WO2001040529A2 - Poudres contenant du zinc et procedes de fabrication - Google Patents

Poudres contenant du zinc et procedes de fabrication Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001040529A2
WO2001040529A2 PCT/US2000/042294 US0042294W WO0140529A2 WO 2001040529 A2 WO2001040529 A2 WO 2001040529A2 US 0042294 W US0042294 W US 0042294W WO 0140529 A2 WO0140529 A2 WO 0140529A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powder
weight
zinc
particles
mesh
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2000/042294
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2001040529A3 (fr
Inventor
Franklin W._(deceased) HINGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zinc Corp of America
Original Assignee
Zinc Corp of America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zinc Corp of America filed Critical Zinc Corp of America
Priority to AU43063/01A priority Critical patent/AU4306301A/en
Publication of WO2001040529A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001040529A2/fr
Publication of WO2001040529A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001040529A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/42—Alloys based on zinc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed, generally, to zinc-containing powders.
  • the present invention is more particularly directed to zinc-containing powders containing extremely fine particles and methods by which the powders are formed.
  • Zinc-containing powder is commonly used as the anode active material in alkaline batteries.
  • zinc-containing powder refers to any metal- containing powder that includes zinc in any form. Accordingly, this phrase may include, for example, zinc alloy powders, pure zinc powders, or powders containing zinc and incidental impurities.
  • the zinc-containing powder is typically formed by heating zinc metal and various alloying agents in an induction furnace to form a molten zinc alloy.
  • the molten metal is then pulverized, typically by air atomization at pressures of about 40 to 60 psi, to produce a conventional zinc-containing powder, which includes predominantly powder particles having a particle size of about -35 to about +200 Tyler mesh (about 500 ⁇ m to about 75 ⁇ m, respectively).
  • the conventional powder used to form the anode material has an apparent density of about 2.7 g/cm 3 .
  • the present invention addresses the above-mentioned need by providing an improved zinc-containing powder and a novel method of manufacturing the powder.
  • the zinc-containing powder has a particle size distribution wherein greater than 50% by weight of the powder is -250 Tyler mesh.
  • the zinc-containing powder may be in the form of a composition formed from at least two powders.
  • a first powder includes zinc and is composed predominantly of powder particles within a particle size distribution of about -35 to about +200 Tyler mesh.
  • a second powder includes zinc and has a particle size distribution wherein greater than 50% by weight of the second powder is -250 Tyler mesh.
  • the first and second powders of the composition include zinc and, for example, optionally about 0.01 to about 0.5 weight percent of indium, optionally about 0.01 to about 0.5 weight percent of bismuth, optionally at least one alloying element selected from the group consisting of lead, calcium, lithium, aluminum, and tin, and incidental impurities.
  • the present invention is also directed to methods of providing a zinc- containing powder.
  • the present invention provides co-manufacturing (as that term is defined herein) at least a first zinc-containing powder and a second zinc-containing powder to form a powder composition.
  • the first powder is composed predominantly of particles within a particle size distribution of -35 to +200 Tyler mesh.
  • the second zinc-containing powder includes at least 50% by weight of particles of -250 Tyler mesh.
  • the several powders of the powder composition may be co-manufactured in proportions selected to provide a powder composition with a predetermined apparent density.
  • the two powders may be provided in proportions selected so that the powder composition has a predetermined apparent density.
  • the present invention also is directed to methods of forming a zinc- containing powder wherein a melt comprising zinc and, optionally, at least one additional material, is prepared.
  • a gaseous stream is formed by forcing a gas through an aperture at a pressure of greater than 200 psi.
  • a flow of the melt is impinged onto the gaseous stream to pulverize the flow to form a powder.
  • pulverization is performed such that greater than 50% by weight of the powder formed by the atomization has a particle size of - 250 Tyler mesh.
  • the method of the present invention may be applied to form fine grain zinc- containing powders composed of particles that are more regular, more spherical, and smoother than conventional zinc-containing powders, which typically have particle size distributions of about -35 to about +200 Tyler mesh.
  • the zinc-containing powders of the present invention and their methods of formation may provide significant increases in apparent density.
