WO1996029376A1 - Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung mit emission polarisierten lichtes - Google Patents
Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung mit emission polarisierten lichtes Download PDFInfo
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- WO1996029376A1 WO1996029376A1 PCT/EP1996/001202 EP9601202W WO9629376A1 WO 1996029376 A1 WO1996029376 A1 WO 1996029376A1 EP 9601202 W EP9601202 W EP 9601202W WO 9629376 A1 WO9629376 A1 WO 9629376A1
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- polymer
- electroluminescent device
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- emitting layer
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- 0 Cc1c(*)c(*)c(*c2c(*)c(*)c(*)c(*)c2*)c(*)c1* Chemical compound Cc1c(*)c(*)c(*c2c(*)c(*)c(*)c(*)c2*)c(*)c1* 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces
- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/02—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/06—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing organic luminescent materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/868—Arrangements for polarized light emission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/114—Poly-phenylenevinylene; Derivatives thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/917—Electroluminescent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
- Y10T428/231—Filled with gas other than air; or under vacuum
Definitions
- Electroluminescent materials and devices are known (see, for example, US-A-3, 1 72,862). Until recently, however, such devices were severely limited in their practical applicability.
- WO 90/1 3148 and EP-A 0 443 861 describe electroluminescent devices which contain a film of a conjugated polymer as the light-emitting layer (semiconductor layer). Such devices offer numerous advantages, such as the ability to produce large-area, flexible displays easily and inexpensively. Such displays are self-illuminating and therefore do not require an additional rear lighting source. Unstructured electroluminescent devices can also be used as a backlight source in liquid crystal displays. In contrast to conventional devices with a light tube and light scattering grating, such devices offer advantages in terms of thickness and
- an emission of polarized light is of particular importance.
- the backlight of conventional LCD displays, e.g. B. in computer screens must be polarized. If the emitted light is itself polarized, a polarizer film with the corresponding intensity losses can be dispensed with.
- a typical electroluminescent device consists of a light-emitting layer in the form of a thin, dense polymer film (semiconductor layer) which contains at least one conjugated polymer.
- a first contact layer is in contact with a first surface, a second contact layer with a further surface of the semiconductor layer.
- the polymer film of the semiconductor layer has a sufficiently low concentration of extrinsic charge carriers, so that when an electric field is applied between the two contact layers, charge carriers are introduced into the semiconductor layer, one contact layer becoming positive with respect to the other and the semiconductor layer emitting radiation.
- Conjugated polymer is a polymer that has a delocalized electron system along the main chain.
- the delocalized electron system gives the polymer semiconductor properties and gives it the ability to transport positive and / or negative charge carriers with high mobility.
- the conjugated polymers are oriented almost isotropically with respect to the substrate surface.
- the radiation emitted can therefore also have no preferred polarization.
- electroluminescent devices which enable the emission of parallel polarized radiation can be produced by layer-by-layer construction of suitable, highly ordered polymer layers, the degree of polarization of the light from these devices considerably exceeding the values known hitherto.
- the light emitted by the emitter molecules has considerable amisotropies in the direction of polarization parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the layer.
- the invention therefore relates to an electroluminescent device comprising a light-emitting layer which contains at least one polymer, characterized in that the emitted electroluminescence is polarized, the polarization ratio being at least three, preferably at least four.
- It is preferably a conjugated or partially conjugated polymer, particularly preferably a conjugated, chain-rigid polymer which is soluble in organic solvents.
- the intensity of the light which is polarized parallel to the longitudinal axis of the substrate is preferably at least three times, preferably at least four times, as great as the intensity polarized perpendicularly thereto.
- the polarization ratio is measured with the help of a rotatable analyzer (polarization filter), by the intensity of the emitted Light is determined as a function of the angle of rotation of the analyzer.
- the polarization ratio is the ratio between the maximum and minimum measured intensity.
- the light-emitting layer is preferably built up monolayer for monolayer using liquid-gas interfaces transfer methods (e.g. using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique) (see e.g. Ulman, An Introduction to Ultrathin Organic Films, Acad. Press, Boston, 1,991).
- these layer systems have a high molecular order.
