WO2000056686A1 - Procede et unite de production de chlorure de vinyle par cracking thermique de 1,2-dichloroethane - Google Patents
Procede et unite de production de chlorure de vinyle par cracking thermique de 1,2-dichloroethane Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000056686A1 WO2000056686A1 PCT/FR2000/000655 FR0000655W WO0056686A1 WO 2000056686 A1 WO2000056686 A1 WO 2000056686A1 FR 0000655 W FR0000655 W FR 0000655W WO 0056686 A1 WO0056686 A1 WO 0056686A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cracking
- dce
- calories
- transfer line
- gaseous effluent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/25—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by splitting-off hydrogen halides from halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
- B01J2219/00006—Large-scale industrial plants
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improved processes and units for the production of vinyl chloride (monomer: VCM) by thermal cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE).
- VCM vinyl chloride
- DCE 1,2-dichloroethane
- Said cracking of DCE, to produce VCM is a per se known method, implemented on several industrial sites.
- the Applicant proposes to provide an improvement in the recovery of calories from the gaseous effluent from cracking.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically illustrate, respectively, a process for cracking low pressure DCE (6 to 12 bar eff. at the outlet of the oven) and a process for cracking high pressure DCE (> 12 bar eff. At the exit of the oven) (processes implemented without recovery of calories on the gaseous effluent directly from cracking).
- VCM vinyl chloride monomer
- DCE 1,2-dichloroethane
- the HC1, VCM, DCE mixture thus produced in the cracking section is then separated into its components (HC1, VCM and DCE) by means of multiple distillations with:
- step 2 of preheating the liquid DCE can it be implemented in three types of device a, b and c, referenced respectively 2a (see FIG. 2), 2b (see Figure 1) and 2c (not shown). What is stated:
- the low temperature level of the washed gas does not allow considerable heat recovery at this stage (step 7). Most of said heat is lost to air and / or cooling water.
- the recommended exchanger consists of a single tubular bundle, in the form of a coil, placed in a cylindrical container.
- the cracked gas circulates inside the tube, the coolant outside of said tube, inside said container.
- An exchanger of this same type operates according to the teaching of GB-A-2 179 938.
- the refrigerant used is a gas circulating in a flue.
- the heat recovered by said refrigerant is used for the partial vaporization of the charge, within the cracking oven.
- the use of the exchanger is therefore limited to vaporization systems (DCE vaporization or generation of water vapor) in which the heat transfer on the shell side is ensured either by the system's own turbulence (liquid in boiling state) ), or by installing a recycling system (forced or natural circulation);
- DCE vaporization or generation of water vapor in which the heat transfer on the shell side is ensured either by the system's own turbulence (liquid in boiling state) ), or by installing a recycling system (forced or natural circulation);
- the gaseous effluent from cracking is transferred via at least one transfer line (a single transfer line generally intervenes but it is not at all excluded to involve several transfer lines.
- a single transfer line generally intervenes but it is not at all excluded to involve several transfer lines.
- the calories of said gaseous effluent are recovered by at least one liquid refrigerant circulated, around said transfer line or at least one of said transfer lines, in a space provided between said (said) line (s) transfer and a shirt arranged around the latter; said recovery of said calories being implemented under conditions where said liquid refrigerant remains liquid and where said gaseous effluent remains substantially gaseous.
- a liquid coolant is advantageously used at a temperature (inlet temperature of said liquid coolant) higher than said dew point temperature of the cracked gas; said gaseous effluent is generally maintained at more than 250 ° C; c) said gaseous effluent enters said circulating transfer line (s) and circulates there without consequent reduction in its mass speed.
- said gaseous effluent is maintained at a mass speed equal to (close to) that which it had in the cracking beam (s) from which it originated. It is conceivable to increase said mass speed, but in no case to reduce it substantially (we would then observe (as in some exchangers of the prior art) a significant deposit of coke particles on the walls of the transfer line in question ).
- said mass speed is kept (substantially) constant; d) the refrigerant being maintained in the liquid state, no coke is formed therein.
- any coke formation in the intervening coolant is avoided and the deposition of coke in the effluent transfer line (s) is minimized.
- the coke present in said effluent is entrained by it.
