WO1992019018A1 - Resonateur piezoelectrique - Google Patents

Resonateur piezoelectrique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992019018A1
WO1992019018A1 PCT/US1991/004034 US9104034W WO9219018A1 WO 1992019018 A1 WO1992019018 A1 WO 1992019018A1 US 9104034 W US9104034 W US 9104034W WO 9219018 A1 WO9219018 A1 WO 9219018A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
armature
spring members
coupled
vibrator
planar spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1991/004034
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Charles W. Mooney
Erving H. Holden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motorola Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Motorola Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motorola Inc filed Critical Motorola Inc
Publication of WO1992019018A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992019018A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B6/00—Tactile signalling systems, e.g. tactile personal calling systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • H04R17/10—Resonant transducers, i.e. adapted to produce maximum output at a predetermined frequency

Definitions

  • This invention relates in general to the field of vibrators, and more particularly to piezo-electric resonant vibrator motors for selective call receivers that provide a tactile (sensory) response to indicate a received message.
  • Selective call receivers typically alert a user of a received message by producing an audio alerting signal.
  • the audio signal may be disruptive in various environments, and therefore, vibrators have been utilized to provide a "silent" alerting signal.
  • a conventional vibrator motor 100 comprises a 'cylindrical body 102, a longitudinal, rotating shaft 104, and an unbalanced, rotating counterweight 106.
  • the cylindrical body 102 is held in place on a printed circuit board 108 by motor bracket 110.
  • the counterweight 106 is attached to the protruding end of the shaft 104 on the vibrator motor 100.
  • the motor 100 is energized by a power source causing the shaft 104 and the counterweight 106 to rotate, resulting in the motor 100 vibrating and, consequently, the selective call receiver vibrating, thereby alerting the user.
  • the vibrator motor has become one of the largest components in silent alert type pagers. It is, therefore, difficult to realize further reductions in the size of a silent alert pager unless the vibrator motor itself is reduced in size. However, it is important that the vibration level not be significantly reduced, since this would defeat the advantage of size reduction if the tactile operation was ineffective. Thus, what is needed is a miniaturized vibrator suitable for use in a selective call receiver for generating a tactile alert.
  • an apparatus for effecting a vibrating motion comprising a resonant armature including a plurality of planar spring members which are coupled centrally therewith and further detachably coupled to a perimetric rim.
  • the planar spring members provide a restoring force normal to the movement of the armature.
  • a weight is centrally coupled to the armature.
  • a housing encloses and supports the armature.
  • a piezo-electric actuator is coupled to the planar spring members for inducing movement of the armature at a predetermined resonant frequency which is established when the rim is detached from said planar spring members.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional vibrator attached to a printed circuit board.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a selective call receiver in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a top view of an armature in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a top view of the armature of FIG. 3A positioned within a housing in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a cross sectional view taken along line X-X of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4B is a cross sectional view taken along section A-A of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary side view of the armature in a vibratory motion.
  • a selective call receiver e.g., a pager
  • the alert is presented via one of a plurality of output devices 206, 208, and 212, such as, but not limited to, an audible alerting device (e.g., beep or tone) 212, a tactile alerting device (i.e. message indicator) 206, and a visual alerting device 208.
  • the alert may be presented in response to selection of a user control 210 (e.g., pushing a button or moving a slide switch) .
  • This basic function of a selective call receiver is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • an armature 2 manufactured in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a substantially circular body section,or rim, 4 including positioning tabs 60, 62, 64 and 66, and mounting tabs 86, 88, 90 and 92 contiguously attached thereto.
  • Curved, substantially planar springs 50, 52, 54, and 56 are integrally positioned therein, and having first portions contiguous to the mounting tabs 88, 90, 92 and 86, respectively, and a second portion contiguous with an optional etched surface 42, having an opening 44.
  • the armature 2 is preferably manufactured from a single piece of sheet metal, which may be chemically etched, or stamped, using known techniques to form the following configuration in the preferred embodiment .
  • Each of the springs 50, 52, 54, and 56 comprise two substantially semicircular members 6 and 8, 10 and 12, 14 and 16, and 18 and 20, respectively.