- Suitable polymers for such applications are soluble, conjugated, chain-rigid polymers, e.g. B. composed of arylene or heteroarylene units in combination with unsaturated units (z. B. PPP, PPV, PT).
- the processability of such substances from solution can be achieved by installing flexible side chains on the polymer. Chain-rigid polymers are understood to mean those in which the backbone has to assume a predominantly linear configuration due to the structure.
- soluble in organic solvents means that the polymer can be dissolved in at least one water-immiscible organic solvent or a mixture of these in a concentration of at least 0.3 mg / ml at 20 ° C.
- a preferred soluble, conjugated, chain-rigid polymer is an oligo-p-phenylene unit-containing polymer which contains at least one structural element of the general formula (A k B
- A is the same or different
- R ⁇ R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 1 0 , R 1 1 , R 1 2 are in the individual
- Structural elements independently of one another, identical or different, H, a straight-chain or branched alkyl chain with 1 to 22 C atoms, one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups also being represented by -O-, -S-, -SO 2 -, -COOC-, -OOC- and / or phenylene, preferably 1,4-phenylene, can be replaced, aryl or aryloxy groups, preferably with 4 to 14 carbon atoms, the aromatic in these groups with C-
- I is 0 to 25, the sum k + I ⁇ 1; n is 1 to 200; where the sum of all n ranges from 3 to 200.
- Polymers in which I is 0 or Y is -CHR 1 1 -CHR 1 2 - are preferred, those in which I is 0 are particularly preferred.
- radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 or R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 in each case is an alkyl group having 2 to 22 C atoms, preferably one or more, particularly preferably one, CH 2 group being replaced by a hetero atom which is optionally substituted by a further aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having preferably 1 to 22 C atoms are and a further CH 2 group can be replaced by an optionally substituted phenylene group and the remaining radicals R 1 to R 8 are H.
- Preferred heteroatoms are -O-, -S- and -NR 1 3 -, where R 1 3 has the same meanings as R 1 to R 1 2 .
- a particularly preferred hetero atom is -O-.
- R 1 , R 4 , R 5 and R 8 are very particularly preferably identical or different to a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 22 C atoms.
- Polymers are particularly preferably described by the formulas (A) and (B), in which R 2 , R 3 , R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and R 10 are hydrogen and in which R 1 is R 4 and R 5 is R 8 and are a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group having 4 to 7 carbon atoms.
- the indices k, I are preferably a natural number in the range from 1 to 1 3, particularly preferably 1, 2 or 3, very particularly preferably 2 or 3.
- a polymer used according to the invention preferably consists of structural elements of the general formula (A k B
- the polymer chain contains only one structural element of the general formula (A k B
- the index n is then preferably in the range from 5 to 75.
- the polymers according to the invention can likewise preferably have several different structural elements of the formula (A k B ( ). It should be noted here that the structural element A can be varied not only via the radicals R 1 to R 4 , but also via the indices k and I.
- Such statistical copolymers preferably contain 2 to 8 different structural elements of the formula (A k B
- Block copolymers which contain two different structural elements of the formula (A k B t ) are preferred, x and y are preferably in the range from 1 to 1 99, particularly preferably from 2 to 50, where x + y _ ⁇ _ 200.
- each individual element can assume values for n in the range from 1 to 200, provided that the sum of all n in the range from 3 to 200, preferably in the range from 5 up to 75.
- the polymers used according to the invention can be produced by various methods. It can according to methods known per se from the literature, as used in standard works on organic synthesis, e.g. B. Houben Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart. The preparation takes place under reaction conditions which are known and suitable for the reactions mentioned. Use can also be made here of variants which are known per se and are not mentioned here in detail.
- derivatives of benzene and stilbene can be oxidative (e.g. with FeCI 3 , see, inter alia, P. Kovacic, NB Jones, Chem. Ber. 1987, 87, 357; M.Wede, T. Abe, H. Awano, Macromolecules 1992, 25, 51 25) or electrochemically (see, for example, N. Saito, T. Yamamoto, Polym. Bull. 1993, 30, 285).
- the polymers from dihaloaromatics under copper / triphenylphosphine - can be synthesized.
- copper / triphenylphosphine - see e.g. BGW Ebert, RD Rieke, J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 4482
- nickel / triphenylphosphine catalysis see e.g. BH Matsumoto, S. Inaba, RD Rieke, J. Org. Chem. 1993, 48, 849 can be synthesized.