- the Applicant has established that the fouling products ("coke" particles) are present in the cracked effluent and are not formed, appreciably, within the exchanger, whatever the rate of cooling carried out within said exchanger;
- the term tube used here does not imply any limitation as to the exact geometry of the couple transfer line (s) and jacket (s) arranged around it (s).
- said term tube is read, however, according to its usual connotation of hollow cylinder (of circular section).
- the inner tube is therefore generally formed by the transfer line which brings together the effluent from one or more cracking beams.
- the passage section of said inner tube generally corresponds to the total passage section of the connected cracking beam (s); this ensures sufficient gas velocity to obtain correct heat transfer and minimize fouling.
- the outer tube is therefore formed by the jacket.
- the liquid refrigerant circulates, co-current or counter-current, advantageously against the current (of the gaseous effluent), in the annular space (if, really, two tubes intervene) formed by the transfer line and the jacket .
- the inner diameter of the jacket is determined according to the flow rate and the characteristics of the refrigerant, in order to optimize the heat transfer.
- the jacketed length determines the available exchange surface and can be adapted according to the amount of heat to be evacuated / recovered. It can be carried out in one or more segments connected in series, gas side.
- the segments can be connected either by straight sections or by elbows; the use of flanges to connect the segments facilitating possible mechanical cleaning of the transfer line;
- the segments can be connected in series or in parallel, either by standard piping elements, or by elbows or return boxes specifically adapted to the dimensions of the jacket.
- the use of several segments also allows the use of different refrigerants or the use of the same type of refrigerant under different conditions (temperature, pressure, flow).
- the double-tube exchanger (s), within the meaning of the invention, can be declined according to numerous variant embodiments.
- the recovery of calories can be done with any type of liquid refrigerant. It is generally implemented with a view to using said calories and advantageously with a view to such use in the process for producing VCM. In this perspective of recovering the calories recovered, it is recommended to use refrigerants such as: - boiler feed water,
- a heat transfer fluid for example pressurized water or a commercial fluid (mineral oil, synthetic oil, etc.).
- Such a unit comprises: - means for conditioning the pressure and temperature of the liquid DCE feedstock;
- Said means for recovering said calories include: + a simple lining of the transfer line or at least one of the transfer lines of the gaseous effluent from said cracking oven; said liner advantageously constituting a “double tube” type exchanger; and + means for circulating, in the space thus arranged between said transfer line (s) and the jacket arranged around, a liquid refrigerant, and
- each transfer line thus lined with the gaseous effluent from said cracking furnace has a passage section, for said gaseous effluent, less than or equal to the total passage section of the cracking bundle (s) from said kiln cracking, leading into said transfer line.
- each lined transfer line (inner tube) has fins (longitudinal) on the outside, in order to improve the heat transfer on the refrigerant side.
- the jacketed length of said transfer line can be made in one or more segments, arranged in various ways.
- the particular means involved, according to the invention, for recovering calories from the gaseous effluent from cracking are arranged in a circuit for recovering (therefore) and distributing said calories, integrated in the production unit from VCM.
- said circuit can be arranged to distribute the calories recovered, at the level of the means for conditioning the feedstock of liquid DCE.
- Said circuit also contains, according to a preferred variant, an additional device for supplying heat (an oven for example) and / or an additional device for removing heat (an (aero) refrigerant, for example). The intervention of this type of device increases the flexibility of implementation of the method.
- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the technique of the prior art.
- Figure 1 illustrates a low pressure cracking process while Figure 2 illustrates a high pressure cracking process.
- Said figures 1 and 2 have been commented on in the introduction to the present text.
- Figures 3 A to 3D schematically illustrate, without limitation, different types of liner, which can be arranged, according to the invention, around the transfer line of the effluent from cracking.
- FIG. 4 generally illustrates the invention.
- Figures 5, 6 and 7 illustrate particular embodiments of the invention:
- FIG. 5 shows a modification according to the invention (with the intervention of a coolant as refrigerant) of the technology of the prior art according to Figure 1 (low pressure technology)
- - Figure 6 shows another modification according to l invention (with intervention of the DCE feedstock as refrigerant) of the technology of the prior art according to FIG. 1 (low pressure technology)
- FIG. 7 shows a modification according to the invention (with the intervention of a coolant as refrigerant) of the high pressure technology of the prior art (modification implemented in a unit different from that shown in Figure 2).