  • predetermined apparent densities may be obtained by co-manufacturing the powders of the present invention with conventional zinc-containing powders.
  • the discharge performance of the battery cell may be significantly improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a method of forming the zinc- containing powders of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged photomicrograph taken at 51 X magnification illustrating the surface morphology of a conventional zinc-containing powder
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged photomicrograph taken at 500X magnification illustrating the surface morphology of a zinc-containing powder according to the present invention.
  • the present invention will be generally illustrated in the form of a zinc-containing powder having certain dust-like characteristics and that may be incorporated as an electrode material in alkaline batteries. It will be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in forms and applied to end uses that are not specifically and expressly described herein. For example, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be incorporated into devices other than batteries and that are not specifically identified herein.
  • the zinc-containing powders of the present invention differ fundamentally from zinc-containing "dusts". In general, zinc-containing dust is considered to have a very small particle size, such that nearly all particles (i.e., at least 98% by weight) within the dust pass through a 325 Tyler mesh screen.
  • Zinc-containing dust is typically formed by methods other than pulverization, as that term is defined herein.
  • the term "powder” refers to a metal-containing particulate material formed by pulverization.
  • a powder has a particle size distribution skewed toward larger particle sizes than a dust and wherein, relative to a dust, a larger weight fraction of the material is unable to pass through a 325 Tyler mesh screen (generally, particles larger than about 45 ⁇ m).
  • a conventional zinc-containing powder may be an atomized powder composed substantially of particles of -35 to +200 Tyler mesh; a conventional zinc-containing dust may be produced by condensation and composed almost entirely of particles of -325 Tyler mesh.
  • pulverization refers to mechanically dividing, fragmenting, or disintegrating a metallic material (such as zinc metal or a zinc- containing alloy) or other material into a powder, as just defined. In the method of the present invention, pulverization may be carried out in a manner that provides the resultant powder particles with a desired particle size and shape as described hereinbelow. As used herein, pulverization includes, for example, all forms of mechanically dividing, fragmenting, or disintegrating a larger mass into a powder, including liquid atomization, atomization by air or other gases, dual atomization, crushing, milling, coldstream processing, and the like.
  • Appendix refers to the mass of a unit volume of powder, generally expressed herein in grams per cubic centimeter.
  • the Tyler system for designating particle size may be contrasted with other sieve size designations such as, for example, the "United States sieve” designation.
  • the Tyler mesh size scale and the techniques for determining a particle size distribution based on the Tyler mesh size scale are understood by ordinary practitioners in the art and, accordingly, are not described in detail herein.
  • co-manufacturing refers to any suitable method known in the art for combining one or more powdered metals or other materials such as, for example, blending, mixing, and the like.
  • the one or more powders may be produced either contemporaneously or at different times.
  • this term includes formation of zinc-containing powders by contemporaneous but separate pours of molten material that are combined immediately following their separate atomization.
  • the present invention is directed to a fine grain zinc-containing powder.
  • the powder composition may be employed as the anode active material in an alkaline battery. It is believed that alkaline batteries incorporating the powder of the invention as anode active material will have improved discharge performance.
  • the zinc-containing powder of the present invention may, but need not, include at least one of bismuth, indium, lead, calcium, lithium, aluminum, and tin, as alloying agents.
  • the powder also may include other alloying agents selected to impart desirable properties to the powder.
  • the zinc-containing powder is of a zinc-based alloy including bismuth, indium, and, optionally, other alloying agents in minor amounts relative to the zinc content of the alloy.
  • the zinc metal used to produce the powder may be, for example, a thermally refined zinc metal of about 99.99% purity and having typical impurity levels of 2 ppm iron, 18 ppm lead, 3 ppm cadmium, 2 ppm aluminum, 5 ppm copper, and 1 ppm tin. (Although a highly pure zinc metal may be used in the powders of the present invention, it will be understood that the use of such highly pure metal is not necessary and, for example, zinc metal of lesser or typical purity may be used).
  • bismuth, indium, lead, calcium, aluminum, lithium, and tin optionally may be present in the powder in about 0.01 to about 0.5 weight percent, and more particularly, may be present in amounts above about 250 ppm and below about 750 ppm.
