US7717032B2 - Linear actuation drive system for multi-unit fruit juice extraction machines - Google Patents

Linear actuation drive system for multi-unit fruit juice extraction machines Download PDF

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US7717032B2
US7717032B2 US11/052,578 US5257805A US7717032B2 US 7717032 B2 US7717032 B2 US 7717032B2 US 5257805 A US5257805 A US 5257805A US 7717032 B2 US7717032 B2 US 7717032B2
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transverse
peeler cups
cups
fruit
actuation bar
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US20050199138A1 (en
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Carlos Mendes Neto
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N1/00—Machines or apparatus for extracting juice
    • A23N1/003—Machines or apparatus for extracting juice especially for citrus fruits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J19/00—Household machines for straining foodstuffs; Household implements for mashing or straining foodstuffs
    • A47J19/02—Citrus fruit squeezers; Other fruit juice extracting devices

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  • the present patent of invention refers to “A LINEAR ACTUATION DRIVE SYSTEM FOR MULTI-UNIT FRUIT JUICE EXTRACTION MACHINES.
  • embodiments of the present invention have been developed to be used in equipment for extraction of juice from citrus fruit such as orange, tangelo, grapefruit, lemon, lime, tangerine, mekan, ponkan, and other non-citrus fruit of round and semi-spherical shapes.
  • an actuation system of the present invention is utilized to provide a reciprocating linear force obtained from a rotary motion sub-assembly.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are substantially compact, durable, simple, generate low noise, work smoothly without impact and have high efficiency, and in so operating reduce installed power needs and consequentially energy demands.
  • the present invention solves these problems by providing reliable apparatuses and methods that utilize an innovative drive system that converts rotary motion of co-rotating members, each having a post, to a reciprocating longitudinal motion of a driven transverse member, wherein each of posts transfers force to a slot (or a groove) in the transverse member, the slot (or groove) disposed transversely to an axis of reciprocating motion of the transverse member, so as to provide a desired reciprocating motion for a fruit juice extraction machine having a number of juicing units.
  • the core of the fruit now drained of its juice and in its dried state is then expelled by a plunger, returning in the direction of the opening of the filter, in a way that it is completely expelled, being forced to vertically fall, by action of gravity, into and between the peeler cups, and finally, falling into peel and core transport devices.
  • the present invention in embodiments described herein and as claimed below, utilizes an innovative drive mechanism for multi-unit fruit juice extraction machines to drive embodiments of the above-referenced fruit juice extraction invention.
  • the drive mechanism of the present invention may also be used for drive and force conversion applications that are independent of such fruit juice extraction machines, and, in other uses, that are unrelated to all types of fruit juice extraction machines.
  • the drive mechanism of the present invention may be viewed to have as one of its predecessors a drive mechanism known as a “Scotch Yoke.”
  • a Scotch Yoke device converts rotary movement from a single driving wheel to reciprocating movement of a driven shaft. This conversion of movement is achieved through a protruding pin or bearing from the wheel engaging a slot (or a groove) disposed transversely on the shaft, so that as the pin rotates it slides within the slot (or groove) and pushes the shaft forward and then backward, to create a reciprocating linear movement.
  • the present invention advances the art with a drive mechanism comprising two or more co-rotating driving members that, in various embodiments, provide for translation of rotary to linear reciprocating motion while providing reduced force imbalances due to sideways force vectors.