- FIGS. 1 to 7 the same logic is found at the level of the references.
- FIG 3A schematically shows the basic apparatus which can typically be used in the context of the present invention.
- a jacket 1a (in a single straight segment) has been arranged.
- provision is made to circulate the liquid refrigerant L against the current, in the annular space, thus formed between said transfer line and said liner 11a.
- Figures 3B to 3D show variants of such a device, more sophisticated. Circulation has always been planned - gaseous effluent G, liquid refrigerant L - against the current.
- the reference 20 represents expansion compensators.
- the jacketed length is in several segments:
- FIG. 4 schematically shows the integration, within the meaning of the invention, of a heat recovery and distribution circuit (circuit shown in bold), based on the use of a commercial heat transfer fluid in a VCM unit .
- VCM produces 12,550 temperature DCE preheater inlet 30 ° C
- the residence time (calculated) of the liquid DCE in the vaporization system (column + reboiler + connecting piping) is 10 minutes.
- the heat transfer fluid crosses the 1 lb exchanger on the transfer line, cooling the cracked gas; the heat absorbed by the fluid is then used to vaporize part of the charge DCE in the additional reboiler
- the cooling rate implemented according to the invention on the gaseous effluent was 59 ° C / s (i.e. 1/8 of the inlet temperature of said effluent ( 485 ° C)); - that no variation in the fouling rate has been observed, by reducing said speed to 35 ° C / s (ie 1/14 of said inlet temperature); the reduction in said speed being obtained by increasing the inlet temperature of the refrigerant to 340 ° C.
- Example 2 Low pressure process - Fluid process as refrigerant (preheating and vaporization of the DCE of charge) - Heat transfer circuit grafted on an existing unit, according to figure 1.
- VCM produces 12550 temperature DCE preheater inlet 30 ° C
- the residence time (calculated) of the liquid DCE in the vaporization system (column + reboiler + connecting piping) is 10 minutes.
- the refrigerant is made up of cold DCE and a flow of recycled DCE coming from the vaporization column 3b.
- the mixture passes through the exchanger 11b on the transfer line at a pressure slightly higher than the pressure of the vaporization column 3b in order to maintain the fluid in the liquid state. Thereafter, the fluid is expanded at the inlet of column 3b and a fraction of the DCE vaporizes under the effect of expansion.
- the heat absorbed by the DCE comes directly as a reduction in the heat exchanged in the (duty of) reboiler 3b 'supplied with steam.
- the annular space is supplied (in two passes) with 129,000 kg / h of liquid DCE at a pressure of 15 bar eff; the temperature of the current at the inlet of the exchanger is
- the regulation of the system remains simple:
- the new unit is shown in Figure 7 and has, side
- the heat transfer circuit of the invention comprises the following equipment: l ie. the exchanger on transfer line 11 '. bundle in convection zone of cracking oven 14a. an independent oven allowing a possible supply of heat 12a. a reboiler serving to vaporize all of the charge DCE 14b. an air cooler to dissipate any excess heat
- the main operating parameters are as follows: DCE load flow rates 55,500 kg / h purge DCE vaporization column 2,100 VCM produced 18,550 DCE temperature preheater inlet 30 ° C
- DCE preheater outlet 145 DCE vaporization column outlet 250
- DCE convection beam outlet 300 cracked gas oven outlet 485 cracked gas T quench inlet 350 pressure oven outlet 21 bar e DCE residence time:
- the residence time (calculated) of the liquid DCE in the vaporization system (column + reboiler + connecting piping) is 10 minutes.
- the heat transfer fluid is heated from 300 to 315 ° C in the heat exchanger l ie on the transfer line by cooling the cracked gas, then heated to
- the annular space is supplied (in two passes) with 220,000 kg / h of heat transfer fluid of the "synthetic oil" type at a temperature of 300 ° C.
- the cooling rate implemented according to the invention on the gaseous effluent was 32 ° C / s (i.e. 1/15 of the inlet temperature of said effluent (485 ° VS)).
- the thermal balance of the system is balanced by adjusting the temperature of the liquid DCE towards the vaporization column 3b.
- the auxiliary oven 14a is out of service and the air cooler 14b is bypassed, in normal operation: their presence only serves to facilitate / accelerate the start-up and shutdown operations of the installation.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU34373/00A AU3437300A (en) | 1999-03-19 | 2000-03-17 | Method and unit for producing vinyl chloride by thermal cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane |
| EA200100988A EA200100988A1 (ru) | 1999-03-19 | 2000-03-17 | Способ и установка для производства винилхлорида термическим крекингом 1,2-дихлорэтана |
| EP00912713A EP1163197A1 (fr) | 1999-03-19 | 2000-03-17 | Procede et unite de production de chlorure de vinyle par cracking thermique de 1,2-dichloroethane |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR99/03430 | 1999-03-19 | ||
| FR9903430A FR2791055B1 (fr) | 1999-03-19 | 1999-03-19 | Procede et unite de production de chlorure de vinyle par cracking thermique de 1,2-dichloroethane |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2000056686A1 true WO2000056686A1 (fr) | 2000-09-28 |
Family
ID=9543399
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2000/000655 Ceased WO2000056686A1 (fr) | 1999-03-19 | 2000-03-17 | Procede et unite de production de chlorure de vinyle par cracking thermique de 1,2-dichloroethane |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1163197A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1349483A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU3437300A (fr) |
| EA (1) | EA200100988A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2791055B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2000056686A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008049260B4 (de) * | 2008-09-26 | 2016-03-10 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von ethylenisch ungesättigten halogenierten Kohlenwasserstoffen |
| DE102008049262B4 (de) * | 2008-09-26 | 2016-03-17 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von ethylenisch ungesättigten halogenierten Kohlenwasserstoffen |
| CN110186806B (zh) * | 2019-07-17 | 2024-04-30 | 北京拓川科研设备股份有限公司 | 一种蒸汽裂解制乙烯的试验装置和方法 |
| CN115228110A (zh) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-10-25 | 浙江嘉化能源化工股份有限公司 | 一种延长vcm运行周期的抗污剂添加装置 |
| TWI832422B (zh) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-02-11 | 臺灣塑膠工業股份有限公司 | 氯乙烯的製備系統與製作方法 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0014920A1 (fr) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-03 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé de récupération d'énergie de pyrolyse lors de la préparation de chlorure de vinyle par scission thermique incomplète de 1,2-dichloroéthane |
| US4324932A (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1982-04-13 | Gerhard Link | Process for the manufacture of vinyl chloride by the thermal cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane |
| GB2179938A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1987-03-18 | Snam Progetti | Production of monomeric vinyl chloride |
| US5728906A (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1998-03-17 | Kashima Vinyl Chloride Monomer Co., Ltd. | Method and means for recovering heat in the pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane |
| DE19727659A1 (de) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-07 | Peter Widmann | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Vinylchlorid |
-
1999
- 1999-03-19 FR FR9903430A patent/FR2791055B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-03-17 WO PCT/FR2000/000655 patent/WO2000056686A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2000-03-17 EA EA200100988A patent/EA200100988A1/ru unknown
- 2000-03-17 EP EP00912713A patent/EP1163197A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-03-17 CN CN 00806824 patent/CN1349483A/zh active Pending
- 2000-03-17 AU AU34373/00A patent/AU3437300A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0014920A1 (fr) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-03 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé de récupération d'énergie de pyrolyse lors de la préparation de chlorure de vinyle par scission thermique incomplète de 1,2-dichloroéthane |
| US4324932A (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1982-04-13 | Gerhard Link | Process for the manufacture of vinyl chloride by the thermal cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane |
| GB2179938A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1987-03-18 | Snam Progetti | Production of monomeric vinyl chloride |
| US5728906A (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1998-03-17 | Kashima Vinyl Chloride Monomer Co., Ltd. | Method and means for recovering heat in the pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane |
| DE19727659A1 (de) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-07 | Peter Widmann | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Vinylchlorid |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1163197A1 (fr) | 2001-12-19 |
| AU3437300A (en) | 2000-10-09 |
| EA200100988A1 (ru) | 2002-04-25 |
| FR2791055A1 (fr) | 2000-09-22 |
| CN1349483A (zh) | 2002-05-15 |
| FR2791055B1 (fr) | 2001-06-01 |
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