US4945761A - Method and device for transmitting data by cable and mud waves - Google Patents

Method and device for transmitting data by cable and mud waves Download PDF

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Publication number
US4945761A
US4945761A US07/313,437 US31343789A US4945761A US 4945761 A US4945761 A US 4945761A US 31343789 A US31343789 A US 31343789A US 4945761 A US4945761 A US 4945761A
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United States
Prior art keywords
data
transmitting
cable
drilling
mud
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US07/313,437
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English (en)
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Jacques Lessi
Pierre Morin
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Assigned to INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE reassignment INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: LESSI, JACQUES, MORIN, PIERRE
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/14Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
    • E21B47/18Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the well fluid, e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/13Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/26Storing data down-hole, e.g. in a memory or on a record carrier

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and device for transmitting data generated by detection and/or measurement means placed in a well.
  • the present invention is particularly well adapted to measuring while drilling techniques generally designated by the initials MWD.
  • Well logging during drilling using an MWD type technique are destined for considerable development for two essential reasons; namely, a reduction of well logging costs, and a possibility of remote guiding of the drilling as a function of reservoir objectives which is of particular importance in the case of horizontal drilling.
  • existing tools include a natural gamma radiation measurement probe, possibly oriented, a normal resistivity prove, etc.
  • While cable transmission has an advantage of being of a very good quality, and operates at high speeds such as, for example, hundreds of measurements per second, a disadvantage thereof resides in the fact that the cable transmission does not generally allow for a rotation of the drill string.
  • the aim underlying the present invention essentially resides in providing a combined transmission which avoids the above mentioned drawbacks and disadvantages by providing combined transmission adapted to give continuously, via mud waves or electromagnetic waves, drilling parameters to which a few measurements related to the geological formation could be added.
  • a cable may be connected and enables a denser transmission of data measurements to the surface.
  • the transmission device of the present invention may also be constructed so that selection of the channels for measurements transmitted by mud waves or electromagnetic waves is normally, and if desired, effected by one of the conductors of the cable.
  • the data obtained under these conditions result in a precious saving in time for constructing elements which will be positioned in the well after drilling, such as perforated production casings in which the position of the perforations can be rapidly predicted.
  • pertinent data should be understood sophisticated data requiring a high transmission flow of the data when it is necessary, e.g. when passing through a critical zone of the geological formation and relatively poor data when the geological formation being drilled has no particular interest.
  • 25 the poor data transmitted at low frequency may contain in particular the data for directing the drilling and the drilling parameters.
  • the present invention relates to a method for transmitting data generated by detection and/or measurement means placed in a well.
  • the transmission is provided from one side by cable, or from another side by mud waves or electromagnetic waves, simultaneously or successively.
  • the transmission may be carried out without withdrawing the detection and/or measurement means from the well.
  • the transmission may be carried out intermittently by cable .
  • the transmission may be carried out during drilling.
  • transmission may be made by cable when it is not necessary to rotate the drill string.
  • transmission by mud waves or electromagnetic waves may be made at least during the drilling periods when cable transmission is not used, or permanently.
  • the cable may be used to achieve a real time transmission of the data i.e. as soon as the data are available.
  • the data to be transmitted by cable may equally be stored in a storage member forming part of the lower end 15 of the drill string and the cable may be lowered periodically so as to bring up the data stored in the lower part of the drill string.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for transmitting data generated by detection and/or measurement means placed in a well, with the device comprising transmission means including a cable and mud wave or electromagnetic wave transmission means, and means for remote connection of the cable with the detection and/or measurement means.
  • the cable transmission means may include means for storing the data and the detection and/or measurement means may be placed in a drill string substantially in the vicinity of the lower end of this drill string which may include a drilling tool driven by a downhole motor.
  • the device of the invention may comprise means for monitoring the channels effectively transmitted, with the monitoring means being adapted for receiving the reference relative to the channels to be transmitted from transmission means including the cable.
  • the device of the present invention may also comprise a side entry sub, and the cable may be an electric or an optic cable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematical longitudinal view of an assembly formed of drilling tool a downhole motor and a battery of measurement probes and transmission members;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram for depicting an operation of the of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 3-8 are schematic views respectively illustrating different steps of the method of the present invention with drilling equipment comprising a downhole motor.
  • drilling is carried out by using a downhole motor tool rotating a drilling tool 1, with a drill string including measurement probes or elements 1a, 1b . . . 1n.
  • a multiplexer-selector 3 is connected to a mud wave generator 4, and to an electric connector 5.
  • a means 6 for modifying may be a bent sub of the type disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,286,676, 4,374,547 or French Patent No. 2,581,698.
  • the sub may be placed just after the drilling tool 1 or, preferably, as illustrated in FIG. 1, just after the downhole motor 2. However, it is also possible to insert the sub on the measurement probes 1a, 1b . . . 1n.
  • the downhole motor tool is driven by a flow of drive fluid from the surface and, in this case, the measurement probes 1a, 1b . . . 1n, multiplexer-selector 3, and mud wave generator 4 will allow the flow of the drive fluid.
  • the remaining elements or components of the drill string are connected to the mud wave generator 4 provided with a threaded portion 7 for this purpose.