  • the present invention maintains the primary characteristics of the original patents, nevertheless, in embodiments such as disclosed herein it provides a linear actuation of the moveable peeler cup(s), and plunger(s), through the transformation of circular motion, such as, for example (not to be limiting) generated by a gearmotor assembly, into linear motion, thanks to a transmission assembly formed by pulleys, that through a belt and/or chain drive, transmit force to gears that are placed on top of the pulleys, attached to cam followers installed at the perimeter of said gears, which in turn are inserted into a groove of a transverse grooved member to which are attached actuation rods, linked to the aforementioned peeler cups and plungers, being that the use of the drive conversion mechanism of the present invention provides for an improvement in the cost/benefit relationship of any such equipment that may come to utilize it, due to the fact that this system is substantially compact, durable, simple, generates low noise, works smoothly without impacts and has nigh efficiency, and in so doing reduces installed power needs and consequentially energy
  • this actuation system applied to citrus juice extraction machines provides, beyond the advantages above mentioned, the following additional benefits: significant economy of space, low degree of complexity as well as energy consumption and operating time, lower production and maintenance costs, as well as less time required for cleaning, lower labor costs, reducing the number of parts, etc., in a manner as to obtain simplicity and efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 A perspective view of one embodiment of the actuation system of the present invention, showing the gearmotor, the transmission assembly comprised of preferentially pulleys and belts, gears, cam followers, the transverse actuating bar and attached actuation rods that transmit motion to the moveable parts;
  • FIG. 2 An exploded perspective view of the actuation system embodiment of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 A longitudinal cross section view of the actuation system embodiment of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 A rear view of the actuation system embodiment of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 5 A cross sectional top view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention showing the peeler cups in the totally closed position;
  • FIG. 6 A cross sectional top view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention showing the peeler cups in an intermediate position;
  • FIG. 7 A cross sectional top view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention showing the peeler cups in the totally open position.
  • FIG. 8 A perspective view of an embodiment in which the transverse member does not have a groove in which force-transfer posts travel.
  • FIG. 9 An overhead view of the embodiment depicted in FIG. 8 .
  • a motor drive type of power source here represented by a gearmotor assembly ( 1 ) that drives a transmission assembly ( 2 ) comprised of two pulleys ( 3 A, a drive pulley, and 3 B, a driven pulley), and a belt ( 4 ), which can be a chain or other transmission element, being that the drive pulley ( 3 A) is solidly attached to the end of the output shaft ( 5 ) of gearmotor ( 1 ), of smaller diameter than the driven pulley ( 3 B), which is slaved to the first, and solidly affixed to a drive gear ( 6 ), positioned on top of slaved, driven pulley ( 3 B), by which in its geared action drives a second, driven gear ( 7 ), in a manner as to synchronize the rotation of these two gears ( 6 and 7 ).
  • the synchronized rotation of the two gears ( 6 ) and ( 7 ) causes the coordinated dislocation of two drive cam followers ( 8 ), each said drive cam follower being positioned proximate to the respective perimeter of one of the two gears ( 6 ) and ( 7 ), in a manner to permit their movement inside a groove ( 9 ) disposed in a transverse actuation bar ( 10 ).
  • the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ) is connected to two drive rods ( 11 ), such as by, as shown here, direct attachment to the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ).
  • the two drive rods ( 11 ) are linked to the moveable parts of the juice extractor equipment, here being attached to drive a plurality of moveable peeler cups ( 12 ) that are affixed to a transverse plate ( 30 ) (viewable in FIGS. 3 and 5 - 7 ), so as to generate the movement of linear advance and return.
  • the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ) also has guide orifices ( 13 ) at its lateral extremities, linked to two lateral rods ( 14 ) so that the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ) slides along and is stabilized during its reciprocating motion by sliding along the two lateral rods ( 14 ). This is best depicted by comparison of FIGS. 5-7 .
  • the sliding engagement of the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ) with the two lateral rods ( 14 ) via the guide orifices ( 13 ) not only reduces vectorial forces due to the dislocation of the said bar ( 10 ), but cause the movement of plungers ( 15 ) in the direction to expel the cores of fruits from inside the filtering elements ( 16 ).
  • the drive cam followers ( 8 ) attached to the two gears ( 6 and 7 ), strategically placed, with the circular motion of said gears ( 6 and 7 ), describe a longitudinal movement along the groove ( 9 ) of the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ), in a manner as to force said bar into a linear motion of advance and return, orthogonally to the linear motion of the drive cam followers ( 8 ), the movement of which is directly proportional to the distal distance in relation to the axes of gears ( 6 and 7 ), in a manner that this movement is transmitted to the moveable parts of the equipment, which are affixed, by means of drive rods ( 11 ) attached to the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ), as well as the lateral rods ( 14 ), linked to plungers ( 15 ).