  • the springs 50, 52, 54, and 56 are formed having substantially circular openings 22, 24, 26, and 28 and curved openings 30, 32, 34, and 36, respectively.
  • the sheet metal material thickness is preferably reduced, such as by stamping, etching, or other suitable means, to facilitate separation of the rim 4 from the positioning tabs 60, 62, 64 and 66, and mounting tabs 86, 88, 90 and 92, as will be described in detail below.
  • the armature 2 is made of international nickel alloy 902, or equivalent, which has been preferably heat treated to achieve a tensile strength of 190,000 p.s.i.
  • the springs 50, 52, 54, and 56 are formed from a .004 inch thick sheet metal, which may be chemically etched to a membrane thickness of typically 0.003 inches or less depending upon the resonant frequency of vibration. This material is preferably a constant modulus alloy so as to reduce temperature induced frequency changes and force impulse changes.
  • the preferred design of the armature 2 provides a linear spring rate due to the elastic bending of the members 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20.
  • Final frequency tuning is preferably accomplished by adjusting the inside edges of the springs 50, 52, 54, and 56 by any suitable etching, trimming, or grinding process known in the art.
  • the substantially circular ring geometry makes it possible to elongate each of the members 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 (by approximately 0.0015 inches) without exceeding the required maximum fatigue stress level (30,000 psi) for the material selected in the preferred embodiment. It will be appreciated that ring geometries other than circular can be utilized as well to form the spring members. It should be understood that the shapes and dimensions may vary without deviating from the intent of the invention.
  • the unique feature of the restoring force and spring force, of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is that it is generated from the plane of the axes X-X and Y-Y (FIG. 3), which are 90° out of phase with the operational mode of the axis Z-Z.
  • the force is balanced equally by the position of the mounting tabs 86, 88, 90 and 92 along the outer diameter of the armature 2 supporting structure.
  • the tactile alerting device 206 of FIG. 2, manufactured using the armature 2 provides a linear spring rate in the axis Z-Z which is accomplished by the elastic bending of the outside edges of springs 50, 52, 54, and 56 due to tension in the armature 2 in the plane of the axes X-X and Y-Y (FIG. 3A) during the operational mode of the axis Z-Z. This makes the frequency of response independent of the amplitude of deflection and the driving signal.
  • the tactile alerting device 206 manufactured using the armature 2 also provides a frequency of response that is independent of the mass of the pager, or device in which the vibrator is operated. Therefore, the present invention provides a more efficient tactile vibrator, requiring less power than the conventional cylindrical housing vibrator while producing a similar sensory level of vibration.
  • FIG. 3B is a top view of the armature of FIG. 3A positioned within a lower housing section 622 in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the weight 604 is first attached to the armature 2 as described below, followed by attaching the piezo-electric driver mechanism 602 to mounting tabs 86, 88, 90 and 92. and to positioning tabs 60, 62, 64 and 66, after which the rim 4 is detached from the armature 2, leaving stubs (the size of which are shown exaggerated) at locations 82 and 84.
  • the armature 2 with weight and piezo-electric driver mechanism 602 is preferably placed in a fixture which allows detachment of the rim by such methods as shearing, flexing, or other suitable means.
  • the armature 2 is then located within the lower housing section 622 using positioning tabs 60, 62, 64 and 66 which are positioned on mounting bosses 72, 76, 78 and 74, respectively.
  • a weight 604 is attached to the center of the armature, as will be described below. Electrical contact to the vibrator is provided by conductors 80 and 80', as will be further described in detail below.
  • the tactile alert device 206 preferably comprises the armature 2, positioned within a housing 614 and coupled substantially around the perimeter of the armature 2 to the housing 614 at positioning tabs 60, 62, 64 and 66, as described above.
  • the housing 614 comprises the lower housing section 622 and an upper housing section 624, both of which are formed using suitable means, such as molding, from a non-magnetic material, such as ZytelTM 71633L, or other suitable material.
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the piezo-electric driver mechanism 602 which is formed as a circular ring from a piezo-electric material such as B2023 ceramic material manufactured by the NTK Corporation for vibrating the tactile alert device 206.
  • At least one piezo-ceramic ring 602 is coupled to the armature 2, and as shown in the preferred embodiment, a pair of circular rings are affixed to the top and bottom of the armature 2.
  • the piezo-ceramic rings 602 are metallized on the top and bottom surfaces to provide attachment to the perimeter of the armature 2 at mounting tabs 86, 88, 90 and 92. and to positioning tabs 60, 62, 64 and 66 using a high Q mechanical adhesive, such as Armstrong 702.
  • the armature 2 is coupled to a member (i.e.
  • weight 604 having an upper portion 606 and a lower portion 608, which are preferably constructed of a non-magnetic, high density metal, such as Kennertium W-2 which is tungsten based, or equivalent.
