US6027341A - Dental cavity conditioning - Google Patents

Dental cavity conditioning Download PDF

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Publication number
US6027341A
US6027341A US08/793,866 US79386697A US6027341A US 6027341 A US6027341 A US 6027341A US 79386697 A US79386697 A US 79386697A US 6027341 A US6027341 A US 6027341A
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process according
etching
acid
aqueous composition
dentin
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Sven Lindskog
Leif Blomlof
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Peridoc AB
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Peridoc AB
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
    • A61K6/40—Primers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the conditioning of dental cavities by etching in preparation for bonding restorations to enamel and dentin, and the invention also covers a kit for use in such conditioning process.
  • Enamel is the hardest biologic tissue found in the body and it forms a protective layer covering the crowns of teeth. It is composed of interlocking rods which, to more than 96%, are constituted by hydroxyapatite. The rods are deposited in keyhole shapes each of which comprise a head and a tail surrounded by a sheath (cf. FIG. 1 as enclosed). Enamelin, a protein unique to enamel, can be found in minute amounts surrounding individual hydroxyapatite crystallites predominantly in the sheath (for a review see Avery J K. Essentials of Oral Histology and Embryology. A Clinical Approach. St. Louis, Mosby, 1992).
  • the body of the tooth is constituted by dentin.
  • Dentin is composed of an organic matrix of collagen fibers (on average 20% by weight), in which hydroxyapatite crystallites (on average 70% by weight) are dispersed. The remaining 10% of the dentin is constituted by water.
  • Dentin tubules approximately 1 ⁇ m in diameter and of a density amounting to 30 000 to 50 000 tubules per mm2, run from the centrally located pulp to the periphery of the body of dentin (cf. FIG. 2 as enclosed).
  • the walls of the tubules are made up of peritubular dentin which is approximately 40% more highly mineralized than the intertubular dentin in between the tubules.
  • the water component of dentin is mainly found in the dentin tubules (for a review, see Avery 1992, above).
  • the bonding of dental restorations to dental mineralized tissues is the last step in filling therapy (for details, see Heymann, H., Bayne, S. Current Concepts in dentin bonding. Journal of the American Dental Association 1993, 124, 27-35).
  • the process starts with mechanical removal of carious enamel and dentin followed by cavity preparation.
  • the cavity walls are subsequently pretreated before insertion of the filling material in order to increase adherence of the material to the walls and to minimize gap formation.
  • This process is generally referred to as bonding and relies on two principles:
  • the bonding usually involves an initial step of surface etching using ortho-phosphoric acid, such etching having for its purpose to:
  • Etching is, by definition, the selective removal of parts or components from a solid surface through the action of an etching agent, such as solutions of acids or other substances. Etching does not, however, implicate erosion of the surface to remove a complete surface layer.
  • the purpose of the etching of exposed dental mineralized tissues after cavity preparation is not the same for all tissues involved.
  • a dentin surface the purpose is to selectively remove smear and hydroxyapatite leaving an exposed layer of collagen.
  • an enamel surface the purpose is to increase the surface area. available for bonding by removing hydroxyapatite from the more highly mineralized enamel rods.
  • the principle object of the present invention is to provide a process for the conditioning of dental cavities by etching considering the different tissues involved in such etching.
  • Another object of the invention is to selectively remove smear and hydroxyapatite from a dentin surface so as to form an exposed layer of collagen.
  • Yet another purpose of the invention is to provide a kit for use in such conditioning of dental cavities by etching.
  • the invention provides for a process for the conditioning of dental cavities by etching in preparation for bonding restorations to enamel and dentin, said process comprising the following steps:
  • step b) of the process it is preferred to use an acid selected from phosphoric and citric acids.
  • the etching under step b) above is performed for a fairly short period of time, such as less than about 25 seconds.
  • the EDTA-containing agent is suitably in the form of an aqueous solution having a pH of about neutral.
  • the etching acid used in step b) has suitably a pH of about 1 and is also suitably constituted by an aqueous solution, such as a saturated citric acid solution or a phosphoric acid solution having a concentration of about 37%.
  • the invention also provides for a kit for use in such conditioning of dental cavities by etching in preparation for bonding restorations to enamel and dentin, said kit comprising the following items:
  • a preferred embodiment of such kit contains as a composition of the first container (based on the water contents of the composition):
  • EDTA in an amount of about 22 to 27% by weight
  • sodium hydroxide as a pH-controlling agent in an amount resulting in a pH within the range about 6.5 to about 7.5;
  • the amount of EDTA is about 25% by weight
  • the pH of the composition is around neutral pH7;
  • the viscosity-increasing agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in an amount of about 3 to 5% by weight.
  • EDTA ethylene-diamino-tetraacetic acid
  • EDTA is an agent which chelates divalent cations, such as Ca2 + , Mg2 + , Fe2 + and Pb2 + . It has found use in infusion solutions for detoxification and as an anticoagulant in vivo. In vitro it has found a variety of uses, such as to detach cells from solid substrata (Paul J. Cell and Tissue Culture. London: Churchill, 1975; Adams R L P.
  • etching agents operating at about pH 1, such as phosphoric or citric acid, not only the mineral component of exposed dentin surfaces is dissolved but also the collagenous matrix. Accordingly, collagen is dissolved at acid pH's by acids, such as citric acid, already at low concentrations (Trelstad RT. Native collagen fractionation. In: Immunochemistry of the Extra-cellular Matrix. Volume 1. Methods. Ed: Furthmayr H. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1982: 31-41). It is true that EDTA can also dissolve parts of collagen molecules or superstructures, but this effect is negligible during the short exposure required in the conditioning of dental cavities. Thus, EDTA etching in contrast to conventional etching agents, will selectively remove hydroxyapatite but not the collagenous matrix of dentin.
  • phosphoric and citric acids are preferred.
  • ortho-phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4
  • pK a 2.15
  • a pH-controlling agent in an amount resulting in a pH of the aqueous phase of the composition lying within the range from about 6 to about 8.
  • a particularly preferred range is from about 6.5 to about 7.5, i.e. around neutral, pH 7.
  • Said pH-controlling agent can be any alkaline compound or substance compatible with the intended use of the composition, and the agent may also be constituted by a suitable buffer.
  • alkaline compounds there may be mentioned ammonia and hydroxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
  • Particularly preferred alkaline compounds are sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.
  • etching agents or composition used in the process of the present invention are of an aqueous nature and may be constituted by an aqueous composition.
  • a viscous aqueous solution For ease of application of each composition it is preferred that it is in the form of a viscous aqueous solution, increased viscosity being provided by a viscosity-increasing agent.
  • agent may be constituted by a polysaccharide and may be selected from celluloses and derivatives thereof, starches and derivatives thereof, plant gums, capsular microbial polysaccharides and algal polysaccharides.
  • celluloses and derivatives thereof e.g. ethyl celluloses, hydroxyethyl celluloses, carboxymethyl celluloses and salts thereof, and starches and starch derivatives, such as hydroxyethyl starch.
  • a particularly preferred viscosity increasing agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • concentration of the polysaccharide used in the compositions used in accordance with the invention may vary within broad limits but a practical upper limit is about 25% by weight of the polysaccharide based on the weight of the composition. However, much lower percentages may be used and a concentration of the order of up to 10% by weight of the polysaccharide, such as about 1 to about 5% by weight, are practically conceivable.