- Aromatic distannans such as B. at J.K. Silence, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1986, 25, 508 indicated, polymerize under palladium catalysis.
- aromatic dibromo compounds can be converted into the Dilithio or Digrignard compounds, which are then combined with another dibromo compound using CuCI 2 (see, for example, BG Wittig, G. Klar, Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1967, 704, 91; HA Staab, F. Bunny , Chem. Ber. 1967, 1 00, 293; T. Kaufmann, Angew. Chem. 1974, 86, 321) or by electron transfer of unsaturated 1,4-dihalogen compounds (see, for example, BSK Taylor, SG Bennet, KJ Harz, LK Lashley , J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 21 90).
- the polymers can be polymerized by reacting the dibromo compounds mentioned with nickel catalysts in the presence of 2,2'-bipyridines (see K. Chmil, U. Scherf, Makromol. Chem., Rapid Commun. 10
- U and V are different from each other a halogen from group I, Br and Cl, preferably Br, or 60 ⁇ 2;
- Q-,, Q 2 are identical or different -OH, C r C 10 -alkoxy, C r C 10 -alkyl, phenyl, which may be replaced by C ⁇ C ⁇ -Alky !, C-
- Q 2 together form a C r C 4 alkylenedioxy group, a methylene group, which may be substituted by one or two C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups may, or Q ⁇ and Q 2 and the boron atom together are part of a boroxine ring of the formula (IV)
- Ar is an aromatic radical of formula (I), (II) or (III);
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 1 1 , R 1 2 are in the individual
- Structural elements independently of one another, the same or different, H, a straight-chain or branched alkyl chain with 1 to 22 C atoms, one or more non-adjacent CH 2 groups also being substituted by -O-, -S-, -SO 2 -, -COOC- , -OOC- and / or phenylene, preferably 1, 4-phenylene, can be replaced, aryl or aryloxy groups, preferably with 4 to 14 carbon atoms, the aromatic in these groups with C 1 -C 22 alkyl, C 1 -C 22 alkoxy, Br, Cl, F, CN, and / or NO 2 can be substituted, Br, Cl, F, CN, NO 2 or alkyloxycarbonyl having 2 to 23 C atoms; k is 1 to 25, preferably 1 to 1 3, particularly preferably 1, 2 or 3, in particular 2 or 3.
- approximately equimolar amounts of the boronic acid (ester) and the halogen compound are reacted. It is preferred to use the boronic acid (ester) in a 1, 001 to 1, 1, particularly preferably 1, 025 times excess.
- the reaction is generally carried out at a temperature in the range from 0 to 150 ° C., preferably at 20 to 100 ° C. and particularly preferably at 70 to 90 ° C.
- the reaction time is generally from one hour to usually 3 to 5 days.
- Preferred solvents are mixtures, the components of which are miscible or immiscible, preferably immiscible, under the reaction conditions.
- a polar protic solvent such as water
- Preferred as further components are N, N-dialkylamides, such as dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene, and mixtures of the solvents mentioned.
- a binary mixture of THF and water is particularly preferred, in particular in a ratio of 1: 1.
- Compounds containing palladium show catalytic activity for the polymerization reaction.
- Compounds which contain palladium in the oxidation state 0 or which form palladium (O) species under the reaction conditions are preferred; tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0), which can be used directly, is particularly preferred.
- a concentration of 1 mol% of catalyst per mol of the amount of monomer used is used.
- Weak bases are generally used as additional substance, sodium bicarbonate in a concentration of 1 mol / l, based on the amount of water used, is preferred.
- bromine derivatives can, for. B. coupled as above with Ni ° catalysis to statistical copolymers.
- a halogen component is reacted with such a large excess of a boronic acid (ester) component that oligomers of a defined length with terminal boronic acid (ester) groups are formed.
- a second block is produced by reacting a boronic acid (ester) component with a corresponding excess of a halogen component; the oligomers of this second block have terminal halogen functions.
- terminated oligomers can also be built up by boronization of bromine-terminated oligomers. Implementation of the two blocks in a ratio of 1: 1 leads to block copolymers according to the invention.
