WO2000004670A2 - Verfahren zur übertragung von information mittels digitaler übertragungssignale - Google Patents
Verfahren zur übertragung von information mittels digitaler übertragungssignale Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000004670A2 WO2000004670A2 PCT/DE1999/002142 DE9902142W WO0004670A2 WO 2000004670 A2 WO2000004670 A2 WO 2000004670A2 DE 9902142 W DE9902142 W DE 9902142W WO 0004670 A2 WO0004670 A2 WO 0004670A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transmission
- signal
- frequency
- signals
- additional signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for transmitting information by means of digital transmission signals, in particular radio signals, the transmission signals having a predeterminable transmission frequency and the transmission frequency being implemented in the case of a signal receiver.
- the digital transmission signals are represented by mostly sinusoidal signals.
- the transmission signals are formed by radio signals, for example in mobile radio networks, electrical signals in fixed networks, which are transmitted, for example, via copper cables, light wave signals, electro-optical signals or acoustic signals.
- a transmission of the light wave signals in optical waveguides, for example glass fibers, is conceivable. The transmission takes place over one or more predefinable transmission frequencies.
- a frequency conversion of the transmission signal frequency always takes place for signal detection of a transmission signal.
- These exceptions are the earliest known "Hertzian radio receivers", which were designed as spark gaps and directly detected the radio signal power in the form of arcing, without any frequency conversion step.
- the simplest known types of signal receivers that detected the transmission signals by means of frequency conversion steps are the so-called detector receivers, which For all frequency-known signal receivers that work by means of frequency conversion steps or frequency mixing, the frequency conversion is carried out exclusively by means of nonlinear frequency conversion steps, ie using a mathematical nonlinear transformation equation for the transmission signal frequency.
- the frequency mixing can be additive, ie with the addition of the signals to be mixed at the same input of the Mixing circuit, or multiplicative, ie by supplying the signals to be mixed to different inputs of the mixing circuit, both methods are nevertheless to be understood as non-linear methods in the sense of the above.
- radio signals are considered as transmission signals in the following.
- resonance filters are used for the selection of transmission signals, which have a finite resonator quality with such a wide frequency response that transmission signals to be separated must maintain a certain minimum frequency spacing from one another in order to still be able to separate them. So far, transmission signals with heavily superimposed frequency spectra or density power spectra have not been able to be separated.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for transmitting information by means of digital transmission signals which the available and suitable transmission frequencies are effectively used in a simple manner.
- a method for the transmission of information by means of digital transmission signals is characterized in that the conversion is carried out by superimposing a transmission signal with at least one additional signal of a predeterminable frequency on a component with a linear characteristic curve, and in that the frequency of the additional signal is selected in such a way that a superimposed signal is used Beat pattern is generated.
- the above object is achieved in a surprisingly simple manner by implementing the transmission frequency by superimposing another frequency on a component with a linear or non-linear characteristic.
- the implementation does not use non-linear component characteristics.
- the frequency of the superimposed additional signal is to be selected such that a beat is generated by the superimposition.
- the beat signal then contains a difference frequency component of the beat frequencies.
- the beat pattern that is generated by the linear superposition of sinusoidal frequency signals - the transmission signal and the additional signal - is characteristic of the transmission signal contained.
- the beat pattern is only dependent on the center frequencies of the interfering individual signals.
- By generating beat patterns transmission signals can be separated from one another whose density power spectra overlap. As a result, it is possible to develop a transmission system whose transmission frequencies are considerably closer to one another than was possible with previous transmission systems. Overall, this results in transmission systems with a considerably lower required frequency bandwidth.
- the method according to the invention specifies a method in which the available and suitable transmission frequencies are effectively used in a simple manner.
- the beat is used to separate sinusoidal frequency signals with small center frequency spacings despite superimposed density power spectra.
- Such a beat filter method uses the property that frequency signals with certain center frequencies after the interference generate characteristic signal time patterns in the form of beat patterns. The characterization of these beat patterns can be used to infer the frequency signals contained.
- the frequency of the additional signal could be close to the transmission frequency of the transmission signal.
- the time duration or pulse length of the signals, which correlates with the Fourier density power spectrum, has no influence on the beat pattern development as a function of the change in frequency difference between the transmission signal and the additional signal.
- the transmission signals could be pre-filtered before the overlay. Since the separation of different-frequency signals depends on the existing interference power by other signals, pre-filtering includes the task of suppressing the number of simultaneous, different-frequency interference signals in the superimposed signal as far as possible. As a result, the difference between the states with transmitted and without transmitted signal in the beat pattern is significantly improved.
- the transmission signals could be amplified before the overlay. This could produce more characteristic differences in the beat patterns with and without a transmission signal.
- the additional signal could be leveled to the transmission signal or vice versa. As a result, the amplitude of the signals could be almost identical.
- the transmission signals could be detected in a simple manner by counting the signal extremes - signal maxima and / or signal minima - that have arisen in the beat pattern. Threshold switches could preferably be used for this.