  • the upper portion 606 and the lower portion 608 of the weight 604 engage through the opening 44 in the armature 2 (FIG. 3A) .
  • the weight 604 is attached to the armature 2 using a solder, such as All-State #509 or equivalent material, such as an epoxy adhesive.
  • the armature 2 is positioned within the upper housing section 624, and the lower housing section 622 at four points 60, 62, 64, and 66 (one of which is depicted in FIG. 4B) .
  • This arrangement of the armature 2 and the housing 614 allows the armature 2 to more freely expand in size along the axis X-X and Y-Y, in response to a force applied outwardly around the perimeter of the armature 2 by the piezo-electric driver mechanism 602.
  • the 5 armature 2 returns to its original dimensions when the force is removed.
  • the lower portion 608 of the weight 604 is also coupled to a magnet 610.
  • the magnet 610 attracts a fixed metal shield 612 which is affixed to the lower housing section 622 using a solder, such as All-State #509
  • an alternating voltage is applied to the piezo-ceramic rings 602 through conductor 80 which is coupled to the armature 2, and through conductor 80' which is coupled to
  • Conductors 80 and 80' are preferably soldered using a low temperature solder, such as All-State #509 or equivalent, " to the armature 2 and the 0 piezo-ceramic rings 602.
  • the induced movement in the armature 2 is along the axis X-X and Y-Y (FIG. 3A) .
  • the resulting movement of the weight 604 is along the axis Z-Z.
  • the magnetic force between the magnet 610 and the shield 612 maintains tension on the armature 2 while the piezo- 5 ceramic ring 602 expands and returns.
  • the piezo-electric mechanism 602 comprises an actuator for causing the weight 604 to move in response to the alternating voltage applied to the piezo-ceramic ring 602.
  • the weight 604 and the armature 2 are mechanically 0 tuned to naturally resonate at a sub-audible frequency of approximately 70 Hz.
  • the armature 2 is coupled to the housing 614 for transferring movement of the weight 604 to the housing 614 to generate a tactile alert. Since 70 Hz comprises a sub-audible frequency, no substantial audible 5 sound will be heard. Therefore, the present invention provides a tactile alert by generation of a sub-audible signal.
  • the energy required to move the armature 2 and weight 604 is substantially reduced, as compared to a rotating motor driven weight, which increases the selective call receiver's battery life.
  • a maximum amplitude and impulse is provided at a relatively small power consumption. This is due chiefly to the restoring force created by tension in the springs 50, 52, 54, and 56 as each member 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 of the springs 50, 52, 54, and 56, extends (approximately 0.0015 inches) .
  • the restoring force is balanced along the perimeter of the armature 2 by the piezo-electric driver element 602 at mounting tabs 86, 88, 90 and 92, which is also coupled to the housing 614 at positioning tabs 60, 62, 64 and 66.
  • the driving force (unbalanced) is in the axis Z-Z and is typically 10% of the balanced restoring force, which is in the axis X-X and Y-Y. Therefore, the system uses approximately 10% of the stored energy to move the message indicator 206 (and thus the selective call receiver) each cycle, which increases the system's battery life.
  • the indicator 206 generates an impulse toward the user in one direction as compared to the prior art motor 100 which generates an impulse in all radial directions within the plane of rotational motion of the external unbalanced counterweight 106. Therefore, much of the force generated by contemporary motors 100 are not felt in a tactile sense by the user. However, an equivalent tactile sensory response is obtained by the present invention while using less power and space than the conventional motor 100.
  • the armature 2 is in its stationary (equilibrium) position within message indicator 206 with a mass 500 comprised of the weight 604, and the magnet 610.
  • the armature 2 is held substantially rigid to the housing 614 along the p e imeter.
  • the indicator 206 begins to vibrate, the armature 2 and mass 500 will move from its stationary position, along axis Z-Z, to its maximum amplitude as represented by armature 2' and mass 500'.
  • the armature 2' and mass 500' will oscillate to the opposed extreme as represented by armature 2'' and mass 500'*. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, these oscillations produce the tactile alert at the frequency of approximately 70 Hz.
  • One advantage of the tactile alerting device 206 is that it generates an impulse toward the user in one direction while the conventional cylindrical motor 100 generates an impulse in all directions; therefore, much of the force generated by the motor 100 is not felt. An equivalent tactile sensory response is then obtained using the tactile alerting device 206 while using less power and space than the conventional motor 100.
  • the gravity effect of the tactile alerting device 206 is relatively small as compared to the conventional motor 100 since the armature 2 is balanced whereas the conventional motor 100 utilizes an unbalanced counterweight 106.
  • the gravity effect on the conventional motor is then dependent on the relationship between the shaft 104 and the unbalanced counterweight 106. Therefore, a further advantage of the tactile alerting device 206 is that the gravity effect will result in a smaller reduction in impulse force than the conventional motor 100 due to the resonant nature of the system. What is claimed is:

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

Résonateur piézoélectrique (206) comportant un induit résonnant (2) comprenant une pluralité d'éléments élastiques plans (22, 24, 26, 28) couplés en son centre et également couplés détachablement à un rebord périmétrique (4). Les éléments élastiques plans (22, 24, 26, 28) fournissent une force de rappel normale au déplacement de l'induit (2). Un poids (604) est couplé au centre de l'induit (2). Un boîtier (622, 624) contient et porte l'induit (2). Un actionneur piézoélectrique (602) est couplé aux éléments élastiques plans (22, 24, 26, 28) pour entraîner le déplacement de l'induit (2) à une fréquence prédéterminée de résonance établie lorsque le rebord (4) se sépare desdits éléments élastiques plans (22, 24, 26, 28).
PCT/US1991/004034 1991-04-17 1991-06-07 Resonateur piezoelectrique Ceased WO1992019018A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US51498191A 1991-04-17 1991-04-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992019018A1 true WO1992019018A1 (fr) 1992-10-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1991/004034 Ceased WO1992019018A1 (fr) 1991-04-17 1991-06-07 Resonateur piezoelectrique

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO1992019018A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0845920A3 (fr) * 1996-11-29 1999-05-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Transducteur électromécanique et acoustique pour un terminal portable
WO2002073799A1 (fr) * 2001-03-13 2002-09-19 Chung, Hai, Sang Vibreur piezo-electrique
WO2005087392A1 (fr) * 2004-03-04 2005-09-22 Immersion Corporation Dispositifs haptiques ayant de multiples modes de fonctionnement comprenant au moins un mode resonant
US7161580B2 (en) 2002-04-25 2007-01-09 Immersion Corporation Haptic feedback using rotary harmonic moving mass

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1882394A (en) * 1928-03-23 1932-10-11 Pierce George Washington Magnetostrictive vibrator
CA855821A (en) * 1970-11-10 H. Macblane James Electric magnetic vibrator
US4132910A (en) * 1976-11-11 1979-01-02 Muanyagipari Kutato Intezet Linearly moving or rotated flat armature for motor and pulling magnets
US4439640A (en) * 1981-01-05 1984-03-27 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric loudspeaker
US4491759A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-01-01 Mtu Motoren-Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh Piezoelectric vibration exciter, especially for destructive material testing
US4720710A (en) * 1982-06-18 1988-01-19 Nec Corporation Paging receiver having a plurality of test modes
US4918438A (en) * 1986-05-30 1990-04-17 Nec Corporation Paging receiver having audible and vibrator annunciating means
US5008580A (en) * 1988-02-03 1991-04-16 Yoshida Kogyo K. K. Piezoelectric vibration generator and vibratory parts feeder incorporating the same
US5023504A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-06-11 Motorola, Inc. Piezo-electric resonant vibrator for selective call receiver
US5063321A (en) * 1988-02-24 1991-11-05 Teldix Gmbh Torsional vibration drive

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA855821A (en) * 1970-11-10 H. Macblane James Electric magnetic vibrator
US1882394A (en) * 1928-03-23 1932-10-11 Pierce George Washington Magnetostrictive vibrator
US4132910A (en) * 1976-11-11 1979-01-02 Muanyagipari Kutato Intezet Linearly moving or rotated flat armature for motor and pulling magnets
US4439640A (en) * 1981-01-05 1984-03-27 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric loudspeaker
US4720710A (en) * 1982-06-18 1988-01-19 Nec Corporation Paging receiver having a plurality of test modes
US4491759A (en) * 1983-03-14 1985-01-01 Mtu Motoren-Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh Piezoelectric vibration exciter, especially for destructive material testing
US4918438A (en) * 1986-05-30 1990-04-17 Nec Corporation Paging receiver having audible and vibrator annunciating means
US5008580A (en) * 1988-02-03 1991-04-16 Yoshida Kogyo K. K. Piezoelectric vibration generator and vibratory parts feeder incorporating the same
US5063321A (en) * 1988-02-24 1991-11-05 Teldix Gmbh Torsional vibration drive
US5023504A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-06-11 Motorola, Inc. Piezo-electric resonant vibrator for selective call receiver

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0845920A3 (fr) * 1996-11-29 1999-05-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Transducteur électromécanique et acoustique pour un terminal portable
US6208237B1 (en) 1996-11-29 2001-03-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd. Electro-mechanical and acoustic transducer for portable terminal unit
WO2002073799A1 (fr) * 2001-03-13 2002-09-19 Chung, Hai, Sang Vibreur piezo-electrique
US7161580B2 (en) 2002-04-25 2007-01-09 Immersion Corporation Haptic feedback using rotary harmonic moving mass
US7369115B2 (en) 2002-04-25 2008-05-06 Immersion Corporation Haptic devices having multiple operational modes including at least one resonant mode
WO2005087392A1 (fr) * 2004-03-04 2005-09-22 Immersion Corporation Dispositifs haptiques ayant de multiples modes de fonctionnement comprenant au moins un mode resonant
GB2427014A (en) * 2004-03-04 2006-12-13 Immersion Corp Haptic devices having multiple operational modes including at least one resonant mode
GB2427014B (en) * 2004-03-04 2008-08-20 Immersion Corp Haptic devices having multiple operational modes including at least one resonant mode

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