- Another possibility of interrupting the conjugation along the polymer main chain consists in the defined use of monomers which have a 1,3-dibromo substitution. A corresponding kink occurs in the resulting polymer, which effectively prevents conjugation.
- This monomer is used instead of the corresponding stilbene dibromide monomer in such a way that the approximately equimolar ratio of dibromide to diboronic acid is not changed.
- reaction mixture can be poured into methanol, filtered, washed with water, extracted and the crude product obtained can be further purified by falling over.
- the preparation of the monomer units of the formulas (I) to (IM) can be carried out according to methods known per se from the literature, as described in standard works on organic synthesis, e.g. B. Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, are described. The preparation takes place under reaction conditions which are known and suitable for the reactions mentioned. It can also be known from here, but not in more detail here mentioned variants can be used.
- Dihalogen compounds are known as standard reactions (see, e.g., J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 4th ed., Pp. 531-534, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1992).
- 1,4-Dibromo-alkyl-benzenes are, for example, by alkylation of 1,4-
- Dihalobenzenes can be prepared by Grignard reaction and subsequent ⁇ -regioselective bromination in the 2,5-position.
- 1,4-dibromo (pseudo) halogen compounds can be obtained, for example, from the corresponding dibromides by exchange with, for example, cyano groups (M. Rehahn, A.-D. Schlueter, W.J. Feast, Synthesis 386, 1988).
- Oligo-p-phenylenes can be built up, for example, from the corresponding monomers by the methods mentioned above.
- Stilbene derivatives can be synthesized, for example, by the methods described in Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart (e.g. Wittig reaction, Knoevenagel reaction, Heck reaction).
- the mixtures can contain up to 50% of the total amount of additive, preferably the amount of additive is not more than 30% of that
- the additives can be introduced by cospreading, and also by subsequently adding the additive, preferably a dye, to the finished film.
- electroluminescent devices The general structure of electroluminescent devices is described for example in US-A-4,539,507 and US-A-5, 1 51, 629. Electroluminescent devices containing polymers are described, for example, in WO 90/1 31 48 and EP-A O 443861.
- the electroluminescent device according to the invention is produced by known methods known to the person skilled in the art.
- the electroluminescent material preferably one or more of the polymers described above, is built up monolayer by monolayer using liquid-gas interfaces.
- liquid-gas interfaces Such methods are described, for example, by A. Ulman, An Introduction to Ultrathin Organic-Films, Acad. Press, Boston, 1991.
- the molecules After evaporation of the solvent, the molecules are compressed into a dense film by reducing the water surface available to them until a compression state suitable for transferring the film is reached.
- the surface is reduced by moving a solid barrier or by moving a closed flexible band that encloses the amiphiphilic molecules on the water surface.
- the compression can also be done via rotating rollers (Barraud et al., Thin Solid Films 1983, 99, 221) or flow of water (US-A-4 722 856, EP-A-0 433 325 or EP-A-0 583 676).
- the film is transferred from the water surface to a support by exchanging or replacing the support through the film-covered water surface. In particular, the transfer of multiple layers is possible by repeating the dipping processes, with one monomolecular layer being transferred per dive.
- the electroluminescent device usually contains an electroluminescent layer between a cathode and an anode, at least one of the electrodes being transparent.
- an electron injection and / or electron transport layer can be introduced between the electroluminescent layer and the cathode and / or a hole injection and / or hole transport layer can be introduced between the electroluminescent layer and the anode.
- a cathode z. B. Ca, Mg, Al, Mg / Al serve.
- As an anode z. B. Au or ITO (indium oxide / tin oxide) on a transparent substrate for. B. made of glass or a transparent polymer.
- the cathode is set to a negative potential with respect to the anode. Electrons are transferred from the cathode into the electron injection layer / electron transport layer or directly into the light emitting layer injected. At the same time, holes are injected from the anode into the hole injection layer / hole transport layer or directly into the light-emitting layer.
- the injected charge carriers move towards one another under the influence of the applied voltage through the active layers. At the interface between the charge transport layer and the light-emitting layer or within the light-emitting layer, this leads to electron / hole pairs which recombine while emitting light.
- the color of the emitted light can be varied by the compound used as the light-emitting layer.