  • Other components, if present, should only be present in the embodiment of the present invention as incidental impurities that are unavoidably derived from the particular methods used to produce the zinc metal and the other alloying agents.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of one process of producing the zinc-containing powders of the present invention.
  • the process may be used, for example, to produce the embodiment of the zinc- containing powder described immediately above.
  • zinc metal and, optionally, alloying agents are heated in a furnace to form a melt of zinc alloy.
  • the zinc metal and alloying agents may be introduced into the furnace in any form known in the art.
  • zinc metal may be supplied in pre-weighed slabs, and the alloying agents may be introduced as pre-weighed portions of particulate material.
  • the zinc metal and alloying agents are introduced into the furnace in proportions appropriate to provide the desired atomic percentages within the 5 resultant powder, which will have substantially the same ratio of components as in the melt.
  • the furnace used to form the zinc-containing melt may be any furnace known to those skilled in the art suitable for preparing a metallic melt.
  • An example is an induction furnace, which heats the metal by generating a secondary current
  • the induction furnace may have an aperture through the side wall of the furnace so that the zinc-containing melt contained therein can continuously emerge as a stream from the aperture and flow vertically by force of gravity to an impingement zone wherein the molten stream is pulverized as described below.
  • additional zinc metal and, if desired, alloying agents may be added to the molten material that is already in the furnace. In that way, the atomization process may be carried on continuously.
  • the furnace may be charged with distinct batches of zinc and, if desired, alloying components in desired proportions, and then the
  • the aperture from which the stream of molten metal emerges may be of any shape and diameter that will produce a molten stream providing a powder of the desired particle size.
  • the inventors believe that given a particular atomizing pressure, a smaller diameter molten metal stream will produce a finer powder when 5 atomized.
  • the aperture may be generally circular and have a diameter of about 1/16 to about 2 inches. More particularly, the circular aperture may have a diameter of about 9/64 inches.
  • the stream of molten material may be pulverized by any means generally known in the art.
  • the stream may be atomized to a fine spray of minute particles by impinging the stream onto a continuously flowing high pressure stream of gas.
  • the stream preferably enters the impingement zone such that the stream is generally uniform and laminar.
  • a laminar flow of the molten material may exit the aperture in the furnace and fall vertically by force of gravity into the impingement zone such that the laminar flow intersects the high pressure gas stream at an angle of about 90°.
  • Other techniques for conducting the atomization although not specifically described herein, may be ascertained by those of ordinary skill without undue experimentation after having considered the present description.
  • the atomizing gas may be, for example, air or any suitably inert gas that does not result in the formation of undesirable oxides and other reaction products and does not introduce contaminants into the formed powder.
  • suitably inert gases include argon and other noble gases.
  • the present inventor has discovered that he may achieve the novel small particle size zinc-containing powders of the present invention by an atomization wherein the melt is impinged onto a gaseous stream of treated ambient air formed by forcing the air through an aperture at a pressure of greater than 200 psi, and preferably at least 230 psi. Before generating the gaseous stream, the ambient air may be filtered of particulates and dehumidified.
  • the continuous gaseous stream may be generated by forcing filtered, dehumidified ambient air under pressure into an atomizing block and through an atomizing nozzle removably secured to the atomizing block.
  • the atomizing nozzle may be removably secured to the atomizing block so that, for example, the nozzle may be removed for replacement or cleaning.
  • the atomizing block receives a supply of the atomizing gas through a gas source (not shown), and the gas exits through the atomizing nozzle and is directed toward an impingement zone where it impinges upon the molten stream.
  • the atomizing nozzle may be configured with any shape that forms a gaseous stream suitable for impingement with the molten stream.
  • Such shapes include, for example, generally circular shapes, "U” shapes, and "V” shapes.
  • the molten stream is mechanically fragmented into a fine spray of minute particles.
  • the aperture of the atomizing nozzle is U-shaped or V-shaped
  • the stream of molten material may impinge at or near the trough of the pressurized flow of gas in order to maximally mechanically agitate the molten material.
  • the fine spray of solidified powder particles is propelled toward and received into a receiver canister.