  • agents selected from proteins and glycoproteins, such as gelatin, denatured structural proteins and proteoglycans.
  • compositions contain water as a major component, and their contents of the etching ingredient, EDTA or conventional acid, respectively, may be a concentration near saturation or at saturation, such as about 27% by weight of EDTA based on the water contents of the composition.
  • concentration near saturation or at saturation such as about 27% by weight of EDTA based on the water contents of the composition.
  • saturation point for EDTA lies between about 22 and 27% by weight based on the water contents of the composition, such as about 25%.
  • near saturation means in this disclosure a concentration which is no less than about 80% and especially no less than about 90% of the concentration at saturation.
  • the composition has a relatively high viscosity, and the composition may for this purpose take the form of a gel or a semi-fluid material.
  • a suitable polysaccharide in a relatively small amount, such as up to about 5% by weight based on the water contents of the composition, a preferred range being from about 2 to about 5% by weight.
  • phosphoric and citric acids are preferred, particularly ortho-phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) in a concentration to result in a fairly low pH at around 1.
  • concentration of the phosphoric acid is not particularly critical, but may be up to about 40% by weight, a preferred lower limit being about 10% by weight.
  • the range about 30 to about 40, such as about 37% by weight is particularly preferred.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the structure and composition of enamel through a perspective view (i.e., FIG. 1A) and a plan view, (i.e., FIG. 1B) respectively, of a section of enamel tissue;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-section of a tooth clarifying the structure and composition of dentin.
  • Aqueous solutions of citric acid at saturation, pH about 1, ortho-phosphoric acid, at a concentration of 37% by weight, pH about 1, and EDTA at a concentration of 25%, pH about 7, are prepared for use in the experiments.
  • An aqueous composition is prepared by dissolving about 25% of EDTA in water using NaOH as a pH-controlling agent to give a pH about 7.
  • NaOH a pH-controlling agent
  • a quantity of sodiumcarboxymethylcellulose within the range about 3 to about 5% is suitable.
  • An aqueous solution of ortho-phosphoric acid having an acid concentration of about 37% is prepared resulting in a pH of the solution of about 1.
  • the resulting solution is made viscous in the same manner as described in Example 2 above.
  • Extracted human teeth having dental cavities with exposed dentin and enamel are immersed into the aqueous solutions prepared according to Example 1 above. The teeth are held in the solutions for more than 10 min and are then prepared for examination.
  • the invention is based on the concept of using different etching compositions for selective use on dentin and enamel, the compositions being based on EDTA and a conventional etching acid, respectively.
  • the etching compositions are preferably in a viscous form to allow full control of application and to avoid accidental etching of dentin with conventional etching acid, such as phosphoric acid.
  • etching the dentin part of the dental cavity using EDTA need not be restricted to the dentin part only, since the EDTA composition does not deleteriously affect the enamel part of the cavity.
  • care should be taken that the conventional etching acid composition is excluded from coming into contact with the dentin part of the dental cavity.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
US08/793,866 1994-09-22 1995-09-14 Dental cavity conditioning Expired - Fee Related US6027341A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9403192A SE503150C2 (sv) 1994-09-22 1994-09-22 Kit innehållande EDTA för användning vid konditionering av dentala kaviteter genom etsning
SE9403192 1994-09-22
PCT/SE1995/001040 WO1996009028A1 (en) 1994-09-22 1995-09-14 Dental cavity conditioning