  • parameter measurement probes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d . . . 8m are provided for measuring parameters A, B, C, D . . . N, with lines 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d . . . 9n transmitting the measurement signals, generally electric, coming respectively from the measurement probes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d. . . 8m, to a multiplexer-selector means 10 of the multiplexer-selector 3 for processing the signals received and transmitting some of this data to a mud wave generator means 11 of the mud wave generator 4 through one or more transmission lines.
  • the multiplexer-selector means 10 also transmits signals to a connector 13 over an electric connection 14.
  • a data storage means 15 for storing the data, possibly in digital form, are connected by one or more two-way data flow transmission lines 16 so as to make possible a filling of the memories of the data storage means 15 and a read out therefrom.
  • the multiplexer-selector means 10 may comprise control means which can be driven or programmed for the connector 13, with the connector 13 serving for the transmission of data in both directions; namely, data going to the surface and control data coming down from the surface.
  • the multiplexer means 10 may receive the selection measurement channels whose data can be transmitted by the mud wave generator means 11.
  • a well 18 is drilled into the surface 17 of the ground by a drilling tool 19 driven by a downhole motor 20 mounted on an assembly 21, fixed to an end of a drill stream 22, comprising a bent sub, measurement probes, a multiplexer-selector, mud wave generator, and connector with the assembly 21 corresponding to the assembly in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 a deviated well is drilled and drilling continues without particular difficulty through a geological formation 23 without any particular problem.
  • the mud wave generator transmits to the surface 17 the data from a limited number of probes.
  • data may be transmitted concerning the drilling parameters, such as the torque, the weight, the pressure and the temperature, the direction of the drilling.
  • the amount of data transmitted and their rate are limited by the performance of the systems using the mud waves, and the data thus transmitted by the mud waves makes it possible to monitor the drilling operation.
  • the drill string may be driven in rotation from the surface and thus if required drive the drilling tool 19 for drilling the well. Furthermore, the fact of being able to rotate the drill string avoids risks of jamming of the drill string.
  • the mud generator may advantageously transmit additional data concerning more particularly either the detection of an abnormal event, or the detection of a modification in the drilled geological formation.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a phase of drilling corresponding to the penetration of the drilling tool into a new geological formation 24 and, at that moment, the mud wave generator transmits among the data which it conveys to the surface 17, data showing that the mud wave generator has detected the new geological formation 24. It is then up to the surface operator to decide whether to seek additional data or not and, if not, the drilling continues without modification. However, if additional data is desired, the drilling is interrupted and a connector 25 fixed to an end of the cable 26 (FIG. 5), is lowered from the surface 17. The lowering of the connector 25 may be achieved entirely by pumping as far as the connection, or else by gravity, and then by pumping.
  • Cable 26 may pass from the outside of the drill string to the inside thereof through a side entry sub 27 of a known type and, from the moment the connector 25 cooperates with the connector 28 of the assembly 21, the operator has a high data flow transmission connection available.
  • the operator may ask for the stored data to be read out, at least if the drilling has been stored therein and if it interests the operator.
  • the drilling continues by the downhole motor 20, by adding elements 29 to the drill string above the side entry sub 27.
  • the operator has available on the surface 17 sophisticated data requiring a high data transmission flow.
  • the parameters measured and transmitted may be those produced by acoustic probes, pulsed neutron probes, special resistivity measuring probes, etc.
  • the operator may decide to stop the mud wave generator during this drilling phase or not, for obviously the data transmitted by the mud wave generator may also be transmitted by the cable 26.
  • the data obtained through transmission of the signals by cable 26 provide good knowledge of the new geological formation 24 and show whether it is a hydrocarbon producing formation or not.
  • the operator may decide on the path to be given to the drilling and may also know the characteristics to be given to the production casing which the operator will position at the level of this formation 24.
  • the construction of such production casings may be undertaken with a sufficient construction time since the drilling is to continue further, whereas, in the prior art techniques, this time is very short, since it corresponds solely to the time for obtaining the delayed well logs.
  • the cable 26 may be withdrawn. For that, the drill string is partially raised until the side entry sub 27 is at the level of surface 17 where it may be removed, as well as the cable 26.
  • the operator may transmit through the same cable the control signal to the multiplexer-selector so as to choose the channels to be transmitted by the mud wave generator and possibly to cause operation of the latter. Additionally, as required, the operator may also program the means for storing the data.
  • the drilling may be resumed, as illustrated in FIG. 8, i.e. with the addition of elements of the drill string and in the absence of the cable.
  • the decision to withdraw cable 26 may also be motivated by the risks of jamming of the drill string which requires rotation of the drill string.
  • the male connector 5 is equipped with a sleeve 30 protecting the electric contacts 31.
  • sleeve 30 In the absence of a female connector, sleeve 30 is held at the level of the electric contacts 31 by a spring 32. Under the action of the female plug, sleeve 30 is retracted to the base of the male connector 5.
  • the present invention may also be applied in the case of drilling in the absence of a downhole motor and, in this case, the detection of a new geological formation will be transmitted to the operator by the mud wave generator. The operator may then continue the drilling over a sufficient length to carry out well logging and to lower the cable equipped with this connector for effecting the measurements by raising the drill string.
  • the operator may monitor the mud wave generator and possibly the the data storage means.
  • they may be tripped automatically by the multiplexer-selector and drilling may continue over a sufficient length for making the desired measurements.
  • the cable equipped with a connector may be lowered for cooperating with the assembly 21 and reading of the contents of the data storage means.
  • the operator will transmit his instructions to the multiplexer-selector.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
US07/313,437 1988-02-22 1989-02-22 Method and device for transmitting data by cable and mud waves Expired - Lifetime US4945761A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8802095 1988-02-22
FR8802095A FR2627649B1 (fr) 1988-02-22 1988-02-22 Methode et dispositif de transmission de l'information par cable et par ondes de boue

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US4945761A true US4945761A (en) 1990-08-07

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US07/313,437 Expired - Lifetime US4945761A (en) 1988-02-22 1989-02-22 Method and device for transmitting data by cable and mud waves

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US (1) US4945761A (de)
EP (1) EP0330558B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1304073C (de)
DE (1) DE68900423D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2627649B1 (de)
NO (1) NO171574C (de)

Cited By (41)

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WO1993015306A1 (en) * 1992-01-31 1993-08-05 Baker Hughes Incorporated A subsurface well tool actuator
US5414673A (en) * 1992-04-21 1995-05-09 Scherbatskoy; Serge A. Sonic measurement while drilling
GB2286844A (en) * 1994-02-25 1995-08-30 Rohrback Cosasco Syst Inc Wellbore monitoring apparatus
US5477923A (en) * 1992-08-07 1995-12-26 Baker Hughes Incorporated Wellbore completion using measurement-while-drilling techniques
US5899958A (en) * 1995-09-11 1999-05-04 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Logging while drilling borehole imaging and dipmeter device
US6308562B1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2001-10-30 W-H Energy Systems, Inc. Technique for signal detection using adaptive filtering in mud pulse telemetry
US6384738B1 (en) 1997-04-07 2002-05-07 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Pressure impulse telemetry apparatus and method
US6388577B1 (en) 1997-04-07 2002-05-14 Kenneth J. Carstensen High impact communication and control system
US20030151977A1 (en) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-14 Shah Vimal V. Dual channel downhole telemetry
US20040163822A1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2004-08-26 Zhiyi Zhang Combined telemetry system and method
GB2428054A (en) * 2005-07-05 2007-01-17 Schlumberger Holdings A wellbore communication system
US20070247329A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-25 John Petrovic System and Method for Downhole Telemetry
US20070263488A1 (en) * 2006-05-10 2007-11-15 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Wellbore telemetry and noise cancellation systems and method for the same
US7658196B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2010-02-09 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. System and method for determining implanted device orientation
US20100201540A1 (en) * 2006-05-10 2010-08-12 Qiming Li System and method for using dual telemetry
US7775215B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2010-08-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. System and method for determining implanted device positioning and obtaining pressure data
US7775966B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2010-08-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Non-invasive pressure measurement in a fluid adjustable restrictive device
US7844342B2 (en) 2008-02-07 2010-11-30 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Powering implantable restriction systems using light
US7927270B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2011-04-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. External mechanical pressure sensor for gastric band pressure measurements
US8016744B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2011-09-13 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. External pressure-based gastric band adjustment system and method
US8016745B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2011-09-13 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Monitoring of a food intake restriction device
US8034065B2 (en) 2008-02-26 2011-10-11 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Controlling pressure in adjustable restriction devices
US8057492B2 (en) 2008-02-12 2011-11-15 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Automatically adjusting band system with MEMS pump
US8066629B2 (en) 2005-02-24 2011-11-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Apparatus for adjustment and sensing of gastric band pressure
US8100870B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2012-01-24 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Adjustable height gastric restriction devices and methods
US8114345B2 (en) 2008-02-08 2012-02-14 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. System and method of sterilizing an implantable medical device
US8142452B2 (en) 2007-12-27 2012-03-27 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Controlling pressure in adjustable restriction devices
US8152710B2 (en) 2006-04-06 2012-04-10 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Physiological parameter analysis for an implantable restriction device and a data logger
US8187163B2 (en) 2007-12-10 2012-05-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Methods for implanting a gastric restriction device
US8187162B2 (en) 2008-03-06 2012-05-29 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Reorientation port
US8192350B2 (en) 2008-01-28 2012-06-05 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Methods and devices for measuring impedance in a gastric restriction system
US8221439B2 (en) 2008-02-07 2012-07-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Powering implantable restriction systems using kinetic motion
US8233995B2 (en) 2008-03-06 2012-07-31 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. System and method of aligning an implantable antenna
US8337389B2 (en) 2008-01-28 2012-12-25 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Methods and devices for diagnosing performance of a gastric restriction system
US8377079B2 (en) 2007-12-27 2013-02-19 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Constant force mechanisms for regulating restriction devices
US8591395B2 (en) 2008-01-28 2013-11-26 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Gastric restriction device data handling devices and methods
US8591532B2 (en) 2008-02-12 2013-11-26 Ethicon Endo-Sugery, Inc. Automatically adjusting band system
US8870742B2 (en) 2006-04-06 2014-10-28 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. GUI for an implantable restriction device and a data logger
US9291049B2 (en) 2013-02-25 2016-03-22 Evolution Engineering Inc. Downhole electromagnetic and mud pulse telemetry apparatus
US9605535B2 (en) 2013-02-25 2017-03-28 Evolution Engineering Inc. Integrated downhole system with plural telemetry subsystems
US9732608B2 (en) 2013-02-25 2017-08-15 Evolution Engineering Inc. Downhole telemetry

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FR2688026B1 (fr) * 1992-02-27 1994-04-15 Institut Francais Petrole Systeme et methode d'acquisition de donnees physiques liees a un forage en cours.
RU2194161C2 (ru) * 2000-12-01 2002-12-10 Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственная фирма "Самарские Горизонты" Телеметрическая система контроля забойных параметров
RU2219336C2 (ru) * 2001-02-19 2003-12-20 ООО КБ "Тополь" Телеметрическая система контроля забойных параметров
RU2193656C1 (ru) * 2001-05-28 2002-11-27 Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственная фирма "Самарские Горизонты" Забойная телеметрическая система для работы в экранирующих пластах с высокой проводимостью
RU2200835C2 (ru) * 2001-05-28 2003-03-20 Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственная фирма "Самарские Горизонты" Забойная телеметрическая система
RU2218464C2 (ru) * 2001-10-18 2003-12-10 Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственная фирма "Самарские Горизонты" Аппаратура проверки работоспособности телеметрической системы
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Cited By (84)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5343963A (en) * 1990-07-09 1994-09-06 Bouldin Brett W Method and apparatus for providing controlled force transference to a wellbore tool
WO1993015306A1 (en) * 1992-01-31 1993-08-05 Baker Hughes Incorporated A subsurface well tool actuator
US5414673A (en) * 1992-04-21 1995-05-09 Scherbatskoy; Serge A. Sonic measurement while drilling
US5477923A (en) * 1992-08-07 1995-12-26 Baker Hughes Incorporated Wellbore completion using measurement-while-drilling techniques
US5627749A (en) * 1994-02-25 1997-05-06 Rohrback Cosasco Systems, Inc. Corrosion monitoring tool
GB2286844A (en) * 1994-02-25 1995-08-30 Rohrback Cosasco Syst Inc Wellbore monitoring apparatus
GB2286844B (en) * 1994-02-25 1997-09-10 Rohrback Cosasco Syst Inc Wellbore monitoring apparatus
US5899958A (en) * 1995-09-11 1999-05-04 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Logging while drilling borehole imaging and dipmeter device
US6710720B2 (en) 1997-04-07 2004-03-23 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Pressure impulse telemetry apparatus and method
US6384738B1 (en) 1997-04-07 2002-05-07 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Pressure impulse telemetry apparatus and method
US6388577B1 (en) 1997-04-07 2002-05-14 Kenneth J. Carstensen High impact communication and control system
US7295491B2 (en) 1997-04-07 2007-11-13 Carstensen Kenneth J High impact communication and control system
US6760275B2 (en) 1997-04-07 2004-07-06 Kenneth J. Carstensen High impact communication and control system
US20040238184A1 (en) * 1997-04-07 2004-12-02 Carstensen Kenneth J. High impact communication and control system
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NO171574C (no) 1993-03-31
NO890709D0 (no) 1989-02-20
NO171574B (no) 1992-12-21
FR2627649B1 (fr) 1990-10-26
EP0330558B1 (de) 1991-11-13
DE68900423D1 (de) 1991-12-19
NO890709L (no) 1989-08-23
EP0330558A1 (de) 1989-08-30
FR2627649A1 (fr) 1989-08-25
CA1304073C (fr) 1992-06-23

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