  • the receiver canister may be operated under suction in order to better capture the particles that are formed through atomization.
  • one or more devices such as, for example, cyclones, may be associated with the receiver canister to collect fine airborne particles of zinc-containing powder so that the extremely fine grains may be cycled back to the screening stage to increase the yield of the final powder product.
  • the zinc-containing powder is collected in a receiving canister and is then discharged into a screening stage for separating oversize powder particles.
  • the screening operation may include any screening system known in the art, such as, for example, a 4-deck screening system, identified as Model 804A AL/MS available from Rotex, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio.
  • the screening system may be arranged so that the zinc-containing powder is screened through, for example, in series, a 100 mesh screen, a 150 mesh screen, a 200 mesh screen, and a 250 mesh screen.
  • a zinc-containing powder produced by the method of the present invention from a melt including zinc, 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent indium, 0.01 to 0.5 weight percent bismuth, and incidental impurities is found to be composed substantially of particles that will pass through a 250 Tyler mesh RoTap Test screen. Such particles are about 63 ⁇ m or less in size. Such a powder also includes a significant fraction of particles that will pass through a 325 mesh screen and are, therefore, about 45 ⁇ m or less in size.
  • the oversized particles i.e., any particles that are retained on the 100, 150, 200, and 250 mesh screens, may be collected and recycled to the furnace where they are re-melted and again atomized to increase yield.
  • the primary product identified in FIG. 1 may be further refined by other downstream operations.
  • the powder particles that pass through the 250 mesh screen may pass through a surge hopper and a magnet assembly, where any iron-based particles are removed.
  • samples may be removed and tested to ensure that the desired particle size distribution is achieved.
  • the final product, minus any collected 5 samples, is collected, weighed, and may be packaged in containers customized to the end user's batch sizes.
  • the end users may include manufacturers of alkaline batteries.
  • the zinc-containing powders of the present invention which are composed of powder particles that are on average significantly smaller than it those of conventional zinc-containing powders, may be produced by the method of the invention directly upon atomization.
  • the powders of the invention for example, need not be provided by separating out a fine grain portion of a conventional powder.
  • the powders of the present invention need not originate as a byproduct of a larger mass of powder.
  • Table 1 various experimental and commercial scale runs of the above-described embodiment of the zinc-containing powder production process of the present invention were carried out. The treated ambient air's atomizing pressure, as well as the quantity of product powder produced, its melt chemistry, and its sieve size analysis (Tyler mesh scale) are provided for each run.
  • the Tyler 0 mesh sizes of the several screens used in series in the Rotex apparatus are indicated for each run in the "Screens Used” column.
  • the Tyler sieve size analysis for the final powder product in each run was determined in a conventional fashion by configuring a Model B RoTap testing sieve shaker (manufactured by Tyler) to include in series mesh separating screens having increasingly smaller mesh size. 5
  • the weight percentages of the tested powder sample retained on each screen and passing through the smallest mesh size screen of the testing device were calculated to arrive at the sieve size analysis shown in the "Tyler Sieve Size (%)" column of the table.
  • Apparent densities of metal-based powders are strongly affected by particle size distribution and particle shape. For example, apparent density decreases as the particle shape becomes less spherical and less uniform.
  • Jagged or angular particles do not pack well together, leaving substantial inter-particle (interstitial) space that reduces apparent density. Assemblages of particles having uniform spherical shapes may tightly pack together with little space between particles, and such an arrangement leads to relatively high apparent density. Conventionally, it has been thought that apparent density decreases with decreasing particle size unless particle shape and surface texture are modified to counteract this effect. Accordingly, it has been accepted that zinc-containing powders of optimal apparent density for use as anode material in alkaline batteries should have a particle size of about -35 Tyler mesh to about +200 Tyler mesh (about 500 ⁇ m to about 75 ⁇ m, respectively).
  • the small particle size of zinc-containing powders of the present invention have improved particle morphology, as these particles are more uniformly shaped and spherical, and are smoother than conventional powders. Accordingly, the zinc-containing powders of the present invention may be considered to have certain characteristics of a dust, but without certain of the disadvantages associated with dusts.
  • FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph at 51 X magnification showing surface features of individual particles of conventional zinc-containing powder produced by Zinc Corporation of America, Palmerton, Pennsylvania.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged photomicrograph at 500X magnification showing the surface features of a zinc- containing powder of the present invention. It is apparent on comparing FIGS. 2 and 3 that particles of the present zinc-containing powder are more uniformly shaped and more spherical and have less surface roughness than particles of the conventional zinc-containing powder.
  • the apparent density decreases that have heretofore been associated with zinc- containing powders produced by conventional pulverization techniques can be overcome; the apparent densities of powders of the present invention (which may be substantially of -250 Tyler mesh) are greater than densities of conventionally produced powders, which are cf larger particle size (substantially of -35 to +200 Tyler mesh).
  • the apparent density of a substantially -250 Tyler mesh zinc-containing powder of the present invention produced by an air atomization process may be about 2.9 g/cm 3 or greater, while the apparent density of a conventional zinc-containing powder of like chemistry is about 2.7 g/cm 3 .
  • the last column illustrated as "Fine Particle Size Powder,” illustrates a zinc-containing powder of the present invention, wherein greater than 99 weight percent of the powder passed through a 250 mesh screen.
  • the middle three columns represent co-manufactured combinations of the two powders, and the weight ratio of inventive and conventional powders in the particular combinations are indicated.
  • the last row of the table indicates the density increase relative to the density of the conventional powder. It will be seen that the apparent density increases and reaches a maximum at a weight-to-weight ratio of about 50:50. On moving further to the table's right, a further increase in the weight ratio of the inventive powder reduces the apparent density of the powder composition.
  • This variation in apparent density achieved by varying the weight ratio of the component powders allows the inventors to co-manufacture products of a predetermined apparent density or apparent density range customized to end user specifications.
  • a multiple powder composition of a desired apparent density may be obtained by co-manufacturing a portion of the powder of the present invention with a portion of a conventionally sized powder.
  • the present inventors believe that the small particles of the powder of the present invention fill the interstitial spaces between the particles of the conventional powder, thus adding mass to space otherwise unoccupied, thereby increasing mass per unit volume.
  • Table 2 is presented by way of illustration only. It should be understood that other powders having other particle size distributions may be co-manufactured with the powders of the present invention.
  • a bimodal (i.e., two component) powder is illustrated, it is contemplated that three or more powders, at least one of which being a powder of the present invention, may be co- manufactured into a powder composition to achieve improved apparent densities.
  • the present invention provides novel zinc-containing powders and methods of manufacturing those powders.
  • One embodiment of the zinc- containing powders of the present invention has a particle size distribution containing extremely small particles and may have greater apparent density than conventional zinc-containing powders.
  • the present invention also is directed to zinc-containing powder compositions of at least the powder of the present invention and other zinc-containing powders having different, larger particle size distributions. Such compositions may have significantly greater apparent densities than either the conventional powders or the powders of the present invention taken alone. Compositions designed to have a particular apparent density within a wide range of apparent densities may be obtained by producing the powder of the present invention with amounts of one or more conventional powders.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une poudre contenant du zinc et son procédé de fabrication. Ladite poudre contenant du zinc présente, au moins en partie, une distribution granulométrique d'environ 250 sur l'échelle des tamis de Tyler. La masse volumique apparente de cette poudre peut dépasser 2,9 g/cm3. La poudre contenant du zinc a des particules plus uniformes et plus sphériques et sa surface est moins rugueuse que celle des poudres conventionnelles.