Related Child Applications (1)

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US09/237,224 Division US6197212B1 (en) 1994-09-22 1999-01-26 Kit for use in the conditioning of dental cavities

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US6027341A true US6027341A (en) 2000-02-22

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US08/793,866 Expired - Fee Related US6027341A (en) 1994-09-22 1995-09-14 Dental cavity conditioning
US09/237,224 Expired - Fee Related US6197212B1 (en) 1994-09-22 1999-01-26 Kit for use in the conditioning of dental cavities

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US09/237,224 Expired - Fee Related US6197212B1 (en) 1994-09-22 1999-01-26 Kit for use in the conditioning of dental cavities

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US (2) US6027341A (de)
EP (1) EP0782432B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH10511638A (de)
AT (1) ATE238750T1 (de)
AU (1) AU688973B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2200859C (de)
DE (1) DE69530598D1 (de)
SE (1) SE503150C2 (de)
WO (1) WO1996009028A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102106786B (zh) * 2009-12-25 2012-12-19 远东新世纪股份有限公司 齿科酸蚀凝胶组合物及其使用方法
DE102021128685A1 (de) 2021-11-04 2023-05-04 Voco Gmbh Hochwirksames, kieselsäurefreies, lagerstabiles dentales Ätzgel

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE9701403D0 (sv) * 1997-04-16 1997-04-16 Leif Hagne Kombinerad etsgel och kariesdetetor
EP2437680B1 (de) 2009-06-03 2019-03-13 Straumann Holding AG Medizinisches reinigungsset
JP2013194003A (ja) * 2012-03-21 2013-09-30 Sun Medical Co Ltd 歯面処理材
DE102013204212A1 (de) * 2013-03-12 2014-10-02 Mühlbauer Technology Gmbh Verfahren und Kit zur Herstellung von Biomaterial zur Geweberegeneration
RU2683315C2 (ru) * 2014-07-10 2019-03-28 3М Инновейтив Пропертиз Компани Двухкомпонентный самоклеящийся стоматологический состав, способ его изготовления и применения

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4758163A (en) * 1983-10-19 1988-07-19 Trustees Of Tufts College Endodontic material and method
US4802950A (en) * 1988-04-12 1989-02-07 Croll Theodore P Enamel-bonding etchant and procedure
US4850872A (en) * 1983-10-19 1989-07-25 Melvin Goldman Dental restoration
US5348476A (en) * 1993-11-24 1994-09-20 Essential Dental Systems, Inc. System for fabrication of dental cast post and core using a burn-out post
US5401783A (en) * 1992-06-15 1995-03-28 American Dental Association Health Foundation Adhesion-promoting agents incorporating polyvalent cations

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4435380A (en) * 1982-01-29 1984-03-06 Lever Brothers Company Humectants for clear gel dentifrice compositions
US5425641A (en) * 1993-07-27 1995-06-20 Ultradent Products, Inc. Dental kit and process for sealing pits and fissures in enamel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4758163A (en) * 1983-10-19 1988-07-19 Trustees Of Tufts College Endodontic material and method
US4850872A (en) * 1983-10-19 1989-07-25 Melvin Goldman Dental restoration
US4802950A (en) * 1988-04-12 1989-02-07 Croll Theodore P Enamel-bonding etchant and procedure
US5401783A (en) * 1992-06-15 1995-03-28 American Dental Association Health Foundation Adhesion-promoting agents incorporating polyvalent cations
US5348476A (en) * 1993-11-24 1994-09-20 Essential Dental Systems, Inc. System for fabrication of dental cast post and core using a burn-out post

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"A Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation of Inner Carious Dentin After Cleansing and of the Dentin-Resin Interface", Zhizhong Cao et al., Quintessence International, vol. 23, No. 6, 1992, pp. 439-444.
"Smear Removal Agents: A Quantitative Study in Vivo and in Vitro", S.D. Meryon et al., Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, vol. 57, No. 2, Feb. 1987, pp. 174-179.
A Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation of Inner Carious Dentin After Cleansing and of the Dentin Resin Interface , Zhizhong Cao et al., Quintessence International , vol. 23, No. 6, 1992, pp. 439 444. *
Smear Removal Agents: A Quantitative Study in Vivo and in Vitro , S.D. Meryon et al., Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry , vol. 57, No. 2, Feb. 1987, pp. 174 179. *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102106786B (zh) * 2009-12-25 2012-12-19 远东新世纪股份有限公司 齿科酸蚀凝胶组合物及其使用方法
DE102021128685A1 (de) 2021-11-04 2023-05-04 Voco Gmbh Hochwirksames, kieselsäurefreies, lagerstabiles dentales Ätzgel
EP4176863A1 (de) 2021-11-04 2023-05-10 VOCO GmbH Hochwirksames, kieselsäurefreies, lagerstabiles dentales ätzgel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996009028A1 (en) 1996-03-28
CA2200859C (en) 2001-11-13
SE9403192L (sv) 1996-03-23
SE503150C2 (sv) 1996-04-01
AU688973B2 (en) 1998-03-19
SE9403192D0 (sv) 1994-09-22
ATE238750T1 (de) 2003-05-15
AU3580795A (en) 1996-04-09
DE69530598D1 (de) 2003-06-05
CA2200859A1 (en) 1996-03-28
US6197212B1 (en) 2001-03-06
EP0782432A1 (de) 1997-07-09
EP0782432B1 (de) 2003-05-02
JPH10511638A (ja) 1998-11-10

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