  • a spring is connected to each of the lateral rods ( 14 ) so as to return the plungers ( 15 ) to their outmost position (relative to their respective filtering elements ( 16 )) when the force-receiving ends ( 32 ) of the lateral rods ( 14 ) are no longer being moved by the lateral ends ( 34 ) of the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ).
  • the return may be effectuated by one or more springs that are compressed during the movement of the respective plungers into the respective filtering devices, and/or by one or more springs that are tensioned during the movement of the respective plungers into the respective filtering devices.
  • Other means of return, other than a spring may alternatively be employed for this purpose.
  • a juice extraction machine comprised of three matched pairs of conical peeler cups, being three fixed and three movable, where for each fixed peeler cup there is a corresponding movable peeler cup. All three fixed peeler cups are affixed to the basic structure (i.e., chassis) of the machine and the three movable peeler cups are affixed to a movable support which in turn is driven by a drive mechanism as described herein, that directs, in iterative cycles, the three concave movable peeler cups to advance toward and return from the three fixed peeler cups.
  • a respective fruit falls into respective radially slit concave chambers formed by the joining of the concave fixed peeler cups with each of their respective movable peeler cups (each fixed and moveable cup comprising a plurality of outwardly extending blades emanating from a central structure, with some elongated blades extending sufficiently to hold the respective fruit in the respective chamber).
  • the movable peeler cups close upon the respective fruit, now inside the chambers, cutting the peel of the fruit to initiate the peeling process, and continuing on the cycle of juice production by the introduction of the internal fruit core and pulp, containing the juice, into three respective filtering devices (respectively positioned centrally in each of the fixed peeler cups). Pressure from the continued closing of the peeler cups forces juice from each fruit, being compressed, through the respective filtering device, and then to collection and storage components.
  • the blades of the matched fixed and movable peeler cups cooperatively intermesh as the movable peeler cup advances to the fixed peeler cup during the extraction stroke of the juicing cycle.
  • This cooperative intermeshing provides for the peeling of the fruit.
  • the peeling activity of the blades is about twenty percent completed when sufficient fruit is compressed into the filtering device to result in the beginning of the juicing of the fruit.
  • peeling and juicing occur concurrently, and thereafter, toward the latter 20-30 percent of the juicing period for that fruit, the peeling has ceased and only the juicing occurs.
  • the peeling starts before the juicing starts, then both peeling and juicing occur simultaneously, and toward the end of the compression part of the juice extraction cycle, only juicing occurs.
  • components of the present invention are affixed at various points to a chassis ( 36 ) to provide structural support.
  • the chassis ( 36 ) typically is made of iron or steel, and is positioned at a desired location relative to the fruit distribution system, on the floor ( 38 ) of a fruit juicing facility.
  • appropriate attachment of moving and non-moving components to the chassis ( 36 ), and of the chassis ( 36 ) to the floor ( 38 ) stabilizes the equipment and dampens vibration.
  • a co-rotating member may be a wheel, disc, a solid in the shape of an octagon (or other polygon of even or uneven side lengths), or an ellipse (such as a cam-shaped body).
  • Each co-rotating member has a first and a second surface (i.e., the top and the bottom surfaces of gears ( 6 ) and ( 7 )), a perimeter (i.e., an outer edge), an axis about which it rotates, and a protruding object defined herein as a “force-transfer post.”
  • a force-transfer post may extend from any part of the co-rotating member, such as from one of the first or second surfaces of a co-rotating member, and protrudes sufficiently to engage and drive a transverse grooved member.
  • the drive cam followers ( 8 ) provide one example of force-+transfer posts
  • the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ) provides one example of a transverse grooved member.
  • a transverse grooved member may be connected directly or indirectly to a first set of peeler cups, wherein this first set of peeler cups and a second set of peeler cups are matched so the respective blades of the respective opposing peeler cups intermesh, and engage in a back and forth, reciprocating motion in relation to one another, wherein the driving force for this motion is transferred through the transverse grooved member.
  • the first set of peeler cups may be moveable
  • the second set of peeler cups may be fixed, such as to one end of a chassis
  • the transverse grooved member may be directly attached to each peeler cup of the first set of peeler cups.
  • the transverse grooved member (and/or other components, such as the force-transfer posts) would need to have a geometry so that the co-rotating members would not hit the co-rotating members during rotation when the force-transfer posts are toward or at their extreme position away from these peeler cups.
  • the transverse grooved member is connected to the first set of peeler cups via two drive rods (such as drive rods ( 11 ) in FIGS. 1-7 ) that in turn connect to a first member to which are affixed the first set of peeler cups.
  • two drive rods while shown in the above-described embodiment, is not meant to be limiting.
  • the number of cups in a set of matched opposing peeler cups is not meant to be limited to three. For example, a set of five or six peeler cups may be assembled on a first member that is driven from and connect to the transverse grooved member by two rods, or by three rods.
  • Embodiments such as the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 1-7 which utilize as co-rotating members intermeshing gears (or other synchronized rotating members) that rotate in opposite directions (i.e., counter-rotating gears), have been found to allow substantially greater speeds of operation than other approaches to drive conversion (such as, for example, not to be limiting, a Scotch Yoke).
  • Such embodiments provide a compact mechanism for conversion of rotary movement to reciprocating linear movement without the inherent force imbalances of Scotch Yokes and simple cranks, nor the number of parts subject to wear and vibration in various straight-line generators.
  • a small, single unit juice extraction device may operate at a production rate of about 22-25 fruits squeezed per minute.
  • a simple crank drive mechanism There is some force imbalance using a simple crank drive mechanism, but this is not problematic at such speeds.
  • this speed range is not considered commercially viable for large-scale commercial juicing, and it has been determined that a simple crank does not provide smooth, reliable operation at substantially higher speeds.
  • the process of juicing citrus fruit using such drive mechanism having counter-rotating gears squeezes fruit at a rate of about 30 fruits per minute per pair of opposing matched peeler cups.
  • the production rate using such drive mechanism having counter-rotating gears is about 45 fruits per minute per pair of opposing matched peeler cups.
  • the production rate using such drive mechanism having counter-rotating gears is at least about 60 fruits per minute per pair of opposing matched peeler cups.
  • the method of fruit juicing proceeds at between about 60 and about 120 fruits per minute per pair of opposing matched peeler cups. It is appreciated that such rates and rate ranges may alternatively be expressed as cycles per minute, instead of fruits per minute per pair of opposing peeler cups.
  • the method may be operated wherein said specified speed exceeds about 45 cycles per minute, wherein said specified speed exceeds about 60 cycles per minute, or wherein said specified speed is between about 60 and about 120 cycles per minute.
  • the protruding force-transfer posts may be cam followers having two ends, one end attached to the respective co-rotating member, the other end having bearings (such as but not limited to roller bearings) the outer surface of which slidably fits into the groove, so that the bearing reduces friction as the cam follower travels laterally within the groove.
  • bearings such as but not limited to roller bearings
  • Other designs of protruding force-transfer posts may be utilized, such as those having bushings, low-friction surfaces that slidably engage the groove, and the like.
  • the force-transfer posts are aligned to synchronously contact the transverse member. That is, each such post is aligned with the other posts along a single moving line (transverse to the axis of linear reciprocating motion of the transverse member) so that the force they exert against the transverse member is substantially uniform. That is, in such embodiments, there is a coordinated synchronous rotating motion of the co-rotating members such that their respective force-transfer posts exert force substantially uniformly against the transverse member.
  • the force-transfer posts engage the groove in a synchronous manner. This occurs when the co-rotating members are synchronous. Additionally, when a pair (or other even multiple) of co-rotating members are counter-rotating with respect to one another (or of each adjacent member of a respective pair), and operate at described above synchronously as to the alignment and movement of the force-transfer posts, there is an increased performance that is related to consequent decreased force imbalance.
  • two pairs of synchronized, counter-rotating members may engage to drive a laterally wide transverse grooved member that has a groove to receive the force-transfer posts of one such pair at one end, and a second groove at the other end to receive the force-transfer posts of the other such pair.
  • Such a transverse grooved member may drive a relatively larger number of moveable peeler cups, for instance 6-12 moveable peeler cups.
  • Embodiments of the method may utilize a multi-head fruit extraction device that comprises a driven transverse member that additionally comprises two guide orifices that slidingly engage respective lateral rods.
  • a driven transverse member that additionally comprises two guide orifices that slidingly engage respective lateral rods.
  • Such arrangement dampens vibration from non-reciprocating motion force vectors, and may additionally be connected to the set of plungers, to drive each respective plunger in its respective movement through a respective filter device to push compressed fruit from said filter device.
  • the movement of the plungers is provided by the same power source that drives the reciprocating motion of the opposing sets of peeler cups, or by a different source and drive linkage, it is noted that the distance of travel of the plungers need not be the same distance of travel of the reciprocating motion of the opposing sets of peeler cups.
  • a moveable set of peeler cups moves back and forth (i.e., away and toward) a total distance of about 200 millimeters (“mm”), whereas the plungers of such embodiment move a total distance, into and back out of the respective filter devices, of about 140 mm.
  • mm millimeters
  • This example is not meant to be limiting, as embodiments may be designed and fabricated in which the total distance moved by the plungers is equivalent to, or is greater than, the total distance of relative movement between the opposing sets of peeler cups.
  • the groove of a transverse grooved member may be a groove that does not extend entirely through the thickness of the member, or, in embodiments such as depicted in FIGS. 1-7 above, the groove is comprised of a slot that extends entirely through the thickness of the member.
  • the latter form of a groove is believed to have superior reliability, as it allows a larger portion of a protruding force-transfer post (such as a cam follower) to engage with and transfer force to the transverse grooved member.
  • a protruding force-transfer post such as a cam follower
  • the groove in the transverse grooved member one example of which is the transverse actuation bar ( 10 ) of FIGS. 1-7
  • the groove in the transverse grooved member can be formed entirely through the thickness of the member (as a slot), or it may enter only part way through such thickness.
  • transverse member ( 18 ) receives force along one side, not in a groove, from the two cam followers ( 8 ), which are connected to two adjacent co-rotating members ( 6 and 7 ).
  • Tension springs ( 17 ) (one end of each being attached to a part of a chassis ( 36 )) provide force for the return stroke of the linear back and forth motion of the transverse member ( 18 ), and, consequently, other moveable components attached thereto via drive rods ( 11 ).
  • transverse grooved member a transverse member that does not have a groove may be configured to communicate directly with a set of peeler cups, rather than through one or more drive rods or other connecting means.
  • a transverse member may be directly attached to each peeler cup of a first set of moveable peeler cups.
  • Embodiments of the present invention include embodiments in which there are two co-rotating members that rotate in opposing directions, such as depicted in the co-rotating gear members of FIGS. 1-7 .
  • two co-rotating members may rotate in the same direction. In such embodiments they would not be directly connected by meshing gear teeth along their respective perimeters, but would be driven by other means.
  • a single gear may be disposed between two co-rotating gear members, transferring rotational force from one driving co-rotating gear to a second driven co-rotating gear, and resulting in rotation of these two rotating gear members in the same direction. While such non-opposing motion may require stronger and/or longer bushings or other means to counter a tendency for sideways motion (i.e., bushings in lateral guide orifices or the like), such embodiments fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • any of a range of other approaches to providing synchronized rotation of the co-rotating members may be utilized.