PCT/US2000/042294 1999-12-02 2000-11-28 Poudres contenant du zinc et procedes de fabrication Ceased WO2001040529A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU43063/01A AU4306301A (en) 1999-12-02 2000-11-28 Zinc-containing powders and methods of manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45279599A 1999-12-02 1999-12-02
US09/452,795 1999-12-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001040529A2 true WO2001040529A2 (fr) 2001-06-07
WO2001040529A3 WO2001040529A3 (fr) 2002-01-31

Family

ID=23797964

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2000/042294 Ceased WO2001040529A2 (fr) 1999-12-02 2000-11-28 Poudres contenant du zinc et procedes de fabrication

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4306301A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001040529A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1430976A1 (fr) * 2002-12-21 2004-06-23 Grillo-Werke AG Poudre de zinc ou d'alliage à base de zinc à densité apparente inhomogène pour batteries alkalines
US7323031B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2008-01-29 Grillo-Werke Ag Zinc powder or zinc alloy powder with inhomogeneous bulk density for alkaline batteries
US7364819B2 (en) 2004-06-28 2008-04-29 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Alkaline electrochemical cell with a blended zinc powder

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007524190A (ja) 2003-06-17 2007-08-23 ザ ジレット カンパニー 電池用アノード

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5930762B2 (ja) * 1977-01-18 1984-07-28 株式会社東芝 多孔質亜鉛焼結体の製造方法
DE4439782B4 (de) * 1993-11-05 2005-07-28 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd., Moriguchi Behälter, der mit einer Anzahl von Pulvern von wasserstoffabsorbierenden Legierungen gepackt ist, und Formkörper
US6284410B1 (en) * 1997-08-01 2001-09-04 Duracell Inc. Zinc electrode particle form

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1430976A1 (fr) * 2002-12-21 2004-06-23 Grillo-Werke AG Poudre de zinc ou d'alliage à base de zinc à densité apparente inhomogène pour batteries alkalines
WO2004056507A1 (fr) * 2002-12-21 2004-07-08 Grillo-Werke Ag Poudres de zinc ou poudres d'alliage de zinc presentant une densite en vrac heterogene destinees a des piles alcalines
CN100364699C (zh) * 2002-12-21 2008-01-30 格里洛工厂股份公司 用于碱性电池的具有不均匀堆密度的锌粉末或锌合金粉末
US7323031B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2008-01-29 Grillo-Werke Ag Zinc powder or zinc alloy powder with inhomogeneous bulk density for alkaline batteries
US7364819B2 (en) 2004-06-28 2008-04-29 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Alkaline electrochemical cell with a blended zinc powder
US7718316B2 (en) 2004-06-28 2010-05-18 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Alkaline electrochemical cell with a blended zinc powder
US8017271B2 (en) 2004-06-28 2011-09-13 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Alkaline electrochemical cell with a blended zinc powder
US8202651B2 (en) 2004-06-28 2012-06-19 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Alkaline electrochemical cell with a blended zinc powder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001040529A3 (fr) 2002-01-31
AU4306301A (en) 2001-06-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20250135536A1 (en) Metal powder atomization manufacturing processes
US11794247B2 (en) Reactive metal powders in-flight heat treatment processes
US3325277A (en) Method of making metal powder
US5738953A (en) Alkaline metal oxide/metal hydride battery
CA2484458C (fr) Poudre de zinc et poudre d'alliage de zinc pour piles alcalines
WO2001040529A2 (fr) Poudres contenant du zinc et procedes de fabrication
US5902373A (en) Sponge-iron powder
CN118218580A (zh) 一种球形锌基金属粉体材料及其制备方法和应用
JPS6267102A (ja) 焼結青銅合金粉の製造方法
JPH11236631A (ja) 固相還元法による微細ニッケル粉末の製造方法および該方法により得られた微細ニッケル粉末
JP3290895B2 (ja) ニッケル水素電池用水素吸蔵合金粉末
JP2912427B2 (ja) 水素吸蔵合金粉末の製造方法とＮｉ―水素電池用陰極
JPH07278612A (ja) スポンジチタンの粉砕方法
JP2002047501A (ja) チタン系粉末
JP3266909B2 (ja) 窒化アルミニウムの製造方法
WO1998056056A1 (fr) Composition en poudre et son procede de preparation
JPH06212291A (ja) 焼結鉱製造における焼結原料の前処理方法
JPWO1998029334A1 (ja) 窒化アルミニウムの製造方法
JPH04210440A (ja) 二次電池用水素吸蔵合金
JPH07316610A (ja) 水素吸蔵合金粉末の表面改質方法
JP2001107112A (ja) 水素吸蔵合金粉末の製造方法
JPH1096003A (ja) チタン系粉末及びその製造方法
JPS59190303A (ja) 球状金属粉末の製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP