) 1987-10-26
CN1017108B (zh) 1992-06-17
KR900002078B1 (ko) 1990-03-31
EP0238019A2 (de) 1987-09-23
JPS62217541A (ja) 1987-09-25
EP0238019A3 (en) 1988-10-26
EP0238019B1 (de) 1990-07-11
JP2735176B2 (ja) 1998-04-02

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