- Electroluminescent devices are used for. B. as self-illuminating display elements, such as control lamps, alphanumeric displays, information signs, and in optoelectronic couplers.
- the invention is illustrated by the examples without being restricted thereby.
- a quartz glass substrate is first rubbed off with acetone, pre-cleaned in methylene chloride in an ultrasonic bath for 15 minutes. 30 minutes in a reaction solution consisting of 10% hydrogen peroxide (30%), 40% aqueous, conc. Ammonia solution and 50% Milli-Q water (deionized water treated with a conductivity of 0.5 // S / cm) and then washed in a stream of Milli-Q water for 10 minutes. At 2 x 10 ⁇ 5 mbar, 2 mm wide strips of chromium (4 nm) and then gold (1 7 nm) are evaporated. The glass support prepared in this way is treated for 5 minutes at 1 mbar in argon plasma and then hydrophobicized for 30 minutes in a 30% solution of hexamethyldisilazane in chloroform.
- the film is transferred using a Lauda FW-1 film scale, which is housed on a granite slab in a "laminar flow box".
- the coating takes place with automatic film printing constant maintenance.
- Milli-Q water serves as the subphase, the temperature of the subphase is controlled by a thermostat connected to the film scale.
- M w 10000
- M w 10000
- the polymer is prepared as in M. Rehan, AD Schlueter, G. Wegener, J. Peast, Polymer 1989, 30, 1060; Valenkamp, G. Wegener, Macromol.
- the transfer rate of the polymer from the water surface to the glass substrate is detected with the help of the movement of the barrier.
- Al is deposited in 2 mm wide strips.
- the device Au / polymer / Al thus obtained is placed in a sample holder and the electrodes are connected to a current source, the Au strips being positive and the AI strips are negatively polarized.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- the film is transferred using a Lauda FW-1 film scale, which is housed on a granite slab in a "laminar flow box".
- the coating takes place with automatic film printing constant maintenance.
- Milli-Q water serves as the subphase, the temperature of the subphase is controlled by a thermostat connected to the film scale.
- the prepared glass slide After waiting 30 minutes, the prepared glass slide is dipped 2 cm deep into the LB trough at a speed of 1 cm / min and lifted out again after a waiting time of 10 seconds.
- the waiting time for the start of a new cycle is 5 minutes. In this way, 100 monolayers of the polymer are drawn up in 50 cycles.
- the transfer rate of the polymer from the water surface to the glass substrate is detected with the help of the movement of the barrier.
- the ITO / Polymer / AI device thus obtained is placed in a sample holder and the electrodes with a current source placed in a sample holder and the electrodes connected to a power source, the ITO strips being positive and the AI strips being negative.
- a field strength of 1 5 x 1 07 V / m is applied, an intense, homogeneous, polarized white electroluminescence is observed on the corresponding matrix element, the intensity of the light, which is polarized parallel to the longitudinal axis of the substrate, being four times as great as that intensity polarized perpendicular to it.
- a glass substrate coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) is used as the substrate, on which the width of the ITO strips is 2 mm. This glass slide is cleaned in isopropanol.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- the carrier is coated in that this solution at a speed of 1000 rpm. is hurled.
- the resulting layer thickness is approximately 50 nm.
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Polyoxymethylene Polymers And Polymers With Carbon-To-Carbon Bonds (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE59609976T DE59609976D1 (de) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-20 | Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung mit emission polarisierten lichtes |
| JP8528083A JPH11503178A (ja) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-20 | 偏光を放射するエレクトロルミネセンスデバイス |
| US08/913,651 US6040069A (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-20 | Electroluminescene device with emission of polarized light |
| AT96908087T ATE229561T1 (de) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-20 | Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung mit emission polarisierten lichtes |
| EP96908087A EP0815181B1 (de) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-20 | Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung mit emission polarisierten lichtes |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19509450.6 | 1995-03-20 | ||
| DE19509450A DE19509450A1 (de) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung mit Emission polarisierten Lichtes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996029376A1 true WO1996029376A1 (de) | 1996-09-26 |
Family
ID=7756783
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1996/001202 Ceased WO1996029376A1 (de) | 1995-03-20 | 1996-03-20 | Elektrolumineszenzvorrichtung mit emission polarisierten lichtes |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6040069A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0815181B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH11503178A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE229561T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19509450A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1996029376A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999021936A1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Polymer electroluminescent device |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19857860A1 (de) * | 1998-12-15 | 2000-06-21 | Mannesmann Vdo Ag | Zeigerinstrument |
| DE69841627D1 (de) * | 1998-12-15 | 2010-06-02 | Max Planck Inst Fuer Polymerfo | Funktionelles Material enthaltende Polyimid-Schicht, Vorrichtung die sie verwendet und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Vorrichtung |
| KR100763818B1 (ko) | 2000-04-10 | 2007-10-05 | 허니웰 인터내셔날 인코포레이티드 | 퀴논의 아릴화에 의해 제조되는 올리고머 및 폴리머oled 물질 |
| JP4984343B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-29 | 2012-07-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 有機電界発光素子及びそれを用いた光電子素子 |
| US6944032B1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2005-09-13 | Rockwell Collins | Interconnect for flat panel displays |
| JP5250922B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-05 | 2013-07-31 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネセンス表示素子の製造方法 |
| DE10144983A1 (de) * | 2001-08-15 | 2003-07-03 | Siemens Ag | Anzeigeeinheit |
| JP2004538480A (ja) * | 2001-08-15 | 2004-12-24 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 表示器ユニット |
| US7037599B2 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2006-05-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | Organic light emitting diodes for production of polarized light |
| US20060094859A1 (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2006-05-04 | Marrocco Matthew L Iii | Class of bridged biphenylene polymers |
| US20110001905A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 | 2011-01-06 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Transparent thin-film electrode |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0343991A (ja) * | 1989-07-10 | 1991-02-25 | Canon Inc | 発光素子 |
| WO1996003015A1 (en) * | 1994-07-19 | 1996-02-01 | Forskarpatent I Linköping Ab | Electroluminescent device and a way to fabricate it |
-
1995
- 1995-03-20 DE DE19509450A patent/DE19509450A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-03-20 WO PCT/EP1996/001202 patent/WO1996029376A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1996-03-20 AT AT96908087T patent/ATE229561T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-03-20 JP JP8528083A patent/JPH11503178A/ja active Pending
- 1996-03-20 US US08/913,651 patent/US6040069A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-20 DE DE59609976T patent/DE59609976D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-20 EP EP96908087A patent/EP0815181B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0343991A (ja) * | 1989-07-10 | 1991-02-25 | Canon Inc | 発光素子 |
| WO1996003015A1 (en) * | 1994-07-19 | 1996-02-01 | Forskarpatent I Linköping Ab | Electroluminescent device and a way to fabricate it |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| CIMROVA V ET AL: "Polarized light emission from LEDs prepared by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique", ADVANCED MATERIALS, FEB. 1996, VCH VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY, vol. 8, no. 2, ISSN 0935-9648, pages 146 - 149, XP002006459 * |
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9114, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A85, AN 91-098846, XP002006462 * |
| INGANAS O ET AL: "Thiophene polymers in light emitting diodes: making multicolour devices", INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF SYNTHETIC METALS (ICSM '94), SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA, 24-29 JULY 1994, vol. 71, no. 1-3, ISSN 0379-6779, SYNTHETIC METALS, 1 APRIL 1995, SWITZERLAND, pages 2121 - 2124, XP002006460 * |
| LUESSEM G ET AL: "Polarized photoluminescence of liquid crystalline polymers with isolated arylenevinylene segments in the main chain", ADVANCED MATERIALS, NOV. 1995, VCH VERLAGSGESELLSCHAFT, GERMANY, vol. 7, no. 11, ISSN 0935-9648, pages 923 - 925, XP002006461 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999021936A1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-05-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Polymer electroluminescent device |
| EP1310540A1 (de) * | 1997-10-23 | 2003-05-14 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Polymere elektrolumineszente Vorrichtung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE229561T1 (de) | 2002-12-15 |
| EP0815181B1 (de) | 2002-12-11 |
| JPH11503178A (ja) | 1999-03-23 |
| US6040069A (en) | 2000-03-21 |
| DE19509450A1 (de) | 1996-09-26 |
| DE59609976D1 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
| EP0815181A1 (de) | 1998-01-07 |
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