- the transmission signals could be detected by comparing the integrated signal power from predefinable time windows of the beat pattern. At least two time windows could be selected for this. If a transmission signal is present at the signal receiver, a beat pattern generated by the superimposition with the additional signal shows a different characteristic curve than when a transmission signal is not present. Such a frequency-selective characteristic difference follows from the phenomenon that certain frequencies in a beat signal time pattern produce different dominant effects in certain time ranges.
- a particularly precise detection could result if the time windows are selected in the temporal center area and in at least one flank area of the beat pattern. A selection of the time windows in the middle area and in both flank areas of the beat pattern would be even more favorable.
- the power signals could be integrated in the two flank areas and in the then remaining central area and compared by forming quotients. The comparison takes place between a situation with an existing transmission signal and a situation without a transmission signal.
- At least one additional signal could be assigned to each transmission frequency.
- the frequency of the additional signal could be selected to ensure unambiguous detection between the transmission frequency and a directly adjacent further transmission frequency.
- the frequency of the additional signal could be chosen between two adjacent transmission frequencies outside the middle.
- the selection of the frequency of the additional signal must take into account in any case that the beat detection according to the invention can only detect frequency differences. As a result, an asymmetrical selection of the frequency of the additional signal between equidistant radio channels is favorable. If an additional signal frequency lies exactly in the middle between two adjacent transmission frequencies, the detection of transmission signals in the two channels assigned to the transmission frequencies is no longer unambiguous. Both neighboring signals then produce the same beating effect.
- the distance ratio of the frequency of the additional signal between two transmission frequencies could be 1: 2, for example.
- a directly adjacent transmission frequency could be selected as the frequency of the additional signal.
- it could be dispensed with, in addition to the transmission oscillators already required for the transmission frequencies, additional oscillators for the additional gnal to provide.
- additional oscillators for the additional gnal to provide it would then be advantageous not to arrange the transmission frequencies equidistantly.
- two equidistant transmission frequencies present symmetrically to the transmission signal in particular both directly adjacent, equidistant transmission frequencies, could be selected as frequencies of the additional signal.
- the equidistance is required.
- the use of such frequencies produces in the selected parameter range a beat pattern which can be evaluated better with regard to the integration in the different time windows than the use of only a single additional signal frequency. This enables a better separation of the signal power ranges.
- a beat pattern depends on the difference frequency between the additional signal and the transmission signal, their phase relationship to one another, the pulse duration and the temporal superposition of the signals, it is advantageous with regard to the precision of the detection if a signal transmitter and the signal receiver are synchronized. In this way, the required phase position and the complete time overlap of the signals can be ensured.
- a radio clock could be assigned to the signal transmitters and signal receivers. The transmission and reception windows could be controlled via this radio clock. It is also advantageous if the signal transmitters and signal receivers send and receive in accordance with a predeterminable clock sequence. This specifies the time at which a beat pattern is generated, namely at the beginning of a cycle. The clock sequence could be controlled in a particularly practical manner via a radio clock.
- the quality of the detection depends largely on the performance of the existing interference signals.
- the transmission frequency could be transmitted and received alternately in a right-hand circular and left-hand circular polarization. This change in polarization could occur at any transmission frequency.
- 1 is a typical measurement diagram of a beat pattern around the central region of a transmission frequency, with no transmission signal being present,
- FIG. 2 shows, in a typical measurement diagram, a beat pattern around the central region of the transmission frequency from FIG. 1, a transmission signal being present, and
- Fig. 3 is a measurement diagram to document the ratio of the integrated powers with and without a transmission signal.
- test results for a specific choice of beat parameters are discussed below. These results were obtained by calculating the superposition of up to ten sinusoidal signals in a common signal pulse interval. For this purpose, Fourier integrals of band-limited square-wave signals and Fourier series of periodic band-limited square-wave signals were used as part of a numerical calculation. The calculation was carried out with the "Maple-V-Release4" computer program.
- FIG. 1 shows in a typical measurement diagram the envelope of a beat pattern around the central region of a transmission frequency. There is no transmission signal.
- FIG. 2 shows the beat pattern from FIG. 1 in a typical measurement diagram, with a transmission signal being present. This can be seen from the clear signal change in the flank area of the signal.
- the measurement diagrams in FIGS. 1 and 2 are amplitude-time diagrams.
- FIG. 3 shows the ratio of the integrated powers with and without a transmission signal in a measurement diagram.
- the ratio between integrated power in the center area and integrated power in the two flank areas is plotted at each measuring point.
- the ratio of interference power to signal power is plotted along the X axis.
- a received transmission signal is first superimposed with the additional signal behind the input filters, with level adjustment.
- the superimposed signal is then rectified and squared and integrated in the time windows.
- the results in the diagram from FIG. 3 relate to a superimposition of signals with the same single signal amplitude, the interference power being increased successively from 1 to 9 adjacent channels. It was found that different signal amplitudes of the individual signals and an increasing number of different-frequency signals and a different frequency composition of the signals in the superimposition have no influence on the detection behavior of the method according to the invention. A deterioration in the detection behavior is essentially caused exclusively by an increased interference power.