  • chains, belts, slotted or grooved belts, direct motor drive, a geared step-down transmission, a geared step-up transmission, a single gear directly driving two co-rotating members (i.e., disposed between them), and so forth may be employed.
  • all such means are considered and referred to herein as “means for transmitting,” and “means for transmitting rotating motion,” and are among the known available alternatives for the step of transmitting rotating motion in methods of the present invention.
  • any power source may provide a rotating energy to drive the mechanism, and there may be employed any type of direct connection, or reduction or magnification of rotational speed, as are known to those skilled in the art.
  • a power source may be a direct drive electric motor, an electric motor with a geared transmission to decrease or increase the revolutions per minute, a hydraulic drive unit (e.g., from a hydraulic power plant), a pneumatic drive unit (e.g., from a pneumatic power plant), and a non-electric motor mechanical source of rotational power (such as from a kinetic-based source, e.g., water power, wind power, and the like).
  • any number of and arrangements of connectors may be utilized to connect the transverse grooved member to any one of the moveable components of the juice extraction machine.
  • one or more rods, bars, beams, pipes, or connecting arms may be utilized for such connecting.
  • these elements are termed “primary connecting elements,” also are included in the term “means for connecting,” and are among the known available alternatives for the step of connecting in methods of the present invention.
  • secondary connecting elements For elements connecting to one or more plungers, either directly from the transverse grooved member or indirectly, such as from one or more primary connecting elements, these elements are termed “secondary connecting elements.” For some embodiments, such elements also are included in the term “means for connecting,” and are among the known available alternatives for the step of connecting in methods of the present invention.
  • secondary drive transfer elements that may be connected directly or indirectly to the transverse grooved member, moveable components of a juice extraction machine are driven in a coordinated fashion to achieve a desired coordinated motion of respective moveable components (i.e., moveable peeler cups, plungers) for a repetitive (i.e., iterative) juicing cycle.
  • a fruit juicer of the present invention may be described as comprising:
  • the second co-rotating member is adapted to rotate in an opposite direction of the first co-rotating member.
  • the above-described fruit juicer may additionally comprise a means for transmitting between the means for powering and the at least one of the first co-rotating member and the second co-rotating member.
  • the means for connecting comprises both primary connecting elements and secondary connecting elements engaged to provide coordinated reciprocation of moveable peeler cups and plungers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
US11/052,578 2004-02-09 2005-02-07 Linear actuation drive system for multi-unit fruit juice extraction machines Expired - Fee Related US7717032B2 (en)

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BRPI0400635-6 2004-02-09
BR0400635 2004-02-09
BRPI0400635-6A BRPI0400635B1 (pt) 2004-02-09 2004-02-09 Sistema de acionamento linear a partir da conversão de movimento circular conjugado em linear, aplicado a máquinas de extração de suco cítrico e outros equipamentos

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AR (1) AR050978A1 (pt)
AT (1) ATE408359T1 (pt)
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US10729165B2 (en) 2014-04-22 2020-08-04 Carlos Neto Mendes Juice extraction machine

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10729165B2 (en) 2014-04-22 2020-08-04 Carlos Neto Mendes Juice extraction machine
US20180206449A1 (en) * 2016-01-22 2018-07-26 Weijian Zhang Automatic dog washing machine
US10405518B2 (en) * 2016-01-22 2019-09-10 Weijian Zhang Automatic dog washing machine

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DE602005009810D1 (de) 2008-10-30
BRPI0400635C1 (pt) 2005-10-11
AU2005211138B2 (en) 2009-04-23
WO2005074765A1 (en) 2005-08-18
AR050978A1 (es) 2006-12-13
BRPI0400635A (pt) 2004-10-26
CR8538A (es) 2007-02-07
EP1732419A1 (en) 2006-12-20
EP1732419B1 (en) 2008-09-17
US20050199138A1 (en) 2005-09-15

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