- prefilters in the beat detection method is advantageous because of the interference power dependency. By suppressing simultaneous different frequency signals in the beat signal, the distinguishability of the states with and without a transmission signal is improved.
- the experiments showed a frequency difference between the transmission signal and the additional signal of approximately 15 kHz.
- the larger the additional signal power compared to the interference signal power the greater the change in the integral power quotient from the signal ON to the signal OFF state, i. H. the beat detection becomes all the more sensitive.
- the integral signal power of the beat signal in the edges also decreases with the decrease in the additional signal power.
- a power ratio of additional signal to interference signal of 1: 4 has proven to be favorable. The power signals in the flank areas can thus still be detected well. Noise is irrelevant due to the integration and the formation of the quotient of the signal processing. A performance ratio of 1: 8 therefore still seems to be applicable. This would increase the sensitivity in an interference power environment or the permissible interference power by a factor of 2.
- the interference signal power is the signal power after the pre-filter.
- the interference power after the pre-filter or the permissible interference power before the pre-filter can be further reduced or increased by using differently polarized radio signals and polarization filters in the form of helical antennas or crossed linear antennas.
- the interference signal power after the polarization filter can be attenuated by the statistical average together with the prefilter by at least a factor of 5.
- the permissible interference power upstream of the pre-filter can thus be estimated at 2000 times the transmission signal power. Transmission signals can therefore still be detected on average in a 2000-fold interference power environment.
- the permissible dynamic range between transmit and receive signals is more than 2 x 10 3 .
- the detection method could be used in the short-range area. The above dynamic range is completely sufficient for this application.
- Interference with the detection sensitivity can be caused by high-frequency, similar-frequency and low-frequency interference signals, e.g. Have noise or hum.
- the signal evaluation in the form of integration and the formation of quotients means that low-frequency and high-frequency interference have no effect on the beat detection, since they influence all integration areas in the same way.
- Interference signals of a similar frequency can have a sensitive effect. Interferences with frequency center distances to the transmission signal center frequency, which are greater than the frequency center distance of the additional signal to the transmission signal, have no effect according to the investigations. They only modify the beat pattern in a similar way to the superimposition of signals from other adjacent channels.
- the additional signal power can be adapted to the superimposed signal power in the beat detection method according to the invention, so that the additional signal retains the dominant beat effect.
- the previous investigations of the beat detection method have proven from a mathematical point of view that it is possible to implement a digital radio system within a total bandwidth of 2 MHz with 130 frequency-spaced equidistant radio channels, each with 50 kHz channel frequency bandwidth and 15 kHz channel spacing. ment in which the transmission signals can be unambiguously detected in an interference power environment from adjacent channel signals with a dynamic range better than 2 x 10 3 .
- the transmission method according to the invention is largely immune to interference for interference signals such as, for example, analog radio signals when the time is completely superimposed. This is particularly important for use in frequently used frequency bands.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Transmitters (AREA)
- Reduction Or Emphasis Of Bandwidth Of Signals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU59667/99A AU5966799A (en) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | Method for transmitting information via digital transmission signals |
| JP2000560687A JP2002521862A (ja) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | ディジタル送信信号による情報送信方法 |
| DE19981345T DE19981345D2 (de) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | Verfahren zur Übertragung von Information mittels digitaler Übertragungssignale |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19831050 | 1998-07-13 | ||
| DE19831050.1 | 1998-09-24 | ||
| DEPCT/DE98/02840 | 1998-09-24 | ||
| DE9802840 | 1998-09-24 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000004670A2 true WO2000004670A2 (de) | 2000-01-27 |
| WO2000004670A3 WO2000004670A3 (de) | 2000-04-20 |
Family
ID=25962978
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1999/002142 Ceased WO2000004670A2 (de) | 1998-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | Verfahren zur übertragung von information mittels digitaler übertragungssignale |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002521862A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU5966799A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE19981345D2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2000004670A2 (de) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2109561A (en) * | 1934-07-21 | 1938-03-01 | Rca Corp | Modulated carrier wave receiver |
| US5465415A (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1995-11-07 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Even order term mixer |
| FI102702B (fi) * | 1996-05-03 | 1999-01-29 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Menetelmä suoramuunnosvastaanottimen toteuttamiseksi 6-porttipiirillä |
-
1999
- 1999-07-13 WO PCT/DE1999/002142 patent/WO2000004670A2/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-07-13 DE DE19981345T patent/DE19981345D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-07-13 JP JP2000560687A patent/JP2002521862A/ja active Pending
- 1999-07-13 AU AU59667/99A patent/AU5966799A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000004670A3 (de) | 2000-04-20 |
| DE19981345D2 (de) | 2001-08-16 |
| AU5966799A (en) | 2000-02-07 |
| JP2002521862A (ja) | 2002-07-16 |
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